CN106421572A - 一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂及其制备方法,该制剂由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回、小果博落回、松针、辣蓼、苦参、杠柳、槟榔、银杏外种皮、云南重楼、千金子、木鳖子、阿魏、补骨脂、巴豆、天南星、牵牛子、茶粕、大戟、仙鹤草、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、萹蓄、直立百部、黄花烟草、β‑环糊精。本发明的中药制剂采用多种中草药,来源广泛,具有攻积杀虫之效,药物无残留,无副作用,对各种畜禽原虫病、寄生虫病均具有较好的治疗效果和预防效果,尤其适用于泰勒虫病的治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制药工程技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国是畜牧业生产大国,猪、牛、羊、禽饲养量位居世界第一,牛的饲养量仅次于印度。近几年来,对传播快,死亡率高的烈性疫病,尤其对危及人类健康及生命安全的畜禽疫病的监测、防治技术研究和体系方面建设均加大了投入,成效显著。相比之下,处于隐形感染,同样对人类健康和生命安全有危害的动物原虫病和寄生虫病的防治新药研究远远落后于市场的需求,特别是兽用类治疗原虫病和寄生虫病的药物更是缺乏。
泰勒虫病由泰勒科(Theileriidae)泰勒属(Theileria)的原虫所引起的一种梨形虫病。以侵袭牛、羊、骆驼和其他野生动物的网状内皮系统细胞和红细胞为特征。流行于中国西北、东北、华北等地,对牛的危害最大。感染症状主要表现高烧、贫血、消瘦和体表淋巴结肿胀。病牛还可见前胃弛缓,排粪异常;病羊往往出现四肢僵硬,步态不稳。疾病的早期可用磷酸伯氨喹啉、贝尼尔和阿卡普林治疗。但是所用药物副作用较大,而且长期使用容易产生耐药性。可见,治疗本病尚无理想特效药物。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的上述缺陷,提供一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂及其制备方法。本发明的中药制剂采用多种中草药,来源广泛,治愈率高,具有攻积杀虫之效,药物无残留,无副作用,对各种畜禽原虫病、寄生虫病均具有较好的治疗效果和预防效果,尤其适用于泰勒虫病的治疗。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回1-4份、小果博落回0.5-3份、松针2-3.5份、辣蓼1.5-4份、苦参3-4份、杠柳1-4份、槟榔2-3份、银杏外种皮3-5份、云南重楼1-3份、千金子1.5-3.5份、木鳖子1-3.5份、阿魏4-6份、补骨脂1-5份、巴豆0.5-2.5份、天南星1.5-2.5份、牵牛子0.5-4.5份、茶粕3-5份、大戟0.5-3份、仙鹤草1-3份、藁本2-6份、青蒿2.5-4.5份、葫芦巴3-6份、萹蓄2-3份、直立百部3-5份、黄花烟草1-3份、β-环糊精5-8份。
优选地,所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回2-3份、小果博落回0.5-2.5份、松针2.5-3份、辣蓼2.5-3.5份、苦参3.5-4份、杠柳1.5-3.5份、槟榔2.5-3份、银杏外种皮4-5份、云南重楼1.5-2.5份、千金子2.5-3份、木鳖子1.5-2.5份、阿魏5-5.5份、补骨脂3.5-5份、巴豆1.5-2份、天南星1.5-2份、牵牛子0.5-2.5份、茶粕3.5-4.5份、大戟1.5-2份、仙鹤草1.5-2.5份、藁本4-6份、青蒿3-4.5份、葫芦巴4.5-6份、萹蓄2.5-3份、直立百部3.5-5份、黄花烟草1.5-2.5份、β-环糊精6-8份。
优选地,所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回2.8份、小果博落回1.5份、松针2.6份、辣蓼2.7份、苦参3.9份、杠柳3份、槟榔2.6份、银杏外种皮4.5份、云南重楼2份、千金子2.5份、木鳖子2.2份、阿魏5.3份、补骨脂4.8份、巴豆1.8份、天南星1.6份、牵牛子1.5份、茶粕3.8份、大戟1.5份、仙鹤草1.8份、藁本4.5份、青蒿3.7份、葫芦巴5.3份、萹蓄2.6份、直立百部4.5份、黄花烟草1.5份、β-环糊精7.5份。
