CN102936724A - Method for reinforcing nickel-base alloy layer on aluminum alloy surface - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing nickel-base alloy layer on aluminum alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reinforcing a nickel-base alloy layer on an aluminum alloy surface, which comprises the following steps: doping rare earths La and Ce in a certain proportion into nickel-base alloy powder, and carrying out laser surface cladding to obtain a metallurgically-bonded high-hardness high-wear-resistance high-corrosion-resistance nickel-base alloy layer on the aluminum alloy surface. The hardness of the nickel-base alloy layer is up to 1350HV, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance are respectively doubled as compared with the prior art. The invention has an important function on widening the application range of the aluminum alloy and expanding the application of the aluminum alloy in the high technology field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy surface is carried out the technological method of modification, especially a kind of enhancement method that adds the aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer of rare earth element.
Background technology
As everyone knows, aluminium alloy has that density is little, thermal expansivity is low, specific rigidity and many excellent properties such as specific tenacity is high, heat-conductivity conducting is good, solidity to corrosion and good moldability, therefore the application in various fields such as aerospace, automobile, household electrical appliances, advanced manufacturing, electric power electrics is very extensive, but have also with regard to the character of aluminium alloy that hardness is relatively low, frictional coefficient is higher and because wear no resistance, contact surface is difficult to lubricated institute and causes the easily shortcoming of wearing and tearing scuffing, this has limited the use range of aluminium alloy to a certain extent.In recent years, improve the extremely people's concern of aluminum alloy surface character with the aluminum alloy surface ceramic technology, this technology can effectively strengthen the wear resisting property of aluminum alloy surface and the ability that the opposing damage scratches, and can improve to some extent the performance condition on the surface of aluminium alloy.This technology has several different methods at present, and commonly used have rare-earth conversion coatings, plasma micro-arc oxidation, ion implantation, vapour deposition, plating, an anodic oxidation, laser surface intensified etc.Though front several method can improve the corrosion-resistant and wear resisting property of aluminum alloy surface, but the strengthening layer that obtains thinner (a hundreds of micron is only arranged), belong to mechanical bond interface or diffusion-bonded interface between its strengthening layer and the matrix, bonding strength is not high, therefore wear resistance is still not high, also produces easily situations such as ftractureing, come off.Although and use more anonizing technique simple, but on aluminum matrix composite, can not form continuous oxide film, can not play effective preservative activity to matrix, and the chromic salt toxicity that produces in producing is very large, the health that environment is produced easily severe contamination and endangers people.
In above-mentioned several enhancement methods, laser surface intensified method is to make aluminium alloy obtain one of effective ways of higher surface hardness and good anticorrosive anti-wear performance, and the method also has efficiently, free of contamination characteristics, it is one of method that has at present better application prospect, but in the prior art, aluminum alloy surface laser treatment method mainly is at aluminum alloy surface cladding copper base, Ni-based and ferrous alloy or matrix material, although this can significantly improve the aluminum alloy surface wear-corrosion resistance, but important and essential domains at some, the character of this aluminium alloy cladding layer, particularly its hardness and wear resisting property still can not satisfy technique and service requirements.For further improving the performance of this aluminum alloy surface cladding coating, some R﹠D institutions and department take to add the way that some rare earth element makes the coat alloying in cladding coating, test shows, it has very significant effect to surface hardness and the surface abrasion resistance corrosion resisting property that improves aluminium alloy, and is just becoming one of important method that strengthens the Alloy Cladding on Al Surface by Laser coating performance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the enhancement method that proposes a kind of aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer, the method is mixed a certain proportion of rare earth La and Ce in the Co-based alloy powder, utilize the special property of these rare earth elements to improve the performance of nickel-base alloy, and by the cladding laser surfaces technology, make the aluminum alloy surface acquisition be the nickel base alloy layer of high rigidity and the high abrasion erosion resistance of metallurgical binding.
For achieving the above object, the enhancement method that the present invention contains the aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer of rare earth element comprises following step:
1, first aluminium alloy matrix surface is processed, eliminate the oxide film of aluminium alloy matrix surface with machinery and chemical mixing method, its technological process be with the sample abrasive paper for metallograph to aluminum alloy surface roughly grind → surface sand-blasting polishing → ultrasonic cleaning → chemical reagent cleans → dries up, wherein to clean be alloy matrix aluminum to be put into NaOH solution soak certain hour to chemical reagent.
