CN106423575A - 一种1,3,4‑噻二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用 - Google Patents
一种1,3,4‑噻二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106423575A CN106423575A CN201610846832.4A CN201610846832A CN106423575A CN 106423575 A CN106423575 A CN 106423575A CN 201610846832 A CN201610846832 A CN 201610846832A CN 106423575 A CN106423575 A CN 106423575A
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- Prior art keywords
- thiadiazoles
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- base
- flotation
- thiones
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Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- JLAMDELLBBZOOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NN=CS1 JLAMDELLBBZOOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001061127 Thione Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004869 1,3,4-thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001739 silver mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylidene Chemical group [CH]CC OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(S)=S CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001779 copper mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-thiadiazole Chemical class C1=CSN=N1 UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJXGAOVINTWLFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole Chemical class CCCCCCC1=NN=CS1 WJXGAOVINTWLFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000507 anthelmentic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UIZVMOZAXAMASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-5-en-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCC=C UIZVMOZAXAMASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种1,3,4‑噻二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂及其应用,该应用是将1,3,4‑噻二唑‑2‑硫酮类化合物作为矿物浮选捕收剂应用于含铜、银或金矿物的矿石中浮选回收有价金属,相对现有技术中的常用浮选捕收剂能有效改善铜、银或金矿物的富集和回收。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属选矿领域,具体涉及一种1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用。
背景技术
1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物具有生物活性与螯合性能。在农业领域,可以用作除草剂、驱虫药、植物生长调节剂,还可以用来防止水稻百叶枯病,柑橘溃疡病,番茄青枯病等;在生物医药领域,主要应用于杀菌,消炎,抗癌,降压,降低胆固醇、抗结核、抗惊厥等方面;此外,1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物含有较强配位能力的N、S原子,可作为多齿配体螯合铜、银、铅、镍、汞等金属离子,可应用于抗腐蚀、抗摩擦等方面。
1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物的合成方法有多种,其中常用的合成路线如下:
该方法经三步合成1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物。先是制备酰肼类化合物,再由酰肼类化合物与二硫化碳和碱反应制备有机酰胺基二硫代氨基甲酸盐,最后,制得的有机酰胺基二硫代氨基甲酸盐在浓硫酸存在下低温环合得到1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物(李占才,李淑勉,方少明,侯守君,聂晓兵,林烨.5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮的合成[J].化学研究与应用,1997,9(5):91-93;Saha A,Kumar R,Kumar R,et al.Green synthesisof 5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiols as new potent nitrificationinhibitors[J].Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry,2010,47(4):838-845)。
