CN106400010A - Metal surface mechanically-assisted electric heat alloying preparation method - Google Patents
Metal surface mechanically-assisted electric heat alloying preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106400010A CN106400010A CN201610356725.3A CN201610356725A CN106400010A CN 106400010 A CN106400010 A CN 106400010A CN 201610356725 A CN201610356725 A CN 201610356725A CN 106400010 A CN106400010 A CN 106400010A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal surface mechanically-assisted electric heat alloying preparation method. The method comprises the first step of pretreatment of a base body of a metal workpiece to be alloyed, the second step of electric heat alloying electrode preparation, the third step of electric heat alloying equipment assembly, the fourth step of electric heat alloying preparation and the fifth step of grinding and polishing of the base body of the alloyed metal workpiece. The preparation method has the advantages that the prepared alloyed layer is compact and uniform, no brittle ceramic, nitride, oxide or other matter is formed, the alloyed layer is in metallurgical bonding with the base body, no obvious interface is formed, and a strengthened layer is high in quality; the alloy element selection range is wide, the metal wire bundle machining technological difficulty is low, and the cost is lower; no special requirement exits for the workpiece shape and precision, and applicability is high; operation is simple and easy to implement, machining efficiency is high, and surface hardening treatment can be achieved for large-area complex workpieces; equipment is simple, one-time investment is low, the maintenance cost is low, and the machining cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of surface, a kind of more particularly, to metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy
The preparation method changed.
Background technology
The reason cause metal parts to lose efficacy mainly has tired (accounting for 61%), overload (accounting for 18%), stress rotten
Erosion (accounting for 8%), excessive wear (accounting for 7%), corrosion (accounting for 3%), high-temperature oxydation (accounting for 2%), stress rupture
(accounting for 1%)；In addition to overload, remaining inefficacy is all relevant with piece surface state；Therefore, most of metal
It is required to during parts are actually used carry out surface Hardening Treatment.
Traditional surface strengthening technology can be divided into two classes：Surface coating and surface modification treatment.
Surface coating processing includes the methods such as plating, chemical plating, spraying, vapour deposition, oxidation, coating material
All there is larger difference and matrix between in the composition of material, institutional framework, consistency and mechanical property；This
Coating reinforcement technique can effectively solve anti-corrosion, the wear-resisting not enough defect of metal material surface, but to zero
The fatigue behaviour of part produces very big impact；And the adhesion between coating and matrix is poor, loading
The life-span of the lower coating of effect is also subject to extreme influence.
Surface modification treatment includes mechanical enhancer, high energy beam current irradiation, ion implanting, thermo-chemical treatment (are oozed
Nitrogen, carbon) etc. method；No substantially interface between modified layer and matrix, and main component do not change；
Wherein, mechanical enhancer is limited to the surface property lifting contribution of parts；High energy beam current irradiation and ion implanting
Higher etc. the requirement to equipment for the technique and efficiency is low, need to carry out under vacuum or protection；Thermo-chemical treatment needs
Want to carry out under high temperature, atmospheric condition, considerable influence is produced to the mechanical property of parts.
Alloying on Metal Planes technology can effectively overcome the shortcomings of process above, obtains high-quality strong
Change layer or functional layer；Traditional mechanical alloying and document《Rapid synthesis of Ti(C,N)
powders by mechanical alloying and subsequent arc discharging》
The mechanical assistance alloying process announced all is appropriate only for the processing of the raw material such as powder it is impossible to be used for metal portion
The surface peening of part；Mechanical coating technology can form relatively compact coating, but its adhesion is poor and is suitable only for
Small pieces in simple shape；At present, the method that can effectively realize Alloying on Metal Planes mainly has：
High temperature embedding diffusion is oozed, high temperature heat diffusion treatment, high energy beam (laser, electron beam) surface alloy after coating
The technology such as change, micro-arc spark deposition.
High temperature embedding diffusion oozes that (as steel material surface powder aluminising) technological temperature is high, the time is long, to zero
The mechanical property of part produces and greatly negatively affects, and particularly fatigue behaviour causes very big impact；And
Easily penetrating crack in strengthening layer, and in use, easily induction strengthening layer comes off, and strengthening effect is greatly reduced.
After coating, heat diffusion treatment technique equally exists subsequent high temperature processing procedure, makes parts core crystal grain long
Greatly, obdurability is stepped on mechanical index and is declined, and processing cost is higher.
There is high processing costs (capacity usage ratio is low), equipment and safeguard in high energy beam process for alloying surface
This is high, and there is the mass defects such as micro-crack.
Micro-arc spark deposition technique is in Metal Substrate body surface by the pulsed discharge of electric capacity by deposit electrode material
Face, makes matrix and electrode material occur metallurgical reaction to form the surface peening alloying coating of high rigidity, thus
Improve the wear-resisting of titanium surface and corrosion resisting property；However, micro-arc spark deposition velocity is slow, efficiency is low, lead to this
Technology is suitable only for processing the micro reparation of precision component surface loss-in-weight-type defect, is unsuitable for reparation thickness relatively
(coating layer thickness ＞ 0.25mm) greatly, is less suitable for the process of larger area；And whole processing technology need through
Over mechanical processing, built-up welding thicken the flow processs such as reparation, grinding equalizing；Therefore, micro-arc spark deposition technique should
Extremely limited with field.
Document《Flexible Ti electrode electric spark synthesizes TiN coating》、《Flexible electrode titanium alloy surface electric spark is strong
Change experimental study》Disclose a kind of flexibility electric spark deposition method；With respect to traditional electric spark deposition technology,
This technique only improves to some extent in melt deposition speed and quality control, but the defect of this technique becomes apparent from：
(1) this technique does not solve the deficiency that electric spark deposition speed is slow, efficiency is low；(2) electrode size becomes big,
Scene or difficulty hand-manipulated is led to increase；(3) in order to obtain more fully spark discharge effect and stability,
Must assure that the clearance control between relatively low tow density in circular wire tray and Single lead silk and matrix exists
In rational scope, and the deposition that strengthening layer fully relies on electrode obtains, and leads to monofilament in process
Consumption is big, wire tray change in size is big, causes technology stability difference it is impossible to carry out long-time, large-area treatment；
Wherein, document《Flexible Ti electrode electric spark synthesizes TiN coating》Described in react with filling nitrogen gas
The selection of wire electrode material is limited, and the TiN of formation is ceramic material, and fragility is big, and the scope of application is less；Literary composition
Offer《Flexible electrode titanium alloy surface electrospark impregnation experimental study》In, the high-energy discharge using electric spark is made
Vigorous reaction is occurred to form oxide and there are a large amount of particulate electrode materials with fusing metal surface and air
Impurity, coating uniformity is poor, consistency is low, fragility is big, and surface roughness is difficult to control to.
Chinese patent notification number CN 101817159 A, discloses a kind of " flexible electrode piece surface electric spark
Grinding and polishing method, is characterized in that：Buncher drives conductive flexible electrode rotary, in flexible electrode and work
Piece surface for another pole is passed through the pulse power/direct current, insulated working platform under the drive of stepper motor,
Flexible electrode is close to piece surface, when reaching discharging gap, produces spark discharge, sprays into region of discharge
Polishing medium or region of discharge is invaded polishing medium, using spark discharge energy, ablation piece surface is convex
Go out the surfacing of part, the flexible electrode simultaneously rotating has mechanical ablation to piece surface, rotation
Flexible electrode drives polishing medium to have polishing action to piece surface "；This technique and traditional electric spark grinding
Polishing principle is identical, that is, all by the projection of capacitor pulse discharge removal surface of the work, reaches polishing
Purpose, and reduce the requirement to workpiece accuracy；Equally, must assure that during this technique skilled worker brush with
There is between workpiece suitable discharging gap, the mechanical grinding effect of therefore brush is negligible；On the contrary
Because flexible electrode is to the strong agitation of liquid and its large drag forces that cause, the protection to equipment and processed
Journey has put forward higher requirement；On the other hand, although this technique be protected from by polishing medium above-mentioned
Vigorous reaction between melt and medium in document, but it is lost the invigoration effect of electric spark；Therefore, should
Technique is suitable only for some small-sized, fine parts deburrings and processes, and is difficult to the application that puts it over, particularly exists
When processing big part part, large-area treatment or needing preferable strengthening effect, the defect of this technique becomes very
Substantially.
