CN106409370B - Low and intermediate level radioac disposition library with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function and method - Google Patents
Low and intermediate level radioac disposition library with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106409370B CN106409370B CN201610992490.7A CN201610992490A CN106409370B CN 106409370 B CN106409370 B CN 106409370B CN 201610992490 A CN201610992490 A CN 201610992490A CN 106409370 B CN106409370 B CN 106409370B
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- ventilative
- ventilative concrete
- inside lining
- fine sand
- clay
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/20—Disposal of liquid waste
- G21F9/22—Disposal of liquid waste by storage in a tank or other container
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and the low and intermediate level radioac with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function disposes library, filling fine sand annular groove is equipped in inside lining, ventilative concrete slab is equipped at the top of inside lining, crushing rock stratum is equipped at the top of ventilative concrete slab, transport discharge channel is equipped with interior ventilative concrete walls, outer ventilative concrete walls and filtering fine sand layer with head cover connecting place.The invention also discloses a kind of low and intermediate level radioac methods of disposal with airborne radiogen filtering emission function, build inside lining by laying bricks or stones, and fine sand is filled up in the gap of inside lining and waste packet；Ventilative concrete slab is poured at the top of inside lining, accumulation, which is formed, at the top of ventilative concrete slab crushes rock stratum；Transport discharge channel builds interior ventilative concrete walls, outer ventilative concrete walls and filtering fine sand layer by laying bricks or stones.The present invention can prevent gas buildup superpressure from influencing cavern's structure and filtering radioactive substance in aerosol, do not influence cavern's waterproof also, can be widely applied to nuclear power field.
Description
Technical field
It is useless more particularly to being put in a kind of low with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function the present invention relates to nuclear power field
Object disposes library and method.
Background technology
According to China's relevant laws and regulations, for the low and intermediate level radioac that nuclear power plant generates, the general method for using near surface disposal,
But for long-life low and intermediate level radioac therein, with reference to international experience, then need to use the deeper grotto type for the treatment of depth
Disposition.Generally there are a forms such as tunnel formula, silo-type in grotto disposition library, wherein silo-type due to treatment depth it is deeper, be generally used to
Dispose medium-level waste.
The construction principle that disposition library is put in low is exactly to ensure the containing to radioactive substance in the time of 300-500, is prevented
Only nucleic is moved to underground water and gas in environment.It is mainly aerosol shape that airborne radioactivity substance in disposition library is put in low
Formula, gas source include mainly：The corrosion hydrogen of silo lining concrete reinforcing bar, waste steel drum and steel case；Microorganism decomposition gas
Body；Debirs irradiation-induced degradation gas etc. first has to ensure that the backfill of disposition library is closed for the gas of these carrying radionuclides
Cavern can be released by closing rear gas, particularly with the deeper silo of longitudinal treatment depth, prevent gas buildup superpressure to cavern
The influence of structural stability, on the other hand, radioaerosol will pass through filtering before being excluded from cavern, prevent nucleic with gas
Body migrates.Therefore selection and the arrangement of concern cavern's backfilling material and plugging material are needed.
The grotto type disposition library that the country is built up not yet at present, in external relevant report, silo-type disposes the backfill material in library
There are mainly three types of forms for material.The first carries out whole grouting using gas permeability cement mortar, it is ensured that gas discharges, but water
Cement mortar is poor to the adsorption effect of nucleic, and waterproof action is also general；Second use gravel or cataclasite, backfill gas permeability compared with
Well, but the absorption to nucleic and integral waterproofing effect are poor；The third is backfilled using clay, and the high adsorption of clay can block
Nuclein migration, but permeability is slightly worse.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technology, provide a kind of with airborne radioactivity filtering row
The low and intermediate level radioac disposition library of playing function and method, make it both can guarantee the release of gas in cavern, prevent gas buildup superpressure
Cavern's structure is had an impact, and can realize and the radioactive substance in aerosol is filtered, prevents nucleic with gas transfer,
It can also ensure not influence the water-proof function of cavern.
A kind of low and intermediate level radioac with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function provided by the invention disposes library, including is equipped with
The underground silo of inside lining, outer lining cutting and head cover, the head cover side are equipped with transport discharge channel, are equipped with and fill out in the inside lining
The filling fine sand annular groove in full gap between inside lining and waste packet, the inside lining top are connected equipped with periphery with outer lining cutting side wall
Ventilative concrete slab, be equipped with the crushing rock stratum for extending to underground silo head cover, the transport at the top of the ventilative concrete slab
Discharge channel is equipped with interior ventilative concrete walls with head cover connecting place, and the transport discharge channel is equipped with outer close to one end of outlet
Gas concrete walls, the cavity between the interior ventilative concrete walls and outer ventilative concrete walls are equipped with filtering fine sand layer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, top clay building block layer, institute are equipped between the ventilative concrete slab and crushing rock stratum
Air hole is equipped at the top of stating between each clay building block of clay building block layer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is inoculated with fine sand in the air hole.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the cavity between the inside lining and outer lining cutting is equipped with cyclic annular clay layer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is equipped with channel clay blockwork on the outside of the outer ventilative concrete walls.
