CN113669109B - Construction method of underground water storage system of strip mine - Google Patents
Construction method of underground water storage system of strip mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113669109B CN113669109B CN202110978028.2A CN202110978028A CN113669109B CN 113669109 B CN113669109 B CN 113669109B CN 202110978028 A CN202110978028 A CN 202110978028A CN 113669109 B CN113669109 B CN 113669109B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/16—Modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for liquids or gases
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Abstract
The application discloses a construction method of an underground water storage system of an open pit mine, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining the boundary of the water storage area; s2: constructing a manual water-resisting layer; s3: constructing a main retaining dam; s4: constructing a rubble water collecting system; s5: constructing a water storage body; s6: forming a hidden underground water storage system. The construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application utilizes the dumping site in the strip mine to construct the underground water storage system, and has the advantages of abundant space, large capacity and low cost; the strip materials of the strip mine are used as materials for building a warehouse and storing water, so that the strip mine is wide in source, convenient to take materials and low in cost; a rubble water collecting system and a water storage body formed by gravels are constructed in the water storage area, so that the water collecting effect is good, and the recycling efficiency of water storage is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of strip mines, in particular to a construction method of an underground water storage system of a strip mine.
Background
The strip mine can influence regional water resource balance while the mineral resources are developed on a large scale to meet the national economic development requirements. On the one hand, in order to ensure the production safety and normal succession of the strip mine, atmospheric precipitation in the pit area and groundwater rushing into the pit are required to be discharged, so that a great deal of drainage cost is generated; on the other hand, in order to meet the environmental requirements of mine production, sprinkling, dust fall, ecological restoration and the like, the strip mine needs to use a large amount of water resources, so that a large amount of water purchasing cost is generated. Therefore, there is a need to build large scale water storage systems to reduce drainage and water purchase.
The existing ground regulation water tank has the problems of large occupied area, easiness in being influenced by climate, high construction cost, high water regulation cost and the like, and a large amount of space is available in the surface mine dumping site, so that the development of a system for storing water by utilizing the pore space in the dumping site is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a construction method of an underground water storage system of an open pit, which is particularly suitable for open pit with abundant atmospheric precipitation or groundwater and a large number of stripping objects in the exploitation process.
The technical scheme of the application provides a construction method of an underground water storage system of an open pit, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the boundary of the water storage area comprises:
taking the lower boundary of the end slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area in the direction perpendicular to the ground surface;
shifting a preset distance into the open pit within a horizontal range to serve as a horizontal area boundary of the water storage area;
s2: constructing a manual water-resisting layer in the open pit, wherein the manual water-resisting layer is connected with an end slope water-resisting layer in an inner soil discharging mode below the lower boundary of the water storage area;
wherein, in the horizontal range, the water storage area is in the boundary range of the artificial water barrier;
s3: constructing a main retaining dam with a trapezoid cross section in an inner soil discharging mode outside the boundary of the horizontal area, wherein the upper boundary of the main retaining dam is higher than the upper boundary of the water storage area, and the lower boundary of the main retaining dam is lower than the lower boundary of the water storage area;
s4: constructing a rubble water collecting system in the water storage area in an internal soil discharging mode, wherein the rubble water collecting system comprises multi-surface rubble walls which are radially arranged;
s5: discharging gravel between any two adjacent rubble walls in an inner soil discharging mode to construct a water storage body;
s6: and discharging soil into the water storage area in an inner soil discharge mode to cover the rubble water collecting system and the water storage body to form a hidden underground water storage system.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
s7: construction of pumping hole, water injection hole and monitoring hole from top to water storage area
The water injection hole is positioned at one end of the rubble wall, which is far away from the center of the rubble water collection system, and the monitoring hole is positioned at the boundary of the water storage body.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
and constructing auxiliary retaining dams at the inner side and the outer side of the main retaining dam in an inner soil discharging mode.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
constructing a plurality of vertically extending grouting holes in the main retaining dam, wherein the lower ends of the grouting holes extend into the artificial water-resisting layer;
injecting cementing agent into the grouting holes.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
the distance between two adjacent grouting holes is 1-1.5 times of the height of the main retaining dam.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
a high-level water-resisting layer is constructed around the main retaining dam in an inner soil discharging mode.