2, configuration contains the nickel-base alloy cladding material of rare earth La, Ce: this nickel-base alloy cladding material proportioning is measured by weight percentage, wherein mixes rare earth La, Ce and be 0.5%～6.5%, all the other are other composition material powder of nickel-base alloy; Above-mentioned cladding material powder is fully mixed, behind ball mill grinding, add the alcohol binding agent, stir into a paste, then evenly be coated in aluminium alloy matrix surface with brush, and make coat reach setting thickness, after naturally drying, carry out again drying and processing.
3, the alloy matrix aluminum of the above-mentioned cladding layer material that bondd is packed in the argon shield reaction vessel; and the protective reaction container is contained on the worktable of the numerical control machine tool that can do three-dimensional motion; inject 99.999% high purity argon with backward protective reaction container; and certain time, make it to get rid of as far as possible the air in the reaction vessel.
4, weave numerical control program according to predetermined laser cladding technological parameter, start the working routine of numerically-controlled machine, start simultaneously CO
2Laser apparatus carries out Laser Cladding Treatment to the aluminium alloy cladding layer, allows laser beam according to the cladding layer on the predetermined work program scanning aluminium alloy matrix surface, and making the overlapping rate of its multiple tracks scanning is 25% to 30%.By the high temperature cladding of laser beam, make above-mentioned coated material and the alloy matrix aluminum of aluminum alloy surface be metallurgical binding.
In the present invention, the nickel-base alloy cladding material that contains rare earth La, Ce consists of: rare earth La and Ce 0.5%～6.5%, C:0.6%～1.0%, Si:2.0%～4.0%, W:3.0%～8.0%, Cr:10.0%～20.0%, Fe＜15.0%, all the other are Ni, impurity＜1.0%.
The processing parameter of laser melting coating is: working gas is CO
2, N
2, He(purity 99.999%) mixture, ratio is 1～5:10～20:20～40, wherein CO
2Gas volume is 0.4KPa～0.6 KPa; Laser power 2KW～6KW; Spot diameter 1mm～6mm; Laser scanning speed 20～200mm/min.
Advantage of the present invention is: the method adopts the cladding laser surfaces technology, a certain proportion of rare earth La and Ce are mixed in the Co-based alloy powder, can make the aluminum alloy surface acquisition be the nickel base alloy layer of high rigidity and the high abrasion erosion resistance of metallurgical binding, hardness can reach 1350HV, wear resistance and corrosion resistance nature double respectively than prior art.This is to expanding the range of application of aluminium alloy, and enlarging the application of aluminium alloy in the leading-edge field will play an important role.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The enhancement method that contains the aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer of rare earth La and Ce according to the present invention, its first embodiment has the following steps: at first alloy matrix aluminum is carried out surface treatment, treatment process takes machinery and chemical mixing method to eliminate the oxide film of aluminum alloy surface, its technical process is to use sample abrasive paper for metallograph corase grind → surface sand-blasting polishing → ultrasonic cleaning → chemical reagent to clean → dry up, wherein chemical reagent clean be with alloy matrix aluminum put into 70 ℃ NaOH solution immersion 3 minutes again taking-up dry up.
Preparation contains the aluminum alloy surface nickel-base alloy cladding material of rare earth La, Ce, this nickel-base alloy cladding material proportioning is measured by weight percentage, its composition is respectively: rare earth La, Ce account for 3.5%, C0.7%～0.8%, Si3.0%～3.5%, W3.5%～6.5%, Cr12%～16%, Fe＜15%, all the other are Ni, impurity＜1%.Above-mentioned powder is mixed, and the ball mill ball milling of packing into takes out after 12 hours and adds the alcohol binding agent, stirs into a paste, then evenly be coated in aluminium alloy matrix surface with brush, the thickness of coat is about 2 mm, after naturally drying, carries out 120 ℃, the drying and processing of 4 h again.
The alloy matrix aluminum of the above-mentioned cladding material that bondd is packed in the argon shield reaction vessel; and the protective reaction container is loaded onto on the worktable of the numerical control machine tool that can do three-dimensional motion; injecting purity with backward protective reaction container is 99.999% high purity argon; and certain time; air in the reaction vessel is excluded as far as possible, and anti-oxidation occurs.
Weave numerical control program according to predetermined laser melting coating parameter, then start numerically-controlled machine and the supporting GS-TFL-6000 type CO that flows over it
2Laser apparatus allows laser beam carry out Laser Cladding Treatment according to the cladding material layer of predetermined work program scanning aluminium alloy matrix surface, and the overlapping rate of the multiple tracks scanning in the middle of this is 30%.
