CN106388929B - Isolated square wave irreversible electroporation instrument - Google Patents
Isolated square wave irreversible electroporation instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN106388929B CN106388929B CN201610922442.0A CN201610922442A CN106388929B CN 106388929 B CN106388929 B CN 106388929B CN 201610922442 A CN201610922442 A CN 201610922442A CN 106388929 B CN106388929 B CN 106388929B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00613—Irreversible electroporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technology of electronics and medical appliances, in particular to an irreversible electroporation therapeutic instrument for tumors, and particularly relates to an isolated square wave irreversible electroporation instrument which comprises a power supply conversion circuit, an energy storage circuit, an isolated conversion circuit, a signal controller, an electrode, an acquisition output unit and a power supply, wherein the output end of the power supply is connected with the power supply conversion circuit, the power supply conversion circuit is connected with the isolated conversion circuit sequentially through the energy storage circuit, the isolated conversion circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the electrode and the acquisition output unit, the output end of the acquisition output unit is connected with the regulation input end of the isolated conversion circuit, the signal controller is respectively connected with the control of the power supply conversion circuit and the isolated conversion circuit, and the energy storage circuit is also connected with the power supply conversion circuit. The invention adopts the isolated transformation to improve the electrical safety of the irreversible electroporation instrument, can reduce the heat generation in the electroporation process, and can be used for in-vivo or in-vitro treatment experimental study of solid tumor treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of electronics and medical instruments, in particular to an irreversible electroporation therapeutic instrument for tumors, and particularly relates to an isolated square wave irreversible electroporation instrument.
Background
Electroporation is a physical process in which a cell membrane generates micropores under the action of a pulsed electric field, and is a phenomenon. Electroporation is classified into reversible electroporation and irreversible electroporation according to the difference of the pulse electric field intensity, the pulse width and the number of times of action; reversible electroporation is the application of an electric field of appropriate strength and width across the cell membrane, with a pulsed electric field causing temporary, reversible channels or permeabilities in the phospholipid or phosphoprotein membrane. When the cell is exposed to an electric field, a transmembrane voltage is induced on the cell membrane, if the voltage exceeds a certain value, the permeability and the conductivity of the cell membrane are obviously increased, generally by several orders of magnitude, after the pulse electric field acts, the pore canal is naturally closed, the cell can recover to a normal state, and molecules which cannot pass through the cell membrane under other transport mechanisms can pass through the cell membrane due to the increase of the permeability of the membrane; reversible electroporation significantly increases the exchange capacity of intracellular and extracellular molecules, and is beneficial to the absorption of various drugs, genetic substances, proteins, other macromolecules and the like by cells.
The combination of electric pulse and chemotherapeutic medicine can cure tumor and create electric pulse chemotherapy for tumor with better effect and less side effect. When the pulsed electric field exceeds the limit that the cell can withstand, the cell membrane cannot be re-occluded after the electric field, and the cell is irreversibly ruptured, resulting in cell death, a phenomenon known as irreversible electrical breakdown. Whether irreversible electroporation occurs is related to the width of the electrical pulse, the pulse amplitude, the number of pulses, and the physicochemical properties of the cell. In the past electroporation application researches, such as gene transfection, tumor electric pulse chemotherapy and the like, the reversible electric breakdown phenomenon of cells is utilized to control the irreversible electric breakdown phenomenon. The electric pulse is led into tumor tissue to make malignant tumor cell generate irreversible electric breakdown, so that the survival condition of tumor is destroyed and the aim of killing tumor cell is reached. The use of strong pulsed electric fields alone, without the use of chemotherapeutics, can lead to apoptosis of tumor cells and can effectively inhibit the growth of tumors, and the tumor treatment method is called irreversible electroporation tumor ablation.
Proved by years of researches of scholars in various countries, the pulse electric field intensity used by irreversible electroporation is 1.5kV/cm, and the treatment effect is most obvious when the pulse width is 100 mu s, so that the clinical electroporation instrument adopts square wave pulse with the pulse amplitude of 3kV and the pulse width of 100 mu s, the maximum output current can reach 50A, and the pulse power can reach 150kW. The number of pulses per treatment is 90, the pulse time interval is 100-1000 ms, one treatment can create an ablation zone of about 2cm x 3cm, the pulse width and the pulse power are directly isolated by pulse transformation, the weight of the device becomes unacceptable, therefore, most of the current methods adopt a direct discharge mode of an energy storage capacitor, and if the amplitude of square wave voltage is reduced by 5% at the end of one pulse, the capacity of the energy storage capacitor is 33 mu F. The energy storage capacitor is therefore required to store 145J of energy prior to discharge, which corresponds to the energy released when the external defibrillator discharges, which requires that the discharge circuit must be very reliable, otherwise, once a fault occurs, the energy in the energy storage capacitor will be released all the way to the patient, which can have catastrophic consequences.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects of the prior art, provides an isolated square wave irreversible electroporation device, wherein the output waveform of the irreversible electroporation device is square wave, so that the generation of heat in the electroporation process can be reduced, the irreversible electric breakdown of living cells can be generated, the irreversible electroporation device can be used for in-vivo or ex-vivo treatment experimental research of solid tumor treatment, the electric safety of the irreversible electroporation device is improved, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows in order to realize the purposes:
The utility model provides an isolated irreversible electroporation appearance, includes power conversion circuit, tank circuit, isolated conversion circuit, signal controller, electrode, gathers output unit and power, the output of power is connected with power conversion circuit, and this power conversion circuit loops through tank circuit and isolated conversion circuit's signal input part to be connected, and isolated conversion circuit's output is connected with the anodal of electrode, gathers output unit's input respectively, and this output that gathers output unit's output is connected with isolated conversion circuit's regulation input, signal controller is connected with power conversion circuit's control input, isolated conversion circuit's control input respectively, tank circuit's voltage output still with power conversion circuit's regulation input is connected.
