CN1786131A - High speed on line electrolysis sharpening grinding liquid suitable for bronze binding agent ultra hard abrasive - Google Patents
High speed on line electrolysis sharpening grinding liquid suitable for bronze binding agent ultra hard abrasive Download PDFInfo
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- CN1786131A CN1786131A CN 200510032591 CN200510032591A CN1786131A CN 1786131 A CN1786131 A CN 1786131A CN 200510032591 CN200510032591 CN 200510032591 CN 200510032591 A CN200510032591 A CN 200510032591A CN 1786131 A CN1786131 A CN 1786131A
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to a grinding fluid used in bronze anchoring agent super hard abrasive grinding wheel high speed electrolyzing dressing grinding. Its weight percentages are base fluid 87-89, sodium nitrite 9-11, saltier 0.25-0.40, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-2.0, borax 0.1-0.2, propanetriol 0.28-0.32, and tributyl phosphate 0.1-0.3. The base fluid is normal water base high speed grinding fluid. It has great electrolysis film forming capability; the descending of the electrolysis current is quick; stable current is small; and the good oxide film can be formed at the superficial of the grinding wheel. The grinding cutter is as 3/4-2/3 of the common grinding; working superficial roughness is as 4/5-3/4.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grinding fluid for advanced ceramic precision and mirror grinding.
Background
The on-line electrolytic In-process Dressing (ELID) technique is a new continuous Dressing grinding method proposed by Japan scholars In 1987, and has been successfully applied to precision and mirror grinding of advanced ceramics. The application range is being increasingly expanded at present. When the method is used for grinding, the grinding wheel is connected with the positive pole of a power supply through the electric brush, a cathode with good electric conductivity is manufactured according to the shape of the grinding wheel and is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, a certain gap is formed between the electrode and the surface of the grinding wheel, grinding fluid with electrolysis action sprayed from the nozzle enters the gap between the electrode and the surface of the grinding wheel, and under the driving of the power supply, a binding agent of the grinding wheel is electrolyzed as the positive pole, so that abrasive particles in the grinding wheel are exposed out of the surface, and a certain cutting height and a chip containing space are formed. Along with the proceeding of the electrolysis process, a layer of oxide film is gradually formed on the surface of the grinding wheel, so that the electrolysis process is prevented from proceeding continuously, and the abrasion of the grinding wheel is not too fast; and after the abrasive particles on the surface of the grinding wheel are worn, the oxide film is scraped and removed by workpiece materials, the electrolysis process is continuously carried out, and the grinding wheel is sharpened. The process is a dynamic balance process, so that the excessive consumption of the grinding wheel is avoided, the abrasive particles can always have certain edge height, and the grinding capacity of the surface of the grinding wheel is automatically maintained, so that the online continuous sharpening of the grinding wheel is realized.
The role of the oxide film is critical during the ELID grinding process. On one hand, the electrolytic action of the metal binding agent of the grinding wheel enables the insulating oxide film to be thickened continuously, on the other hand, the workpiece scrapes off the oxide film continuously, so that the thickness of the oxide film is changed continuously, and finally the generation and the scraping of the oxide film reach dynamic balance; the selection and proportion of the components such as electrolyte, rust inhibitor, coolant and polar additive in the grinding fluid also have important influences on the electrolytic capacity of the grinding fluid, the speed of generating an oxide film by the grinding wheel, the adsorption strength, the hardness, the thickness, the compactness, the insulativity and the final grinding effect. Therefore, the composition ratio of the grinding fluid becomes one of the key technologies in ELID grinding.
