CN106385925A - Nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing Hg content of rice grains in heavy mercury pollution type rice field - Google Patents
Nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing Hg content of rice grains in heavy mercury pollution type rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106385925A CN106385925A CN201610810737.9A CN201610810737A CN106385925A CN 106385925 A CN106385925 A CN 106385925A CN 201610810737 A CN201610810737 A CN 201610810737A CN 106385925 A CN106385925 A CN 106385925A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing the Hg content of rice grains in a heavy mercury pollution type rice field and belongs to the technical field of the heavy metal pollution prevention technology for agricultural products. The method is characterized in that, in a heavy mercury pollution type rice field (the Hg content of the soil in the rice field is 2mg/kg and is four times the concentration specified in a national standard), the total nitrogen application amount is 225 kg/hm2 (the nitrogen application level is counted in the content of pure nitrogen) and is applied in three steps. Firstly, a base fertilizer is applied three days before the transplantation of rice seedlings, and the nitrogen application amount of the base fertilizer is one half the total nitrogen application amount. Secondly, a tillering fertilizer is applied 30 days after the transplantation of rice seedlings and the nitrogen application amount of the tillering fertilizer is one fourth the total nitrogen application amount. Thirdly, a granulated fertilizer is applied 5 days before the head sprouting of rice seedlings and the nitrogen application amount of the granulated fertilizer is one fourth the total nitrogen application amount. Compared with the high nitrogen application level and the nitrogen level applied in two steps in the prior art, by adopting the above application effect of the nitrogen fertilizer, the Hg content of rice grains is greatly reduced (the Hg content of nonglutinous rice is reduced by 56.76% and the Hg content of japonica rice is reduced by 51.72%). However, the yield of rice is not significantly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice grain mercury content in severe mercury pollution rice field, belongs to agricultural production
Product Heavy Metal Pollution technology.
Background technology
In Chinese industrial occupancy and developed area, with the increase of population, industrial expansion and agricultural chemicals
A large amount of uses, the heavy metal pollution of agricultural land soil is increasingly serious.According to investigations, the whole nation by heavy metal pollution farm land area about
There are 25,000,000 hectares, up to 12,000,000 tons of grain contaminated by heavy metals every year.Ministry of Agriculture's environment monitoring system to national 24 provinces,
82,230,000 mu of severe contamination area of 320, city land investigation finds, agricultural products farmland pollution exceeded area in land for growing field crops accounts for polluting agriculture
The 20% of field area, wherein 80% soil and crop pollution are exceeded to be due to heavy metal pollution.
China is one of with serious pollution country of hydrargyrum (Hg) in the world, especially industry prosperity, densely populated city and
Surrounding area.According to statistics, China every year produce pollution environment Hg reach 1.9 × 108Kg, the cultivated area being polluted by Hg has 3.2
×104hm2, problem is extremely serious.It was found that in some areas of southern Jiangsu, soil Hg damage ratio is more serious, topsoil Hg content
Reach more than 10 times of background value, and vertical section distribution is substantially, illustrates that the input of pollutant in process of industrialization is soil
The leading factor of Hg accumulation.Dirty to the whole province's Heavy Metal in Vegetable Farm Soil according to agricultural product quality supervision and inspection center of Jiangsu Province
Dye situation is sampled detecting, southern area of Jiangsu Province vegetable field heavy metal pollution situation is more serious.According to China's non-polluted farm product and
Pollution-free food certification work emphasis monitoring 5 heavy metal species, have 54.8% vegetable field comprehensive pollution indexes be more than 1, and Hg and
The share rate of cadmium is higher.In 6 non-polluted farm products that Jiangsu Province in 2006 is cancelled, 4 are had to be because that soil Hg content surpasses
Caused by mark.
Hydrargyrum is the environmental contaminants that on the earth, effect on environment is big, have serious toxicity to biology.What is more important, Hg and
Its compound either aerobic still under anaerobic, can effect through microorganism, be transformed into the higher first of toxicity
Base hydrargyrum or dimethylmercury.The organic compound of Hg has serious neurotoxicity, will produce after amplifying through biological concentration and food chain
The more serious consequence of life.Since " minamata disease " event of Japan in 1956, the natural environment being polluted by Hg is sent out to the mankind
The warning going out is continuously increased, and Hg is in soil -- and the transmission speed in botanical system and terrestrial food chain is constantly accelerated, and Hg pollution is asked
Topic causes extensive concern and the attention of people.Hg by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO),
International food and agricultural organization (FAO) and much national government are classified as the environmental contaminants of priority acccess control.Therefore, Hg Soil-crops-
Movement in human system and accumulation are paid high attention to.
