CN106401147A - Flue type composite wall of northern rural residence - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue-type composite wall for a northern rural residence. The flue in the S-shaped composite wall is arranged inside the east and west gables. The east and west gables are composed of a load-bearing outer leaf wall and an inner leaf wall. The flue in the composite wall is The inner wall of the composite wall is provided with a fireproof veneer, and an outer insulation wall is provided between the flue in the composite wall and the load-bearing outer leaf wall. The inner leaf wall is composed of vertical bucket bricks and an inner insulation wall. The inner insulation wall is close to the flue in the composite wall. In the flue in the compound wall, the tie reinforcement is arranged every one meter along the width direction of the flue in the compound wall. The gas inlet is connected, the smoke inlet of the kang tip is connected with the smoke inlet of the kang head through the flue of the heated kang, and the flue of the heated kang is connected with the stove through the smoke inlet of the kang head; the smoke exhaust port of the chimney is arranged diagonally with the smoke inlet of the kang tip. It solves the problems of high heating energy consumption, low thermal efficiency, serious indoor pollution and poor indoor thermal comfort in northern rural areas in the prior art.

Description

Flue-type composite wall for residential buildings in northern rural areas

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of winter heating equipment and construction for northern rural residences, and relates to a flue-type composite wall for northern rural residences.

Background technique

The population of rural residents in my country is 674 million, and the number of rural residents in the northern region is more than 250 million. Due to the cold winter, heating energy consumption accounts for more than 80% of the total energy consumption in rural areas. To reach the average indoor temperature of the city, the rural energy consumption is more than 1.5 times higher than the urban energy consumption. At present, the reasons for the high energy consumption of heating in northern rural areas in winter are: first, farmers lack awareness of energy conservation, the shape coefficient of houses is too large, and the thermal insulation performance of the enclosure structure is poor. The energy loss caused by heat transfer through the outer wall accounts for about 35-45% of the total energy consumption is lost, and condensation, dampness, even mildew, and dripping water often appear on the surfaces of the east and west gables in the room; secondly, due to limited economic conditions, the heating form in northern rural areas is single, and most of them are still The heated kang or the kang combined with cooking are used for heating, and the fuel used is basically unprocessed stalks or straw, which has low combustion efficiency and serious pollution, resulting in a large waste of domestic energy. It can be seen that to improve the living environment in northern rural areas, we must first consider the economic conditions of farmers, and explore and seek cheap building energy-saving technologies that can be accepted by farmers without increasing the energy consumption of buildings.

In the 1980s, with the emergence of a new type of wall structure with hollow blocks, a ventilated wall was constructed in view of the fact that its hollow parts were always connected up and down. The exhaust air of the air conditioning system, the tunnel wind and the cool night air are introduced into the wall, and a fan is installed at the exhaust outlet to provide power to make the air flow. With a small energy consumption, the impact of the outdoor on the indoor environment is weakened, and the architectural design is realized. energy saving.

According to our tests on 12 rural houses with sandwich composite walls in northern rural areas for two consecutive winters, we found the following problems: First, after farmers built energy-saving buildings with good airtightness, the walls were damaged due to lack of good ventilation. The increased humidity load will cause the insulation layer to absorb moisture and get damp, which will reduce the insulation effect. Large areas of black spots, long hairs, and mildew will appear on the wall surface, and even condensation and frost heaves will occur inside the wall; the second is the combustion efficiency of the farmhouse kang Even at the coldest temperature, although the combustion temperature of the stove mouth reaches 350-400 degrees, the temperature of the smoke discharged into the chimney from the end of the heated kang also reaches 100-120 degrees, and the temperature at the chimney outlet is 70-90 degrees. The air flow resistance is small, resulting in a heat loss of more than 30% of the flue gas exhaust, and the average heat gain efficiency of the heated kang is less than 50%, a large amount of effective energy is wasted; the third is serious indoor pollution, such as CO, CO ₂ , PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO ₂ , NH ₃ and TVOC exceeded the standard by 28%, 71%, 97%, 79%, 63%, 99%, 13% and 20% respectively, and the indoor thermal comfort was poor.

Contents of the invention

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a flue-type composite wall for northern rural houses. According to the characteristics of the northern rural wall, the interlayer cavity of the wall is used to form the flue in the composite wall, and the hot flue gas is realized in the wall. Flow heat exchange, through the opening and closing of the flue gas damper, can not only recover the waste heat of the flue gas, but also achieve the function of thermal insulation and moisture insulation for the wall, which solves the problem of high energy consumption and thermal efficiency in winter heating in northern rural areas in the prior art. low, serious indoor pollution and poor indoor thermal comfort.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a flue-type composite wall for a northern rural residence, including a kang stove, a flue for a heated kang, a flue inside the composite wall, a fire-proof veneer, an inner leaf wall, an outer thermal insulation wall, and a load-bearing outer wall. Leaf walls, tie bars and chimneys; the S-shaped composite wall internal flue is set inside the east and west gables, the east and west gables are composed of load-bearing outer leaf walls and inner leaf walls, and the inner wall of the composite wall flue is provided with fireproof panels , there is an outer insulation wall between the flue in the composite wall and the load-bearing outer leaf wall, the inner leaf wall is composed of vertical bucket bricks and the inner insulation wall, the inner insulation wall is close to the flue in the composite wall, and the flue in the composite wall In the passage, a tie bar is arranged every one meter along the width direction of the flue in the composite wall. The smoke inlet of the top of the kang is connected with the smoke inlet of the kang head through the flue of the heated kang, and the flue of the heated kang is connected with the stove through the smoke inlet of the top of the kang; the smoke exhaust port of the chimney is arranged diagonally with the smoke inlet of the top of the kang.

The present invention is also characterized in that, further, a flue gas damper that can be opened and closed is provided at the smoke inlet of the kang tip.

Further, the external thermal insulation leaf wall is a double-layer brick structure.

Further, the thickness of the vertical bucket brick is 60mm, the thickness of the inner insulation wall is 120mm, the width of the flue in the composite wall is 80-90cm, the thickness of the fireproof veneer is 55-210mm, and the thickness of the outer insulation leaf wall is 240mm.

Further, the smoke outlet of the chimney is provided with an induced fan, and the power of the induced fan is 150W.

Further, the fireproof veneer board adopts fireproof coating board DL-111.

Further, a flue insert plate that can be opened and closed is provided at the flue gas inlet of the kang head, and ribs for supporting the flue of the kang are provided inside the kang.

Further, the top of the chimney is provided with a cover.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The design of the original heated kang in the countryside is to exhaust smoke through the chimney under the action of heat pressure and wind pressure, but the flue composite wall of the present invention is completely different from the existing chimney structure, taking into account two functions: when burning a fire, open the smoke barrier The air damper can prevent the backflow of flue gas, strengthen the convective heat transfer of flue gas on the gas-solid surface, and recover the waste heat of flue gas at the same time, reduce heating energy consumption, improve thermal efficiency, and avoid indoor flue gas pollution; when not burning, close the flue gas damper The air damper and the flue in the composite wall can form a closed gas cavity to minimize the heat transfer performance of the gas, and rationally use the thermal inertia of the closed cavity to achieve the purpose of heat preservation and moisture insulation and improve indoor thermal comfort.

(2) The flue gas produced by the direct combustion of biomass fuel is used to heat the kang body. The flow of high-temperature flue gas into the flue wall will cause the thermal stress deformation of the wall. A tie bar is set in the width direction of the inner flue, which strengthens the structural strength of the wall, avoids possible leakage and cracking at the stress peak, and effectively prolongs the service life of the wall.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner leaf wall in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the flue in the composite wall in Fig. 1 .

