CN106416681A - Methods for dyeing and culturing butterfly orchids - Google Patents
Methods for dyeing and culturing butterfly orchids Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416681A CN106416681A CN201610811328.0A CN201610811328A CN106416681A CN 106416681 A CN106416681 A CN 106416681A CN 201610811328 A CN201610811328 A CN 201610811328A CN 106416681 A CN106416681 A CN 106416681A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for dyeing and culturing butterfly orchids. The dyeing method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting butterfly orchids with flowers; (2) providing a dye solution; and (3) infusing the dye solution into peduncles by virtue of pressurized infusion, thereby changing the color of petals. The invention also relates to a method for culturing the butterfly orchids with a target color, and the method adopts the butterfly orchid dyeing method provided by the invention to dye the butterfly orchids. The methods provided by the invention have the advantages of being simple and easy to carry out, small in injury or damage to the peduncles, good in dyeing effect, symmetrical and uniform in coloring, avoiding fading, having no influence on a blooming period basically, and keeping the petals in a perfect condition, and the like, and the inflorescence is complete, thereby increasing color expressive force and ornamental values of the butterfly orchids, and having a very high commercial value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iris cultivation field is and in particular to iris colouring method.
Background technology
Iris originates in tropical and subtropical region, flower pattern such as butterfly, and attitude is graceful, has the good reputation of " cattleya queen ", is
The most salable high-grade pot flowers that are in great demand, are also China flowers of the most salable lunar New Year in the world.
There are a lot of researchs at present to iris, but these researchs have all concentrated on the cultivation of iris substantially
On, the method for such as tissue cultures, the tissue culture medium (TCM) being used, the environmental condition of culture, the flower induction prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, guarantor
Fresh and breeding upper (for example, see CN201510307605.X, CN201310668438.2, CN201410679032.9,
CN201310379176.8, CN201310664054.3), but few with the achievement in research of the pattern of iris, even if natural
Common butterfly orchid tint in boundary is redness, pink colour, white, yellow, and color is relatively single, lacks royal purple colour system, green system etc.
Kind.
Once someone carried out research, such as CN200910054298.3 using molecular biology method to butterfly orchid tint
Disclose a kind of nucleotide coding sequence of B race gene PhAP3 gene of expression in iris and its application, this invention is permissible
For molecular breeding, the transfer-gen plant perianth healing of the polynucleotides containing the present invention is complete, inflorescence is more, calyx is less,
Indivedual plant plant heights are higher, thus improve its sight.However, change cost and the skill of pattern through means such as genetic engineerings
Art difficulty is very high, cycle length, practicality are low.In addition, though it is it has been proposed that logical by being inserted into Fresh Cutting flower in dye solution
Cross the method absorbing dyeing and petal being dyeed from cut-flower stem end, but this method needs by making the moisture of Fresh Cutting flower
Transpiration, thus make dyeing be attracted to petal sections using transpiration pull and capillarity, this method is to iris
For Fresh Cutting flower and inapplicable, the scape matter capillary trend degree of mainly iris relatively low it is not easy to effectively pass through capillary
Dye solution is attracted to petal from stem end by pipe effect, and on the other hand, iris is a kind of rare flower, very tender and lovely, capillary
The iris scape of pipe low degree needs to significantly improve moisture transpiration speed and dye solution could be attracted to petal sections, and
Moisture transpiration is overrun and is easily lead to the petal irreversible wilting of generation, thus shortening viewing and admiring the life-span of iris cut-flower, reduces
Its ornamental value.Additionally, iris cut-flower simply accounts for a part for iris product, in view of the famous and precious and tender and lovely spy of iris
Property, significant percentage of iris product be mainly presented in potted flower, and the iris for this form of potted flower and
Speech, cannot be dyeed by absorbing dyestuff from stem end.
In iris dyeing course, dyestuff is difficult to be injected into bennet, damages the excessive easy impact florescent of bennet area.
At present, how to change a pattern always technical barrier for iris, be therefore highly desirable to provide a kind of simple, practical
The method changing butterfly orchid tint.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is research iris potted flower complete inflorescence staining technique, enriches the color of existing butterfly orchid variety
Coloured silk, makes iris petal assume the non-natural color such as blueness, golden yellow, purple, green, and fully meet that people are on the lookout for what is novel hunts
The very psychology and particular design collocation needs to different color flower, the large-scale production for visitain iris provides theory to refer to
Lead and technical support.
