CN106460930A - 轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段 - Google Patents

轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段 Download PDF

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CN106460930A
CN106460930A CN201580028988.5A CN201580028988A CN106460930A CN 106460930 A CN106460930 A CN 106460930A CN 201580028988 A CN201580028988 A CN 201580028988A CN 106460930 A CN106460930 A CN 106460930A
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retainer
peek
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bearing cage
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罗伯特·格吕尔
安塞尔姆·洛恩巴
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/44—Selection of substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/003—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0005—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fibre reinforcements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4617—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/56—Selection of substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/04—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • F16C2208/04—Glass fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/36—Polyarylene ether ketones [PAEK], e.g. PEK, PEEK
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/56—Tolerances; Accuracy of linear dimensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/3837—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the balls, e.g. machined window cages

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，特别用于滚动轴承，其中所述轴承保持架包括具有低或中等粘度的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)基础材料，向基础材料添加少于30％的，特别是15％至25％的加强材料，被加强的PEEK材料具有在熔体流动方向上的收缩率，该收缩率在0.4％至0.6％范围内。

Description

轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段
本发明涉及一种(特别用于滚动轴承的)轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其中轴承保持架包括具有低或中等粘度的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)基础材料。
用于滚动轴承的轴承保持架或可组装成轴承保持架的轴承保持架节段具有引导滚动体并以一定间隔保持滚动体的作用。从而可以确保轴承的平衡的动态特性。通常将例如钢或黄铜或还有塑料(特别是例如聚酰胺或聚醚醚酮(PEEK)之类的聚合物)之类的各种材料用于轴承保持架。
这里，由PEEK制成的保持架具有如下益处：PEEK比其它塑料材料有更高的温度或化学耐性。此外，对于PEEK材料而言，其摩擦性能(即与摩擦和磨损相关联的性能)以及机械稳定性比其它塑料高，因此PEEK在持续工作时具有更高的抗老化性
然而，使用PEEK材料的问题在于尺寸稳定性(特别是采用大的注塑成型的PEEK保持架时)的变化。这意味着用PEEK制造的保持架不能可靠地按所需的大小和尺寸制造。这特别对于大的保持架尺寸而言是至关重要的，由此会导致高的废品率和进而产生的高成本。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种由PEEK基础材料制成的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其尺寸稳定性能被显著改善。
该目的通过根据权利要求1的用于滚动轴承的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段实现。
根据本发明，提出一种用于滚动轴承的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其中轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段包括具有低或中等粘度的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)基础材料。该粘度有利地使得能够在用于制造轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段的注塑成型过程中实现特别良好的流动特性(Flieβverhalten)。这里，本发明基于如下思路：向基础材料添加少于30％的，特别是15％至25％的加强材料，并由此获得被加强的PEEK材料，该被加强的PEEK材料具有在0.4％至0.6％范围内的、在熔体流动方向(Schmelzflieβrichtung)上的收缩率(Schwindung)。由于收缩率被设置在从0.4％至0.6％的范围内，已经令人惊讶的显示出PEEK材料的尺寸稳定性可以保持得特别好。所以即使是大的轴承，也可以在废品率可以忽略不计的情况下由PEEK材料生产。所添加的加强材料特别使得轴承保持架和轴承保持架节段能够具有特别良好的机械性能，特别是其焊缝强度和/或冲击韧性
根据进一步有利的示例性实施方式，提出了一种如下的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段：其中PEEK材料的收缩率在0.45％和0.52％之间。已经有利地显示出，当收缩率在该范围内时，可以进一步改善所制造的保持架的尺寸稳定性。
根据进一步有利的示例性实施方式，玻璃纤维和/或碳纤维和/或石墨和/或聚四氟乙烯(Teflon：特氟隆)作为加强材料被添加到PEEK基础材料中，其中根据本发明，使用少于30％的加强材料。这些加强材料特别是对机械性能产生影响，从而使得轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段能够被提供具有特别良好的关于摩擦、磨损和机械强度的性能。
这里，特别有利的是，被加强的PEEK材料包括大约20％的玻璃纤维。因此，可以制造出收缩率在从0.45％至0.52％范围内的PEEK材料，由此可以制造出尺寸特别稳定的轴承保持架或尺寸特别稳定的轴承保持架节段。此外，具有根据本发明的组分和根据本发明的性能的PEEK材料可以在注塑成型工艺中被特别好地处理，从而能够快速且可靠地制造轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段。
可选地或另外地，被加强的PEEK材料也可以包括小于30％的碳纤维。因而还能够提出一种PEEK材料，其一方面确保了轴承应力特别良好的轴承保持架，而且还可以提供可靠的尺寸稳定性。
根据进一步有利的示例性实施方式，轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段采用铸造法、注塑成型法或注射法制造。由此还能够低成本且快速地制造复杂的设计形状。这里特别有利的是，使用具有低粘度或中等粘度的PEEK材料作为PEEK基础材料，这是因为已经证明这些材料具有特别良好的注塑成型性能。
进一步的益处和有利的实施方式在从属权利要求和说明书中描述。
总体来说，已经有利地显示，利用具有在熔体流动方向上的在0.4％至0.6％范围内的缩减率或收缩率的被加强的PEEK材料，可以通过注塑成型制造具有特别良好的尺寸稳定性的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段。这里特别有利的是，将少于30％的多种加强材料或一种加强材料添加到基础材料。从而能够提供具有在上述范围内的收缩率的、被加强的PEEK材料。然而，收缩率最好在0.45％和0.52％之间，这是因为该收缩率范围在轴承保持架生产时导致特别稳定的尺寸稳定性。为了轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段的关于摩擦学、可加工性、尺寸稳定性、流动性能、机械性能及表面性能的最佳性能，还已经显示出采用大约20％的玻璃纤维是特别有利的。

Claims (6)

1.一种轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，特别用于滚动轴承，其中所述轴承保持架包括具有低或中等粘度的聚醚醚酮(PEEK)基础材料，其特征在于，向所述基础材料添加少于30％的，特别是15％至25％的加强材料，被加强的PEEK材料具有在熔体流动方向上的收缩率，所述收缩率在0.4％至0.6％范围内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其特征在于，所述收缩率在0.45％和0.52％之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其特征在于，玻璃纤维和/或碳纤维和/或石墨和/或聚四氟乙烯作为所述加强材料被添加。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其特征在于，所述被加强的PEEK材料包括大约20％的玻璃纤维。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其特征在于，所述被加强的PEEK材料包括少于30％的碳纤维。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段，其特征在于，所述轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段采用铸造法、注塑成型法或注射法制造。
CN201580028988.5A 2014-06-24 2015-06-18 轴承保持架或轴承保持架节段 Pending CN106460930A (zh)

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DE102014212072.1 2014-06-24
DE102014212072.1A DE102014212072A1 (de) 2014-06-24 2014-06-24 Lagerkäfig oder Lagerkäfigsegment
PCT/EP2015/063695 WO2015197460A1 (de) 2014-06-24 2015-06-18 Lagerkäfig oder lagerkäfigsegment

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US (1) US20170198751A1 (zh)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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