CN1326663C - Superhard abrasive grinding wheel of metal binding agent eletrolyzable online, and preparation method - Google Patents
Superhard abrasive grinding wheel of metal binding agent eletrolyzable online, and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1326663C CN1326663C CNB2004100299503A CN200410029950A CN1326663C CN 1326663 C CN1326663 C CN 1326663C CN B2004100299503 A CNB2004100299503 A CN B2004100299503A CN 200410029950 A CN200410029950 A CN 200410029950A CN 1326663 C CN1326663 C CN 1326663C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a superhard abrasive grinding wheel of a metal binding agent and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of precise machinery machining, and the metal binding agent can be electrolyzed on line. The grinding wheel is characterized in that abrasives are the batching of diamond, CBN and binding agents, and the main ingredients of the binding agents comprise 60 to 80 wt% of iron powder, 5 to 15 wt% of copper powder, 5 to 20 wt% of metal additive and 3 to 5 wt% of non-metal additive to be sintered in a cold pressing way. The technology comprises the following steps that the diamond and one kind or two kinds of cubic boron nitride are used to batch according to conventional concentration and are mixed with the iron powder; the mixture is uniformly stirred, and then a small amount of ethanol is added, and the mixture is mixed again; the copper powder, the metal additive and the non-metal additive powder are added together to be mixed; the mixture is filled in a mould, 400 to 500 M Pa of pressure is added, and after the pressure is maintained for 5 to 10 seconds, the mould is demoulded; and after that the mould is sintered, the sintering environment is reducing atmosphere, and the grinding wheel of the present invention is obtained according to a conventional sintering rule of grinding wheels of metal binding agents. The present invention solves the problems of difficult dressing of common grinding tools of resin binding agents, poor retentivity of geometric shapes of working surfaces and short service life in precise mirror grinding machining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to can online electrolysis metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel belong to field, mechanical precision processing technology field, can realize the metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel precision mirror surface grinding that online electrolysis can online electrolysis.
Background technology
In Precision Machining, adopt resin bond wheel (diamond or cubic boron nitride fine particle size) usually.Be characterized in having certain elasticity and higher intensity, resistance to impact is good.But its heat resistance and alkali resistance are relatively poor, and the high temperature of grinding area can burn bond, and alkaline grinding fluid can reduce the intensity and the hardness of emery wheel, increase the wearing and tearing of emery wheel, thereby make the form accuracy of emery wheel be difficult to keep.Because the finishing of the emery wheel of resinoid bond can only be adopted the diamond pen dressing method, therefore for the emery wheel of ultra tiny granularity, the diamond pen dressing method can't be realized accurate dressing to it.
Metal bonded wheel commonly used mainly is the bronze binding agent emery wheel.It is stronger than the adhesion of resin bond wheel, and wearability is good, and work geometry retentivity is good, and long service life can be born big load; But self-sharpening is poor, stops up easily, needs often finishing, and can only adopt the mill method is carried out the off-line finishing, the cost height, and efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to weak point difficult at common resins binding agent grinder dressing in the precision mirror surface grinding and that working face geometry retentivity is poor, the life-span is short, provide a kind of can online electrolysis metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel and the grinding fluid that cooperates this emery wheel to use with electrolysis effect and generation passivating film effect.
Metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis provided by the present invention, it is characterized in that, abrasive material is a kind of of diamond and CBN or two kinds, prepare burden according to conventional concentration with bond, this bond main component is that mass percent is 60%～80% iron powder, copper powder 5%～15%, add metallic addition and 3～5% graphite again with 5～20%, ferroferric oxide powder is a kind of or two kinds be mixed with non-metallic additive, adopt cold-rolled sintered method make can online electrolysis metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel.
Described cold-rolled sintered manufacture craft process is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 1:
(1) with the super hard abrasive diamond, cubic boron nitride is a kind of or two kinds according to conventional concentration batching, with the iron powder mixing and stirring of putting together, add small amount of ethanol then and mix again;
(2) copper powder and metallic addition and non-metallic additive powder are added in the lump mix;
(3) above-mentioned powder is packed into mould, pressurization reaches 400---in 5～10 seconds of pressurize behind the 500Mpa, carry out the demoulding then;
(4) will take off compacting embryo spare after touching puts into sintering furnace and carries out sintering, the sintering environment is a reducing atmosphere, according to metal bonded wheel normal sintering system, guarantee maximum temperature 900-950 degree, be incubated and obtained metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis of the present invention in 1-1.5 hour.