The present invention in order to change the color of iris petal, thus further improve iris ornamental value, by
On the basis of original pattern (preferably single pattern, such as white, yellow etc.), petal presents blueness, golden yellow,
More color such as purple, green, thus provide the simple and effective method changing butterfly orchid tint.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of iris colouring method, methods described comprises the steps：
(1) choose the iris with flower；
(2) provide dye solution；With
(3) by pressurization infusion, dye solution is infused in bennet, thus changing the color of petal.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of method that cultivation has the iris of color of object, methods described
Dyeed using the iris colouring method described in first aspect present invention.
Second aspect present invention some more specifically in embodiment, methods described comprises the steps：
A () selects pure color butterfly orchid variety；
B described butterfly orchid variety is cultivated into the iris potted flower of healthy mature by ()；
C () carries out flower forcing and moulding to described iris potted flower；
D (), when first petal starts open, will be filled by the dye solution that the dyestuff with described color of object is prepared
Enter in transfusion bottle；
E at () first segment position of first flower lower section on iris bennet, insertion needle is infused；And
F (), after the color of iris petal shows expected color, obtains the iris that flower has color of object
Potted flower.
Wherein it is preferred that in step (a), described pure color butterfly orchid variety is the iris that floriferousness is good, flower is big
Kind, it is further preferred that described butterfly orchid variety be spend in vain, the kind of chrysanthemum or other pure colors no decorative pattern；Further preferred
It is that described butterfly orchid variety is as ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), ' the Fuller setting sun ' (Doritaenopsis ' Full ' s
sunset’)；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (b), described butterfly orchid variety being cultivated and is preferably in bore at least 11.5cm
The flowerpot of 11.5cm to 21cm, the day night temperature control before bennet is extracted out, in 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C, is extracted out in bennet
Diurnal temperature afterwards is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, and the growth period of described iris potted flower is 18 to 21 months strong
Health and neat iris potted flower；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (c), carrying out flower forcing when 7 months before Target Flowering, and with plastic iron wire and
Bennet fixed by clip, the position of Phalaenopsis plants is kept constant in order to avoid inflorescence distorts simultaneously；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (d), described dyestuff is preferably selected from by light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green dye
The group of material composition, and it is formulated into the dye solution that concentration is 5g/L to 15g/L, and this dye solution is encased in transfusion bottle
In；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (e), selecting for the syringe needle using cooperatively with described transfusion bottle is No. 5.5 syringe needles；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (f), checking colouring effect, pulling up syringe needle after colouring uniformly, obtain with target
The iris potted flower of color.
The mode by way of pressuring method is for example injected by transfusion bottle rather than by using transpiration pull for the present invention
Will have color of object dyestuff injection bennet in, recycle transpiration dyestuff is transported in petal by conduit so as to
Present different and natural color.
Some preferred embodiment in, the present invention select dyestuff be food colour, will not to cell damage,
Ensure florescent.Current flowers staining technique focuses primarily upon in Fresh Cutting flower dyeing, is filled by being inserted into Fresh Cutting flower
In the container of dye solution, dyestuff is absorbed by scape otch and is dyeed, the florescence is less than 20 days.And this technology is applied to butterfly
Phalaenopsis potted flower visitain, increased the potted plant art atmosphere of iris and ornamental value, can guarantee that its overall florescence still simultaneously
Keep 2-3 month, dyeing iris potted flower has attracted liking of consumers in general, lead potted flower to dye the trend of cause, greatly
Ground promotes the development of industry.
It is an advantage of the current invention that：1st, simple, can be it is not necessary to strong injection causes by infusion niidl insertion bennet
Antipeduncular mechanical damage and impulse force is excessive causes disorganization.2nd, antipeduncular damage reaches minimum, only No. 5.5 syringe needle sizes
Hole.3rd, Color is good, and colouring is symmetrically and evenly, colour-fast.4th, use food colour (without other additives), do not destroy
Plant cell tissue, does not injure plant cell, not obstruction conduit, and the florescence is up to 2-3 month, identical with the untreated florescence.5、
Dyeing course ensures that plant is not completely destroyed, and inflorescence is complete, and petal stands intact, and appreciation effect is good.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows photo during pure white colour system iris ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 ') flowering；
Fig. 2 shows the true yellow colour system Fuller setting sun ' (Doritaenopsis ' Full ' s sunset ') flowering when
Photo；
Fig. 3 show the dye solution preparing pour into transfusion bottle after photo；
The position of syringe needle insertion when Fig. 4 shows that iris bennet is transfused dye solution；
Fig. 5 shows the Color photo after the inventive method is transfused dye solution；Fig. 5 a is dyestuff amaranth
The Color photo of (RHS 71B, The Royal Horticultural Society's RHS colorimetric card records, similarly hereinafter)；Fig. 5 b is dyestuff sunset yellow
The Color photo of (RHS 26A)；Fig. 5 c is the Color photo of dyestuff light green (RHS N144D)；Fig. 5 d is dyestuff fruit
The Color photo of green (RHS N144D)；Fig. 5 e is the Color photo of dyestuff greyish purple (RHS 90C).
Fig. 6 shows iris potted flower individual plant double stalk two-color effect photo；
Fig. 7 shows that iris safflower variety ' red swan ' (Doritaenopsis ' Red swan ') uses dyestuff light blue
(Fig. 7 a), sunset yellow (Fig. 7 b), greyish purple (Fig. 7 c), light green (Fig. 7 d) dyeing after Color photo；
Fig. 8 shows that white-flowered varieties ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 ') uses dyestuff light blue (Fig. 8 a), sunset yellow (figure
8b), greyish purple (Fig. 8 c), light green (Fig. 8 d) dyeing after Color photo；
Fig. 9 shows that syringe injection system is transfused the damage that dye solution causes to iris；
Figure 10 shows the photo being transfused dye solution using the inventive method.
Specific embodiment
As described above, the present invention is in a kind of iris colouring method of first aspect body, methods described includes walking as follows
Suddenly：
(1) choose the iris with flower；
(2) provide dye solution；With
(3) by pressurization infusion, dye solution is infused in bennet, thus changing the color of petal.
The present invention does not have strict restriction to infusion site, but some preferred embodiment in, infusion site is
At the first segment position of first open flower spray base proximal end starting meter from bennet base portion (referring to Fig. 4), in this position
Infusion is advantageous in that colouring speed is fast, and colouring effect is good and does not affect the florescence.On the contrary, if infusion site is too close to base
Portion, then may painting, it is long to take；If infusion site is too close to inflorescence top, may paint imperfect, inflorescence
Impaired so affect the florescence.
The present invention is not particularly restricted to Infusion Time, but some preferred embodiment in, described defeated
Note was carried out before the petal of described first flower is opened, and was at this moment transfused all flower colourings being advantageous in that whole inflorescence
Uniformly.On the contrary, if too early be transfused, may dye overweight it is impossible to the dyeing pattern such as striped occurs；If be transfused too late,
Then may paint uneven, the flower early opened hardly is painted.
Pressurization infusion of the present invention can be carried out using syringe injection, but at some preferred embodiment
In, it is possible to use gravity is realizing, it is preferred to use the transfusion bottle being furnished with syringe needle is transfused (i.e. transfusion bottle infusion, referring to Fig. 3).
In such a situation it is preferred to syringe needle is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet with 45 degree be transfused.For the size of syringe needle, art technology
Personnel have the ability to select suitable syringe needle model completely.But some preferred embodiment in, the syringe needle of selection is No. 5.5
Syringe needle, can be transfused while so can reducing antipeduncular injury effectively.If syringe needle is excessive, may be right
The injury that the bennet of iris causes is excessive；If syringe needle is too small, infusion velocity is too small, extends the time of infusion.
Some preferred embodiment in, described dye solution be contained in has dye liquor outlet dye liquor container in, and
And dye liquor exit position has the difference in height of 1m to 3m with injection site, such as have the difference in height of 1,2 or 3m.If height is spent
Low, infusion velocity declines, and Infusion Time extends；If highly excessive, greenhouse height condition and longer defeated may be may require that
Liquidus.
The color of flower especially petal can be significantly changed using the method for the present invention, and bring expected color, this
Invention is not particularly limited to former pattern.But, some preferred embodiment in, described flower has pure color pattern；
It is further preferred that described iris has pure white pattern or gilvous pattern；It is further preferred that described flower has pure white
Pattern.If using the iris with pure color pattern, so dyeing can more be dyeed uniformity, is easier
Color expected from realization.
Using the inventive method, iris can be carried out with local to dye or petal organ dyeed, but one
A little preferred embodiment in, described iris is whole strain iris；It is further preferred that described iris is the butterfly of potted flower form
Phalaenopsis.Some preferred embodiment in, the kind of described iris is ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 ') (referring to figure
1) and/or ' the Fuller setting sun ' (Doritaenopsis ' Full ' s sunset ') (referring to Fig. 2).