In one alternative, the slope of the main retaining dam is between 20 ° and 25 °.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
and when the horizontal area is bordered, the preset distance of the deviation into the open pit is 5-7 times of the average height of the end slope aquifer.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
when the artificial water barrier is constructed:
if the height of the construction space is less than or equal to 10m, discarding the easily-glued mudstone material to the construction space, and tamping the construction space in a reciprocating manner by adopting an engineering vehicle;
if the height of the construction space is greater than 10m, firstly, the stripping material is discharged into the space below 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area, then the easily-glued mudstone material is discharged into the space within 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area, and the engineering vehicle is adopted for reciprocating compaction.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
in determining the upper and lower boundaries of the water reservoir:
selecting upper and lower boundaries corresponding to the end slope aquifer in the stratum exposed by the end slope of the strip mine to determine the upper and lower boundaries of the water storage area;
if the height of the end-slope aquifer exceeds 45m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area, and taking a plane 45m higher than the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the upper boundary of the water storage area;
when the height of the end-slope aquifer is less than 30m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area, and taking a plane which is higher than the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer by 30m as the upper boundary of the water storage area;
and when the height of the end-slope aquifer is larger than 30m and smaller than 45m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area and taking the upper boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the upper boundary of the water storage area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application utilizes the dumping site in the strip mine to construct the underground water storage system, and has the advantages of abundant space, large capacity and low cost; the strip materials of the strip mine are used as materials for building a warehouse and storing water, so that the strip mine is wide in source, convenient to take materials and low in cost; a rubble water collecting system and a water storage body formed by gravels are constructed in the water storage area, so that the water collecting effect is good, and the recycling efficiency of water storage is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of constructing an underground water storage system for a strip mine provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an open pit formed in an end wall of an open pit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an artificial isolation layer constructed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a main dam, an auxiliary dam and a high-level isolation layer constructed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a water reservoir being constructed in a water reservoir;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a water injection hole and a water pumping hole being constructed from the backfill soil above into the water storage area;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rubble water collection system constructed in a water storage area;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the underground water storage system when the water storage body has not been covered by backfill.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the method for constructing an underground water storage system of a strip mine according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
s1: determining the boundaries of the water reservoir 500 includes:
the lower boundary of the end-upper aquifer 3 is defined as the lower boundary of the water storage 500 in the direction perpendicular to the ground surface.
Within the horizontal range, a predetermined distance is shifted into the pit 300 as a horizontal area boundary of the water storage area 500.
S2: the artificial water-barrier layer 5 is constructed so as to be internally discharged under the lower boundary of the water storage area 500 in the pit 300, and the artificial water-barrier layer 5 is connected to the end-side water-barrier layer 2.
Wherein, in the horizontal range, the water storage area 500 is within the boundary range of the artificial water barrier 5.
S3: a main retaining dam 6 having a trapezoid cross section is constructed outside the boundary of the horizontal area in such a manner that the soil is discharged inside, the upper boundary of the main retaining dam 6 is higher than the upper boundary of the water storage area 500, and the lower boundary of the main retaining dam 6 is lower than the lower boundary of the water storage area 500.
S4: a rubble water collecting system 9 is constructed in the water storage area 500 in such a manner that the earth is internally discharged, wherein the rubble water collecting system 9 includes a multi-faceted rubble wall 91 arranged in a radial manner.
S5: gravel is discharged between any adjacent double rubble walls 91 in an inner dumping manner to construct the water storage body 10.
S6: the rubble water collecting system 9 and the water storing body 10 are covered by the earth discharged into the water storing area 500 in an inner earth discharging mode, so as to form a hidden underground water storing system.
The strip mine of the application adopts an internal dumping operation mode to operate, and can also be called an internal dumping strip mine.
The strip mine forms an end slope after coal mining, and comprises a side end slope 200 along the working line trend and a rear end slope 100 at the rear end of the working line trend, wherein the rear end slope 100 is a non-working end slope, and the side end slope 200 is a working end slope.