Document《Surface aluminizing on Ti-6Al-4V alloy via a novel multi-pass
friction-stir lap welding method:Preparation process,oxidation
behavior and interlayer evolution》Disclose a kind of multiple tracks agitating friction weldering overlap joint solid-state
Process technology, this technology there is also clearly disadvantageous：(1) it is suitable only for the intensive treatment of specific flat surface,
Do not possess actual large-scale application condition；(2) special friction welding and tooling fixture are needed, and follow-up needs
Turn-milling cutting, complex process, with high costs；(3) it is appropriate only for scientific research, finished product can hardly be used for
The surface Hardening Treatment of parts.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy
Preparation method, it has the alloying layer densification of preparation, uniform, no brittle ceramic, nitride, oxide
Formed Deng material, be metallurgical binding, no sharp interface between alloying layer and matrix, strengthening layer quality is high；
The range of choice of alloying element is wide, and referring now to the powder body material needed for the techniques such as laser alloying, the present invention
Using wire bundle process technology difficulty is little, cost is cheaper；The present invention is to the shape of workpiece, precision
No particular/special requirement, strong applicability；And simple to operate, easy, high in machining efficiency, can be used in large area,
The surface Hardening Treatment of complex part；Alloying and grinding process are carried out simultaneously, are obtained in that low rough surface
Degree, the surface finish of high brightness, need not polish, the secondary operation such as deburring；To the shape of workpiece,
Precision no particular/special requirement, and can achieve the process to composite, thin-wall part, strong applicability；Equipment
Simple low, the low processing cost that once puts into little, maintenance cost.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical proposals：A kind of metal surface mechanical assistance
The preparation method of electrothermal alloy, step is as follows：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：Metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface is treated in removal
Greasy dirt, oxide skin, work hardening layer, obtain cleaning, even curface state so that follow-up electric heating
Evenly, technique is more stable for alloying, stand-by；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：From be intended to the low melting point of metal base surface alloying or
(fusing point is low or thermal conductivity factor is less than and treats metal of alloying matrix, to promote to be intended to close for low thermal conductivity metal material
Aurification material has precedence over matrix material and melts), be processed into superfine fibre/tow, by this superfine fibre/
Tow is fastened on metallic brush body surface face, makes the brush with alloy element superfine fibre/tow, as
Electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode material, stand-by；This structure in alloying process, alloy element tow with
Point contact between metal works matrix surface forms high resistance, and then produces substantial amounts of resistance heat；In electricity
Under thermal resistance and frictional heat collective effect, so that the wire of contact point and matrix is fused, realize alloying,
Need practical powder alloy material compared to techniques such as laser alloyings, the wire bundle that the present invention adopts adds
Work technical difficulty is little, cost is cheaper；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：The brush that step 2 is prepared is fixed on high-frequency vibrator
Or it is fixed on high-speed rotary motor, and vertically treating that metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface direction persistently applies
Plus certain pressure, to guarantee the superfine fibre/tow alloy material of brush and the metal work of step steady
Part matrix surface remains close contact it is ensured that alloying layer is fine and close, uniform, no brittle ceramic, nitridation
The materials such as thing, oxide are formed, it is to avoid because superfine fibre/tow alloy material and metal works matrix divide
From and produce large spot arc erosion, formed the phenomenon such as metal oxide and nitride occur；And by brush
It is connected with straight/AC power negative pole, positive source is connected with metal works matrix, beneficial to superfine fibre/tow
Alloy material to metal works matrix surface shift, complete electrothermal alloyization preparation before equipment assembling, this
Invent the shape to workpiece, precision no particular/special requirement, strong applicability；And simple to operate, easy, processing effect
Rate is high, can be used in the surface Hardening Treatment of large area, complex part；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：Start high-frequency vibrator or high-speed rotary motor, make with conjunction
The brush of alloying element superfine fibre/tow with treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate and be in high speed between the two
Relative motion state, that is, both form high speed, the friction process of high pressure；High-frequency reciprocating motion or high-speed rotation
While beginning, connect high current straight/alternating current, start alloying material to treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate
Fusion/transfer, diffusion, persistently energising high-frequency reciprocating motion or high-speed rotation for a period of time, carry out repeatedly
Fusion/adhesion transfer, diffusion reach metal works substrate contact face deep layer alloying, obtain and preferably close
Aurification strengthening layer；When resistance heat and frictional heat are only capable of making metallic matrix and alloying element tow contact point be in height
The glutinous stream mode of temperature, when being insufficient to allow matrix that fusing locally occurs, the mechanical friction effect only relying on pressurization is next real
Show alloying element from strand material to the adhesion transfer of metallic matrix, and realize into matrix under high temperature action
The scattering and permeating in portion, reaches the purpose of deep layer alloying, due between alloy material and metal works matrix being
Metallurgical binding, no sharp interface, the alloy enhanced layer quality of metal works matrix is high；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtaining the preferable alloying of step 4
After strengthening layer, cut-out supply high current is straight/and alternating current, continues to allow high-frequency vibrator or high-speed rotary motor band
The dynamic brush with alloy element superfine fibre/tow is relative with the metal works matrix high speed of step 4
Motion a period of time, alloying and grinding process are carried out simultaneously, are obtained in that low surface roughness, high light
The surface finish of degree, need not individually polish, the secondary operation such as deburring, save in prior art also
Need other grinding and the operation of polishing, complete grinding and the polishing of metal works matrix.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is：
Preferably, in order to improve alloying effect further, sandblasting, mechanical grinding can in described step one, be adopted
Grinding process removes greasy dirt, oxide skin and the work hardening layer treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface.
Preferably, in order to improve alloying effect further, the superfine fibre/silk described in described step 2
The diameter 0.05mm-0.2mm, 500/cm of density on metal brush for the superfine fibre/tow of bundle2-3000
Root/cm2.
Preferably, in order to improve alloying effect further, in described step 3, vertically treat metal of alloying work
Pressure value 0.05Mpa-0.5Mpa that part matrix surface direction is continuously applied.
Preferably, in order to improve alloying effect further, described step 4 medium-high frequency electromagnetic shaker or at a high speed rotation
The speed of related movement of rotating motor is 0.01m/s-10m/s；Current density 5A/cm of high current2-20A/cm2；For
To high current straight/alternating current carries out the time of high-frequency reciprocating motion or high-speed rotation with unit area accumulated process
20s-60s.
Preferably, in order to improve alloying effect further, in described step 5, cut-out supply high current is straight/hand over
Stream electricity carries out high-frequency reciprocating motion or the time of high-speed rotation accumulates 5s-20s with unit area.
Beneficial effects of the present invention include：
(1) alloying layer of present invention preparation is fine and close, uniform, no brittle ceramic, nitride, oxide
Formed Deng material, be metallurgical binding, no sharp interface between alloying layer and matrix, strengthening layer quality is high；
(2) range of choice of alloying element is wide, and referring now to the powder material needed for the techniques such as laser alloying
Material, the wire bundle process technology difficulty that the present invention adopts is little, cost is cheaper；
(3) present invention is to the shape of workpiece, precision no particular/special requirement, strong applicability；And simple to operate,
Easy, high in machining efficiency, can be used in the surface Hardening Treatment of large area, complex part；
(4) alloying and grinding process are carried out simultaneously, are obtained in that low surface roughness, high brightness
Surface finish, need not polish, the secondary operation such as deburring；
(5) to the shape of workpiece, precision no particular/special requirement, and can achieve to composite, thin-walled zero
The process of part, strong applicability；
(6) equipment low, the low processing cost that simply once puts into little, maintenance cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is sheet metal surface pattern, the constituent analysis location drawing after the embodiment of the present invention 1 alloying.