Preferably, the power supply conversion circuit comprises a pulse width modulation circuit, a voltage boosting circuit, a filter circuit and a rectification circuit, wherein a signal output end of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected with a control end of the voltage boosting circuit, the voltage boosting circuit is connected with an input end of the rectification circuit through the filter circuit, the power supply is also respectively connected with the voltage boosting circuit and an input end of the filter circuit, an output end of the rectification circuit is connected with a storage circuit, an output end of the storage circuit is connected with an anode of the electrode through the isolated conversion circuit, an output end of the storage circuit is also connected with an adjusting input end of the pulse width modulation circuit, and an output end of the isolated conversion circuit is connected with an adjusting input end of the isolated conversion circuit through an output end of the acquisition output unit.
Preferably, the pulse width modulation circuit comprises a PWM controller, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an adjustable resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, the step-up circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2 and a step-up transformer T1, the tank circuit comprises a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4, the rectifier circuit comprises a diode D1 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to an oscillating discharge output end of the PWM controller, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to an oscillating timing resistor input end of the PWM controller, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to an oscillating timing capacitor input end of the PWM controller, the other end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C1 are all connected to ground, one end of the resistor R3, one end of the adjustable resistor R4, a center tap of the adjustable resistor R4 and an inverting error input end of the PWM controller are connected to ground, a first complementary output end of the PWM controller is connected to a first complementary output end of the PWM transistor and a second complementary output end of the PWM controller, one end of the first complementary transistor and a second complementary transistor of the PWM controller is connected to a second complementary transistor of the first complementary transistor, one end of the first complementary transistor is connected to a drain of the first complementary transistor of the resistor, the second complementary transistor is connected to a second complementary transistor of the first complementary transistor is connected to the second complementary transistor of the second complementary transistor, the second complementary transistor is connected to the second end of the second complementary transistor is connected to the second end of the capacitor, the positive pole of electric capacity C4 is connected, electric capacity C3's positive pole is connected with the signal input part of the other end of resistance R3, diode D1's negative pole, isolated form conversion circuit respectively, and this isolated form conversion circuit's conversion output is fed back the regulation input part of input to isolated form conversion circuit through gathering output unit, electric capacity C4's negative pole is connected with ground, the electric capacity input of PWM controller is connected with signal controller's input/output control port.
Preferably, the power supply is an alternating voltage of 0-36V and the frequency is 30-100 kHz.
Preferably, the PWM controller outputs a square wave pulse signal with a frequency of 50kHz, the PWM controller adopts a SG3525 chip, and the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2 adopt IRF540 as switching transistors.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 is not lower than 2200 mu F, and the withstand voltage value is not lower than 450V.
Preferably, the isolated conversion circuit includes a high-speed pulse width modulation controller, a first digital isolation driver, a second digital isolation driver, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, a third power amplifier, a fourth power amplifier, an isolation transformer T2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, an inductance L1 and a capacitor C6, the acquisition output unit includes a resistor R6, a current sensor T3 and an adjustable resistor R7, the enable ends of the first digital isolation driver and the second digital isolation driver are respectively connected with the input/output control port of the signal controller, the first output control end of the high-speed pulse width modulation controller is connected with the first input end of the first digital isolation driver, the second input end of the second digital isolation driver, and the second output control end of the high-speed pulse width modulation controller is connected with the second input end of the first digital isolation driver and the first input end of the second digital isolation driver;
The drain electrode of the first power amplifier and the drain electrode of the third power amplifier are connected with the output end of the energy storage circuit, the grid electrode of the first power amplifier is connected with the first driving output end of the first digital isolation driver, the source electrode of the first power amplifier is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the second power amplifier is connected with the second driving output end of the first digital isolation driver, the source electrode of the second power amplifier is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the third power amplifier is connected with the first driving output end of the second digital isolation driver, the grid electrode of the fourth power amplifier is connected with the second driving output end of the second digital isolation driver, the source electrode of the fourth power amplifier is connected with the ground, the source electrode of the first power amplifier and the drain electrode of the second power amplifier are connected with one tap of the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, the source electrode of the third power amplifier and the drain electrode of the fourth power amplifier are connected with the other tap of the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, one tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D5, the other tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D4 and the cathode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D4 are respectively connected with one end of the inductor L1, one end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6, the anode of the capacitor C6 and the anode of the electrode, the cathode of the electrode is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D5, the anode of the capacitor C6 and one tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3, the other tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R6, one tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 is respectively connected with one end of the adjustable resistor R7 and the center tap of the adjustable resistor R7, the reverse phase error input end of the PWM controller is connected, and the other tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 and the other end of the adjustable resistor R7 are respectively connected with the ground.