Mashhadizadeha等报道了1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物可与Cu(II)形成螯合物(M.H.Mashhadizadeh,K.Eskandari,A.Foroumadi,A.Shafiee.Copper(II)modifiedcarbon paste electrodes based on self-assembled mercapto compounds-gold-nanoparticle[J].Talanta,2008,76(3):497-502)。Kannan和John合成了5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮金纳米粒子(P.Kannan and S.A.John.Synthesis of mercaptothiadiazole-functionalized gold nanoparticles and their self-assembly on Au substrates[J].Nanotechnology 2008,19(8):085602)。Matsumoto等发现5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮通过化学键自组装于金和铜电极表面(F.Matsumoto,M.Ozaki,Y.Inatomi,S.C.Paulson,N.Oyama.Studies on the adsorption behavior of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole at gold and copperelectrode surfaces[J].Langmuir 1999,15(3):857-865)。Blajiev等报道了5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮可与铜形成螯合物,对铜表面起缓蚀作用(O.L.Blajiev,T.Breugelmans,R.Pintelon,H.Terryn,A.Hubin.Potentiodynamic EIS investigation of the2-methyl-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole adsorption on copper[J].Electrochimica Acta,2008,53(25):7451-7459)。
目前,现有技术中并没有关于1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类杂环化合物用作浮选捕收剂的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提供一种1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类捕收剂在金属矿物浮选方面的应用,该1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物能有效提高含铜、银或金矿物的矿石中有价金属的富集和回收效率。
一种1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,将具有式1结构的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物的浮选捕收剂应用于含铜矿物、银矿物或金矿物的至少一种矿石中浮选回收有价金属;
其中,式1中,R为C1~C17的烃基、或者为具有式2结构的烷氧醚基;
式2中,R1为亚乙基或亚丙基,n为1~3的整数,R2为C1~C17的烃基。
本发明人发现,将具有式1主核结构的化合物作为浮选的捕收剂,有助于铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物中至少一种矿石的有价金属的富集和回收。
所述的式1化合物中,R基团提供式1化合物良好的疏水性。
所述的R为C1~C17的烃基,也即是所述的R为碳原子数为1~17的碳氢基团。例如:R可为(1)饱和烷烃,如直链烷烃或支链烷烃;(2)含有单个或多个双键的烯烃基或烯烃烷基;(3)饱和或不饱和环烷烃,环烷烃基优选为五元或六元环;(4)含有芳香结构的烷基芳基或芳基烷基,例如烷基取代的苯基、烷基取代的稠环芳基,或苯基、稠环芳基烷基。
作为优选,式1中,R为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
所述的R优选为C1~C17的烷烃基,例如C1~C17的直链烷基,或者C1~C17的支链烷基。
进一步优选,式1中,R为C1~C17的直链烷烃基。
例如,R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一基、正十二基、正十三基、正十四基、正十五基、正十六基或正十七基。
作为优选,式1中,R为C10~C17单烯烃基。
所述的C10~C17单烯烃基中,可以为烷基烯烃基(不饱和双键碳直接和噻二唑环上的碳连接)或者烯烃烷基(不饱和双键碳通过饱和碳和噻二唑环连接)。例如,R为1-壬烯基或3-烯壬基。
作为优选,R为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
所述的R还可选自式2结构的基团。式2中,R2基团的选取范围和R相同。
作为优选,式2中,R2为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
进一步优选,所述的R2为C1~C17的直链烷烃基或C10~C17单烯烃基。
作为优选,式2中,R1为亚乙基。
进一步优选,式2中,R1为亚乙基;R2为C1~C17的直链烷烃基或C10~C17单烯烃基。
作为优选,式2中,R2为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
本发明中,所述的应用方法,将所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物作为浮选捕收剂和含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物的矿浆接触,达到高效回收铜、银、金等贵金属的目的。
作为本发明的优选方案,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物至少一种的矿石经粉碎、调浆后得矿浆;
步骤(2):向所述的步骤(1)矿浆中投加浮选药剂进行浮选,收集得到浮选精矿;所述的浮选药剂包含所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂。
步骤(1)中,对矿石的粉碎采用现有技术。例如,步骤(1)中,所述的矿石先经颚式破碎机、细碎机破碎,随后再经球磨机粉磨。
作为优选,步骤(2)中,所述的浮选药剂还可以包含起泡剂和/或调节剂等浮选物料。
矿石浆料经调整pH后得到矿浆,本发明中,优选控制矿浆的pH为5-13;进一步优选6-11。
作为优选,步骤(1)中,以所述的矿石重量为基准,所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的投加量为10-500g/t。进一步优选为40-100g/t。
本发明的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物可通过相应的有机酰胺基二硫代氨基甲酸盐在浓硫酸存在下低温(<5℃)环合反应制得。
本发明提供的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂可提升浮选指标,改善金属矿物的浮选回收。对一个已有百余年发展史的矿物加工学科,每提高浮选回收率一个百分点,都是巨大的进步,对全球矿业能产生上百亿的经济价值。