本发明还提供一种如上述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取配方量的博落回、小果博落回、松针、辣蓼、杠柳、槟榔、云南重楼、千金子、木鳖子、巴豆、天南星、牵牛子、大戟、仙鹤草、萹蓄、黄花烟草,粉碎至50-100目,加入8倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸3-5小时,放冷,离心机750-900r/min离心5-8min,滤过,滤渣再次加热煮沸2-4小时,离心机750-900r/min离心3-6min,滤过,滤渣加入4-6倍量浓度为70-85%的乙醇,回流提取2-4小时,离心机450-700r/min离心5-8min,滤过,反复2-3次,合并以上所有滤液,减压回收乙醇,经薄膜蒸发浓缩至相对密度为0.75-0.98的液体,得到提取液,待用;
(2)分别取配方量的苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部进行粉碎,得到粉体,备用;
(3)取配方量的阿魏加入温水融化,待用;
(4)取步骤(2)的粉体少量多次加入至步骤(1)得到的提取液,用搅拌桨缓慢匀速搅拌,搅拌40-45min后成桨料,然后向浆料内少量多次加入步骤(3)的阿魏液,继续搅拌,搅拌混合后置沸腾制粒罐中,混合20min;另取称量好的β—环糊精制成糊精浆,开启制粒机,进行β—环糊精包合制粒,即为成品。
优选地,所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,所述苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部均粉碎成超细粉。
优选地,所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,所述苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部平均粒径均在300目以上。
实施本发明的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂及其制备方法,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明的中药制剂采用多种中草药,来源广泛,治愈率高,具有攻积杀虫之效,药物无残留,无副作用,对各种畜禽原虫病、寄生虫病均具有较好的治疗效果和预防效果,尤其适用于泰勒虫病的治疗;因发明制剂中存在多成分的驱虫成分,其多靶点、多种有效成分、多种作用途径等特点不易使虫株产生耐药性,可达到彻底清除体内外原虫、寄生虫的目的。解决了由于抗寄生虫西药的超量滥用、单一应用等造成了耐药虫株的流行,传统的西药已经不能对体内寄生虫进行完全清除的技术难题。
(2)本发明的制备工艺简单,适用范围广,大部分药物虽然是有毒药物,但是本发明通过长时间反复煎煮,可以降低有毒药物的毒性成分的含量,通过采用提取有效成分的方式缩小服用剂量;另外,部分药材超微粉碎后最大限度破坏植物细胞壁,解决了传统药散剂粗纤维含量高、有效成分难以溶出的不足,更易于动物的吸收。阿魏先溶解成液体,然后混入至其他药材中,能够完整地保留阿魏的有效成分。最后,本发明还利用β—环糊精对药物进行包被,β—环糊精则可以作为保护性材料阻止内层药物有效成分降解,包合后的药物颗粒具有缓控释的特性,有效的延缓药物有效成分释放时间,提高了药物的稳定性,促进药物与生物膜的接触,增加药物的吸收。与传统给药方式相比,具有生物利用度高,毒副作用低的特点,孕畜及体弱者均可进行使用。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述:
在本发明中,若非特指,所有的份、百分比均为重量单位,所采用的设备和原料等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回1-4份、小果博落回0.5-3份、松针2-3.5份、辣蓼1.5-4份、苦参3-4份、杠柳1-4份、槟榔2-3份、银杏外种皮3-5份、云南重楼1-3份、千金子1.5-3.5份、木鳖子1-3.5份、阿魏4-6份、补骨脂1-5份、巴豆0.5-2.5份、天南星1.5-2.5份、牵牛子0.5-4.5份、茶粕3-5份、大戟0.5-3份、仙鹤草1-3份、藁本2-6份、青蒿2.5-4.5份、葫芦巴3-6份、萹蓄2-3份、直立百部3-5份、黄花烟草1-3份、β-环糊精5-8份。
该中药制剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取配方量的博落回、小果博落回、松针、辣蓼、杠柳、槟榔、云南重楼、千金子、木鳖子、巴豆、天南星、牵牛子、大戟、仙鹤草、萹蓄、黄花烟草,粉碎至50-100目,加入8倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸3-5小时,放冷,离心机750-900r/min离心5-8min,滤过,滤渣再次加热煮沸2-4小时,离心机750-900r/min离心3-6min,滤过,滤渣加入4-6倍量浓度为70-85%的乙醇,回流提取2-4小时,离心机450-700r/min离心5-8min,滤过,反复2-3次,合并以上所有滤液,减压回收乙醇,经薄膜蒸发浓缩至相对密度为0.75-0.98的液体,得到提取液,待用;
(2)分别取配方量的苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部进行粉碎,得到粉体,备用;所述苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部均粉碎成超细粉,平均粒径均在300目以上。
(3)取配方量的阿魏加入温水融化,待用;
(4)取步骤(2)的粉体少量多次加入至步骤(1)得到的提取液,用搅拌桨缓慢匀速搅拌,搅拌40-45min后成桨料,然后向浆料内少量多次加入步骤(3)的阿魏液,继续搅拌,搅拌混合后置沸腾制粒罐中,混合20min;另取称量好的β—环糊精制成糊精浆,开启制粒机,进行β—环糊精包合制粒,即为成品。
组份中各原料的药理药效简介如下:
博落回,为罂粟科植物博落回Macleaya cordata(Willd.)R.Br.的带根全草。性味辛苦,温,有毒。具有消肿,解毒,杀虫的功效。主治指疔,脓肿,急性扁桃体炎,中耳炎,滴虫性阴道炎,下肢溃疡,烫伤,顽癣。
小果博落回,为罂粟科植物小果博落回Macleaya microcarpa(Maxim.)Fedde的全草。性味味苦,性寒;有毒。具有杀虫,祛风解毒,散瘀消肿的功效。用于跌打损伤、风湿关节痛、痈疔肿毒、下肢溃疡、阴道滴虫、湿疹、烧烫伤,并可杀蛆虫。
松针,为松科松属植物中的西伯利亚红松、黑松、油松、红松、华山松、云南松、思茅松、马尾松等的针叶。性味苦、涩,温。具有祛风活血,明目,安神,解毒,止痒,除口臭,去口干舌燥,治便秘的功效。用于流行性感冒,风湿关节痛,跌打肿痛,夜盲症,高血压病,神经衰弱;外用治冻疮。
辣蓼,为蓼科蓼属植物水蓼Polygonum hydropiper L.的全草。性味味辛,性温。具有祛风利湿,散瘀止痛,解毒消肿,杀虫止痒之功效。常用于痢疾,胃肠炎,腹泻,风湿关节痛,跌打肿痛,功能性子宫出血等病症的治疗;外用于毒蛇咬伤,皮肤湿疹。
苦参,为豆科植物苦参的干燥根。性味苦,寒。具有清热燥湿,杀虫,利尿之功。用于热痢,便血,黄疸尿闭,赤白带下,阴肿阴痒,湿疹,湿疮,皮肤瘙痒,疥癣麻风,外治滴虫性阴道炎。
杠柳,为萝摩科杠柳属落叶蔓性灌木。具有祛风湿,壮筋骨的功效。主治风湿性关节炎;小儿筋骨软弱,脚痿行迟;水肿小便不利。
槟榔,为棕榈科槟榔属植物槟榔Areca catechu L.的干燥种子。味苦;辛;性温。驱虫;消积;下气;具有行水;截疟。主治虫积;食滞;脘腹胀痛;泻痢后重;脚气;水肿;疟疾。用于绦虫、蛔虫、姜片虫病,虫积腹痛,积滞泻痢,里急后重,水肿脚气,疟疾。
银杏外种皮,为银杏科、银杏属植物银杏Ginkgo biloba L.的果实外种皮。性平,味甘苦涩。具有敛肺气、定喘嗽、止带浊、缩小便的功用。可治哮喘、痰嗽、白带、白浊、遗精、淋病、小便频数等病。