Preferably, the first digital isolation driver and the second digital isolation driver are Si82390 chips, the high-speed pulse width modulation controller is a UC3825 control chip, and the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier, the third power amplifier and the fourth power amplifier are silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes or IGBT power tubes, and the breakdown voltage of the silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes or IGBT power tubes is 1200V.
Preferably, the silicon carbide power MOSFET is a C2M0025120D power tube.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
(1) The invention adopts the isolated transformation technology, improves the electrical safety of the irreversible electroporation instrument, reduces the volume of the equipment, reduces the weight of the equipment, and can reduce the heat generation in the electroporation process by transforming the output waveform of the isolated transformation into square waves;
(2) The voltage output by the isolated pulse converter adopts isolated current sensing to detect the output voltage, so that the response speed of the voltage stabilizer is improved, the amplitude of the output voltage is stabilized, the output impedance of the converter is reduced, the requirement on the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is reduced, and the voltage withstand requirement on the switching device is reduced.
(3) The isolated pulse converter is adopted, the amplitude of the output pulse can be improved according to the increasing of the transformation ratio of the transformer, the treatment range of single ablation is enlarged, the output ripple wave is reduced by adopting an LC filter to the output waveform of the isolated pulse converter, and the rising edge and the falling edge waveforms of the output pulse are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the examples of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some examples of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without the benefit of the present invention to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an isolated square wave irreversible electroporation apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the power conversion circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the isolated conversion circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the output of the signal controller of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of the output of the step-up transformer of the present invention after conversion.
Fig. 7 is an output waveform diagram of the electrode of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an isolated square wave irreversible electroporation apparatus comprises a power conversion circuit 1, an energy storage circuit 2, an isolated conversion circuit 3, a signal controller 4, an electrode 5, an acquisition output unit 6 and a power supply 7, wherein the output end of the power supply 7 is connected with the power conversion circuit 1, the power conversion circuit 1 is sequentially connected with the signal input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 through the energy storage circuit 2, the output end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the electrode 5 and the input end of the acquisition output unit 6, the output end of the acquisition output unit 6 is connected with the regulation input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3, the signal controller 4 is respectively connected with the control input end of the power conversion circuit 1 and the control input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3, and the voltage output end of the energy storage circuit 3 is also connected with the regulation input end of the power conversion circuit 1. The power supply 7 is a direct current voltage of 0-36V and has a frequency of 30-100 kHz. In the embodiment of the invention, the 220V mains supply is reduced by a switching power supply mode to generate the 24V power supply voltage which is isolated and output, the energy storage circuit 2 is charged and discharged by using the 24V power supply voltage to ensure the amplitude of output pulse, the energy storage voltage output by the energy storage circuit 2 provides high-energy pulse for the electrode 5 through the isolated conversion circuit 3, in order to improve the pulse amplitude output by the isolated conversion circuit 3, reduce the withstand voltage of a discharge switch in the output circuit and improve the discharge speed, the energy storage circuit 2 adopts a working mode that a plurality of capacitors are connected in parallel or in series for charging and discharging, the required square wave pulse can be obtained by controlling the working time of the isolated conversion circuit 3, the amplitude of the pulse determines the electric field intensity formed by the pulse in tumor tissues, the electric field intensity determines the ablation range and the ablation effect, the electric field intensity is too low, the electric field intensity for forming irreversible electroporation cannot be achieved, and the normal tissues can be damaged due to the too high electric field intensity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the power supply conversion circuit 1 includes a pulse width modulation circuit 100, a boost circuit 101, a filter circuit 102 and a rectification circuit 103, where a signal output end of the pulse width modulation circuit 100 is connected to a control end of the boost circuit 101, a pass filter circuit 102 of the boost circuit 101 is connected to an input end of the rectification circuit 103, the power supply 7 is further connected to input ends of the boost circuit 101 and the filter circuit 102, an output end of the rectification circuit 103 is connected to an energy storage circuit 2, an output end of the energy storage circuit 2 is connected to a positive electrode of the electrode 5 through the isolated conversion circuit 3, an output end of the energy storage circuit 2 is further connected to an adjustment input end of the pulse width modulation circuit 100, and an output end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 is connected to an adjustment input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 through an output end of the acquisition output unit 6; the pulse width modulation circuit 100 comprises a PWM controller IC1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an adjustable resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, the boost circuit 101 comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2 and a boost transformer T1, the energy storage circuit 2 comprises a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4, the rectifying circuit 102 comprises a diode D1 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with an oscillation discharging output end DIS of the PWM controller IC1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected with an oscillation timing resistor input end RT of the PWM controller