Adding small amount of ethanol in the step (1) can make abrasive material and iron powder bond together, around abrasive material, wrap attached very thin one deck iron powder, overcome the too small shortcoming of super hard abrasive proportion, and when sintering, helped abrasive particle, belonged to known technology with the combination between the bond.
Be the schematic diagram of the sintering process of emery wheel of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, belong to metal bonded wheel normal sintering system, the sintering temperature error must be controlled at ± 5 ℃ within.Sintering temperature was at the uniform velocity risen to the 300-400 degree at 1-1.5 hour; Be incubated after 1-1.5 hour, process at the uniform velocity rose to the 500-600 degree in 0.5-0.6 hour; Be incubated after 1-1.5 hour, evenly rose to 700 through 0.5-0.6 hour---750 degree; Be incubated after 1-1.5 hour, at the uniform velocity rose to 800 through 0.5-0.6 hour---850 degree; Be incubated after 1-1.5 hour, at the uniform velocity rose to 900 through 0.5-0.6 hour---950 degree; Be incubated after 1-1.5 hour, be cooled to room temperature.
Emery wheel of the present invention has following characteristics:
1) metallic bond in the emery wheel has enough intensity and hardness, enough can bear big grinding force greatly and difficult drop-off to the hold of abrasive material.
2) in the grinding wheel bond be that the rational proportion of the various metals of main component guarantees that emery wheel online electrolysis speed in grinding process is fit to iron, removal amount evenly, stablize of abrasive particle quantity of participating in grinding more.
3) speed of the rational proportion of the various metal ingredients in grinding wheel bond assurance emery wheel generation passivating film in surface when correct grinding or tarry matter is fast, quality even, fine and close, abundant, flexible good, strong adhesion, can become desirable polishing film.
As the grinding fluid that is used with metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis in the online electrolysis grinding, not only enough coolings, lubricity, permeability, cleaning and antirust ability to be arranged, but also will possess good electrolysis, activation and passivation.On the one hand the electrolysis, activation ability to be arranged, can make online electrolytic dressing grinding in can online electrolysis metallic bond the priming reaction that the anodic solution of appropriate speed is removed takes place in certain electrical parameter range, reach the purpose of dressing emery wheel, also have the ability that in time generates and keep the suitable thickness passivating film at wheel face simultaneously, reach and suppress the purpose that emery wheel overelectrolysis loss and correct grinding, tarry matter stage serve as no pressure polishing membrane interaction.Also have antirust function of prevent erosion, lathe is not had corrosiveness.
The grinding fluid that uses of metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis provided by the invention is characterized in that:
This grinding fluid is to form than 1: 5～1: 20 according to grinding fluid stoste and water quality, wherein said grinding fluid stoste is the sodium molybdate by mass percent 0.1～0.3%, 2～4% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1～0.5% glycerine, 0.8～1.2% triethanolamine, 0.8～2% borax, 0.12～1% sodium sulfite, 0.28～1% chilli oil, all the other are that water is formulated.
The preparation method of the grinding fluid that uses of metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis provided by the invention is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1. water is heated to 60 ℃～80 ℃;
2. sodium hydrogen phosphate, borax, sodium sulfite, sodium molybdate are added to be stirred in the above-mentioned water to dissolve and obtain solution;
3. glycerine, triethanolamine are poured into and be stirred to whole dissolvings in the above-mentioned solution;
4. after will pouring the whole dissolvings of chilli oil into, be cooled to room temperature and obtain grinding fluid stoste;
5. obtained the grinding fluid that uses of metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis of the present invention than 1: 5～1: 20 according to grinding fluid stoste and water quality.
The rational proportion of various compositions such as inorganic salts and surfactant in the grinding fluid, not only can bring into play each maximum effect of forming branch and the cooperative effect between the composition, the best comprehensive grinding performance that keeps grinding fluid, can also with the electrolysis power electrical quantity and can the metal bonded wheel of online electrolysis in the bond proportioning of metal ingredient match, realize that the reasonable control of the speed of electrolysis film forming and quality reaches the best dressing effect of ultra micro powder degree emery wheel.
The metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis and the size of grinding fluid electrolysis film forming ability in online electrolysis grinding thereof, the quality of quality can be judged by electrolysis, activation, the Passivation Curve of electrolysis stage, as shown in Figure 4.With connect high-frequency impulse electrolysis power supply can online electrolysis metal bonded wheel and grinding fluid thereof on grinding machine, start, allow emery wheel electrolysis in rotation at a high speed, but do not carry out grinding, treat that the wheel face passivating film forms, when electrolysis is suppressed, write down the change curve of electric current.Can judge the quality that is electrolyzed to produce film properties of emery wheel and grinding fluid thereof thus: as maximum Faradaic current＞10A, when Faradaic current＜2A after the film forming, passivating film generated cycle＜10 minute, the electrolysis film-formation result of system was comparatively desirable.
The present invention is mainly used in the precision mirror surface grinding of hard brittle material and composite and the Precision Machining of profiled surface.Be applicable to Precision Machining industries such as Aero-Space, military industry field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 iron and metal bonded wheel manufacture craft process;
Fig. 2 can online electrolysis the sintering process curve of metal bonded wheel;
The electrolysis, activation Passivation Curve of Fig. 3 metal bonded wheel.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: implementation condition: M7130 type surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table, Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel and each a slice of vitrified bond CBN emery wheel that can online electrolysis, the granularity of emery wheel is 120#, the linear velocity Vs=20m/s of emery wheel, table feed speed f=10m/min, emery wheel feed amount a
p=0.0025mm, workpiece material are the anti-hydrogen stainless steel of HR-1.Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel 1 that can online electrolysis is made as follows:
Abrasive material: 120# granularity, the CBN of 100% concentration
Bond: the iron powder by 80%, 10% copper powder, 5% nickel powder, 5% tri-iron tetroxide powder is formulated.
Wherein percentage is mass percent.
Sintering method: adopt above-mentioned cold sintering to make emery wheel.
The preparation method of the grinding fluid that is used with above-mentioned emery wheel is as follows:
The preparation ratio of grinding fluid 1 is: the sodium molybdate by 0.3%, and 4% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% glycerine, 1.2% triethanolamine, 2% borax, 1% sodium sulfite, 1% chilli oil is formulated.
Compound method:
1. water is heated to 60 ℃
2. sodium hydrogen phosphate, borax, sodium sulfite are poured in the pond and stirred, to all dissolvings.
3. glycerine, triethanolamine are poured into and be stirred to whole dissolvings in the above-mentioned solution.
4. chilli oil is poured in the solution pool and stirred, treat that solvent all after the dissolving, is cooled to room temperature.
Grinding fluid is that the dilution ratio with stoste and water is 1: 5.
Embodiment 2: implementation condition: M7130 type surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table, Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel and each a slice of vitrified bond CBN emery wheel that can online electrolysis, the granularity of emery wheel is 120#, the grinding dosage that uses is the linear velocity Vs=20m/s of emery wheel, table feed speed f=10m/min, emery wheel feed amount a
p=0.0025mm, workpiece material are steel bonded carbide.
The preparation method of metal-base diamond and CBN compound abrasive grinding wheel 2 is as follows:
Abrasive material: 120# granularity, the diamond of 100% concentration and CBN compound abrasive.
Bond: the iron powder by 70%, 10% copper powder, 10% silver powder, 2% glass putty, 3% zinc powder, 5% tri-iron tetroxide powder is formulated.Wherein percentage is mass percent.
Sintering method: adopt above-mentioned cold sintering to make emery wheel.
The preparation method of the grinding fluid that is used with above-mentioned emery wheel is as follows:
The preparation ratio of grinding fluid 2 is: the sodium molybdate by 0.2%, and 3% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3% glycerine, 1% triethanolamine, 1.4% borax, 0.53% sodium sulfite, 0.64% chilli oil is formulated.
Compound method:
1. water is heated to 70 ℃
2. sodium hydrogen phosphate, borax, sodium sulfite are poured in the pond and stirred, to all dissolvings.
3. glycerine, triethanolamine are poured into and be stirred to whole dissolvings in the above-mentioned solution.