The end upper is provided with an end upper bottom layer 1, an end upper water-resisting layer 2, an end upper water-bearing layer 3 and an end upper layer 4 from bottom to bottom. The end upper layer 1 and the end upper layer 4 may be subdivided into a plurality of layers, which is not related to the application, so that the end upper layer below the end upper water-resistant layer 2 is referred to as an end upper layer in the application, and the end upper layer above the end upper water-resistant layer 3 is referred to as an end upper layer in the application. The end upper water-resisting layer 2 is an underground original water-resisting layer, and the end upper water-resisting layer 3 is an underground original water-resisting layer. After mining, open pit 300 is formed in the highwall, and stripping steps 400 are formed between adjacent layers.
The construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application is that the water storage system is formed in the strip pit 300, and then is filled back and covered to form the underground water storage system hidden underground.
The construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application comprises the following construction steps:
first, the boundary of the water storage area 500 is determined according to the geographical location of the strip mine, the depth, area, etc. of the strip pit 300. The boundaries of the water storage region 500 include upper and lower boundaries in a vertical direction to define the depth of the water storage region 500. The boundaries of the water storage region 500 also include horizontal region boundaries within a horizontal range to determine the lateral area of the water storage region 500.
Specifically, with the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer 3 as the lower boundary of the water storage region 500, the upper boundary of the water storage region 500 may be flush with the upper boundary of the end-slope aquifer 3, the upper boundary of the water storage region 500 may be lower than the upper boundary of the end-slope aquifer 3, and the upper boundary of the water storage region 500 may be higher than the upper boundary of the end-slope aquifer 3, depending on the thickness of the end-slope aquifer 3.
With the side and rear highwalls 200, 100 as starting positions, a predetermined distance is offset into the open pit 300 in the horizontal range as the horizontal region boundary of the water storage area 500. The U-shaped water storage area 500 may be closed in the direction along the working line or along the side end lasting 200 as actually required to form a closed water storage area 500.
After the boundary of the water storage area 500 is determined, the artificial water barrier 5 is constructed below the lower boundary of the water storage area 500 in the open pit 300, wherein the artificial water barrier 5 is constructed so as to drain the soil into the open pit 300. The artificial waterproof layer 5 is connected with the end upper waterproof layer 2, so that good waterproof performance is achieved.
In the horizontal range, the area of the artificial water-blocking layer 5 is larger than that of the water storage region 500, and the water storage region 500 is within the boundary range of the artificial water-blocking layer 5, so that the water storage region 500 can be effectively blocked, and water in the water storage region 500 is prevented from leaking downwards.
After the artificial isolation layer 5 is constructed, a main water-blocking dam 6 is constructed above the artificial isolation layer 5, the main water-blocking dam 6 surrounding the horizontal region boundary of the water storage region 500. The top surface of the main retaining dam 6 is higher than the upper boundary of the water storage area 500, the bottom surface of the main retaining dam 6 is positioned in the artificial water-resisting layer 5, and the lower boundary of the main retaining dam 6 is lower than the lower boundary of the water storage area 500, so that the water storage area 500 is enclosed into a reservoir.
The main retaining dam 6 is constructed in such a manner that the main retaining dam 6 is discharged into the open pit 300, and the cross section of the main retaining dam 6 is trapezoidal and has a wide bottom and a narrow top. On the one hand, stability of the base is improved and on the other hand, the water above is facilitated to collect in the water storage area 500 along the inclined surface of the main water retaining dam 6.
When the main retaining dam 6 is constructed, the rear dam 61 may be constructed first, the side dam 62 may be constructed gradually as the strip mine advances, and when the length of the side dam 62 meets the requirement (for example, 300m long), the front dam 63 may be constructed to close the water storage area 500.
After the main water blocking dam 6 is constructed, a rubble water collecting system 9 is constructed in the water storage area 500, wherein the rubble water collecting system 9 includes a multi-faceted rubble wall 91 arranged in a radial manner.