IC1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with an oscillation timing capacitor input end CT of the PWM controller IC1, the other end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C1 are all connected with ground, one end of the resistor R3, one end of the adjustable resistor R4 and a center tap of the adjustable resistor R4 are connected with an inversion error input end of the PWM controller IC1, the other end of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with the ground, the first complementary output end OUTA of the PWM controller IC1 is connected with the grid of the field effect tube Q1, the second complementary output end OUTB of the PWM controller IC1 is connected with the grid of the field effect tube Q2, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with one end of a primary side tap of the step-up transformer T1, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is respectively connected with an external turn-off signal input end SD of the PWM controller IC1, one end of the resistor R5 and the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the ground, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with the other end of the primary side tap of the step-up transformer T1, the center tap of the step-up transformer T1 is respectively connected with the input end of the power supply 7 and the filter circuit 103, one end of a secondary side tap of the step-up transformer T1 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2, the other end of the secondary tap of the step-up transformer T1 is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C3 and the positive electrode of the capacitor C4, the positive electrode of the capacitor C3 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R3, the negative electrode of the diode D1 and the signal input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3, the conversion output end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 is fed back and input to the regulation input end of the isolated conversion circuit 3 through the acquisition output unit 6, the negative electrode of the capacitor C4 is connected with the ground, and the capacitor input end SS of the PWM controller IC1 is connected with the input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4. The PWM controller IC1 outputs square wave pulse signals with the frequency of 50kHz, the model of the PWM controller IC1 is SG3525 chips, the model of the field effect tube Q1 and the model of the field effect tube Q2 are IRF540 as switching tubes, and the signal controller 4 adopts a singlechip control chip.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the capacitor input terminal SS (eighth leg) of the PWM controller IC1 is connected to the input/output port I/O of the signal controller 4, and when the input/output port I/O of the signal controller 4 outputs a high level, the PWM controller IC1 is started to start the whole power conversion circuit 1 to charge the capacitor, that is, the energy storage capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are charged. The PWM controller IC1 and auxiliary components R2, R1 and C1 thereof form an oscillating circuit of the PWM controller, the resistor R1 is a discharge resistor, the C1 is a timing capacitor, when the PWM controller IC1 performs timing discharge adjustment, two paths of square wave pulses with the frequency of 50kHz are output, the width of the pulses is controlled by the voltage on an output end E/AOUT (ninth pin) of an error amplifier in the PWM controller IC1, the field effect tube Q2 and the boost transformer T1 form a push-pull conversion circuit, a 24V alternating current power supply is converted into square wave pulses with the frequency of 50kHz, the square wave pulses with the amplitude of 400V and the frequency of 50kHz are applied to the primary side of the boost transformer T1, and therefore, the capacitance value of the C3 and the capacitance C4 is not lower than mu F and the withstand voltage value is not lower than 450V. The diode D1, the diode D2, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 form a voltage doubling rectifying circuit, output pulses at the secondary side of the step-up transformer T1 are rectified and then are charged to the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4, a series equivalent capacitor formed by the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 is used as an energy storage capacitor, voltage feedback of the capacitor C3 is input to a voltage dividing circuit formed by the resistor R3 and the adjustable resistor R4 and used for detecting voltages at two ends of the energy storage capacitor, the voltage feedback is fed to an inverting error input end INV (first pin) of an error amplifier in the PWM controller IC1, when the output voltage (output voltage of the capacitor C3) of the energy storage capacitor is increased, the voltage of an inverting error input end INV of an error of the PWM controller IC1 is increased, the width of the output pulses is reduced, and the output voltage is reduced; the charging value of the energy storage capacitor can be changed by adjusting the adjustable resistor R4, so that the reverse phase input end INV (first pin) of the error amplifier in the PWM controller IC1 is kept equal to the reference voltage of 5.1V, and the in-phase input end NI (second pin) of the error amplifier in the PWM controller IC1 is connected with the reference end VREF (sixteenth pin); the internal error amplifier of the PWM controller IC1 compares the voltages at the non-inverting input end NI (the second pin) and the inverting input end INV (the first pin) of the internal error amplifier of the PWM controller IC1, and changes the voltage at the output end E/AOUT (the third pin) of the internal error amplifier of the PWM controller IC1 according to the potential difference between the voltages, when the output pulse amplitude of the isolated conversion circuit 3 is larger than a set value, the width of the output pulse of the PWM controller IC1 is narrowed, and the output voltage is reduced, otherwise, when the output pulse amplitude of the isolated conversion circuit 3 is smaller than the set value, the width of the output pulse of the PWM controller IC1 is widened, and the output voltage is increased, so that the whole isolated irreversible electroporator circuit forms a closed-loop negative feedback to ensure the stability of the output pulse amplitude; the resistor R5 is a current detection resistor with a resistance value of 20mΩ, converts source currents of the field-effect transistor Q1 and the field-effect transistor Q2 into voltages, and sends the voltages to an external off signal input terminal SD (tenth pin) of the PWM controller IC1 to limit the maximum charging current. When the voltage across the resistor R5 reaches 1V, the PWM controller IC1 immediately turns off the fet Q1, the fet Q2 until the next duty cycle starts.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the isolated conversion circuit 3 includes a high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2, a first digital isolation driver IC3, a second digital isolation driver IC4, a first power amplifier QA, a second power amplifier QB, a third power amplifier QC, a fourth power amplifier QD, an isolation transformer T2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, an inductor L1, and a capacitor C6, the acquisition output unit 6 includes a resistor R6, a current sensor T3, and an adjustable resistor R7, the enable terminal EN1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3, the enable terminal EN2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4 are respectively connected to the input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4, the first output control terminal OUTA1 of the high-speed modulation controller IC2 is connected to the first input terminal VIA1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3, the second input terminal IB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4, and the second output control terminal IB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC2 is connected to the second input terminal VIB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC 2; the drain electrode of the first power amplifier QA and the drain electrode of the third power amplifier QC are connected with the output end of the energy storage circuit 2, the grid electrode of the first power amplifier QA is connected with the first driving output end VOA1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3, the source electrode of the first power amplifier QA is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the second power amplifier QB is connected with the second driving output end VOB1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3, the source electrode of the second power amplifier QB is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the third power amplifier QC is connected with the first driving output end VOA2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4, the grid electrode of the fourth power amplifier QD is connected with the second driving output end VOB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4, the source electrode of the fourth power amplifier QD is connected with the ground, the source electrode of the first power amplifier QA and the drain electrode of the second power amplifier QB are connected with a tap of the primary side of the isolator T2, the source electrode of the third power amplifier QC and the drain electrode of the fourth power amplifier QD are connected with the other tap of the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, one tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D5, the other tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D4 and the cathode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D4 are respectively connected with one end of the inductor L1, one end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6, the positive electrode of the capacitor C6 and the positive electrode of the electrode 5, the negative electrode of the electrode 5 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D5, the anode of the diode D6, the negative electrode of the capacitor C6 and one tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3, the other tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R6, one tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 is respectively connected with one end of the adjustable resistor R7, the center tap of the adjustable resistor R7 and the inverted error input end INV of the PWM controller IC1, and the other tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 and the other end of the adjustable resistor R7 are respectively connected with the ground.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, the PWM controller IC1 outputs a high level or a low level respectively at the first complementary output terminal OUTA and the second complementary output terminal OUTB of the PWM controller IC1 according to the control command of the output pulse, and when the high level is output, the corresponding field-effect transistor Q1 and the field-effect transistor Q2 are turned on, and when the low level is output, the field-effect transistor Q1 and the field-effect transistor Q2 are turned on and turned off correspondingly. When the field effect tube Q1 and the field effect tube Q2 are conducted, 24V alternating voltage is formed by a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4 to form a voltage doubling rectifying circuit, then the output voltage is sent to the drain electrode of the first power amplifier QA and the drain electrode of the third power amplifier QC in the isolated conversion circuit 3, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 adopt polypropylene film capacitors, the capacitance value is not less than 2200 mu F, the withstand voltage value is not less than 450V, the capacitor has good temperature stability, the reliable operation of the capacitor is ensured, the noninductive characteristic is ensured, and the capacitor can bear very high peak-to-peak current and high-frequency effective value current. The input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4 simultaneously performs current amplification on pulses output by the first output control terminal OUTA1 and the second output control terminal OUTB2 of the high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2 by controlling the enable terminal EN1 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 enable terminal EN2 of the first digital isolation driver IC3, when the input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4 outputs a high level, the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 operate, and at this time, the first drive output terminal VOA2 and the second drive output terminal VOB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4 simultaneously perform current amplification on pulses output by the first output control terminal OUTA1 and the second output control terminal OUTB2 of the high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2, and accordingly, currents (or voltages) output by the first drive output terminal VOA1 and the second drive output terminal VOB1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3 are equal to currents or voltages output by the first input terminal VIA1 and the second input terminal VIB1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second input terminal VIB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4 are equal to currents or voltages output by the second input terminal VIB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC 4; when the input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4 outputs a low level, the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 stop operating, so that the duration (pulse width) of the high level output by the input/output control port I/O of the signal controller 4 is the width of the output pulse train, as shown in fig. 5, the waveform is output to the signal controller 4, and the amplitude of the pulse on the application electrode 5 is controlled by setting the width of the output pulse train of the signal controller 4.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 are digital isolation driver Si82390 chips, the high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2 is a UC3825 control chip, and the signal controller 4 performs independent input control on the two isolation drivers to output an isolation driving signal, which is particularly suitable for driving power MOSFETs and IGBT power transistors supporting up to 5 kVrms. The invention has high common mode transient suppression capability reaching 100 kV/mu s, low propagation delay time of 30ns, reduced temperature, aging and component-to-component variation, and output UVLO fault detection and feedback can automatically close two drivers, so that the high reliability can be realized, the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 also adopt three independent direct current power supplies, one is +5V, the other two is +15V, and the power supply ends of the three independent power supplies are respectively connected with a filter capacitor C2_1, a filter capacitor C2_2, a filter capacitor C2_3, a filter capacitor C2_4, a filter capacitor C2_5 and a filter capacitor C2_6, wherein the filter capacitors are tantalum capacitors and are used for eliminating interference caused by voltage transient, so that the high-voltage transient suppression device can output 3kV unidirectional square wave pulses, the rise time and the fall time of the pulses are less than 1 mu s, the pulse width is 100 mu s, and the pulse current peak value can reach 50A.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the first power amplifier QA, the second power amplifier QB, the third power amplifier QC and the fourth power amplifier QD all use silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes or IGBT power tubes, the silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes are C2M0025120D power tubes, which can provide high-speed switching, the drain-source breakdown voltage of the silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes or IGBT power tubes is 1200V, the switching time is less than 0.1 μs, the on-resistance is 25mΩ, and the pulse current is up to 250A. The isolation transformer T2 has two functions: one function is to boost the primary voltage according to the turns ratio; another function is to achieve electrical isolation between the primary and secondary sides. The first output control end OUTA1 and the second output control end OUTB2 of the high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2 output two paths of PWM signals with 180 ° phase difference, and are simultaneously sent to the first input end VIA1 and the second input end VIB1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the first input end VIA2 and the second input end VIB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4 to perform current amplification and level conversion; the specific connection mode is to connect the first input terminal VIA1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3 with the second input terminal VIB2 of the second digital isolation driver IC4, and connect the second input terminal VIB1 of the first digital isolation driver IC3 with the first input terminal VIA2 of the second digital isolation driver IC 4; the first digital isolation driver IC3 forms a half bridge with the drain of the first power amplifier QA and the second power amplifier QB, and the second digital isolation driver IC4 forms another half bridge with the third power amplifier QC and the fourth power amplifier QD. The two-way pulse output by the high-speed pulse width modulation controller IC2 is amplified and level-converted by the first digital isolation driver IC3 and the second digital isolation driver IC4 and then respectively drives the switching tubes (namely, the first power amplifier QA, the second power amplifier QB, the third power amplifier QC and the fourth power amplifier QD are conducted or cut off), so that the first power amplifier QA and the fourth power amplifier QD are conducted simultaneously, and the second power amplifier QB and the third power amplifier QC are conducted simultaneously. When the first power amplifier QA and the fourth power amplifier QD are conducted, the primary side of the isolation transformer T2 is added with positive voltage (+ Vi), namely the homonymous terminal is positive; when the second power amplifier QB and the third power amplifier QC are conducted, the primary side of the isolation transformer T2 is added with negative voltage (-Vi), namely the same name end is negative, so that alternating square waves are applied to the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, alternating square waves are inducted and output on the secondary side according to the turns ratio, rectification is carried out through the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5 and the diode D6, then the direct current voltage Vo is output after filtering through the inductor L1 and the capacitor C6, and the output direct current voltage Vo is directly applied to target tissues through the treatment electrode 5.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the resistor R6 is used to detect the amplitude of the output voltage, according to ohm's law, the current flowing through R6 is proportional to the output voltage, the secondary side current of the current transformer T3 is proportional to the primary side current, and the primary side current of the current transformer T3 is proportional to the secondary side output voltage, so that the voltage Vs generated by the secondary side current of the current transformer T3 on the resistor R7 is proportional to the output dc voltage Vo, and the voltage Vs is sent to the inverting input end INV (first pin) of the error amplifier inside the PWM controller IC1, when the pulse amplitude of the output dc voltage Vo after the filtering of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C6 is greater than the set value, the width of the output pulse of the PWM controller IC1 is narrowed, and the output dc voltage Vo drops after the filtering of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C6. Conversely, when the pulse amplitude of the output dc voltage Vo after the filtering is smaller than the set value, the PWM controller IC1 widens the output pulse width, and the output dc voltage Vo after the filtering is performed by the inductor L1 and the capacitor C6 rises. Thus, the whole isolated irreversible electroporation instrument circuit forms a closed-loop negative feedback, and the stability of the output pulse amplitude is ensured. The pulse amplitude is adjusted by the following two steps: firstly, setting the charging voltage value of an energy storage capacitor by adjusting an adjustable resistor R4 in the graph 3 to be slightly higher than a required value; the adjustable resistor R7 in fig. 4 is then adjusted to adjust the regulated amplitude. The adjustable resistor R4 and the adjustable resistor R7 can be analog potentiometers or digital potentiometers.