4. chilli oil is poured in the solution pool and stirred, treat that solvent all after the dissolving, is cooled to room temperature.
Grinding fluid is that the dilution ratio with stoste and water is 1: 15.
Embodiment 3: implementation condition: M7130 type surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table, Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel and each a slice of vitrified bond CBN emery wheel that can online electrolysis, the granularity of emery wheel is 120#, the grinding dosage that uses is the linear velocity Vs=20m/s of emery wheel, table feed speed f=10m/min, emery wheel feed amount a
p=0.0025mm, workpiece material are carbide alloy.The preparation method of metal-base diamond abrasive grinding wheel 3 is as follows:
Abrasive material: 120# granularity, the diamond abrasive of 100% concentration.
Bond: the iron powder by 60%, 15% copper powder, 15% glass putty, 5% zinc powder, 5% graphite powder is formulated.Wherein percentage is mass percent.
Sintering method: adopt above-mentioned cold sintering to make emery wheel.
The preparation method of the grinding fluid that is used with above-mentioned emery wheel is as follows:
The preparation ratio of grinding fluid 3 is: the sodium molybdate by 0.1%, and 2% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1% glycerine, 0.8% triethanolamine, 0.8% borax, 0.12% sodium sulfite, 0.28% chilli oil is formulated.
Compound method:
1. water is heated to 80 ℃
2. sodium hydrogen phosphate, borax, sodium sulfite are poured in the pond and stirred, to all dissolvings.
3. glycerine, triethanolamine are poured into and be stirred to whole dissolvings in the above-mentioned solution.
4. chilli oil is poured in the solution pool and stirred, treat that solvent all after the dissolving, is cooled to room temperature.
Grinding fluid is that the dilution ratio with stoste and water is 1: 20.
Implementation result of the present invention is shown in table 1-3:
Table one is metal bonded wheel that can online electrolysis and the stainless ground effect of the anti-hydrogen of grinding fluid grinding plastic material HR-1 that matches with it and use.
Table two is for metal bonded wheel that can online electrolysis and the ground effect of the grinding fluid grinding composite steel bonded carbide that uses of matching with it.
Table three is for metal bonded wheel that can online electrolysis and the ground effect of the grinding fluid grinding hard brittle material carbide alloy that uses of matching with it.
Table one
Table two
Table three
Claims (2)
1, metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis, it is characterized in that, abrasive material is a kind of of diamond and CBN or two kinds, prepare burden according to conventional concentration with bond, this bond main component is that mass percent is 60%～80% iron powder, copper powder 5%～15%, add again with 5～20% metallic addition and 3～5% graphite, ferroferric oxide powder is a kind of or two kinds are mixed with non-metallic additive, adopt cold-rolled sintered method make can online electrolysis metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel.
2, metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cold-rolled sintered may further comprise the steps:
(1) two kinds in super hard abrasive diamond, a kind of end of cubic boron nitride are prepared burden according to conventional concentration with bond,, add small amount of ethanol then and mix again with the iron powder mixing and stirring of putting together;
(2) copper powder and metallic addition and non-metallic additive powder are added in the lump mix;
(3) above-mentioned powder is packed into mould, pressurization reach behind the 400-500Mpa 5～10 seconds of pressurize, carry out the demoulding then;
(4) will take off compacting embryo spare after touching puts into sintering furnace and carries out sintering, the sintering environment is a reducing atmosphere, according to metal bonded wheel normal sintering system, guarantee maximum temperature 900-950 degree, be incubated and obtained metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel that can online electrolysis of the present invention in 1-1.5 hour.
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| CNB2004100299503A CN1326663C (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2004-04-06 | Superhard abrasive grinding wheel of metal binding agent eletrolyzable online, and preparation method |
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| CNB2004100299503A CN1326663C (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2004-04-06 | Superhard abrasive grinding wheel of metal binding agent eletrolyzable online, and preparation method |
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| CN1326663C true CN1326663C (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102009393B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-07-18 | 沈阳中科超硬磨具磨削研究所 | Preparation technology of high-speed grinding CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) ceramic grinding wheel |
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| CN1326664C (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-07-18 | 河南莱盟特磨料磨具有限公司 | Cubic boron nitride ceramic binder parallel abrasion wheel and its production method |
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