A kind of low and intermediate level radioac method of disposal with airborne radiogen filtering emission function provided by the invention, including
Following steps：One, the inside lining with outer lining cutting at a distance is built by laying bricks or stones in the silo of underground, when waste packet reaches disposition capacity
Afterwards, fine sand is filled up in the gap between inside lining and waste packet, forms filling fine sand annular groove；Two, week is poured at the top of inside lining
The ventilative concrete slab that edge is connected with outer lining cutting side wall, and accumulation cataclasite is formed up to head cover at the top of ventilative concrete slab
Crush rock stratum；Three, interior ventilative concrete walls are built by laying bricks or stones in transport discharge channel and head cover connecting place, transport discharge channel it is close go out
One end of mouth builds outer ventilative concrete walls by laying bricks or stones, and the cavity breathed freely between concrete walls and outer ventilative concrete walls inside fills up carefully
Sand forms filtering fine sand layer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the step 1, the cavity between inside lining and outer lining cutting stacks clay building block,
Form cyclic annular clay layer；In the step 2, after having poured ventilative concrete slab, clay building block is stacked on ventilative concrete slab
Top clay building block layer is formed, air hole is reserved when stacking clay building block, and fill fine sand into air hole, then again at top
Cataclasite is accumulated in clay building block layer, forms crushing rock stratum；In the step 3, clay is stacked on the outside of concrete walls of breathing freely outside
Building block forms channel clay blockwork.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the air hole horizontal spacing size is less than 1 centimetre.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, building by laying bricks or stones for the inside lining highly maintains an equal level with the stacking height of waste packet.
The present invention has low and intermediate level radioac disposition library and the method for airborne radioactivity filtering emission function, has beneficial below
Effect：After the disposition library of silo reaches disposition capacity, on the outside of disposal area and top layout clay building block, the high adsorption of clay are real
Now to the retardance of nucleic, the impermeability of clay can prevent or block the invasion of underground water, and the stacking gap of clay building block can
To ensure the release of gas.The crushing rock stratum of silo head cover and ventilative concrete slab can be used as gas release channel, and transport
Fine sand in discharge channel also has aerosol nucleic filtering function while as gas release channel.It protects through the invention
The release for having demonstrate,proved gas in silo prevents cavern's gas buildup superpressure, while being realized to airborne radiation by clay and fine sand
The absorption and filtering of property substance, prevent and have blocked the migration of airborne nucleic.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the 1 structure section view that there is the present invention low and intermediate level radioac of airborne radioactivity filtering emission function to dispose library is shown
It is intended to.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the embodiment should not be construed as pair
The limitation of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is the present invention low and intermediate level radioac of airborne radioactivity filtering emission function to dispose library, including be equipped with interior
The underground silo 1 of lining cutting 1.1, outer lining cutting 1.2 and head cover 1.3,1.3 side of the head cover is equipped with transport discharge channel 13, described
The filling fine sand annular groove 4 for filling up gap between inside lining 1.1 and waste packet 2 is equipped in inside lining 1.1, the inside lining 1.1 is pushed up
Portion is equipped with the ventilative concrete slab 5 that periphery is connected with 1.2 side wall of outer lining cutting, and 5 top of the ventilative concrete slab, which is equipped with, to be extended to
The crushing rock stratum 8 of 1 head cover 1.3 of underground silo, the transport discharge channel 13 are equipped with interior ventilative concrete with 1.3 connecting place of head cover
Wall 9, the transport discharge channel 13 are equipped with outer ventilative concrete walls 11, the interior ventilative concrete walls 9 close to one end of outlet
Cavity between outer ventilative concrete walls 11 is equipped with filtering fine sand layer 10.
It is equipped with top clay building block layer 6, the top clay building block between the ventilative concrete slab 5 and crushing rock stratum 8
It is equipped with air hole 7 between 6 each clay building block of layer.It is inoculated with fine sand in the air hole 7.
Cavity between the inside lining 1.1 and outer lining cutting 1.2 is equipped with cyclic annular clay layer 3.
11 outside of the outer ventilative concrete walls is equipped with channel clay blockwork 12.