The invention adopts the high-frequency electromagnetic irreversible isolation technology, firstly, the voltage in an energy storage capacitor is converted into high-frequency pulse with the pulse width of 1 mu s and the frequency of 450kHz, after the high-frequency pulse is transformed by a pulse isolation transformer T2, the high-frequency pulse with the maximum amplitude of 3kV and the frequency of 900kHz is generated on a secondary winding of the high-frequency pulse, after the high-frequency pulse is rectified and filtered, 100 mu s square wave pulse is generated, the amplitude of an output pulse is controlled by pulse width modulation, and the output amplitude of the output pulse is about 1.5kV through the waveform output by the isolation transformer T2 after the modulation of an isolation type conversion circuit, and the amplitude of the output pulse is stabilized at a set value by utilizing an isolation type negative feedback network, so that the boundary of an ablation zone is ensured to be effectively controlled, the reliability of instrument equipment is improved, and the requirement on the capacity of the energy storage capacitor is reduced; the invention can obtain the required square wave pulse by controlling the isolated conversion circuit 3, the amplitude of the pulse determines the electric field intensity formed by the pulse in tumor tissues, the electric field intensity determines the ablation range and the ablation effect, the electric field intensity is too low to reach the electric field intensity for forming irreversible electroporation, and the normal tissues can be damaged due to the too high electric field intensity. The main control parameters include: one is the start-up and shut-down of the isolated switching circuit 3, i.e. the output pulse width; secondly, the number of pulses is the number of times, when treatment starts, firstly, an operator determines the distance between the output electrodes 5 according to the volume of ablated tissue to determine the amplitude (1.5 kV/cm) of the output electric pulses, the field intensity E=V/L of the positive and negative poles of the electrodes 5 is added after filtering, V is the voltage between the positive and negative poles of the electrodes 5, the distance L between the positive and negative poles of the electrodes 5 is closer, the field intensity is stronger, if the maximum amplitude is 3kV at the secondary winding of the electrodes after the electrodes are transformed by the pulse isolation transformer T2, the distance L between the positive and negative poles of the electrodes 5 is 2cm, the electric field intensity of 1.5kV/cm can be generated, the irreversible electroporation technical requirement is met, and fig. 7 is an output waveform diagram on the electrodes 5, namely the pulse amplitude of electroporation, so that the output electric field intensity is above the irreversible electroporation threshold value (1.5 kV/cm), and secondly, the parameters such as the amplitude, the pulse width, the pulse number, the pulse time interval and the like are set by the signal controller 4; finally, according to the set value of the output pulse amplitude, as shown in fig. 5, the charging voltage of the charging source of the energy storage capacitor and the output amplitude of the isolated high-frequency converter are set by the signal controller 4, respectively.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The isolated square wave irreversible electroporation instrument is characterized by comprising a power supply conversion circuit (1), an energy storage circuit (2), an isolated conversion circuit (3), a signal controller (4), an electrode (5), an acquisition output unit (6) and a power supply (7), wherein the output end of the power supply (7) is connected with the power supply conversion circuit (1), the power supply conversion circuit (1) is sequentially connected with the signal input end of the isolated conversion circuit (3) through the energy storage circuit (2), the output end of the isolated conversion circuit (3) is respectively connected with the anode of the electrode (5) and the input end of the acquisition output unit (6), the output end of the acquisition output unit (6) is connected with the regulation input end of the isolated conversion circuit (3), the signal controller (4) is respectively connected with the control input end of the power supply conversion circuit (1) and the control input end of the isolated conversion circuit (3), and the voltage output end of the energy storage circuit (2) is also connected with the regulation input end of the power supply conversion circuit (1). The isolated conversion circuit (3) comprises an isolated transformer T2, alternating square waves are applied to the primary side of the isolated transformer T2, alternating square waves are output in an induction mode according to the turns ratio on the secondary side, and the alternating square waves are rectified and filtered to output direct-current voltage Vo, and the output direct-current voltage Vo is directly applied to target tissues through the treatment electrode (5).
2. The isolated square wave irreversible electroporation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply conversion circuit (1) comprises a pulse width modulation circuit (100), a boost circuit (101), a filter circuit (102) and a rectification circuit (103), a signal output end of the pulse width modulation circuit (100) is connected with a control end of the boost circuit (101), a pass filter circuit (102) of the boost circuit (101) is connected with an input end of the rectification circuit (103), the power supply (7) is further connected with the boost circuit (101) and the input end of the filter circuit (102) respectively, an output end of the rectification circuit (103) is connected with an energy storage circuit (2), an output end of the energy storage circuit (2) is connected with an anode of the electrode (5) through the isolated conversion circuit (3), an output end of the energy storage circuit (2) is further connected with a regulation input end of the pulse width modulation circuit (100), and an output end of the isolated conversion circuit (3) is connected with an input end of the isolated conversion circuit (3) through an output end of the output unit (6).
3. An isolated square wave irreversible electroporator according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulse width modulation circuit (100) comprises a PWM controller (IC 1), a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an adjustable resistor R4, a resistor R5, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, the boost circuit (101) comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2 and a boost transformer T1, the tank circuit (2) comprises a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4, the rectifying circuit (102) comprises a diode D1 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with an oscillating discharge output terminal (DIS) of the PWM controller (IC 1), one end of the resistor R2 is connected with an oscillating timing resistor input terminal (RT) of the PWM controller (IC 1), one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with an oscillating timing capacitor input terminal (CT) of the PWM controller (IC 1), the other end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 and the other end of the capacitor C1 are all connected with ground, one end of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with a first end of the drain terminal (Q1) of the PWM controller (IC 1), the other end of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with a complementary end of the PWM controller (Q1) of the drain terminal (Q1) is connected with the first end of the PWM controller (Q1), the source electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is respectively connected with an external turn-off signal input end (SD) of the PWM controller (IC 1), one end of a resistor R5 and the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the ground, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 is connected with the other end of a primary side tap of a boost transformer T1, the center tap of the boost transformer T1 is respectively connected with the input end of a power supply (7) and a filter circuit (103), one end of a secondary side tap of the boost transformer T1 is respectively connected with the anode of a diode D1 and the cathode of a diode D2, the other end of the secondary side tap of the boost transformer T1 is respectively connected with the cathode of a capacitor C3 and the anode of a capacitor C4, the anode of the capacitor C3 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D1 and the signal input end of an isolated conversion circuit (3), the conversion output end of the isolated conversion circuit (3) is fed back and input to the regulating input end of the isolated conversion circuit (7) through an acquisition output unit (6), and the other end of the boost transformer T1 is connected with the input end of the PWM controller (SS) and the input/output signal (I/O) of the capacitor (SS) is connected with the controller (I/O4).