In the figure, 1. flue inserting plate, 2. flue gas damper, 3. chimney, 4. induced draft fan, 5. flue inside the compound wall, 6. fire-proof veneer, 7. inner leaf wall, 8 .External thermal insulation wall, 9. Load-bearing outer leaf wall, 10. Tie steel bar, 11. Kang stove, 12. Rib plate, 13. Fired kang flue, 14. Vertical bucket brick, 15. Inner thermal insulation wall, 16. Flue retaining wall.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The structure of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-3, comprises kang stove 11, flue inserting plate 1, heated kang flue 13, rib plate 12, flue gas damper 2, chimney 3, induced draft fan 4, composite wall Internal flue 5, fireproof veneer 6, inner leaf wall 7, outer insulation wall 8, load-bearing outer leaf wall 9 and tie bars 10. The flue 5 in the compound wall is set inside the east and west gables. The east and west gables are composed of a load-bearing outer leaf wall 9 and an inner leaf wall 7. The inner wall of the flue 5 in the compound wall is provided with a fireproof veneer 6. The flue in the compound wall 5 and the load-bearing outer leaf wall 9 are provided with an outer thermal insulation wall 8, the inner leaf wall 7 is composed of vertical bucket bricks 14 and an inner thermal insulation wall 15, and the inner thermal insulation wall 15 is close to the flue 5 in the composite wall, and the flue gas in the composite wall A tie bar 10 is arranged every one meter along the width direction of the flue 5 in the compound wall in the road 5, and the upper end of the flue 5 in the compound wall is connected with the chimney 3, and the smoke outlet of the chimney 3 is provided with an induced draft fan 4 , discharge the flue gas produced in the furnace, and maintain a certain negative pressure in the furnace to overcome the pressure loss in the tail flue (including the dust collector). The induced draft fan 4 is also called a suction fan; the top of the chimney 3 is provided with a cover for Block the frontal wind to prevent the smoke from pouring down, and at the same time prevent rainwater from dripping into the chimney 3; The channel 13 is connected, and the flue 13 of the heated kang is connected with the stove 11 through the smoke inlet of the kang head; the ribs 12 for supporting the flue 13 of the heated kang are arranged in the heated kang, and the smoke exhaust port of the chimney 3 is arranged diagonally to the smoke inlet of the tip of the kang , be provided with the flue gas damper 2 that can be opened and closed at the flue gas inlet of the kang tip, the flue gas inlet of the kang head is provided with the flue inserting plate 1, open when burning the kang and form the flue gas passage, insert when not burning , to avoid the flow of cold wind and the air in the flue in the composite wall.

The structure of the flue 5 in the composite wall is shown in Figure 4. The flue 5 in the composite wall is located inside the east and west gables, and the flue retaining wall 16 is used to form an S shape inside the east and west gables to increase the heat flow of the flue gas. Circulation time inside the east and west gables.

Vertical bucket bricks 14 are also called hanging bucket bricks and vertical bricks. Do not bucket bricks and plaster on both sides. Since the inner wall does not need to bear load, and the flue wall is used and has insulation, so the inner wall vertical bucket bricks can reduce the cost , save space, the thickness of the vertical bucket brick 14 is 60mm; the thickness of the inner insulation wall is 120mm, the width of the flue 5 in the composite wall is 80-90cm, and the fireproof coating board 6 is fireproof coating board DL-111, fireproof coating board DL-111 includes a base layer of rock wool board, and a layer of fireproof paint is coated on the front and back of the base layer of rock wool board respectively. It has low density and light weight, and is easy to transport and construct. This product expands in case of fire, and the gas released is non-toxic, harmless, environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and has no halogen components. It is suitable for fire protection of cables with various voltage levels in electric power, petroleum, petrochemical, metallurgy, communication, construction and other industries. The thickness of the fireproof veneer 6 is 55-210mm, the thickness of the outer insulation leaf wall 8 is 240mm, and the outer insulation leaf wall 8 utilizes double-layer brick construction to enhance the insulation effect; the power of the induced draft fan 4 is 150W, and the thickness of the inner leaf wall 7 is 60mm.

The length of the heated kang is arranged by the indoor width, and the flue 5 in the composite wall utilizes the east-west gable, and the height of the flue 5 in the composite wall is the height of the gable. 3.5 meters, the height of the chimney above the roof is 1-1.5 meters.

Working process of the present invention:

When adopting biomass fuel to burn in kang stove 11, when closing flue inserting plate 1, the heat of biomass fuel only provides heat for stove top, does not heat kang body and body of wall; Open flue inserting plate 1, close flue gas baffle When the damper 2 is used, the stove and the kang body are heated at the same time; when the flue insert 1 and the flue gas damper 2 are opened at the same time, the stove, the kang body and the wall are heated at the same time; therefore, it can be reasonably controlled according to actual needs The opening and closing of the flue inserting plate 1 and the flue gas damper 2 not only meets the heat demand but also saves energy.