The present invention has the low and intermediate level radioac method of disposal of airborne radiogen filtering emission function, includes the following steps：
Step 1: building the inside lining 1.1 with outer lining cutting 1.2 at a distance, the inside lining by laying bricks or stones in underground silo 1
1.1 stacking height built by laying bricks or stones highly with waste packet 2 maintains an equal level, and after waste packet 2 reaches disposition capacity, in inside lining 1.1 and gives up
Fine sand is filled up in gap between object packet 2, forms filling fine sand annular groove 4, the cavity heap between inside lining 1.1 and outer lining cutting 1.2
Clay building block is put, cyclic annular clay layer 3 is formed；
Step 2: the ventilative concrete slab 5 that periphery is connected with 1.2 side wall of outer lining cutting is poured at 1.1 top of inside lining, saturating
Clay building block is stacked on gas concrete slab 5 and forms top clay building block layer 6, and air hole 7 is reserved when stacking clay building block, it is described
7 horizontal spacing size of stomata is less than 1 centimetre, and fine sand is filled into air hole 7, then the heap in top clay building block layer 6 again
Detritus is overstock until head cover 1.3, forms crushing rock stratum 8；
Step 3: building interior ventilative concrete walls 9 by laying bricks or stones with 1.3 connecting place of head cover in transport discharge channel 13, unload in transport
Channel 13 builds outer ventilative concrete walls 11 by laying bricks or stones close to one end of outlet, breathe freely inside concrete walls 9 and outer ventilative concrete walls 11
Between cavity fill up fine sand, form filtering fine sand layer 10,11 outside of concrete walls of breathing freely outside stacks clay building block, is formed logical
Road clay blockwork 12.
The principle of the present invention is as follows：Underground silo 1 for Waste disposal is backfilled after reaching disposition capacity
It blocks, finally disposal site is implemented to close.But within 300 to 500 years disposition periods, the structure in 1 lining cutting of underground silo
The steel case or steel drum of reinforcing bar and waste packet 2 can generate hydrogen due to the corrosion of underground water, and the resin etc. in waste packet 2 has
Machine substance can generate degradation gas under radiation environment, also comprise subterranean microorganisms and decompose the gas generated, in the disposition period
The accumulation of interior gas can influence the structural stability of underground silo 1, need to be discharged to gas.Aerosol when gas release simultaneously
Also radionuclide can be carried to be migrated, therefore need to be filtered processing before gas discharge cavern.But according to disposal site
The principle of design, it is desirable that it is as few as possible after disposal site closing that it is monitored and is safeguarded, therefore in the way of machinery
Airborne radioactivity is filtered and is discharged is undesirable.
The present invention is by being combined various common backfilling materials, it is ensured that gas carried out it while release
Filter, while ensure that the waterproof of cavern.Underground silo 1 uses double linings, the height and waste packet 2 of inside lining 1.1 pre-
The stacking height of meter substantially maintains an equal level, and the cyclic annular clay layer 3 of clay building block composition is filled between inside and outside lining cutting, is used for waterproof and retardance
Nuclein migration.After waste packet 2 reaches disposition capacity, the gap between inside lining 1.1 and waste packet 2 is using filling fine sand annular groove 4
It is filled.When waste packet 2 reaches disposition height, top pours outer lining cutting of the one layer of ventilative concrete slab 5 to underground silo 1
1.2 inner wall.Two to three layers of top clay building block layer 6 is stacked on the top of ventilative concrete slab 5, as the waterproof layer at top,
Top clay building block layer 6 reserves air hole 7 and is used as exhaust passage when piling up, to prevent the building block of top clay building block layer 6 from meeting water
Stick to each other later is filled with fine sand in air hole 7.The remaining space of 1 head cover 1.3 of underground silo is filled out with cataclasite
It fills to form crushing rock stratum 8, so far the filling fine sand annular groove 4 in underground silo 1, concrete slab 5 of breathing freely, air hole 7 and top pressure
Detritus layer 8 is formed the discharge channel of 1 internal gas of underground silo.