本发明的有益效果:本发明首次将1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物应用于矿物中的有价金属浮选捕收,特别适用于含铜、银或金矿物的矿石中有价金属的富集和回收,相对于现有的常用捕收剂能提高有价金属回收率。
附图说明
图1为实施例3所述的5-苯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮1H NMR图;
图2为实施例5所述的5-庚基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮1H NMR图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容,而不是对本发明的保护范围的限定。
实施例中所有的份数和百分数除另有规定外均指质量。实施例中对矿物的浮选捕收过程都是常规过程,只是采用本发明的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物替换常规捕收剂。
以下实施例的各浮选药剂的投加重量单位为g/t,除没有特别限定外,均以矿石重量(t)为基准。
实施例1
在5-己基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮浓度为1×10-5mol/L,矿浆pH为9.0附近,起泡剂甲基异丁基甲醇(MIBC)的浓度为15mg/L,N2气流速为200mL/min,对粒径为-0.076mm~+0.038mm的黄铜矿浮选3分钟,此时黄铜矿的浮选回收率达到96.7%。
实施例2
在5-己醇聚乙烯(2)醚甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮浓度为1×10-4mol/L,矿浆pH为9.0,起泡剂MIBC的浓度为15mg/L,N2气流速为200mL/min,对粒径为-0.076mm~+0.038mm的孔雀石浮选3分钟,此时孔雀石的浮选回收率为96.4%。
实施例3
云南东川某硫化-氧化铜矿样,原矿含Cu 0.63%,其氧化率为26.5%。试验流程:一次粗选一次扫选。磨矿细度:-0.074mm占90%;药剂条件:粗选硫化钠300克/吨(矿浆的pH7.5),扫选硫化钠800克/吨(矿浆的pH8.0),其余药剂条件及其结果见表1。表1的试验结果表明,5-烃基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂取得了比丁黄药更高的铜回收率(扫选精矿)。
表1 5-烃基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮浮选云南东川硫化-氧化铜矿条件及其结果
实施例4
西藏昌都某氧化-硫化铜矿样,原矿含Cu 3.9%,其氧化率为69.4%,主要的氧化铜矿物为孔雀石与蓝铜矿。试验流程:一次粗选一次扫选。磨矿细度:-0.074mm占80%;药剂条件:粗选硫化钠3000克/吨(矿浆的pH8.5),扫选硫化钠1000克/吨(矿浆的pH9.0),其余药剂条件及其结果见表2。表2的试验结果表明,5-烃基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂取得了比异戊基黄药以及异戊基黄药+辛基羟肟酸更高的铜回收率(扫选精矿)。
表2 西藏昌都氧化-硫化铜矿条件及其结果
实施例5
江西上饶某斑岩铜矿石矿样,原矿含铜0.39%,含硫1.85%,含金0.21g/t,含银1.18g/t。试验流程:一次粗选;磨矿细度:-0.074mm占68%;药剂条件:石灰用量800克/吨,矿浆pH值为8.5,其余药剂条件及其结果见表3。表3的试验结果表明,本发明的5-庚基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮+丁黄药组合捕收剂取得比常用捕收剂丁黄药以及3-己基-4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫酮+丁黄药更高的铜、金、银浮选回收率与品位(粗精矿)。
表3 江西上饶斑岩铜矿条件及其结果
*单位g/t
综上,采用所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物作为捕收剂能有效提高含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物的至少一种矿石中有价金属的富集和回收效率。
Claims (10)
1.一种1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,将具有式1结构的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类化合物的浮选捕收剂应用于含铜矿物、银矿物或金矿物的至少一种矿石中浮选回收有价金属;
其中,式1中,R为C1~C17的烃基、或者为具有式2结构的烷氧醚基;
式2中,R1为亚乙基或亚丙基,n为1~3的整数,R2为C1~C17的烃基。
2.如权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,式1中,R为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
3.如权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,式1中,R为C1~C17的直链烷烃基;或者为C10~C17单烯烃基。
4.如权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
5.如权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R2为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
6.如权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,式2中,R1为亚乙基。
7.如权利要求1或6所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R2为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物至少一种的矿石经粉碎、调浆后得矿浆;
步骤(2):向所述的步骤(1)矿浆中投加浮选药剂进行浮选,收集得到浮选精矿;所述的浮选药剂包含所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂。
9.如权利要求8所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的矿浆的pH为5-13。
10.如权利要求8所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,以所述的矿石重量为基准,所述的1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的投加量为10-500g/t。
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