The present invention has no particular limits to dyestuff, as long as iris can be made to have color of object simultaneously after dyeing
And unacceptable injury is not caused to Phalaenopsis plants.But, some preferred embodiment in, described dyestuff
For water-soluble food colour, particular without the pure food colour adding other additives outside pigment, to reduce or to eliminate
The injury that Phalaenopsis plants cell is caused, for example, can be selected from light blue, sunset yellow, the group of greyish purple and light green composition
Dyestuff, they can be buied with chimera board from such as Shanghai Dye Inst. Co., Ltd..
The present invention is not particularly limited to the dye strength in dye solution, but some preferred embodiment in,
Described dye strength can be 5g/L to 15g/L, such as 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 or 15g/L, more preferably
10g/L.The osmotic pressure of plant cell external environment condition if dye strength is excessive, may be changed, thus cause bad to cell
Impact；If dye strength is too low, longer dyeing time may be needed or be even unable to reach expected dye level.
The present invention has no particular limits to dyestuff Infusion Time, as long as iris flower can have expected color being
Can.For example, it is possible to infusion dyestuff is to petal level dyeing, this may need the time of 36 hours about.
The present invention additionally provides, in second aspect, a kind of method that cultivation has the iris of color of object, and methods described is adopted
Dyeed with the iris colouring method described in first aspect present invention.
Second aspect present invention some more specifically in embodiment, methods described comprises the steps that the present invention exists
Second aspect additionally provide a kind of cultivation have color of object iris method it is characterised in that methods described include as
Lower step：
A () selects pure color butterfly orchid variety；
B described butterfly orchid variety is cultivated into the iris potted flower of healthy mature by ()；
C () carries out flower forcing and moulding to described iris potted flower；
D (), when first petal starts open, will be filled by the dye solution that the dyestuff with described color of object is prepared
Enter in transfusion bottle；
E at () first segment position of first flower lower section on iris bennet, insertion needle is infused；And
F (), after the color of iris petal shows expected color, obtains the iris that flower has color of object
Potted flower.
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (a), described pure color butterfly orchid variety is that floriferousness is good, flower
Big butterfly orchid variety, it is further preferred that described butterfly orchid variety be spend in vain, the kind of chrysanthemum or other pure colors no decorative pattern；Enter
Preferably, described butterfly orchid variety is as ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), ' the Fuller setting sun ' to one step
(Doritaenopsis‘Full’s sunset’)；
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (b), described butterfly orchid variety is cultivated in bore at least
11.5cm is preferably the flowerpot of 11.5cm to 21cm, and the day night temperature control before bennet is extracted out is in 25-27 DEG C/16-18
DEG C, the diurnal temperature after bennet is extracted out is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, and the growth period of described iris potted flower is 18
To the health of 21 months and neat iris potted flower；
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (c), before Target Flowering, carry out flower forcing when 7 months, be used in combination
Bennet fixed by plastic iron wire and clip, the position of Phalaenopsis plants is kept constant in order to avoid inflorescence distorts simultaneously；
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (d), described dyestuff is preferably selected from by light blue, sunset yellow, grape
The group of purple, light green dyestuff composition, and it is formulated into the dye solution that concentration is 5g/L to 15g/L, and this dye solution is filled
Enter in transfusion bottle；
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (e), select for the syringe needle using cooperatively with described transfusion bottle be
No. 5.5 syringe needles；
Some preferred embodiment in, in step (f), check colouring effect, pull up syringe needle after colouring uniformly, obtain
To the iris potted flower with color of object.
In some more specifically embodiment, the inventive method comprises the steps：A () selection floriferousness is good, flower
Big spend in vain, the kind of chrysanthemum or other pure colors no decorative pattern, such as ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), ' the Fuller setting sun '
(Doritaenopsis‘Full’s sunset’).B the iris of () healthy mature is through day night temperature 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C
Under the conditions of flower forcing, after the fixing bennet moulding of plastic iron wire and clip, select the open initial stage (first spend a bud just ready to burst, crack)
Phalaenopsis plants；C () is configured to butterfly orchid dye solution using food colour and pours into preparation transfusion in transfusion bottle；D () is in butterfly
On phalaenopsis bennet (first segment of first open flower lower section), by syringe needle, 45 ° are inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet, carry out 36 hours about
Transfusion, during transfusion check syringe needle whether have illicit sexual relations under drop, pre- anti-clogging.Pull up syringe needle after (e) colouring uniformly, obtain final product dyeing
Iris potted flower.
In some more specifically embodiment, select that floriferousness is good, flower is big spends in vain, chrysanthemum or other pure colors no
The kind of decorative pattern, such as ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), ' the Fuller setting sun ' (Doritaenopsis ' Full ' s
sunset’).Select to plant in the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, growth period is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.Urge
The date is spent to be 7 months before Target Flowering, day night temperature control carries out flower forcing process in 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C.Bennet is extracted out
Diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C afterwards, fixes bennet with plastic iron wire and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, with
Exempt from inflorescence distortion.A bud just ready to burst to select first to spend, and crack plant carries out dyeing process.Select not containing any other additive
Dyestuff, such as chimera board dyestuff light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green etc., be configured to butterfly orchid dye solution, concentration is
10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle size 5.5), the coloring agent preparing is poured in transfusion bottle, dropping funnel in the middle of extruding,
Adjust infusion flow rate, so that dye solution is flowed down, close flow regulator, prepare transfusion.Open for first on selection iris bennet
First segment insertion needle below letting off fireworks, syringe needle is 45 ° with bennet angle, is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet, opens flow regulator
Infused.After 36 hours about, check colouring effect, pull up syringe needle after colouring uniformly, obtain final product the iris basin of dyeing
Flower.
The other guide that the present invention has been described in Part I repeats no more in Part II of the present invention, specifically interior
Hold and may refer to the corresponding content of Part I of the present invention.On the contrary, the present invention be not described in Part I other in
Appearance can also be referring to the corresponding content of Part II of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for further illustrating the essentiality content of the present invention.According to technical solution of the present invention and embodiment
Description, perhaps same domain technical staff technical solution of the present invention can also be carried out on the basis of the present invention some modification and
Improve.Therefore, the modification and improvement done on the basis of without departing from main technical schemes of the present invention, all should belong to the present invention and be wanted
Seek the scope of protection.Chimera board food colour is that (it is water miscible pure edible color purchased from Shanghai Dye Inst. Co., Ltd.
Uniformly dyeing material, does not contain extra additive), sky good fortune source board food colour is purchased from Zhengzhou prosperity food additives Co., Ltd
(wherein containing the additive components such as starch, sodium acid carbonate and sodium chloride).
Embodiment 1
Select red butterfly orchid variety ' red swan ' (Doritaenopsis ' Red swan '), select to plant in bore
The basin of 8.5cm, 12 months growth periods healthy, neat seedling.The flower forcing date is day night temperature control 7 months before Target Flowering
It is formed on 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C and carry out flower forcing process.After bennet is extracted out, diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, with bag
Bennet fixed by ironshaper silk and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, in order to avoid inflorescence distortion.Half open plant of inflorescence is selected to enter
Row dyeing is processed.Select sky good fortune source board food colour light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green etc., be configured to contaminate for butterfly orchid
The dye solution of color, concentration is 10g/L.Select No. 5 needle tubings (1ml), the dye solution preparing is sucked in needle tubing, in butterfly
Orchid metulae portion is injected, and injection volume is 0.5ml, co-injection 5 times.After 36 hours about, check colouring effect.
It was found that the method operation is wasted time and energy, injection process bennet internal pressure is big, cause bennet mechanical damage and
Disorganization.The iris appreciation effect processing is poor.Not, inflorescence is short for iris maturity, and flower number is less than 7, generally C level
Flower (GB_T 18247.2-2000 flowers product hierarchy potted flower, similarly hereinafter).Colouring effect is poor, and on inflorescence, former opening takes color
Shallow and skewness, open later takes color depth, leads to the colouring degree of whole inflorescence different.Color is poor, red
Petal blue, the obfuscation of purple colour generation, effect are poor, and yellow, green colouring are inconspicuous.Speculate sky good fortune source board food colour due to containing
There is the easy obstruction conduit of dyestuff of other additives (as starch, sodium acid carbonate, sodium chloride etc.), cause bud and florescence to shorten.Note
Penetrate often, antipeduncular destructiveness is big, also shorten the florescence, single florescence shortening reaches 30 days.On inflorescence, Dan Duohua is withered in advance
Wither or fall bud, make inflorescence imperfect, far do not reach the requirement producing and viewing and admiring.