In Soil Mercury Pollution area, the mercury content in rice grain not only can be subject to Soil Mercury Pollution situation and rice varieties
Impact, also suffer from the impact of cultivation technique.During paddy growth, the agronomic measures such as fertilising, water management can change
The physics and chemistry situation of soil and the upgrowth situation of Oryza sativa L., thus existence and the effectiveness to plant of mercury in soils can be changed,
Impact Oryza sativa L. is to the absorption of hydrargyrum and distribution.Different rice field amount of nitrogens and application process to absorption in rice plant for the hydrargyrum and are moved
Move and have different impacts.But in terms of the impact to rice grain mercury content of the fertilizing standards with regard to nitrogenous fertilizer and Dressing date, also
Lack very much research.
The present invention, on the basis of applicant studies for many years, discloses rice grain in a kind of reduction severe mercury pollution rice field
The nitrogen fertilizer applying method of mercury content, can be greatly lowered the mercury content of rice grain, and rice yield is not decreased obviously.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is：Rice grain mercury content in a kind of reduction severe mercury pollution rice field is provided
Nitrogen fertilizer applying method, the mercury content of in severe mercury pollution rice field rice grain can be greatly lowered, and rice yield not have
It is decreased obviously.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Oryza sativa L. seed in a kind of reduction severe mercury pollution rice field
The nitrogen fertilizer applying method of grain mercury content, is characterized in that：In severe mercury pollution rice field, (soil Hg concentration is 2mg/kg, reaches state
4 times of family's limit standard), total amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm2(middle nitrogen amount applied, in terms of pure N), applies, in three times respectively in water
Rice transplants seedlings the 1/2 of the total amount of nitrogen of first 3 days (base manure) Shi, and after transplanting seedlings, 30 days (tillering fertilizer), each Shi of first 5 days of heading (granulated fertilizer) always apply
The 1/4 of nitrogen quantity.
First rice field is filled pellicular water (about 3cm) before applying nitrogen, nitrogenous fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field, allows water layer naturally to fall dry
Pour water again afterwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：After severe mercury pollution area in rice field is implemented, rice grain can be greatly lowered
Mercury content, rice yield is not decreased obviously.Apply with conventional high level in Oryza sativa L. actual production, the nitrogenous fertilizer applied in two times
With method, (total amount of nitrogen is 300kg/hm2, the 1/2 of the total amount of nitrogen of each Shi of base manure, tillering fertilizer) compare, the mercury content of rice grain
Fall big (long-grained nonglutinous rice declines 56.76%, and japonica rice declines 51.72%), and rice yield is not decreased obviously that (long-grained nonglutinous rice only declines
2.62%, japonica rice only declines 3.10%).In rice field severe mercury pollution area, (soil Hg concentration is 2mg/kg, reaches country's restriction
4 times of standard), by the enforcement of this application art solutions, the mercury content of rice grain can be made significantly to decline, can be by
The mercury content of rice grain controls in state health standards limit value (0.02mg/kg, GB2762-2012) below, can eliminate water
The threat to health for the rice mercury pollution.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice grain mercury content in severe mercury pollution rice field, in whole water
In the rice production cycle, total amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm2(middle nitrogen amount applied, in terms of pure N), converts into every mu of 15kg.Divide 3 administrations,
Respectively before Oryza sativa L. is transplanted seedlings the total amount of nitrogen of 3 days (base manure) Shi 1/2,30 days (tillering fertilizer), first 5 days (granulated fertilizer) of heading after transplanting seedlings
The 1/4 of the total amount of nitrogen of each Shi.Because the leaded wastewater of different nitrogen fertilizers is variant, applying will be according to concrete fertilizer variety containing N during nitrogen
Gauge calculates concrete dose.
First rice field is filled pellicular water (about 3cm) before applying nitrogen, nitrogenous fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field, allows water layer naturally to fall dry
Pour water again afterwards, water layer must not draining before falling to doing.
Prove that the present embodiment can be greatly lowered severe mercury pollution rice field Zhong Shui further below by the mode of list
The mercury content of rice seed, and rice yield is not decreased obviously.In table, data is to be 2mg/kg, reach country in soil Hg content
Obtain under the conditions of 4 times (serious pollution degree) of limit standard, other control measures are carried out by Rice Production routine.
Under the difference N application method of table 1 rice field, rice grain mercury content compares (unit：mg/kg)
Note：Rice field N-application time code
A：As base manure one-time use.