After exhaust passage inside underground silo 1 is formed, the gas in underground silo 1 needs that underground silo 1 is discharged, therefore
Design floss hole of the transport discharge channel 13 at 1 top of underground silo as gas.Since gas carries radionuclide, simultaneously
The considerations of for waterproof, needs that transport discharge channel 13 is blocked and filled.First in the top discharging hatch of underground silo 1
Ventilative concrete walls 9 in together are poured, the outside of interior ventilative concrete walls 9 fills certain thickness fine sand and forms filtering fine sand layer
10, filtering fine sand layer 10 is filtered the aerosol for carrying nucleic while ventilative.After filtering the construction of fine sand layer 10,
Its outside pours outer ventilative concrete walls 11 together and is blocked to the fine sand for filtering fine sand layer 10 again, prevents thin after the long period
Husky loss.The outside of outer ventilative concrete walls 11 is stacked into channel clay blockwork 12 with several layers of clay building block again and carries out finally
It blocks, prevents underground water from entering underground silo 1.Finally, by the combination of various backfilling materials, the interior gas generated of underground silo 1
Body transports discharge conveyor channel 13 by top after filtration and is discharged, and is connected to external ventilation channel (not shown) and vertical shaft
(not shown), and it is finally exhausted to external environment.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low and intermediate level radioac with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function disposes library, including it is equipped with inside lining (1.1), outer
The underground silo (1) of lining cutting (1.2) and head cover (1.3), head cover (1.3) side is equipped with transport discharge channel (13), special
Sign is：The filling fine sand annular groove for filling up gap between inside lining (1.1) and waste packet (2) is equipped in the inside lining (1.1)
(4), the ventilative concrete slab (5) that periphery is connected with outer lining cutting (1.2) side wall is equipped at the top of the inside lining (1.1), it is described
The crushing rock stratum (8) for extending to underground silo (1) head cover (1.3), the transport discharge channel are equipped at the top of gas concrete slab (5)
(13) interior ventilative concrete walls (9), the one end of the transport discharge channel (13) close to outlet are equipped with head cover (1.3) connecting place
Equipped with outer ventilative concrete walls (11), the cavity between the interior ventilative concrete walls (9) and outer ventilative concrete walls (11) is set
There is filtering fine sand layer (10), top clay building block layer (6) is equipped between the ventilative concrete slab (5) and crushing rock stratum (8).
2. library is disposed according to the low and intermediate level radioac with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is：Cavity between the inside lining (1.1) and outer lining cutting (1.2) is equipped with cyclic annular clay layer (3).
3. library is disposed according to the low and intermediate level radioac with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is：It is equipped with channel clay blockwork (12) on the outside of the outer ventilative concrete walls (11).
4. the low and intermediate level radioac according to claim 3 with airborne radioactivity filtering emission function disposes library, feature
It is：The ventilative concrete slab (5), interior ventilative concrete walls (9) and outer ventilative concrete walls (11) are celluar concrete
Structure.
5. a kind of low and intermediate level radioac method of disposal with airborne radiogen filtering emission function, it is characterised in that：Including such as
Lower step：
Step 1: the inside lining (1.1) with outer lining cutting (1.2) at a distance is built by laying bricks or stones in underground silo (1), when waste packet
(2) after reaching disposition capacity, fine sand is filled up in the gap between inside lining (1.1) and waste packet (2), forms filling fine sand ring
Slot (4)；
Step 2: the ventilative concrete slab (5) that periphery is connected with outer lining cutting (1.2) side wall is poured at the top of inside lining (1.1), and
The accumulation cataclasite at the top of ventilative concrete slab (5) forms crushing rock stratum (8) until head cover (1.3)；
Step 3: building interior ventilative concrete walls (9) by laying bricks or stones with head cover (1.3) connecting place in transport discharge channel (13), unloaded in transport
Goods channel (13) builds outer ventilative concrete walls (11) by laying bricks or stones close to one end of outlet, and ventilative concrete walls (9) and outer breathe freely are mixed inside
Cavity between solidifying cob wall (11) fills up fine sand, forms filtering fine sand layer (10).
6. the low and intermediate level radioac method of disposal according to claim 5 with airborne radiogen filtering emission function,
It is characterized in that：In the step 1, the cavity between inside lining (1.1) and outer lining cutting (1.2) stacks clay building block, forms ring
Shape clay layer (3)；
In the step 2, after having poured ventilative concrete slab (5), on ventilative concrete slab (5) stack clay building block formed
Top clay building block layer (6) reserves air hole (7), and fills fine sand into air hole (7) when stacking clay building block, then again
Cataclasite is accumulated in top clay building block layer (6), forms crushing rock stratum (8)；
In the step 3, clay building block is stacked on the outside of concrete walls (11) of breathing freely outside, forms channel clay blockwork (12).
7. the low and intermediate level radioac method of disposal according to claim 6 with airborne radiogen filtering emission function,
It is characterized in that：Air hole (7) the horizontal spacing size is less than 1 centimetre.
8. the low and intermediate level radioac according to any one of claims 5 to 7 with airborne radiogen filtering emission function
Method of disposal, it is characterised in that：Building by laying bricks or stones for the inside lining (1.1) highly maintains an equal level with the stacking height of waste packet (2).
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108461170A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-28 | 海南大学 | A kind of novel Deep Geological Disposal of High-level Radioactive Wastes padded coaming and its construction method |
| US20220223309A1 (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2022-07-14 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Passive venting arrangement of stoichiometric hydrogen plus oxygen gases generated in a shielded container |
| CN113903486B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2024-02-23 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Method and structure for low-medium level radioactive waste cave disposal |
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