Fig. 2 is sheet metal surface pattern, the constituent analysis location drawing after the 2-in-1 aurification of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is surface XRD spectrum after the embodiment of the present invention 3 is processed.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 surface composition analysis result.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy, its operation step
Suddenly as follows：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：
Using industrially pure titanium (TA2) sheet material of 20mm × 20mm × 2mm as treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate,
Through sandblasting, the greasy dirt of polishing removing industrially pure titanium plate surface, oxide skin, work hardening layer, it is fixed on work
Make platform stand-by；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：Metallic brush is fastened on the stainless steel wire of 0.05mm diameter
Body surface face, makes 3000/cm of density2, the brush of 40 × 40mm, as carrying out Cr, Fe in atmosphere
The electrode material of (main component in stainless steel) permeation, stand-by；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：The brush that step 2 is prepared is fixed on high-frequency vibrator,
And it is continuously applied the normal pressure of 0.5Mpa in vertical industrially pure titanium (TA2) plate surface direction, to guarantee to brush
The industrially pure titanium plate surface of stainless steel wire and the step steady of son remains close contact, by brush with
DC power cathode connects, and positive source is connected with industrially pure titanium sheet material, before completing electrothermal alloyization preparation
Equipment assembles；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：Startup high-frequency vibrator, regulating frequency 200HZ, amplitude 1.2mm,
Make the brush of stainless steel bristle that high-frequency reciprocating motion to be done on industrially pure titanium sheet material, and the brush of stainless steel bristle
Relative velocity reaches 0.96m/s；While moving back and forth beginning, connect the direct current of 5A, start stainless steel
The brush of bristle carries out Cr, Fe permeation to industrially pure titanium sheet material, and be persistently energized 20s, stops, treating titanium plate temperature
Degree be reduced to room temperature after, again process 20s, be repeated twice, that is, add up coprocessing 60s, obtain Cr, Fe,
The surface peening layer of Ti alloying；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtain the preferable Cr of step 4, Fe,
After the surface peening layer of Ti alloying, the direct current of cut-out supply 5A, continues to allow high-frequency vibrator to drive not
The brush of rust steel brush hair and the industrially pure titanium of the surface peening layer with Cr, Fe, Ti alloying of step 4
Sheet material relative motion 10s, completes the industrially pure titanium sheet material of the surface peening layer with Cr, Fe, Ti alloying
Grinding and polishing.
Embodiment 1 composition analysis result mean value table
| Element | Line type | Wt% | Atomic percent | Manufacturer's standard |
| Ti | K linear system | 72.18 | 86.78 | It is |
| Cr | K linear system | 3.52 | 1.72 | It is |
| Fe | K linear system | 24.30 | 11.05 | It is |
| Total amount: | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Embodiment 2
Shown in Figure 2, a kind of preparation method of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy, its operation step
Suddenly as follows：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：
Using industrially pure titanium (TA1) sheet material of Φ 90 × 2mm as treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate, through sandblasting,
The greasy dirt of polishing removing industrially pure titanium plate surface, oxide skin, work hardening layer, are fixed on workbench and treat
With；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：Metallic brush body surface is fastened on the copper wire of 0.2mm diameter
Face, makes 500/cm of density2, the real core brush of Φ 30mm, as carry out in atmosphere oozing copper (or titanium,
Copper alloy) electrode material that processes, stand-by；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：The brush that step 2 is prepared is fixed on high-speed rotary motor
On, and it is continuously applied the normal pressure of 0.05Mpa in vertical industrially pure titanium (TA1) plate surface direction, with
Guarantee that the copper wire of brush and the industrially pure titanium plate surface of step steady remain close contact, will brush
Son is connected with DC power cathode, and positive source is connected with industrially pure titanium sheet material, completes electrothermal alloyization preparation
Front equipment assembling；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：Start high-speed rotary motor, rotating speed is 1800r/min, makes copper
Brush does the motion of high speed autobiography, and shape motion of spinning with titanium plate center as starting point, with the speed of 0.01m/s,
In copper wire brush, the relative velocity on single copper wire and titanium plate surface is between 2.8m/s；Meanwhile, connect
The direct current of 20A, the brush starting copper wire carries out oozing copper (or titanium, copper alloy) to industrially pure titanium sheet material
Process, repeat energising and process 3 times, unit area add up coprocessing 30s, acquisition Cu, Ti alloying (or
Cu infiltration layer) surface peening layer；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtaining step 4 preferable Cu, Ti
After the surface peening layer of alloying (or Cu infiltration layer), the direct current of cut-out supply 20A, continues to allow at a high speed
Electric rotating machine drives the brush of copper wire and the table with Cu, Ti alloying (or Cu infiltration layer) of step 4
The industrially pure titanium sheet material of surface strengthening layer rotates against 20s, completes with Cu, Ti alloying (or Cu infiltration layer)
The grinding of industrially pure titanium sheet material of surface peening layer and polishing.