云南重楼,为百合科植物云南重楼Paris yunnanensis Franch.的根茎。性味苦,微寒;有小毒。具有清热解毒,消肿止痛,凉肝定惊。用于疔肿痈肿、咽喉肿痛、毒蛇咬伤、跌仆伤痛、惊风抽搐。具有止血、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、细胞毒、抗炎、心血管、抗菌抑菌、镇静镇痛等作用。
千金子,为大戟科植物续随子Euphorbia lathyris L.的干燥成熟种子。具有泻下逐水,破血消癥之功效,外用具有疗癣蚀疣之功效。常用于二便不通,水肿,痰饮,积滞胀满,血瘀经闭;外治顽癣,赘疣等病症的治疗。
木鳖子,葫芦科植物木鳖子Momordica cochinchinensis(Lour.)Spreng.的干燥种子。性味苦、微甘,凉;有毒。具有散结消肿,攻毒疗疮的功效。用于疮疡肿毒,乳痈,瘰疠,痔漏,干癣,秃疮。
阿魏,为伞形科植物新疆阿魏Ferula sinkiangensisK.M.Shen或阜康阿魏Ferulafukanensis K.M.Shen的树脂。性味苦、辛,温。具有消积,化瘕,散痞,杀虫的功效。用于肉食积滞,瘀血瘾瘕,腹中痞块,虫积腹痛。
补骨脂,为豆科植物补骨脂Psoralea corylifolia Linn.的干燥果实。性味苦、辛、温。具有补肾壮阳,固精缩尿的功效。用于肾虚腰痛,小便频数,小儿遗尿,肾漏,温脾止泻,纳气平喘。
巴豆,为大戟科巴豆属植物巴豆树Croton tiglium的干燥成熟果实。性热,味辛,功能破积、逐水、涌吐痰涎,有助于治寒结便秘、腹水肿胀、寒邪食积所致的胸腹胀满急痛、大便不通、泄泻痢疾、水肿腹大、痰饮喘满、喉风喉痹、痈疽、恶疮疥癣。
天南星,为天南星科植物天南星Arisaema heterophyllum Blume的球状块茎。性味苦、辛,温。有毒。能解毒消肿、祛风定惊、化痰散结。主治面神经麻痹、半身不遂、小儿惊风、破伤风、癫癎。外用治疗疮肿毒、毒蛇咬伤、灭蝇蛆。
牵牛子,为旋花科植物牵牛Pharbitisnil(L.)Choisy.圆叶牵牛Pharbitispurpurea(L.)Voigt的种子。性寒,味苦;有毒。具有泻水通便,消痰涤饮,杀虫攻积的功效。用于水肿胀满,二便不通,痰饮积聚,气逆喘咳,虫积腹痛,蛔虫、绦虫病。
茶粕,是油茶籽经榨油后的渣饼,有效成分是皂角甙素,也是一种植物源农药。对害虫有很好的胃毒和触杀作用,可广泛在蔬菜、水稻、果树、茶叶、花卉等作物上使用,防治蜗牛、田螺、蚂蟥、稻飞虱、稻叶蝉、红薯小象甲等害虫。无污染、无残毒、耐贮耐用,药效长久。
大戟,为大戟科植物大戟Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.的根。性味苦,性寒,有毒。入肺、脾、肾经。主治水肿胀满、痰饮积聚、痈肿疔毒、二便不通。也可用于痰饮积聚,胸膈胀满,胁肋隐痛。消肿散结可用于痈肿疮毒及痰火瘰疠,内服外用均可。
仙鹤草,为蔷薇科植物龙芽草Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.的地上部分。性味苦凉。具有收敛止血,截疟,止痢,解毒的功效。用于咳血、吐血、治流鼻血有特效、疟疾、脱力劳伤、痈肿。
藁本,为伞形科植物藁本Ligusticum sinense Oliv.或辽藁本Ligusticumjeholense Nakai et Kitag.的干燥根茎和根。味辛,性温。具有祛风散寒,除湿止痛的功效。用于风寒表证,巅顶疼痛,风湿痹痛。
青蒿,为菊科植物青蒿Artemisia annua L.的干燥地上部分。性味苦,辛,寒。具有清透虚热,凉血除蒸,解暑,截疟的功效。用于暑邪发热,阴虚发热,夜热早凉,骨蒸劳热,疟疾寒热,湿热黄疸。
葫芦巴,为豆科植物葫芦巴Common Fenugreek Seed的干燥成熟种子。具有补肾阳,祛寒湿的功效。治寒疝,腹胁胀满,寒湿脚气,肾虚腰酸,阳痿。
萹蓄,为蓼科植物萹蓄Polygonum aviculare L.的干燥地上部分。性味苦,微寒。具有利尿通淋,杀虫,止痒的功效。用于膀胱热淋,小便短赤,淋沥涩痛,皮肤湿疹,阴痒带下。
直立百部,为百合科植物直立百部的块茎。性微温,味甘、苦。具有润肺下气止咳,杀虫的功效。用于新久咳嗽、肺劳咳嗽、百日咳;外用于头虱、体虱、蜕虫病、阴痒症。