Some domestic research institutions prepare corresponding special grinding fluid for the cast iron binder grinding wheel, and perform experimental research on aspects of cooling property, lubricating property, wetting property, rust resistance, electrolytic film forming property and the like of the grinding fluid, so that good effects are obtained. But the prior cast iron binding agent grinding wheel is difficult to manufacture and less in application, so that the popularization and application of the grinding wheel and the grinding fluid are relatively influenced. The bronze bond grinding wheel has good performance, is easy to manufacture and has wide application in actual production, so that the preparation of the ELID special grinding fluid for the bronze bond grinding wheel is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the grinding fluid suitable for high-speed online electrolytic dressing and grinding of the bronze bond superhard abrasive grinding wheel, which has good electrolytic film forming capability, fast reduction of electrolytic current and small stable current; an oxide film with the advantages of being thick, strong in adhesion, high in hardness and good in compactness can be generated on the surface of the grinding wheel; when the grinding fluid is used for grinding ceramics at high speed, the grinding force and the workpiece surface roughness are smaller than those of the common grinding, and the grinding fluid is an ELID special grinding fluid which is prepared aiming at bronze bond grinding wheels and has satisfactory effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the grinding fluid suitable for high-speed online electrolytic sharpening grinding of the bronze bond superabrasive grinding wheel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
87 to 89 percent of base liquid;
9 to 11 percent of sodium nitrite;
0.25 to 0.40 percent of sodium nitrate;
0.5 to 2.0 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate;
0.1 to 0.2 percent of sodium tetraborate;
0.28 to 0.32 percent of glycerol;
0.1 to 0.3 percent of tributyl phosphate;
wherein the base fluid is a conventional water-soluble chemically synthesized grinding fluid.
The water-soluble chemically synthesized grinding fluid used as the base fluid is a product of the prior art, such as grinding fluid recorded in a practical mechanical processing industry manual (edited by Chen Hongyu, Beijing, mechanical industry publishers, 2000.7, 926-928), and comprises one of commercially available No. 420 grinding fluid, M-2 grinding fluid, QM strong grinding fluid and the like; the main chemical components of the No. 420 grinding fluid are glycerol, triethanolamine, sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite and the like, and the main chemical components of the M-2 grinding fluid are oleic acid succinic acid monoethanolamide, sebacic acid monoethanolamide and sodium benzoate.
The present invention is further explained below.
The grinding fluid of the present invention can be prepared by a conventional method, for example, the following method.
Firstly, putting required mass of sodium hydrogen phosphate which is not easy to dissolve into certain mass of hot water or warm water, and continuously stirring by using a glass rod to fully dissolve the sodium hydrogen phosphate; secondly, diluting the base solution with water according to the use requirement and the required quality (the quality of the added water takes the quality of the water used for dissolving the disodiumhydrogen phosphate into account); thirdly, adding the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution which is just dissolved into the base solution, and continuously stirring to uniformly mix the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and the base solution; then, adding the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate which are easy to dissolve into the base solution one by one according to the required mass proportion, and stirring continuously to ensure that the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate are fully and uniformly dissolved to prepare the required grinding fluid.
Generally, the grinding fluid should have four basic properties, namely lubricity, cooling, cleaning penetration and rust prevention, while the ELID grinding fluid should also have better electrolysis and passivation functions; because of good electrolytic capacity, the grinding wheel bonding agent can be dissolved in the solution, but the electrolytic capacity cannot be too large, otherwise, the grinding wheel abrasive material is seriously fallen, and the service life of the grinding wheel is reduced; on the other hand, the abrasive wheel has better passivation capability, namely, a uniform oxide film with moderate thickness is formed on the surface of the abrasive wheel, so that abrasive particles can be uniformly exposed out of the surface of the bonding agent, and stable grinding processing is guaranteed.