Embodiment 2
Select white-flowered varieties ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), select to plant in the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, grow
Phase is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.The flower forcing date be Target Flowering before 7 months, day night temperature control in
25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C carries out flower forcing process.After bennet is extracted out, diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, uses plastic iron
Bennet fixed by silk and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, in order to avoid inflorescence distortion.Select first and spend that a bud just ready to burst, crack plant
Strain carries out dyeing process.Select chimera board food colour light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green etc., be configured to butterfly orchid dyestuff
Solution, concentration is 10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle 5.5), the coloring agent preparing is poured in transfusion bottle, in extruding
Between dropping funnel, adjust infusion flow rate, so that dye solution is flowed down, close flow regulator, prepare transfusion.Select the on iris bennet
The first segment insertion needle of a piece open flower lower section, syringe needle is 45 ° with bennet angle, is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet, opens flow
Adjuster is infused.Infusion process extracts syringe needle for every 12 hours, checks whether syringe needle has illicit sexual relations under drop, if blocking application
Bennet tissue occlusion thing is chosen by pin.After 36 hours about, check colouring effect.
The method is simple to operate, saves the time.Infusion pressure equalizes, and antipeduncular mechanical wounding is less.The butterfly processing
Blue appreciation effect is good.Enough, inflorescence is long, and flower number is generally higher than 8 for plant maturity, is that A level spends (GB_T 18247.2-2000
Flowers product hierarchy potted flower).Colouring effect is good, and on petal, colour generation understands, colouring uniformly, light petal can emerge more clearly from
Go out the colors such as redness, blueness, golden yellow, purple, green (referring to Fig. 5).Florescence does not reduce, with the Phalaenopsis plants flower not processed
Phase is identical, is 2-3 month according to plant species and ripe different female bloom dates, appreciation effect is good, can reach production requirement.
By this production technology, iris appreciation effect is good.Enough, inflorescence is long for plant maturity.Colouring effect is good, entirely
Color depth and substantially on all flowers of inflorescence, decorative pattern is consistent, dyes well-balanced, natural harmony.This technology is applied to iris potted flower and lives
Body dyes, or even can be used for the double-colored potted flower of the double stalk of iris and produce (referring to Fig. 6), while strengthening its ornamental value it is ensured that
Its overall florescence still keeps 2-3 month.Production for dyeing iris potted flower provides technology and ensures.
Embodiment 3
Carried out by the way of substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that only and inject to be transfused by syringe
The dye solution of amount.
It was found that the antipeduncular injury of syringe injection is serious (referring to Fig. 9), bennet injection portion surrounding tissue is big
Partial necrosis, if do not sealed with wax processs after injection, easy bacterial infection, harmful to inflorescence development, the florescence greatly shortens.
And the injury minimum (referring to Figure 10) that hanging bottle type injecting method causes to bennet is processed in this embodiment it is not even necessary to seal with wax after injecting etc.,
Have substantially no effect on growth and development of plants, the florescence is also no affected.
Embodiment 4
Select white-flowered varieties ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), select to plant in the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, grow
Phase is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.The flower forcing date be Target Flowering before 7 months, day night temperature control in
25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C carries out flower forcing process.After bennet is extracted out, diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, uses plastic iron
Bennet fixed by silk and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, in order to avoid inflorescence distortion.Select first and spend that a bud just ready to burst, crack plant
Strain carries out dyeing process.Select two kinds of food colour light blue (chimera board food colour and sky good fortune source board food colour), respectively
It is configured to two kinds of butterfly orchid dye solutions, concentration is 10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle 5.5), by prepare
Coloring agent pours in transfusion bottle, dropping funnel in the middle of extruding, adjusts infusion flow rate, so that dye solution is flowed down, and closes flow regulator, prepares
Transfusion.Select the first segment insertion needle of first open flower lower section on iris bennet, syringe needle is 45 ° with bennet angle, to
Under be inserted in the middle part of bennet, open flow regulator and infused.
After 36 hours about, check colouring effect, pull up syringe needle after colouring uniformly, two kinds of coloring agents of investigation are to butterfly
Blue potted flower is Color, including colouring situation, dyeing time, florescence, falls the indexs such as luxuriant number, result see table 1.
Table 1
By table as can be seen that the colouring effect using sky good fortune source board food colour is poor, not only paint light and irregular, Er Qiexu
Duration, there is luxuriant phenomenon in inflorescence, and the whole florescence also significantly shortens.Analysis is probably that the additive of sky good fortune source board food colour is made
Become catheter blockage or disorganization, such as starch is incompletely dissolved in water, is easily caused catheter blockage, lead to nutrition supply not enough.Carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium is in alkalescent, causes in plant body pH value change, plant cell and tissue is damaged or poisons, lead to fall bud and
Florescence shortens.