黄花烟草,为双子叶植物药茄科植物黄花烟草的全草。性味苦,平,有毒。具有行气,解毒,止血,杀虫的功效。用于疔疮肿毒,头癣。
实施例1 一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂
其由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:
博落回2.8份、小果博落回1.5份、松针2.6份、辣蓼2.7份、苦参3.9份、杠柳3份、槟榔2.6份、银杏外种皮4.5份、云南重楼2份、千金子2.5份、木鳖子2.2份、阿魏5.3份、补骨脂4.8份、巴豆1.8份、天南星1.6份、牵牛子1.5份、茶粕3.8份、大戟1.5份、仙鹤草1.8份、藁本4.5份、青蒿3.7份、葫芦巴5.3份、萹蓄2.6份、直立百部4.5份、黄花烟草1.5份、β-环糊精7.5份。
制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取配方量的博落回、小果博落回、松针、辣蓼、杠柳、槟榔、云南重楼、千金子、木鳖子、巴豆、天南星、牵牛子、大戟、仙鹤草、萹蓄、黄花烟草,粉碎至50-100目,加入8倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸3-5小时,放冷,离心机750-900r/min离心5-8min,滤过,滤渣再次加热煮沸2-4小时,离心机750-900r/min离心3-6min,滤过,滤渣加入4-6倍量浓度为70-85%的乙醇,回流提取2-4小时,离心机450-700r/min离心5-8min,滤过,反复2-3次,合并以上所有滤液,减压回收乙醇,经薄膜蒸发浓缩至相对密度为0.75-0.98的液体,得到提取液,待用;
(2)分别取配方量的苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部进行粉碎,得到粉体,备用;
(3)取配方量的阿魏加入温水融化,待用;
(4)取步骤(2)的粉体少量多次加入至步骤(1)得到的提取液,用搅拌桨缓慢匀速搅拌,搅拌40-45min后成桨料,然后向浆料内少量多次加入步骤(3)的阿魏液,继续搅拌,搅拌混合后置沸腾制粒罐中,混合20min;另取称量好的β—环糊精制成糊精浆,开启制粒机,进行β—环糊精包合制粒,即为成品。
实施例2 一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂
分别按下述的配比秤取原料,按照实施例1中的步骤进行制备,不同之处在于所添加的原料配比不同,制备产品:
实施例2的原料配比:
博落回1份、小果博落回0.5份、松针2份、辣蓼1.5份、苦参3份、杠柳1份、槟榔2份、银杏外种皮3份、云南重楼1份、千金子1.5份、木鳖子1份、阿魏4份、补骨脂1份、巴豆0.5份、天南星1.5份、牵牛子0.5份、茶粕3份、大戟0.5份、仙鹤草1份、藁本2份、青蒿2.5份、葫芦巴3份、萹蓄2份、直立百部3份、黄花烟草1份、β-环糊精5份。
实施例3 一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂
分别按下述的配比秤取原料,按照实施例1中的步骤进行制备,不同之处在于所添加的原料配比不同,制备产品:
实施例3的原料配比:
博落回4份、小果博落回3份、松针3.5份、辣蓼4份、苦参4份、杠柳4份、槟榔3份、银杏外种皮5份、云南重楼3份、千金子3.5份、木鳖子3.5份、阿魏6份、补骨脂5份、巴豆2.5份、天南星2.5份、牵牛子4.5份、茶粕5份、大戟3份、仙鹤草3份、藁本6份、青蒿4.5份、葫芦巴6份、萹蓄3份、直立百部5份、黄花烟草3份、β-环糊精8份。
对比实施例1 临床治疗泰勒虫病常用药,贝尼尔(按7-10毫克/千克量用,以灭菌蒸馏水配成7%液)
对比实施例2 一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂
本对比实施例2采用实施例1的配方,其制备方法与实施例1不同,为采用常规的煎煮法,即将配方量的所有药材加入8倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸2小时,浓缩过滤,即得。
急性毒性试验:
