CN106431735A - Insect-resistant quick-acting fruit tree complex leaf fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an insect-resistant quick-acting fruit tree complex leaf fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The leaf fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, plant source fresh materials, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, wheat germ, poultry feathers, concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrated lime, pig hairs, leaf mold, EM microbial agents, papain, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium permanganate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and an appropriate amount of water. The concentrated sulfuric acid is diluted, discarded materials in life such as feathers are mixed, heated and stirred, protein in the feathers and hairs of animals can be hydrolyzed and softened, later fermentation and decomposition are facilitated, inorganic elements and mineral clay are mixed and fermented, the fermentation process is an amino acid chelated process, the protein is decomposed to obtain amino acid, and the utilization amount of the inorganic elements is improved by taking the advantage that the amino acid is absorbed by plants.

Description

Quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, and in particular to a kind of quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of pest-resistant type fruit tree and Its preparation method.

Background technology

Plant waxiness is having for element of the first species's complexity that plant is formed for adapting to external environment in growth and development process The general name of machine mixture, is covered in exposed aerial plant tissue, bolt matter substrate including underground, calluss and flower Powder etc., plays a part of to protect plant.Its main component has aliphatic compound, cyclic compound, phytosterin compound etc., With aliphatic compound, it is modal component including long-chain fatty acid, aldehyde, primary and secondary alcohol etc..The thing of plant surface waxiness Physical chemistry characteristic can be resisted various biological with abiotic infringement, and these infringements include fungal disease, plant-feed insect, too Positive ray, solidification point etc..

The arena that plant surface waxiness or plant, plant-feed insect and its Predator and host marking interact, its Distinctive chemical composition and morphological feature give its distinctive ecology function, and one of these functions are plant and phytophagous elder brother The medium of the interphase interaction of worm.The physical arrangement and quantity of plant surface waxiness can affect attachment and the shifting of plant-feed insect Dynamic.Surface waxiness can be by the predation of the hostile phytophagous insect in impact day, so as to the behavior of remote-effects phytophagous insect.Surface Waxiness extract and single wax component can stimulate or suppress plant-feed insect spawning, activity and take food.Alkane, wax The aliphatic compound such as ester, free alkyl alcohol and acid is the main component of surface waxiness, selects host plant in plant-feed insect In, aliphatic compound plays particularly important effect；Aromatic compound also affects selection of the insecticide to host plant. Plant-feed insect is less to be taken food on the few phenotypic crop of smooth waxiness, on the few phenotypic crop of smooth waxiness, surface The quantity of waxiness is few, and chemical constituent and morphological feature are also different.Surface waxiness can be by affecting the hostile phytophagous insect in day Predation, so as to the behavior of remote-effects phytophagous insect.The adhesive ability of the multipair natural enemy of surface waxiness has detrimental effect, such as may be used Reduce the predations of the natural enemy insect to plant-feed insect such as Chrysopa, the considerable ladybug of anchor speckle, minute pirate bugs.

The wax coat on blade top layer is made up of hydrophobic compound, and these waxinesss are protecting blade not by high light spoke Penetrate, the infringement of insect and microorganism serves very crucial effect, but the using effect which results in foliage fertilizer is not good, one Aspect foliage fertilizer will overcome the feature of surface hydrophobicity, stop in the effective time of blade face in foliage fertilizer, be extremely difficult to good effect Really, and foliage fertilizer substantially enters blade by way of free diffusing, experiment proves that the thin blade of waxiness absorbs Nutrient is more preferable.

Content of the invention

The present invention seeks to adhesive force of the foliage fertilizer on crop leaf surface is improved, absorbability and the life of foliage fertilizer is improved Thing insect resistance capacity, a kind of foliage fertilizer that with the addition of plant leaf blade top layer waxiness is developed in invention, is realized particular by following methods 's：

The quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：The fresh material of plant source 20 ~ 30, ethyl acetate 15 ~ 20, ethanol 6 ~ 12, Fructus Tritici aestivi 10 ~ 16, poultry feather 40 ~ 60, concentrated sulphuric acid 30 ~ 50, Calx 20 ~ 30, Pilus Sus domestica 20 ~ 30, leaf mould 50 ~ 100, EM bacteria agent 2 ~ 3, papain 0.5 ~ 1.0, zinc sulfate 1 ~ 4, ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 6, Potassium permanganate 10 ~ 15, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 8 ~ 14 and appropriate water；

The fresh material of described plant source be with weight（Part）Mix for the following raw material of unit：Eucalyptus leaveses 10 ~ 15, Fructus Rubi 7 ~ 10th, lucerne place 15 ~ 20, Folium Populi Davidianae 4 ~ 8, cercis leaf 1 ~ 4, wheat leaf 6 ~ 10, Folium Crataegi 2 ~ 5, leaf of Semen Maydis 3 ~ 7.