Embodiment 2 surface composition mean value table
| Element | Line type | Wt% | Atomic percent | Manufacturer's standard |
| Cu | K linear system | 32.44 | 25.09 | It is |
| Ti | K linear system | 67.56 | 74.91 | It is |
| Total amount: | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Document《Flexible electrode titanium alloy surface electrospark impregnation experimental study》Using the pulse power, and profit
With the gap between copper wire and matrix, form large spot Spark Discharges, using the high energy discharging in titanium table
Face obtains main component black and presses the coating structure that titanium oxide and a small amount of brass are mingled with；Its main component is
(wt%)：O：33.96, Al：2.64, Ti：39.69, Cu：7.84, Zn：15.88；The present embodiment
In, using high-density copper tow brush, and apply certain normal pressure, make copper wire bundle and pending matrix surface
Closely, gapless combines, and relies on friction and lasting DC electrically heating matrix surface, element transfer, expansion
Brittle coatings such as scattered controllable-rate oxide-free or be mingled with structure and formed.
Embodiment 3
Shown in Figure 3, a kind of preparation method of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy, its operation step
Suddenly as follows：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：
Using No. 45 steel plates of Φ 60 × 2mm as treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate, remove through sandblasting, polishing
The greasy dirt of No. 45 surface of steel plate, oxide skin, work hardening layer, are fixed on workbench stand-by；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：Relatively low leading (is had with the TA2 titanium silk of 0.1mm diameter
Hot coefficient) it is fastened on metallic brush body surface face, make 1200/cm of density2, the brush of Φ 30mm, as
Carry out oozing the electrode material that titanium (or titanium, steel alloying) is processed in atmosphere, stand-by；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：The brush that step 2 is prepared is fixed on high-speed rotary motor
On, and it is continuously applied the normal pressure of 0.2Mpa in vertical No. 45 surface of steel plate directions, to guarantee the TA2 of brush
Titanium silk remains close contact with No. 45 surface of steel plate of step steady, and brush is born with dc source
Pole connects, and positive source is connected with No. 45 steel plates, completes the equipment assembling before electrothermal alloyization preparation；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：Start high-speed rotary motor, rotating speed is 2500r/min, makes TA2
The brush of titanium silk, with No. 45 steel plate centers as starting point, is done in No. 45 steel plain with the speed of 0.02m/s
Periodic spin motion (wherein the monocycle covers whole No. 45 steel plate sample machined surfaces), and TA2 titanium silk
Brush relative velocity is up to 4m/s；While high-speed rotation starts, connect the direct current of 25A, start TA2
The brush of titanium silk carries out oozing titanium (or titanium, steel alloying) process to No. 45 steel plates, and be persistently energized 60s, obtains
Obtain the surface peening layer of Fe, Ti, TiC alloying (or Ti infiltration layer)；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtain the preferable Fe of step 4, Ti,
After the surface peening layer of TiC alloying (or Ti infiltration layer), the direct current of cut-out supply 25A, continues to allow height
Fast electric rotating machine drives the brush of TA2 titanium silk and step 4 with Fe, Ti, TiC alloying (or Ti
Infiltration layer) No. 45 steel plates of surface peening floor rotate against 15s, complete with Fe, Ti, TiC alloying
The grinding of No. 45 steel plates of the surface peening floor of (or Ti infiltration layer) and polishing.
Surface composition mean value table after embodiment 3 process
| Element | Line type | Wt% | Atomic percent | Manufacturer's standard |
| C | K linear system | 0.43 | 1.56 | It is |
| Ti | K linear system | 10.51 | 11.21 | It is |
| Fe | K linear system | 87.33 | 82.37 | It is |
| Else | K linear system | 1.73 | 4.86 | It is |
| Total amount: | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Document《Flexible Ti electrode electric spark synthesizes TiN coating》Using the pulse power, and using titanium silk with
Gap between matrix, forms large spot Spark Discharges, and sparse using the high energy ablation of electric discharge is titanium silk
And react titanium nitride (TiN) ceramic coating structure with filling nitrogen.In the present embodiment, using high density titanium
Tow brush, and apply certain normal pressure, make titanium tow and pending matrix surface closely, gapless be combined,
Rely on friction and lasting DC electrically heating matrix surface, element transfer, diffusion rate, titanium will not occur
The violent ablation consumption of silk, does not more result in ablation drop and generates oxide or nitridation with substance reactions such as gases
Brittle coatings such as thing or be mingled with structure and formed.