应用NIH小鼠120只,SPF级,雌雄各半,体重18-22g,进行急性毒性实验。小鼠随机分为三组,即对照组、给药组1(本发明实施例1的中药制剂,浓度为3.24g中药制剂/ml,最高浓度)、给药组2(本发明实施例2的中药制剂,浓度为3.24g中药制剂/ml,最高浓度)、给药组3(本发明实施例3的中药制剂,浓度为3.24g中药制剂/ml,最高浓度),实验前禁食12小时。给药组1-3分别将本发明实施例1-3制备的中药制剂溶解在蒸馏水中对小鼠灌胃,灌胃容积为5ml/kg(即单次给药剂量为16.2g生药/kg),对照组给等量的生理盐水,1天给药2次,给药间隔6小时,给药后连续观察14天,并记录小鼠的毒性反应及死亡数。实验结果表明:与对照组相比,给药后小鼠未见明显差异,试验连续观察14天,小鼠全身状况、摄食、饮水、体重增长均正常。因此本发明的中药制剂急性毒性低,临床用药安全。
临床试验:
本发明的中药制剂无毒性,使用方便,可直接灌服或者添加到饲料中使用,下面,取实施例1-3制得的中药组合物、对比实施例1进行效果验证,结果见表1。
在泰勒虫病在流行的牧区,随机选取100头以1-3岁的发病牛,发病牛的均有如下症状:体温升高,呈稽留热型,保持在39.5-41.8度。病牛精神不振,食欲减退,此时血液中发现虫体。将80头患有泰勒虫病的牛随机分成五组,每组20只,然后将实施例1-3制得的中药制剂、对比实施例1的国产贝尼尔以及对比实施例2的中药制剂分别发给五组患有泰勒虫病的发病牛使用,服用方法为将本发明的中药制剂按每公斤体重0.4g中药制剂直接灌服或者拌到饲料中喂养动物,连续服用10天。
诊断标准:
(1)体温升高,呈稽留热型,保持在39.5-41.8度;
(2)病牛精神不振,食欲减退;
(3)血液中发现泰勒虫虫体。
具备以上三项即可诊断为患有泰勒虫病在。
疗效标准拟定如下:
临床痊愈:临床症状、体征消失或基本消失;
显效:临床症状、体征明显改变;
有效:临床症状、体征均有好转;
无效:临床症状、体征均无明显改善。
表 实施例1-3及对比实施例的治疗结果
组别 | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
实施例1 | 6 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 95% |
实施例2 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 80% |
实施例3 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 75% |
对比例1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 70% |
对比例2 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 65% |
由上表中数据可以看出,患有泰勒虫病的病牛服用本发明实施例1-3的中药制剂后,治疗效果显示,本发明的治疗泰勒虫病的总有效率75%以上,且治疗效果较临床常用西药贝尼尔好,尤其是实施例1中的总有效率可达95%,具有显著的有效性。
另外,对比实施例2与实施例1的差异在于制备方法不同,采用简单常规的煎煮法,并没有如实施例1的制备方法中,先将药材分成三部分,第一部分含有大量有毒性的药物,采用长时间煎煮去毒,并进行有效提纯浓缩,第二部分进行超细粉粉碎以使其有效吸收,第三部分的阿魏树脂进行溶化后加入其他药物中。这些提取方法的差异,使得对比实施例2的治疗效果比实施例1的治疗效果要差,还出现动物死亡现象,说明本发明的提取方法具有优异的减毒增效的作用,在很大程度上避免和抑制了某些药物的毒副作用,使治疗药物发挥最大的疗效。