In the present embodiment, the processing parameter of laser melting coating is: working gas CO
2, N
2, He(purity 99.999%) ratio be 1:10:20, wherein CO
2Gas volume is 0.4KPa; Laser power 4.0KW; Spot diameter 2mm; Scanning speed 60mm/min;
After adopting above-mentioned embodiment, the aluminum alloy surface nickel-base alloy cladding layer hardness that contains rare earth La and Ce reaches 1200HV, the about 1.5mm of layer depth, and aluminum alloy surface nickel-base alloy cladding layer hardness of the prior art is 960HV; And its wear resistance has improved nearly 1 times, and erosion resistance has improved about 70%.
Second embodiment of the present invention: first alloy matrix aluminum is carried out surface treatment, treatment process still takes machinery and chemical mixing method to eliminate the oxide film of aluminum alloy surface, its technical process is to use sample abrasive paper for metallograph corase grind → surface sand-blasting polishing → ultrasonic cleaning → chemical reagent to clean → dry up, wherein chemical reagent clean be with alloy matrix aluminum put into 65 ℃ NaOH solution immersion after 5 minutes again taking-up dry up.
Preparation contains the aluminium alloy nickel base alloy layer cladding material of rare earth La, Ce, this nickel-base alloy cladding material prescription is measured by weight percentage, its composition is respectively: rare earth La, Ce are 2.5%, C0.7%～0.8%, Si3.0%～3.5%, W3.5%～6.5%, Cr12%～16%, Fe＜15%, all the other are Ni, impurity＜1%.Above-mentioned powder is mixed, and the ball mill ball milling of packing into takes out after 15 hours and adds the alcohol binding agent, stirs into a paste, then evenly be coated in aluminium alloy matrix surface with brush, the thickness of coat is about 1.5 mm, after naturally drying, carries out 120 ℃, the drying and processing of 4 h again.
The alloy matrix aluminum of the above-mentioned cladding material that bondd is packed in the argon shield reaction vessel; and the protective reaction container is loaded onto on the worktable of the numerical control machine tool that can do three-dimensional motion; injecting purity with backward protective reaction container is 99.999% high purity argon; and certain time, so that the air in the reaction vessel is excluded as far as possible.
Weave numerical control program according to predetermined laser melting coating parameter, start numerically-controlled machine and the supporting GS-TFL-6000 type CO that flows over it
2Laser apparatus allows laser beam carry out Laser Cladding Treatment according to the cladding material on the predetermined work program scanning aluminium alloy matrix surface, and the overlapping rate of the multiple tracks scanning in the middle of this is 25%.
In the present embodiment, the processing parameter of laser melting coating is: working gas is CO
2, N
2, He(purity 99.999%), ratio is 1:10:20, wherein CO
2Gas volume is 0.4KPa; Laser power 5.2KW; Spot diameter 3mm; Scanning speed 70mm/min.
After adopting this embodiment, the aluminum alloy surface nickel-base alloy cladding layer hardness that contains rare earth La and Ce can reach 1350HV, the about 1mm of layer depth is 1020HV and prior art does not contain the aluminium alloy nickel-base alloy cladding layer hardness of rare earth La and Ce, and wear resistance and erosion resistance have improved respectively about 1 times.
Claims (4)
1. aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer enhancement method, it is characterized in that: the method is that rare earth La and Ce are mixed in the nickel-base alloy cladding material, adopt the cladding laser surfaces technology, make the aluminum alloy surface acquisition be the nickel base alloy layer of high rigidity and the high abrasion erosion resistance of metallurgical binding.
2. the described a kind of aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer enhancement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method step comprises:
(1) first aluminium alloy matrix surface is processed, treatment process adopts machinery and chemical mixing method to eliminate the oxide film of aluminium alloy matrix surface, technological process be with the sample abrasive paper for metallograph to aluminum alloy surface roughly grind → surface sand-blasting polishing → ultrasonic cleaning → chemical reagent cleans → dries up, wherein to clean be alloy matrix aluminum to be put into NaOH solution soak certain hour to chemical reagent;
(2) configuration contains the nickel-base alloy cladding material of rare earth La, Ce: this nickel-base alloy cladding material proportioning is measured by weight percentage, and wherein rare earth La, Ce are 0.5%～6.5%, and all the other are other composition material powder of nickel-base alloy; Above-mentioned cladding material powder is fully mixed, behind ball mill grinding, add the alcohol binding agent, stir into a paste, then evenly be coated in aluminium alloy matrix surface with brush, and make coat reach necessary thickness, after naturally drying, carry out again drying and processing;
(3) alloy matrix aluminum of the above-mentioned cladding material that bondd is packed in the argon shield reaction vessel, and the protective reaction container is contained on the worktable of the numerical control machine tool that can do three-dimensional motion, inject 99.999% high purity argon with backward protective reaction container, and certain time, make it to get rid of as far as possible the air in the reaction vessel;
(4) weave numerical control program according to predetermined laser cladding technological parameter, start the working routine of numerically-controlled machine, start simultaneously CO
2Laser apparatus carries out Laser Cladding Treatment to the aluminium alloy cladding layer, allows laser beam according to the cladding layer on the predetermined work program scanning aluminium alloy matrix surface, makes the overlapping rate of its multiple tracks scanning reach 25% to 30%; By the high temperature cladding of laser beam, make above-mentioned cladding layer material and alloy matrix aluminum be metallurgical binding.
3. aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer enhancement method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the consisting of of the described nickel-base alloy cladding material that contains rare earth La, Ce: rare earth La and Ce:0.5%～6.5%, C:0.6%～1.0%, Si:2.0%～4.0%, W:3.0%～8.0%, Cr:10.0%～20.0%, Fe＜15.0%, all the other are Ni, impurity＜1.0%.
4. aluminum alloy surface nickel base alloy layer enhancement method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the processing parameter of described laser melting coating is: working gas is the CO of purity 99.999%
2, N
2, the mixture of He, ratio is 1～5:10～20:20～40, wherein CO
2Gas volume is 0.4KPa～0.6 KPa; Laser power 2KW～6KW; Spot diameter 1mm～6mm; Laser scanning speed 20～200mm/min.
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| CN104120425A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Process for laser cladding of rare earth yttrium oxide, aluminum and iron-based alloy composite coating layer on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN104404508A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Laser additive manufacturing method for aluminium alloy structural part |
| CN105441722A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | AZ91D magnesium alloy automobile active safety device part coating |
| CN105441721A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | AZ91D magnesium alloy part coating |
| CN105506531A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | Method for producing coating for AZ91D magnesium alloy vehicle active safety device component |
| CN106756854A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏海德曼新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of fluid erosion prevention rub resistance plating filmed metals base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109536950A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of composite powder improving aluminum alloy heat fatigue behaviour by Laser Cladding Treatment |
| CN109623130A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of complex intensifying aluminium alloy |
| CN110373668A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-25 | 江西科技学院 | A kind of Al alloy composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110499506A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | A kind of high-ductility high-temperature self-lubrication nickel-base antiwear composite layer, preparation method and application |
| CN110699687A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-17 | 成都青石激光科技有限公司 | Method for strengthening high-nickel copper alloy glass mold |
| CN113195759A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-07-30 | 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 | Corrosion and wear resistant nickel base alloy |
| CN115058709A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-16 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for laser cladding on surface of aluminum alloy |
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| CN104120425A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Process for laser cladding of rare earth yttrium oxide, aluminum and iron-based alloy composite coating layer on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN104404508A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Laser additive manufacturing method for aluminium alloy structural part |
| CN104404508B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-04-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of laser gain material manufacture method of aluminum alloy junction component |
| CN105441722A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | AZ91D magnesium alloy automobile active safety device part coating |
| CN105441721A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | AZ91D magnesium alloy part coating |
| CN105506531A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | Method for producing coating for AZ91D magnesium alloy vehicle active safety device component |
| CN106756854A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏海德曼新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of fluid erosion prevention rub resistance plating filmed metals base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113195759A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-07-30 | 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 | Corrosion and wear resistant nickel base alloy |
| US11939646B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2024-03-26 | Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. | Corrosion and wear resistant nickel based alloys |
| CN113195759B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2023-09-19 | 欧瑞康美科（美国）公司 | Corrosion and wear resistant nickel base alloy |
| CN109623130A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of complex intensifying aluminium alloy |
| CN109623130B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-05-25 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of composite reinforced aluminum alloy |
| CN109536950A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of composite powder improving aluminum alloy heat fatigue behaviour by Laser Cladding Treatment |
| CN110373668A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-25 | 江西科技学院 | A kind of Al alloy composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110499506A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | A kind of high-ductility high-temperature self-lubrication nickel-base antiwear composite layer, preparation method and application |
| CN110699687A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-17 | 成都青石激光科技有限公司 | Method for strengthening high-nickel copper alloy glass mold |
| CN115058709A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-16 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for laser cladding on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN115058709B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-11-14 | 宜宾上交大新材料研究中心 | Method for laser cladding on aluminum alloy surface |
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