Embodiment 4
Shown in Figure 4, a kind of preparation method of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy, its operation step
Suddenly as follows：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：
Using No. 45 rod irons of Φ 60 × 100mm as treating metal of alloying workpiece substrate, remove through sandblasting, polishing
Remove the greasy dirt on No. 45 rod iron surfaces, oxide skin, work hardening layer, stand-by；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：Metal roller shaft table is fastened on the aluminium wire of Φ 0.2mm diameter
Face, makes 1000/cm of density2, the brush roll of Φ 30mm, as aluminising in atmosphere (or aluminium, steel close
Aurification) electrode material that processes, stand-by；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：The brush roll that prepare step 2 and the 45 of step steady
Number rod iron is separately fixed on two high-speed rotary motors, and the brush roll with aluminium wire and No. 45 rod irons set side by side
Put, and be between continuously applied the normal pressure of 0.08Mpa, to guarantee the aluminium wire of brush roll with step surely
No. 45 standby rod iron surfaces remain close contact, brush roll are connected with DC power cathode, power supply is just
Pole is connected with No. 45 rod irons, completes the equipment assembling before electrothermal alloyization preparation；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：Start two high-speed rotary motors, keep two high-speed rotation electricity
The equidirectional spinning motion of machine (relative velocity is up to 10m/s), rotating speed is 1500r/min；High-speed rotation starts
While, connect the direct current of 10A, the brush roll starting aluminium wire carries out Fe, Al alloying to No. 45 rod irons
The surface Hardening Treatment of (or Ti infiltration layer), be persistently energized 20s, acquisition Fe, Al alloying (or Ti oozes
Layer) surface peening layer；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtain the preferable Fe of step 4,
After the surface peening layer of Al alloying (or Ti infiltration layer), the direct current of cut-out supply 10A, continues to allow two
The brush roll of platform high-speed rotary motor drive aluminium wire is with step 4 with Fe, Al alloying (or Ti infiltration layer)
No. 45 rod irons of surface peening floor rotate against 5s, complete with Fe, Al alloying (or Ti infiltration layer)
The grinding of No. 45 rod irons of surface peening floor and polishing.
Surface composition mean value table after embodiment 4 process
| Element | Line type | Wt% | Atomic percent | Manufacturer's standard |
| O | K linear system | 9.88 | 25.23 | It is |
| Al | K linear system | 44.49 | 52.10 | It is |
| Fe | K linear system | 42.99 | 24.32 | It is |
| Else | K linear system | 0.31 | 0.27 | It is |
| Total amount: | 100.00 | 100.00 |
The present invention and the parameter value contrast table of prior art
Note：1., 2., 3. Primary Reference《Flexible Ti electrode electric spark synthesizes TiN coating》、《Laser melting coating
- micro-arc spark deposits the research of complex repairation technology》、《The research of pile up welding in element of arc surface restoration technique》Deng literary composition
Offer.