When the fire is not burning, the flue gas damper 2 is closed, and the flue 5 in the composite wall can form a closed gas cavity, which reduces the heat transfer performance of the gas to a minimum, and reasonably utilizes the thermal inertia of the closed cavity to achieve thermal insulation. Wet purpose, improve indoor thermal comfort; the inner and outer sides of the flue 5 in the composite wall are equipped with fireproof veneer 6, and the fireproof veneer 6 is a fireproof coating board DL-111, which has good fireproof performance. To prevent the wall from igniting due to excessive flue gas temperature in the flue 5 in the composite wall; an external thermal insulation wall 8 is provided between the fireproof veneer panel 6 and the load-bearing outer leaf wall 9 to prevent the heat from the flue 5 in the composite wall from being transferred to The air outside the house is provided with an inner insulation wall 15 between the fireproof veneer 6 and the vertical bucket brick 14, and a tie bar 10 is arranged horizontally every one meter in the flue 5 in the composite wall, which strengthens the structural strength of the wall and avoids Leakage and cracking may occur at the stress peak, which effectively prolongs the service life of the wall.

Effect verification of the present invention:

When burning a kang, open the flue gas damper 2, according to our calculation, enter the average flow rate of the flue 5 in the composite wall by the flue gas to be 0.055kg/s, about 25% of the recyclable flue gas exhaustion loss, make The comprehensive thermal efficiency of the kang wall is increased from about 45% to more than 70%. According to the fact that 1kg of corn stalks is burned to produce 21.5kg of flue gas, and the average daily consumption of 10.5kg of corn stalks is used, the waste heat of flue gas can be saved by 10%. Heating energy consumption saves more than 1100kg of straw per household per year, and at the same time avoids moisture condensation on the surface and interior of the wall. And after the cease-fire or during the heating transition period, the flue gas damper 2 is closed, and the flue 5 in the composite wall forms a closed cavity. Since the thermal conductivity of the gas is much lower than that of the solid insulation material, it can also realize heat preservation and moisture insulation.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in the process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall is it is characterised in that including a heatable brick bed stove (11), heated kang flue (13), answering Close body of wall inner flue (5), fireproof overlay plate (6), internal lobe wall (7), external thermal insulation wall (8), load-bearing siphonal lobe wall (9), steel tie And chimney (3) (10)；The combined wall inner flue (5) of S-shaped is arranged on inside thing gable, and thing gable is by load-bearing siphonal lobe wall (9) constitute with internal lobe wall (7), the inwall of combined wall inner flue (5) is provided with fireproof overlay plate (6), combined wall inner flue (5) It is provided with external thermal insulation wall (8) and load-bearing siphonal lobe wall (9) between, internal lobe wall (7) is made up of vertical bucket brick (14) and inside heat insulation wall (15), its Middle inside heat insulation wall (15) is in combined wall inner flue (5), combined wall inner flue (5) every one meter of cigarette along along combined wall The width in road (5) arranges a steel tie (10), and the upper end of combined wall inner flue (5) is connected with chimney (3), is combined The lower end of body of wall inner flue (5) is connected with a heatable brick bed tip gas approach, and a heatable brick bed tip gas approach passes through heated kang flue with warmer end of a kang gas approach (13) connect, heated kang flue (13) is connected with a heatable brick bed stove (11) by warmer end of a kang gas approach；The exhaust opening of chimney (3) and a heatable brick bed tip flue gas Import is diagonally positioned.

2. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described a heatable brick bed tip cigarette Gas entrance be provided with can open, the flue gas closed keeps out the wind flashboard (2).

3. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described external thermal insulation Leaf wall (8) is double-deck brick structure.

4. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described vertical bucket brick (14) thickness is 60mm, and the thickness of inside heat insulation wall (15) is 120mm, combined wall inner flue (5) width 80-90cm, fire prevention patch The thickness of panel (6) is 55-210mm, and the thickness of external thermal insulation leaf wall (8) is 240mm.

5. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described chimney (3) exhaust opening is provided with air-introduced machine (4), and air-introduced machine (4) power is 150W.

6. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fire prevention is pasted Panel (6) adopts fireproof coated board DL-111.

7. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described warmer end of a kang cigarette Gas entrance is provided with the flue plugboard (1) that can open, close, and is provided with to support the floor of heated kang flue (13) in heated kang (12).

8. a kind of northern country residence chimney neck type combined wall according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described chimney (3) top is provided with lid.