Aiming at the bronze bond diamond grinding wheel, the invention optimally selects sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, glycerol and tributyl phosphate as main components of the prepared grinding fluid, wherein:
the sodium nitrite and the sodium nitrate are used as main electrolytes of the grinding fluid to enhance the conductivity of the grinding fluid, and simultaneously, the sodium nitrite and the sodium nitrate are used as inorganic salts together to be effective for destroying a gas film on the surface of a workpiece, so that the cooling property of the grinding fluid can be improved;
sodium nitrite and sodium tetraborate can also enable iron to generate a tight passivation film to prevent oxygen or other active ions from rusting a machine tool, and the antirust performance is good;
the glycerol is used as a surfactant, so that the surface tension of water can be reduced, the lubricating property is improved, the wetting angle of a water-based solution is effectively reduced, and the infiltration and cleaning capacity of the grinding fluid is improved;
tributyl phosphate is used as an extreme pressure additive, which can enhance the extreme pressure property of the grinding fluid, form a chemical lubricating film on the metal surface, ensure the boundary extreme pressure lubrication, so that the grinding fluid can rapidly enter a high-temperature grinding area, and improve the lubricating property of the grinding fluid.
In the electrolytic process of the grinding fluid, under the drive of a power supply, copper serving as an anode grinding wheel bond loses electrons to become copper ions to enter the grinding fluid, then the copper ions are combined with hydroxide ions around the anode to generate copper hydroxide (blue), and the copper hydroxide loses water to generate copper oxide (black): ， ，Cu(OH)2→Cuo, the oxide film formed on the surface of the metal anode should be a mixture of copper hydroxide and copper oxide; the reaction of the cathode is mainly that hydrogen ions obtain electrons to generate hydrogen gas to be discharged: (ii) a The grinding wheel in the online electrolysis action can keep a certain edge-extending height of the abrasive particles along with the continuous electrolysis of the grinding wheel binder, thereby avoiding the blockage and adhesion of the grinding wheel in the grinding process, reducing the grinding force, prolonging the service life of the grinding wheel, improving the processing quality of workpieces, simultaneously reducing the friction between the grinding wheel and the workpieces in the grinding process by an oxide film generated on the surface of the grinding wheel,certain vibration is absorbed, so that the surface roughness of the workpiece is reduced, and the surface quality of the workpiece is improved.
From the above, the grinding fluid is suitable for high-speed online electrolytic sharpening and grinding of the bronze bond superabrasive grinding wheel, has good electrolytic film forming capacity, high electrolytic current reduction speed and small stable current (see figure 1), can generate a thicker oxide film (see figure 2) with strong adhesion, high hardness and good compactness on the surface of the grinding wheel, and has the advantages that when the grinding fluid is used for carrying out high-speed grinding on ceramics, the grinding force is only 3/4-2/3 in common grinding, the roughness of the surface of a workpiece is only 4/5-3/4 in common grinding, and the technical effect is very obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of grinding fluid electrolytic current versus time;
FIG. 2 is an image (80 times magnified) of the oxide film produced on the surface of the anode grinding wheel.
Detailed Description
Example 1: taking 87.77 percent of base fluid (No. 420 grinding fluid), 11 percent of sodium nitrite, 0.25 percent of sodium nitrate, 0.5 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1 percent of sodium tetraborate, 0.28 percent of glycerol and 0.1 percent of tributyl phosphate according to mass percent, firstly putting the required mass of disodium hydrogen phosphate which is not easy to dissolve into a certain mass of hot water or warm water, and continuously stirring by using a glass rod to fully dissolve the disodium hydrogen phosphate; secondly, diluting the base solution with water according to the use requirement and the required quality (the quality of the added water takes the quality of the water used for dissolving the disodium hydrogen phosphate into account); thirdly, adding the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution which is just dissolved into the base solution, and continuously stirring to uniformly mix the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and the base solution; then, adding the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate which are easy to dissolve into the base solution one by one according to the required mass proportion, and stirring continuously to ensure that the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate are fully and uniformly dissolved to prepare the required grinding fluid.
Example 2: taking 87.78% of base liquid (No. 420 grinding fluid), 9% of sodium nitrite, 0.40% of sodium nitrate, 2.0% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2% of sodium tetraborate, 0.32% of glycerol and 0.3% of tributyl phosphate according to mass percent, firstly, putting the disodium hydrogen phosphate which is not easy to dissolve and has required mass into hot water or warm water with certain mass, and continuously stirring by using a glass rod to fully dissolve the disodium hydrogen phosphate; secondly, diluting the base solution with water according to the use requirement and the required quality (the quality of the added water takes the quality of the water used for dissolving the disodium hydrogen phosphate into account); thirdly, adding the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution which is just dissolved into the base solution, and continuously stirring to uniformly mix the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and the base solution; then, adding the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate which are easy to dissolve into the base solution one by one according to the required mass proportion, and stirring continuously to ensure that the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate are fully and uniformly dissolved to prepare the required grinding fluid.
Example 3: taking 88.78% of base liquid (No. 420 grinding fluid), 9% of sodium nitrite, 0.32% of sodium nitrate, 1.25% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.15% of sodium tetraborate, 0.3% of glycerol and 0.2% of tributyl phosphate according to mass percent, firstly, putting the disodium hydrogen phosphate which is not easy to dissolve and has required mass into hot water or warm water with certain mass, and continuously stirring by using a glass rod to fully dissolve the disodium hydrogen phosphate; secondly, diluting the base solution with water according to the use requirement and the required quality (the quality of the added water takes the quality of the water used for dissolving the disodium hydrogen phosphate into account); thirdly, adding the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution which is just dissolved into the base solution, and continuously stirring to uniformly mix the disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and the base solution; then, adding the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate which are easy to dissolve into the base solution one by one according to the required mass proportion, and stirring continuouslyto ensure that the sodium nitrite, the sodium nitrate, the sodium tetraborate and the glycerol tributyl phosphate are fully and uniformly dissolved to prepare the required grinding fluid.
Claims (1)
1. A grinding fluid suitable for high-speed online electrolytic dressing and grinding of a bronze bond superhard abrasive grinding wheel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
87 to 89 percent of base liquid;
9 to 11 percent of sodium nitrite;
0.25 to 0.40 percent of sodium nitrate;
0.5 to 2.0 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate;
0.1 to 0.2 percent of sodium tetraborate;
0.28 to 0.32 percent of glycerol;
0.1 to 0.3 percent of tributyl phosphate;
wherein the base fluid is a conventional water-soluble chemically synthesized grinding fluid.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100478416C (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2009-04-15 | 天津大学 | Water-base grinding fluid for on-line electrolytic grinding |
| CN105296128A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 无锡清杨机械制造有限公司 | Mechanical grinding fluid |
| CN105922084A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽三联学院 | Technology for precisely grinding metal surface coating |
| CN106591921A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 湖南科技大学 | ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) grinding electrolyte for copper-based brazed grinding wheel |
| CN110129119A (en) * | 2019-05-11 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of ELID grinding dedicated grinding fluid of plastic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110129118A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | ELID is ground dedicated grinding fluid of aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111534359A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-14 | 北京工业大学 | Grinding wheel in-place electric spark precision shaping machining liquid based on ELID grinding |
-
2005
- 2005-12-21 CN CN 200510032591 patent/CN1786131A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100478416C (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2009-04-15 | 天津大学 | Water-base grinding fluid for on-line electrolytic grinding |
| CN105296128A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 无锡清杨机械制造有限公司 | Mechanical grinding fluid |
| CN105922084A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽三联学院 | Technology for precisely grinding metal surface coating |
| CN105922084B (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽三联学院 | A kind of fine grinding technology to coating for metal surfaces |
| CN106591921A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 湖南科技大学 | ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) grinding electrolyte for copper-based brazed grinding wheel |
| CN110129118A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | ELID is ground dedicated grinding fluid of aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110129118B (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2022-01-14 | 北京工业大学 | Grinding fluid special for ELID grinding aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110129119A (en) * | 2019-05-11 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of ELID grinding dedicated grinding fluid of plastic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110129119B (en) * | 2019-05-11 | 2021-12-10 | 北京工业大学 | Grinding fluid special for ELID grinding of plastic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111534359A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-14 | 北京工业大学 | Grinding wheel in-place electric spark precision shaping machining liquid based on ELID grinding |
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