2nd, the preparation method of quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Including following step：

（1）To add in the fresh material of plant source after ethanol dilution 30 ~ 40%, homogenate will be ground to form, be subsequently adding ethyl acetate, water-bath 55 ~ Under the conditions of 70 DEG C extract 2.0 ~ 2.5h, after the completion of sucking filtration obtain filtrate, then at 70 ~ 80 DEG C of rotated evaporimeter concentrate lixiviating solution extremely 40~60%；

（2）By diluting concentrated sulfuric acid to 50 ~ 60%, poultry feather and Pilus Sus domestica is then placed in, heated and boiled insulated and stirred 50 ~ 90min, filters out filtering residue；

（3）Will（2）Gained filtering residue mixed leaf soil, Calx, zinc sulfate and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are inoculated with EM Microbial inoculum, piles up and becomes thoroughly decomposed 8 ~ 15 days, stirred once per 2 ~ 3 days；

（4）Will（3）Gained fermented product high-temp steam sterilizing, then presses solid-liquid ratio 1 with water:50 ~ 80 dilutes, filter and must filter Liquid, adds（1）Gained lixiviating solution.

Invention is to utilize according to compositing characteristic and its pest-resistant principle of waxiness in background technology, the basic point of departure of preparation Plant waxiness extract is raw material, prepares the additive of foliage fertilizer, using natural insect resistace active component, crop is protected, This measure can reduce the pesticide residues of crop, improve crop quality, can improve substantially extraction step through years of researches Suddenly：（1）It is to choose containing waxiness and the plant leaf blade with insect pest characteristic is enriched, eucalyptus leaveses have to diamond-back moth significantly walks quickly and keeps away Effect, the surface waxiness of Herba Medicaginiss then has good protective effect to variegation aphid, in the surface waxiness of Fructus Rubi containing Squalene, The insect repelling components well such as plant sterol, tocopherol and vanillin, also have Cortex Populi dividianae with the effect of above effect same Leaf, cercis, Folium Crataegi, wheat leaf, leaf of Semen Maydis etc.；（2）Using certain density ethyl acetate aqueous solution as extractant, then Defibrination is carried out to the blade rich in waxiness, is mixed after ethyl acetate extractant is added, 60 DEG C of extractions of water-bath, this process is not only Blade face top layer wax component can be extracted, while the volatility lipid in blade can be extracted, is equally had and walk quickly and keep away evil well The effect of worm, after the completion of high speed centrifugation remove blade residue, by gained filtrate by Rotary Evaporators heating concentration.

Containing the volatile aromatic fat in blade and surface lipophilic in the plant leaf blade lixiviating solution for being obtained by above method Property compound wax component, and all there are obvious boiling characteristics, after being sprayed to blade, insect had and walks quickly and keeps away work well With, by the use of being slightly soluble in the ethyl acetate of water as extractant, can a part neutralizing plant extract poorly water-soluble problem, Remaining ethyl acetate after the completion of extraction, its characteristic for being slightly soluble in water serves the work of bridge well as a kind of intermediate With, add to the water miscible foliage fertilizer of water-wet side connection after foliage fertilizer, and the wax component that the connection of lipophilic end is extracted, and according to Similar compatibility principle, waxiness and the waxiness perfect adaptation of blade surface, promote foliage fertilizer to adsorb in blade surface, improve foliage fertilizer Utilization rate.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：Diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, the material that then discards in the life such as mixing feather are together heated Stirring, can be hydrolyzed to the protein in the hair of feather and animal, softens, is conducive to the fermentation in later stage to decompose, then Mixing inorganic elementss and mineral nitrogen clay carry out mixed fermentation, and the process of fermentation is the mistake of decomposing protein gained chelating amino acids Journey, using the advantage of plant absorption aminoacid, improves the utilization of inorganic elementss.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1：

The quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree, it is characterised in that by following weight portion（Kg）Raw material make：Plant source Fresh material 27, ethyl acetate 18, ethanol 9, Fructus Tritici aestivi 14, poultry feather 55, concentrated sulphuric acid 45, Calx 24, Pilus Sus domestica 25, leaf mould 80th, EM bacteria agent 2, papain 0.8, zinc sulfate 2, ferrous sulfate 3, potassium permanganate 12, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 10 and appropriate water；

The fresh material of described plant source be with weight（Kg）Mix for the following raw material of unit：Eucalyptus leaveses 12, Fructus Rubi 8, lucerne Place 18, Folium Populi Davidianae 6, cercis leaf 3, wheat leaf 7, Folium Crataegi 3, leaf of Semen Maydis 5.