The rubble is stone with granularity more than 2 cm. The rubble water collection system 9 includes a multi-faceted rubble wall 91, and the multi-faceted rubble wall 91 is disposed radially outward from the middle of the water storage area 500, for example, in a "rice" shape. Because of the large pores of the rubble, the peripheral water can be collected more rapidly to the center of the water storage area 500.
The rubble water collecting system 9 is constructed by discharging rubble into the water storage area 500, and the strip of the strip mine is used as a material for building a warehouse and storing water, so that the material is wide in source, convenient to take and low in cost.
After the rubble water collection system 9 is constructed, the water storage body 10 is constructed between any adjacent rubble walls 91. The water storage body 10 is composed of gravel having a particle size of less than 2 cm.
The method comprises the following steps: gravel is discharged between any adjacent double rubble walls 91 in an inner dumping manner to construct the water storage body 10. The water storage body 10 is discharged from the center of the surrounding water storage area 500 at a time according to the designed height, so that compaction in the discharging process is reduced, and the water storage effect is improved.
The water storage body 10 is about 2-3m below the main retaining dam 6, avoiding water outflow from the top of the dam.
After the water storage body 10 is constructed, the water is discharged into the water storage area 500 in an inner soil discharge manner, and the surface soil covers the rubble water collection system 9 and the water storage body 10, thereby forming a hidden underground water storage system.
The backfill or the inner dumping can be backfilled to be as high as the upper layer 4 of the end wall or lower than the upper layer 4 of the end wall, as long as the backfill or the inner dumping covers the rubble water collecting system 9 and the water storage body 10.
Therefore, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application utilizes the dumping site in the strip mine to construct the underground water storage system, and has the advantages of abundant space, large capacity and low cost; the strip materials of the strip mine are used as materials for building a warehouse and storing water, so that the strip mine is wide in source, convenient to take materials and low in cost; a rubble water collecting system and a water storage body formed by gravels are constructed in the water storage area, so that the water collecting effect is good, and the recycling efficiency of water storage is improved.
In one embodiment, multiple underground water storage systems may be built at intervals in the strip mine propulsion direction to meet the water transfer storage and time sharing call needs in the strip pit 300.
In one of the alternative technical schemes, the construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
s7: the water pumping hole 11, the water injection hole 12 and the monitoring hole 13 are constructed in the water storage area 500 from the top. Wherein the water pumping hole 11 is positioned at the center of the rubble water collecting system 9, and the water injection hole 12 is positioned at one end of the rubble wall 91 away from the center of the rubble water collecting system 9. The monitoring holes 13 are located at the boundary of the water storage body 10, that is, the monitoring holes 13 are located immediately inside the main dam 6.
After the uppermost stripping step 400 of the dumping site is formed, the water pumping hole 11 and the water injection hole 12 are constructed from top to bottom. The water pumping hole 11 is arranged in the center of the rubble water collecting system 9, and a stainless steel wire gauze is placed at the bottom to filter water seepage. A plurality of water injection holes 12 are formed at the periphery of the rubble water collection system 9, and can be stored in the water storage area 500 by injecting water into the water injection holes 12. The water injection hole 12 can also be used as a monitoring hole when not in operation. The monitoring holes 13 are arranged near the boundary of the water storage body 10 for observing the water level of the water storage area 500, ensuring that it does not exceed the water retaining dam. When the water level in the water storage area 500 is higher than the warning value, water is discharged outward from the water suction hole 11 by the water suction pump.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps: an auxiliary retaining dam 7 is constructed on the inner side and the outer side of the main retaining dam 6 in an inner soil discharging mode.
After the main retaining dam 6 is constructed, auxiliary retaining dams 7 are respectively constructed at the inner side and the outer side of the main retaining dam 6. The mudstone materials or clay materials are discharged from the two sides of the main retaining dam 6 as auxiliary retaining dams 7, the width of the upper part of the auxiliary retaining dams 7 is 1.5 times of the height of the upper and lower boundaries of the water storage area 500, and the slope gradient is 20-25 degrees. The auxiliary water-retaining dam 7 plays a role in enhancing the seepage prevention.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
a plurality of vertically extending grouting holes are constructed in the main retaining dam 6, and the lower ends of the grouting holes extend into the artificial water-resisting layer 5. Injecting cementing agent into the grouting holes.