4. An isolated square wave irreversible electroporation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the power source (7) is an alternating voltage of 0-36V, and the frequency is 30-100 kHz.
5. A high-frequency irreversible electroporation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said PWM controller (IC 1) outputs a square wave pulse signal with a frequency of 50kHz, said PWM controller (IC 1) employs a SG3525 chip, and said field effect transistor Q1 and field effect transistor Q2 employ IRF540 as switching transistors.
6. An isolated square wave irreversible electroporator according to claim 3, wherein the capacitance of said capacitor C3, C4 is not lower than 2200 μf and the withstand voltage is not lower than 450V.
7. An isolated square wave irreversible electroporator according to claim 3, characterized in that the isolated transforming circuit (3) comprises a high-speed pulse width modulation controller (IC 2), a first digital isolation driver (IC 3), a second digital isolation driver (IC 4), a first power amplifier (QA), a second power amplifier (QB), a third power amplifier (QC), a fourth power amplifier (QD), an isolation transformer T2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, an inductance L1 and a capacitance C6, the acquisition output unit (6) comprises a resistor R6, a current sensing T3 and an adjustable resistor R7, the enabling terminal (EN 1) of the first digital isolation driver (IC 3), the enabling terminal (EN 2) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 4) are connected to the input/output control port (I/O) of the signal controller (4), respectively, the first output terminal (OUTA) of the high-speed modulation controller (IC 2) is connected to the first output terminal (OUTA) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 2) of the first digital isolation driver (IC 2), the second output terminal (OUTA 2) of the second digital isolation driver (OUTA 2) of the first digital isolation driver (IC 2) is connected to the input/output control port (VIB 2) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 2) of the second digital isolation driver (2) of the first output driver (OUTA 1) of the output driver (OUTA 2) of the output driver (OUTA 3) of the output driver, A first input (VIA 2) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 4) is connected; the drain electrode of the first power amplifier (QA), the drain electrode of the third power amplifier (QC) are connected with the output end of the energy storage circuit (2), the grid electrode of the first power amplifier (QA) is connected with the first driving output end (VOA 1) of the first digital isolation driver (IC 3), the source electrode of the first power amplifier (QA) is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the second power amplifier (QB) is connected with the second driving output end (VOB 1) of the first digital isolation driver (IC 3), the source electrode of the second power amplifier (QB) is connected with the ground, the grid electrode of the third power amplifier (QC) is connected with the first driving output end (VOA 2) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 4), the grid electrode of the fourth power amplifier (QD) is connected with the second driving output end (VOB 2) of the second digital isolation driver (IC 4), the source electrode of the fourth power amplifier (QD) is connected with the ground, the source electrode of the first power amplifier (QA) and the drain electrode of the second power amplifier (QB) are connected with one tap of the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, the source electrode of the third power amplifier (QC) and the drain electrode of the fourth power amplifier (QD) are connected with the other tap of the primary side of the isolation transformer T2, one tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D5, the other tap of the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 is connected with the anode of the diode D4 and the cathode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L1, one end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R6, the anode of the capacitor C6 and the anode of the electrode (5), the cathode of the electrode (5) is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D5, the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the capacitor C6 and one tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3, the other tap of the primary side of the current sensor T3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R6, one tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 is respectively connected with one end of the adjustable resistor R7, the center tap of the adjustable resistor R7 and the inverting error input end (INV) of the PWM controller (IC 1), and the other tap of the secondary side of the current sensor T3 and the other end of the adjustable resistor R7 are respectively connected with the ground.
8. The isolated square wave irreversible electroporator according to claim 7, wherein said first digital isolation driver (IC 3), said second digital isolation driver (IC 4) are Si82390 chips, said high speed pulse width modulation controller (IC 2) is a UC3825 control chip, said first power amplifier (QA), said second power amplifier (QB), said third power amplifier (QC), said fourth power amplifier (QD) are silicon carbide power MOSFET transistors or IGBT power transistors having a breakdown voltage of 1200V.
9. An isolated square wave irreversible electroporator according to claim 8 wherein said silicon carbide power MOSFET tubes are C2M0025120D power tubes.
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| CN112386800B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-10-24 | 上海健康医学院 | Inverse defibrillation pulse generator |
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