The preparation method of the quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree, it is characterised in that including following step：

（1）To add in the fresh material of plant source after ethanol dilution 30 ~ 40%, homogenate will be ground to form, be subsequently adding ethyl acetate, water-bath 55 ~ Under the conditions of 70 DEG C extract 2.0 ~ 2.5h, after the completion of sucking filtration obtain filtrate, then at 70 ~ 80 DEG C of rotated evaporimeter concentrate lixiviating solution extremely 40~60%；

（2）By diluting concentrated sulfuric acid to 50 ~ 60%, poultry feather and Pilus Sus domestica is then placed in, heated and boiled insulated and stirred 50 ~ 90min, filters out filtering residue；

（3）Will（2）Gained filtering residue mixed leaf soil, Calx, zinc sulfate and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are inoculated with EM Microbial inoculum, piles up and becomes thoroughly decomposed 8 ~ 15 days, stirred once per 2 ~ 3 days；

（4）Will（3）Gained fermented product high-temp steam sterilizing, then presses solid-liquid ratio 1 with water:50 ~ 80 dilutes, filter and must filter Liquid, adds（1）Gained lixiviating solution.

The foliage fertilizer of the present invention is used for the planting experiment of apple tree, by the foliage fertilizer of invention by per mu of 250 ~ 300Kg's Amount is uniformly sprayed on the blade of apple tree, as a result with respect to conventional common foliage fertilizer, the assimilation effect of foliage fertilizer of the present invention More preferably, the growing way of Fructus Mali pumilae is vigorous, and with the quick effect for providing nutrition, the incidence rate of pest and disease damage reduces.

Claims (2)

1. quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Plant source is fresh Material 20 ~ 30, ethyl acetate 15 ~ 20, ethanol 6 ~ 12, Fructus Tritici aestivi 10 ~ 16, poultry feather 40 ~ 60, concentrated sulphuric acid 30 ~ 50, Calx 20 ~ 30, Pilus Sus domestica 20 ~ 30, leaf mould 50 ~ 100, EM bacteria agent 2 ~ 3, papain 0.5 ~ 1.0, zinc sulfate 1 ~ 4, ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 6th, potassium permanganate 10 ~ 15, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 8 ~ 14 and appropriate water；

The fresh material of described plant source be with weight（Part）Mix for the following raw material of unit：Eucalyptus leaveses 10 ~ 15, Fructus Rubi 7 ~ 10th, lucerne place 15 ~ 20, Folium Populi Davidianae 4 ~ 8, cercis leaf 1 ~ 4, wheat leaf 6 ~ 10, Folium Crataegi 2 ~ 5, leaf of Semen Maydis 3 ~ 7.

2. the preparation method of quick-acting complexation foliage fertilizers of a kind of pest-resistant type fruit tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include Following step：

（1）To add in the fresh material of plant source after ethanol dilution 30 ~ 40%, homogenate will be ground to form, be subsequently adding ethyl acetate, water-bath 55 ~ Under the conditions of 70 DEG C extract 2.0 ~ 2.5h, after the completion of sucking filtration obtain filtrate, then at 70 ~ 80 DEG C of rotated evaporimeter concentrate lixiviating solution extremely 40~60%；

（2）By diluting concentrated sulfuric acid to 50 ~ 60%, poultry feather and Pilus Sus domestica is then placed in, heated and boiled insulated and stirred 50 ~ 90min, filters out filtering residue；

（3）Will（2）Gained filtering residue mixed leaf soil, Calx, zinc sulfate and other following residual componentss being not directed to, are inoculated with EM Microbial inoculum, piles up and becomes thoroughly decomposed 8 ~ 15 days, stirred once per 2 ~ 3 days；

（4）Will（3）Gained fermented product high-temp steam sterilizing, then presses solid-liquid ratio 1 with water:50 ~ 80 dilutes, filter and must filter Liquid, adds（1）Gained lixiviating solution.