And (3) drilling grouting holes downwards at the top of the main retaining dam 6, and injecting cementing agent to block cracks in the main retaining dam 6 to form a watertight retaining dam. The grouting holes penetrate into the artificial water-resisting layer 5 for about 1-3 m, so that the water-resisting effect is improved.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps: the distance between two adjacent grouting holes is 1-1.5 times of the height of the main retaining dam 6, which is beneficial to forming a complete warehouse body seepage-proofing system.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps: a high-level water-resisting layer 8 is constructed around the main retaining dam 6 in an inner soil discharging mode.
The mudstone material which is easy to cement is discharged and repeatedly tamped within the range of 2-3m above the lower boundary of the water storage area 500, and the thickness of the high-level water-resisting layer 8 is about 2 m. The high-level water-resisting layer 8 is positioned around the main water-retaining dam 6 and plays a role in preventing water from leaking outwards.
In one embodiment, the slope of the main dam 6 is between 20 ° and 25 ° to facilitate the collection of water into the water storage area 500.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
at the level zone boundary, the predetermined distance of the offset into the pit 300 is 5-7 times the average height of the end-cap aquifer 3.
At the level zone boundary, the distance of 5-7 times the average height of the end-slope aquifer 3 is offset into the pit 300 with the rear end-slope 100 and the side end-slope 200 as starting points, as the rear boundary and the two side boundaries of the water storage zone 500, to ensure that the underground water storage system does not affect the recovery of the underground water conservancy connection after the pit mining is finished.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
when the artificial water barrier 5 is constructed:
and if the height of the construction space is less than or equal to 10m, discarding the easily-glued mudstone material into the construction space, and tamping the mudstone material in a reciprocating manner by adopting an engineering vehicle.
If the height of the construction space is greater than 10m, firstly, the peeled material (any waste can be discharged) is discharged into the space below 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area 500, then the easily-glued mudstone material is discharged into the space below 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area 500, and the construction vehicle is adopted for reciprocating compaction.
In one embodiment, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine further comprises the following steps:
in determining the upper and lower boundaries of the water reservoir 500:
the upper and lower boundaries of the water reservoir 500 are determined by selecting the corresponding upper and lower boundaries of the highwall aquifer 3 in the exposed formation of the highwall.
If the height of the end-upper aquifer 3 exceeds 45m, the lower boundary of the end-upper aquifer 3 is taken as the lower boundary of the water storage region 500, and the plane with the height Yu Duan of the lower boundary 45m of the end-upper aquifer 3 is taken as the upper boundary of the water storage region 500.
If the height of the end-upper aquifer 3 is less than 30m, the lower boundary of the end-upper aquifer 3 is set as the lower boundary of the water storage region 500, and the plane of the lower boundary 30m of the upper aquifer 3 is set as the upper boundary of the water storage region 500 at Yu Duan.
If the height of the end-upper aquifer 3 is greater than 30m but less than 45m, the lower boundary of the end-upper aquifer 3 is used as the lower boundary of the water storage region 500, and the upper boundary of the end-upper aquifer 3 is used as the upper boundary of the water storage region 500.
The height of the underground water storage system is coordinated with the outdoor dumping operation and the dumping site stratum restoration, the requirement of water storage capacity is met, and the dam construction difficulty is reduced as much as possible.
In summary, the method for constructing the underground water storage system of the strip mine provided by the application utilizes the dumping site in the strip mine to construct the underground water storage system, and has the advantages of abundant space, large capacity and low cost; the strip materials of the strip mine are used as materials for building a warehouse and storing water, so that the strip mine is wide in source, convenient to take materials and low in cost; a rubble water collecting system and a water storage body formed by gravels are constructed in the water storage area, so that the water collecting effect is good, and the recycling efficiency of water storage is improved.
The above technical schemes can be combined according to the need to achieve the best technical effect.