Embodiment 5
Select safflower variety ' red swan ' (Doritaenopsis ' Red swan '), white-flowered varieties ' V3 '
(Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, growth period is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.Urge
The date is spent to be 7 months before Target Flowering, day night temperature control carries out flower forcing process in 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C.Bennet is extracted out
Diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C afterwards, fixes bennet with plastic iron wire and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, with
Exempt from inflorescence distortion.A bud just ready to burst to select first to spend, and crack plant carries out dyeing process.Select food colour light blue, prepare
Become butterfly orchid dye solution, concentration is 10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle 5.5), the coloring agent preparing is filled
Enter in transfusion bottle, dropping funnel in the middle of extruding, adjust infusion flow rate, so that dye solution is flowed down, close flow regulator, prepare transfusion.Choosing
Select the first segment insertion needle of first open flower lower section on iris bennet, syringe needle is 45 ° with bennet angle, is inserted to downwards flower
In the middle part of stalk, open flow regulator and infused.
After 36 hours about, check colouring effect, after colouring uniformly, pull up syringe needle, the colouring effect of two kinds of contrast
Really (referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8).
It has been observed that the dyeing aesthetic effect of red butterfly orchid variety is poor, red petal blue, purple colour generation shade,
Effect is poor, and green colouring is inconspicuous, assumes gold, though inconspicuous visual effect is fine after sunset yellow colouring.White iris
The colouring effect of kind is good, and on petal, colour generation understands, colouring uniformly, light petal can emerge more clearly from out blue, golden yellow
More color such as color, purple, green.
Embodiment 6
Select white-flowered varieties ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), select to plant in the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, grow
Phase is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.The flower forcing date be Target Flowering before 7 months, day night temperature control in
25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C carries out flower forcing process.After bennet is extracted out, diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, uses plastic iron
Bennet fixed by silk and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, in order to avoid inflorescence distortion.Select first and spend that a bud just ready to burst, crack plant
Strain carries out dyeing process.Select food colour light blue (chimera board), be configured to two kinds of butterfly orchid dye solutions respectively, concentration is equal
For 10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle 5.5), the coloring agent preparing is poured in transfusion bottle, dropping funnel in the middle of extruding, adjust
Section infusion flow rate, makes dye solution flow down, and closes flow regulator, prepares transfusion.Select iris bennet top (first respectively
The Section 1 near spray base portion is spent in piece opening), (Section 4 near spray base portion is spent in first opening), bennet base in the middle part of bennet
Insertion needle, syringe needle and flower (is counted between the 2nd flower and the 3rd flower) from base portion between portion's (first segment of next-door neighbour's base portion), inflorescence
Stalk angle is 45 °, is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet, opens flow regulator and infused.
Check colouring effect, after colouring uniformly, pull up syringe needle, the impact that three kinds of injection positions of statistics dye to iris, knot
Fruit see table 2
Table 2
By table as can be seen that the iris colouring time injected in bennet top is short, the colouring overlong time of base portion injection.
Analysis reason, after water-soluble dye injection bennet, dyestuff is conveyed upwards into by conduit by Phalaenopsis plants by transpiration
In petal.If injection position is bennet base portion, fed distance is long, requires time for growing.Injection position be bennet top, from petal away from
From short, the time that colouring needs is also just short.In addition, the result that position infusion dye solution is dyeed between inflorescence can
Go out, transport in Phalaenopsis plants body for the coloring agent also by means of the transpiration pull of potted flower spray.
Embodiment 7
Select white-flowered varieties ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), select to plant in the bore at least basin of 11.5cm, grow
Phase is at least up to 18 months healthy, neat seedlings.The flower forcing date be Target Flowering before 7 months, day night temperature control in
25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C carries out flower forcing process.After bennet is extracted out, diurnal temperature is controlled in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, uses plastic iron
Bennet fixed by silk and clip, and young plant position keeps constant, in order to avoid inflorescence distortion.Select first and spend that a bud just ready to burst, crack plant
Strain carries out dyeing process.Select food colour (chimera board) light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green, lemon yellow, famille rose, three-coloured amaranth
Red, it is configured to 7 kinds of butterfly orchid dye solutions respectively, concentration is 10g/L.Select plant with transfusion bottle (syringe needle 5.5), will join
The coloring agent making pours in transfusion bottle, dropping funnel in the middle of extruding, adjusts infusion flow rate, so that dye solution is flowed down, and closes Flow-rate adjustment
Device, prepares transfusion.Select respectively iris bennet top (first segment of first open flower lower section), middle part (lower number Section 4),
Base portion (lower number first segment) insertion needle, syringe needle is 45 ° with bennet angle, is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet, opens flow regulator
Infused.Check colouring effect, after colouring uniformly, pull up syringe needle, the Color of 7 kinds of dyestuffs of statistics.Test finds, 7 kinds of dyes
Material colouring speed is light blue, lemon yellow, famille rose, amaranth, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green from fast to slow.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of iris colouring method is it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps：
(1) choose the iris with flower；
(2) provide dye solution；With
(3) by pressurization infusion, dye solution is infused in bennet, thus changing the color of petal.
2. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that infusion site be from bennet base portion start count first open
Let off fireworks at the first segment position of spray base proximal end.
3. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described infusion is before the petal of described first flower is opened
Carry out.
4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3 it is characterised in that described pressurization infusion uses gravity to reality
Existing, it is preferred to use the transfusion bottle being furnished with syringe needle is transfused, and more preferably syringe needle is inserted to downwards in the middle part of bennet with 45 ° and is transfused.
5. method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described dye solution is contained in the dye liquor with dye liquor outlet
In container, and dye liquor exit position has the difference in height of 1m to 3m with injection site.
6. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3 it is characterised in that described flower has pure color pattern；Preferably
, described iris has pure white pattern or gilvous pattern；It is further preferred that described flower has pure white pattern；
Also it is preferred that the kind of described iris is ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 ') and/or ' the Fuller setting sun '
(Doritaenopsis‘Full’s sunset’).
7. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3 it is characterised in that described iris is whole strain iris；More
Preferably, described iris is the iris of potted flower form.
8. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3 it is characterised in that the dyestuff in described dye solution is water
Dissolubility food colour, is preferably selected from by the dyestuff in light blue, sunset yellow, the greyish purple and light green group forming, more preferably described
The concentration of dyestuff is 5g/L to 15g/L.
9. a kind of cultivation has the method for the iris of color of object it is characterised in that methods described adopts claim 1 to 8
Any one of method iris is dyeed.
10. method according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps：
A () selects pure color butterfly orchid variety；
B described butterfly orchid variety is cultivated into the iris potted flower of healthy mature by ()；
C () carries out flower forcing and moulding to described iris potted flower；
D (), when first petal starts open, hangs being poured into by the dye solution that the dyestuff with described color of object is prepared
In bottle；
E at () first segment position of first flower lower section on iris bennet, insertion needle is infused；And
F (), after the color of iris petal shows expected color, obtains the iris potted flower that flower has color of object；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (a), described pure color butterfly orchid variety is the butterfly orchid variety that floriferousness is good, flower is big,
It is further preferred that described butterfly orchid variety be spend in vain, the kind of chrysanthemum or other pure colors no decorative pattern；It may further be preferable that institute
Stating butterfly orchid variety is as ' V3 ' (Doritaenopsis ' V3 '), ' the Fuller setting sun ' (Doritaenopsis ' Full ' s
sunset’)；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (b), described butterfly orchid variety being cultivated and is preferably 11.5cm in bore at least 11.5cm
To the flowerpot of 21cm, the daytime in 25-27 DEG C/16-18 DEG C, after bennet is extracted out for the day night temperature control before bennet is extracted out
Night temperature control is in 26-28 DEG C/17-19 DEG C, and the growth period of described iris potted flower is the health of 18 to 21 months and whole
Neat iris potted flower；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (c), carrying out flower forcing when 7 months before Target Flowering, and with plastic iron wire and clip
The position of Phalaenopsis plants is kept constant in order to avoid inflorescence distorts by fixing bennet simultaneously；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (d), described dyestuff is preferably selected from by light blue, sunset yellow, greyish purple, light green dye set
The group becoming, and it is formulated into the dye solution that concentration is 5g/L to 15g/L, and this dye solution is encased in transfusion bottle；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (e), selecting for the syringe needle using cooperatively with described transfusion bottle is No. 5.5 syringe needles；
Wherein it is preferred that in step (f), checking colouring effect, pulling up syringe needle after colouring uniformly, obtain with color of object
Iris potted flower.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110291951A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-01 | 江苏中荷花卉股份有限公司 | A kind of rapid dyeing method of iris potted flower |
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| TW200948265A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-01 | Prolong Biotech Co Ltd | Method for changing colors of flowers and leaves |
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