As described above, a kind of preparation method of metal surface of present invention mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy, described
Embodiment and figure, the simply preferable implementation result of the present invention, is not to be confined to the present invention, every and basis
The structure of invention, feature etc. are approximate, identical person, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of metal surface mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy preparation method it is characterised in that step such as
Under：
Step one, treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate pre-process：
Remove and treat the greasy dirt on metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface, oxide skin, work hardening layer, stand-by；
Step 2, the preparation of electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode：
From the low melting point being intended to metal base surface alloying or low thermal conductivity metal material, it is processed into super
Fine fibre/tow, this superfine fibre/tow is fastened on metallic brush body surface face, makes with alloy element
The brush of superfine fibre/tow, as electrothermal alloy polarizing electrode material, stand-by；
Step 3, the assembling of electrothermal alloy equipment：
The brush that step 2 is prepared is fixed on high-frequency vibrator or is fixed on high-speed motion motor, and
Vertically treating that metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface direction is continuously applied certain pressure, to guarantee the super of brush
Fine fibre/tow alloy material remains close contact with the metal works matrix surface of step steady,
And brush is connected with straight/AC power negative pole, positive source is connected with metal works matrix, completes electricity
Equipment assembling before alloyed preparation；
Step 4, electrothermal alloyization preparation：
Start high-frequency vibrator or high-speed rotary motor, make with alloy element superfine fibre/tow
Brush with treat metal of alloying workpiece substrate and be in the relative motion state of high speed between the two, that is, both form
At a high speed, the friction process of high pressure；High-frequency reciprocating motion or high-speed rotation be while start, connect high current straight/
Alternating current, starts alloying material to fusion/transfer, the diffusion for the treatment of metal of alloying workpiece substrate, continues
Energising high-frequency reciprocating motion or high-speed rotation for a period of time, carry out fusion/adhesion transfer repeatedly, diffusion reaches
To metal works substrate contact face deep layer alloying, obtain preferable alloying strengthening layer；
Step 5, the grinding of metal of alloying workpiece substrate and polishing：Obtaining the preferable alloying of step 4
After strengthening layer, cut-out supply high current is straight/and alternating current, continues to allow high-frequency vibrator or high-speed rotary motor band
The dynamic brush with alloy element superfine fibre/tow is relative with the metal works matrix high speed of step 4
Motion a period of time, complete grinding and the polishing of metal works matrix.
2. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 1 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：Can be removed using sandblasting, mechanical milling tech in described step one and treat metal of alloying workpiece
The greasy dirt of matrix surface, oxide skin and work hardening layer.
3. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 1 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：The diameter 0.05mm-0.2mm of the superfine fibre/tow described in described step 2, ultra-fine
500/cm of density on metal brush for the fiber/tow2- 3000/cm2.
4. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 1 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：The pressure that metal of alloying workpiece substrate surface direction is continuously applied vertically is treated in described step 3
Force value 0.05Mpa-0.5Mpa.
5. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 1 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：Described step 4 medium-high frequency electromagnetic shaker or the relative motion in high-speed rotary motor and pending face
Speed is 0.01m/s-10m/s；Current density 5A/cm of high current2-25A/cm2；Supply high current is straight/alternating current
Carry out high-frequency reciprocating motion or the time of high-speed rotation adds up coprocessing 20s-60s with unit area.
6. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 1 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：In described step 5 cut-out supply high current straight/alternating current after carry out high-frequency reciprocating motion or height
The time of speed rotation adds up coprocessing 5s-20s with unit area.
7. a kind of metal surface mechanical assistance electric heating according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6
The preparation method of alloying it is characterised in that：The described material treating thermo-chemical treatment metal works matrix is work
Industry pure titanium (TA2) sheet material, industrially pure titanium (TA1) sheet material, No. 45 steel plates or No. 45 rod irons.
8. the preparation method of a kind of metal surface according to claim 7 mechanical assistance electrothermal alloy,
It is characterized in that：The material of conductive fiber/tow that the metal material of low melting point or low thermal conductivity is prepared into
It is stainless steel wire, copper wire, TA2 titanium silk or aluminium wire.
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| CN201610356725.3A CN106400010A (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Metal surface mechanically-assisted electric heat alloying preparation method |
| PCT/CN2017/084649 WO2017202233A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2017-05-17 | Metal surface mechanically-assisted electrothermal alloying preparation method |
| TW106117356A TWI621737B (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2017-05-25 | A preparation method of electro-thermal alloying for metal surface by mechanical auxiliary |
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| WO2017202233A1 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-30 | 上海博友金属制品有限公司 | Metal surface mechanically-assisted electrothermal alloying preparation method |
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| CN114226985B (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2024-03-29 | 新疆大学 | Welding method for TA2/304 stainless steel composite plate by laser-arc tandem welding |
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- 2016-05-26 CN CN201610356725.3A patent/CN106400010A/en active Pending
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| TWI621737B (en) | 2018-04-21 |
| WO2017202233A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| TW201741501A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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