What has been described above is merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that several other variants are possible to those skilled in the art on the basis of the principle of the application and should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The construction method of the underground water storage system of the strip mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: determining the boundary of the water storage area comprises:
taking the lower boundary of the end slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area in the direction perpendicular to the ground surface;
shifting a preset distance into the open pit within a horizontal range to serve as a horizontal area boundary of the water storage area;
s2: constructing a manual water-resisting layer in the open pit, wherein the manual water-resisting layer is connected with an end slope water-resisting layer in an inner soil discharging mode below the lower boundary of the water storage area;
wherein, in the horizontal range, the water storage area is in the boundary range of the artificial water barrier;
s3: constructing a main retaining dam with a trapezoid cross section in an inner soil discharging mode outside the boundary of the horizontal area, wherein the upper boundary of the main retaining dam is higher than the upper boundary of the water storage area, and the lower boundary of the main retaining dam is lower than the lower boundary of the water storage area;
constructing a plurality of vertically extending grouting holes in the main retaining dam, wherein the distance between two adjacent grouting holes is 1-1.5 times of the height of the main retaining dam, the lower ends of the grouting holes extend into the artificial water-resisting layer, cementing agents are injected into the grouting holes, and the internal cracks of the main retaining dam are blocked;
s4: constructing a rubble water collecting system in the water storage area in an internal soil discharging mode, wherein the rubble water collecting system comprises radially arranged multi-surface rubble walls, rubble is stone with granularity larger than 2cm, and the multi-surface rubble walls are radially arranged outwards from the middle of the water storage area so as to collect peripheral water to the center of the water storage area more quickly;
s5: discharging gravel with the grain diameter smaller than 2cm between any two adjacent rubble walls in an inner soil discharging mode to construct a water storage body, wherein the water storage body is discharged from the periphery to the center of the water storage area at a designed height for one time, so that compaction in the discharging process is reduced, and the water storage effect is improved;
s6: discharging soil into the water storage area in an inner soil discharging mode to cover the rubble water collecting system and the water storage body to form a hidden underground water storage system;
s7: construction of pumping hole, water injection hole and monitoring hole from top to water storage area
The water injection hole is positioned at one end of the rubble wall, which is far away from the center of the rubble water collection system, and the monitoring hole is positioned at the boundary of the water storage body.
2. The method of constructing an underground water storage system for strip mines according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and constructing auxiliary retaining dams at the inner side and the outer side of the main retaining dam in an inner soil discharging mode.
3. The method of constructing an underground water storage system for strip mines according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
a high-level water-resisting layer is constructed around the main retaining dam in an inner soil discharging mode.
4. The method of constructing an underground water storage system for strip mines according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the main retaining dam is between 20 ° and 25 °.
5. The method for constructing an underground water storage system of a strip mine as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
and when the horizontal area is bordered, the preset distance of the deviation into the open pit is 5-7 times of the average height of the end slope aquifer.
6. The method for constructing an underground water storage system of a strip mine as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
when the artificial water barrier is constructed:
if the height of the construction space is less than or equal to 10m, discarding the easily-glued mudstone material to the construction space, and tamping the construction space in a reciprocating manner by adopting an engineering vehicle;
if the height of the construction space is greater than 10m, firstly, the stripping material is discharged into the space below 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area, then the easily-glued mudstone material is discharged into the space within 10m from the lower boundary of the water storage area, and the engineering vehicle is adopted for reciprocating compaction.
7. The method for constructing an underground water storage system of a strip mine as set forth in claim 1, wherein,
in determining the upper and lower boundaries of the water reservoir:
selecting upper and lower boundaries corresponding to the end slope aquifer in the stratum exposed by the end slope of the strip mine to determine the upper and lower boundaries of the water storage area;
if the height of the end-slope aquifer exceeds 45m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area, and taking a plane 45m higher than the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the upper boundary of the water storage area;
when the height of the end-slope aquifer is less than 30m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area, and taking a plane which is higher than the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer by 30m as the upper boundary of the water storage area;
and when the height of the end-slope aquifer is larger than 30m and smaller than 45m, taking the lower boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the lower boundary of the water storage area and taking the upper boundary of the end-slope aquifer as the upper boundary of the water storage area.
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