对本领域的技术人员来说,可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思,做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变,而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回1-4份、小果博落回0.5-3份、松针2-3.5份、辣蓼1.5-4份、苦参3-4份、杠柳1-4份、槟榔2-3份、银杏外种皮3-5份、云南重楼1-3份、千金子1.5-3.5份、木鳖子1-3.5份、阿魏4-6份、补骨脂1-5份、巴豆0.5-2.5份、天南星1.5-2.5份、牵牛子0.5-4.5份、茶粕3-5份、大戟0.5-3份、仙鹤草1-3份、藁本2-6份、青蒿2.5-4.5份、葫芦巴3-6份、萹蓄2-3份、直立百部3-5份、黄花烟草1-3份、β-环糊精5-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回2-3份、小果博落回0.5-2.5份、松针2.5-3份、辣蓼2.5-3.5份、苦参3.5-4份、杠柳1.5-3.5份、槟榔2.5-3份、银杏外种皮4-5份、云南重楼1.5-2.5份、千金子2.5-3份、木鳖子1.5-2.5份、阿魏5-5.5份、补骨脂3.5-5份、巴豆1.5-2份、天南星1.5-2份、牵牛子0.5-2.5份、茶粕3.5-4.5份、大戟1.5-2份、仙鹤草1.5-2.5份、藁本4-6份、青蒿3-4.5份、葫芦巴4.5-6份、萹蓄2.5-3份、直立百部3.5-5份、黄花烟草1.5-2.5份、β-环糊精6-8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份数的组分制备而成:博落回2.8份、小果博落回1.5份、松针2.6份、辣蓼2.7份、苦参3.9份、杠柳3份、槟榔2.6份、银杏外种皮4.5份、云南重楼2份、千金子2.5份、木鳖子2.2份、阿魏5.3份、补骨脂4.8份、巴豆1.8份、天南星1.6份、牵牛子1.5份、茶粕3.8份、大戟1.5份、仙鹤草1.8份、藁本4.5份、青蒿3.7份、葫芦巴5.3份、萹蓄2.6份、直立百部4.5份、黄花烟草1.5份、β-环糊精7.5份。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一项所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)取配方量的博落回、小果博落回、松针、辣蓼、杠柳、槟榔、云南重楼、千金子、木鳖子、巴豆、天南星、牵牛子、大戟、仙鹤草、萹蓄、黄花烟草,粉碎至50-100目,加入8倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸3-5小时,放冷,离心机750-900r/min离心5-8min,滤过,滤渣再次加热煮沸2-4小时,离心机750-900r/min离心3-6min,滤过,滤渣加入4-6倍量浓度为70-85%的乙醇,回流提取2-4小时,离心机450-700 r/min离心5-8min,滤过,反复2-3次,合并以上所有滤液,减压回收乙醇,经薄膜蒸发浓缩至相对密度为0.75-0.98的液体,得到提取液,待用;
(2)分别取配方量的苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部进行粉碎,得到粉体,备用;
(3)取配方量的阿魏加入温水融化,待用;
(4)取步骤(2)的粉体少量多次加入至步骤(1)得到的提取液,用搅拌桨缓慢匀速搅拌,搅拌40-45min后成桨料,然后向浆料内少量多次加入步骤(3)的阿魏液,继续搅拌,搅拌混合后置沸腾制粒罐中,混合20min;另取称量好的β—环糊精制成糊精浆,开启制粒机,进行β—环糊精包合制粒,即为成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部均粉碎成超细粉。
6.根据权利要求4所述的治疗动物泰勒虫病的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述苦参、银杏外种皮、补骨脂、茶粕、藁本、青蒿、葫芦巴、直立百部平均粒径均在300 目以上。
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CN116898919A (zh) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-10-20 | 宁波科瑞特动物药业有限公司 | 一种兽用驱虫药物及其制备方法 |
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