B：Apply in two times, before Oryza sativa L. is transplanted seedlings, 3 days (base manure) and latter 30 days (tillering fertilizer) each Shi that transplants seedlings always apply nitrogen respectively
The 1/2 of amount.
C：Apply fertilizer in three times, that is, respectively before Oryza sativa L. is transplanted seedlings the total amount of nitrogen of 3 days (base manure) Shi 1/2,30 days after transplanting seedlings
(tillering fertilizer), the 1/4 of the total amount of nitrogen of each Shi of first 5 days of heading (granulated fertilizer).
The rice yield that table 2 rice field difference is applied under nitrogen method compares (unit：kg/hm2)
In terms of nitrogen amount applied and N-application time two, Tables 1 and 2 is analyzed visible：
(1) analyze from nitrogen amount applied
Under different nitrogen amount applied, the mercury content of rice grain and rice yield have different changes.With regard to rice grain
Mercury content for, the mercury content highest of rice grain under high nitrogen amount applied, the Oryza sativa L. seed of middle nitrogen amount applied and low nitrogen amount applied
Grain mercury content is suitable；For rice yield, the order under different nitrogen amount applied is：High nitrogen amount applied>Middle nitrogen amount applied>Low
Nitrogen amount applied, but between high nitrogen amount applied and middle nitrogen amount applied, differential magnitude is little, and difference between middle nitrogen amount applied and low nitrogen amount applied
Amplitude is big.
(2) analyze from N-application time
In different N-application time, the order of rice grain mercury content is：Apply nitrogen in two times>Disposably apply nitrogen>Divide three
Secondary apply nitrogen.And, apply the rice yield also highest of nitrogen in three times.
The impact to rice grain mercury content and rice yield of comprehensive nitrogen amount applied and N-application time, applies nitrogen water in selection
N application method that is flat, applying in three times, can be greatly lowered the mercury content of rice grain, rice yield also substantially under
Fall.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method reducing rice grain mercury content in severe mercury pollution rice field, is characterized in that：In severe hydrargyrum
In pollution rice field (soil Hg concentration is 2mg/kg, reaches 4 times of national limit standard), total amount of nitrogen is 225kg/hm2(in apply
Nitrogen level, in terms of pure N), apply in three times, respectively before Oryza sativa L. is transplanted seedlings the total amount of nitrogen of 3 days (base manure) Shi 1/2, transplant seedlings after 30
My god the total amount of nitrogen of (tillering fertilizer) Shi 1/4, the 1/4 of the total amount of nitrogen of first 5 days (granulated fertilizer) Shi of heading.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610810737.9A CN106385925A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing Hg content of rice grains in heavy mercury pollution type rice field |
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| CN201610810737.9A CN106385925A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing Hg content of rice grains in heavy mercury pollution type rice field |
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| CN201610810737.9A Pending CN106385925A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Nitrogen fertilizer applying method for reducing Hg content of rice grains in heavy mercury pollution type rice field |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2683637C1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-03-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный научный центр "Владикавказский научный центр Российской академии наук" (ВНЦ РАН) | Method for reducing mercury content in ecosystems |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080071130A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2008-03-20 | Hideo Tamura | Method Of Cleaning Heavy Metals-Containing Soil |
| CN102356739A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-02-22 | 长沙三元农业科技有限公司 | Method for reducing pollution caused by heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in paddy rice |
| CN103548631A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method for reducing mercury content in rice |
| CN104082341A (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-10-08 | 柏连阳 | Leaf surface spraying agent for soil heavy metal treatment and preparation method for leaf surface spraying agent |
| CN105085004A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Compound fertilizer for mercury contaminated soil and preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| CN105458000A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for remediating mercury-contaminated soil by combining byproduct ammonium thiosulfate with calendula officinalis |
-
2016
- 2016-09-08 CN CN201610810737.9A patent/CN106385925A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080071130A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2008-03-20 | Hideo Tamura | Method Of Cleaning Heavy Metals-Containing Soil |
| CN102356739A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-02-22 | 长沙三元农业科技有限公司 | Method for reducing pollution caused by heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in paddy rice |
| CN103548631A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method for reducing mercury content in rice |
| CN104082341A (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-10-08 | 柏连阳 | Leaf surface spraying agent for soil heavy metal treatment and preparation method for leaf surface spraying agent |
| CN105085004A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Compound fertilizer for mercury contaminated soil and preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| CN105458000A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | Method for remediating mercury-contaminated soil by combining byproduct ammonium thiosulfate with calendula officinalis |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2683637C1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-03-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный научный центр "Владикавказский научный центр Российской академии наук" (ВНЦ РАН) | Method for reducing mercury content in ecosystems |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |