CN106384876B

CN106384876B - Broadband air medium antenna unit

Info

Publication number: CN106384876B
Application number: CN201611064250.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘培钦; 常乐; 张志军; 王绍东; 赵永志
Original assignee: Tsinghua University; CETC 13 Research Institute
Current assignee: Tsinghua University; CETC 13 Research Institute
Priority date: 2016-11-28
Filing date: 2016-11-28
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-28
Also published as: CN106384876A

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband air medium antenna unit, which relates to the technical field of millimeter wave antennas, and comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate, wherein the first substrate and the third substrate are silicon substrates, the second substrate is a high-resistance silicon substrate, a first radiation groove and a second radiation groove are formed in the first substrate, a probe groove is formed in the first substrate, metals are laid on the outer surfaces of the first substrate and the third substrate, a substrate integrated waveguide and a patch structure are arranged on the second substrate, a metal sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the patch structure, a coplanar waveguide feed circuit is carved on the upper surface of the second substrate, through holes are further formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate, metal is laid on the inner walls of the through holes, the first radiation groove and the second radiation groove are excited by the substrate integrated waveguide filled with air medium, and the substrate integrated waveguide is excited by the patch structure. The antenna unit has the characteristics of wide band, low loss, low profile and easy integration.

Description

Broadband air medium antenna unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave antennas.

Background

Millimeter wave refers to electromagnetic wave with frequency of 30GHz-300GHz and wavelength of 10mm-1 mm. The millimeter wave frequency band has the characteristics of short wavelength, wide frequency band and the like, so that the millimeter wave frequency band is widely applied to military fields and civil fields including millimeter wave radars, missile guidance, electronic countermeasure, millimeter wave communication, telemetry remote sensing, radio astronomy and the like. In particular, in the aspect of the guiding technology, the millimeter wave frequency band has higher frequency and certain photoelectric guiding characteristic at the same time of having the microwave guiding characteristic, so the millimeter wave guiding technology can combine the characteristics of strong penetrability of the microwave guiding technology, small volume and high angular resolution of the photoelectric guiding device and has very excellent guiding performance. One key technology in millimeter wave system design is the design of millimeter wave antennas. However, as the frequency increases, conventional antenna forms suffer from a number of problems in the millimeter wave band. For example, the patch antenna designed in the millimeter wave frequency band has larger loss and low antenna efficiency because most of energy is bound in the medium of the patch antenna, and meanwhile, the bandwidth of the patch antenna unit is narrower, so that the application range of the patch antenna is limited; although the reflector antenna has higher gain and efficiency, the size and the section of the antenna are large, and the requirements of miniaturization and easy integration of modern millimeter wave antennas are difficult to achieve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a broadband air medium antenna unit which has the characteristics of broadband, low loss, low profile and easy integration.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a broadband air medium antenna unit, this antenna unit includes the first substrate, second substrate and the third substrate of top-down arranging in proper order, the three substrate align from top to bottom, the cross-section of three substrate all be rectangular shape, first substrate and third substrate are the silicon substrate, the second substrate is high-resistance silicon substrate, open on first substrate has first radiation groove and the second radiation groove that is used for the radiation, still open on first substrate has the probe groove that is used for placing the feed probe, first radiation groove, second radiation groove and probe groove are penetrating cell body, have all laid metal in the surface optional position of first substrate and third substrate, be equipped with terminal short circuit's substrate integrated waveguide and paster structure on the second substrate, the upper surface of paster structure lays the sheetmetal, is carved with coplanar waveguide feed circuit on the second substrate upper surface, still is equipped with the through-hole on the second substrate, upper and lower surface and through-hole inner wall of second substrate have the metal, first radiation groove and second radiation groove are located the top of integrated waveguide, first radiation groove and second waveguide integrated slot are filled by the excitation medium.

Preferably, the thickness of the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate is 0.4mm.

Preferably, the long sides of the first substrate and the third substrate are 10.5mm, the wide side is 4.5mm, the long side of the first radiation groove is 3mm, the wide side is 1.3mm, the long side of the second radiation groove is 3mm, the wide side is 1mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove and the second radiation groove is 2.3mm.

Preferably, the long side of the substrate integrated waveguide is 4.55mm, the wide side is 2.868mm, the long side of the metal sheet is 0.6mm, the wide side is 0.5mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 0.15mm.

The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in: the antenna unit expands the working bandwidth by introducing the patch structure to excite the substrate integrated waveguide; most of the medium in the antenna is air, so that the loss of the antenna can be reduced; the antenna is formed by bonding metal-plated silicon substrates, so that the miniaturization and low profile of the antenna can be realized, and the antenna is easy to integrate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the three-layer substrate of the present invention after separation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a first substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a second substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a third substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a graph of reflection coefficient of the antenna element design according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a radiation pattern in two principal planes of reflection coefficient of the antenna element design at 60GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a first substrate, 2, a second substrate, 3, a third substrate, 4, a first radiation groove, 5, a second radiation groove, 6, a probe groove, 7, a coplanar waveguide feed circuit, 8, a substrate integrated waveguide, 9 and a patch structure.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description: as shown in fig. 1-5, the antenna unit comprises a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2 and a third substrate 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the three substrates are vertically aligned, the sections of the three substrates are rectangular, the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3 are silicon substrates, the second substrate 2 is a high-resistance silicon substrate, a first radiation groove 4 and a second radiation groove 5 for radiation are formed in the first substrate 1, a probe groove 6 for placing a feed probe is formed in the first substrate 1, the first radiation groove 4, the second radiation groove 5 and the probe groove 6 are through grooves, metals are respectively laid on any positions of the outer surfaces of the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3, a substrate integrated waveguide 8 and a patch structure 9 with terminal short circuits are arranged on the second substrate 2, a coplanar waveguide feed circuit 7 is engraved on the upper surface of the second substrate 2, a through hole is further formed in the second substrate 2, the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate 2 and the first substrate integrated waveguide 8 are respectively filled with the metal waveguide 8 and the patch structure 8, and the first waveguide 8 are respectively filled with the excitation waveguide 8 and the excitation waveguide 8.

The thickness of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 and the third substrate 3 was 0.4mm. The long sides of the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3 are 10.5mm, the wide side is 4.5mm, the long side of the first radiation groove 4 is 3mm, the wide side is 1.3mm, the long side of the second radiation groove 5 is 3mm, the wide side is 1mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove 4 and the second radiation groove 5 is 2.3mm. The long side of the substrate integrated waveguide 8 is 4.55mm, the wide side is 2.868mm, the long side of the metal sheet is 0.6mm, the wide side is 0.5mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 0.15mm.

When the antenna works, the coplanar waveguide feed circuit 7 excites the air medium filled substrate integrated waveguide 8 through the patch structure 9, and then the first radiation groove 4 and the second radiation groove 5 radiate energy outwards. The first radiation slot 4 and the second radiation slot 5 are excited by an air medium filled substrate integrated waveguide 8; the substrate integrated waveguide 8 is excited by the patch structure 9, expanding the bandwidth of the antenna.

The antenna unit excites the radiation groove to radiate energy outwards through the substrate integrated waveguide 8 which uses air as a medium, and the antenna unit excites the air medium substrate integrated waveguide 8 through introducing the patch structure 9 so as to expand the working bandwidth; in the aspect of reducing loss, most of the medium of the antenna unit uses air, so that the antenna achieves the effect of low loss; in terms of antenna size, the antenna is formed by bonding a metal-plated silicon substrate, and thus has the characteristics of low profile and easy integration.

Claims

1. A broadband air medium antenna unit, characterized by: the antenna unit comprises a first substrate (1), a second substrate (2) and a third substrate (3) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the three substrates are vertically aligned, the sections of the three substrates are rectangular, the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3) are silicon substrates, the second substrate (2) is a high-resistance silicon substrate, a first radiation groove (4) and a second radiation groove (5) for radiation are formed in the first substrate (1), a probe groove (6) for placing a feed probe is formed in the first substrate (1), the first radiation groove (4), the second radiation groove (5) and the probe groove (6) are transparent groove bodies, metals are respectively laid on any positions of the outer surfaces of the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3), a substrate integrated waveguide (8) and a patch structure (9) with terminal short circuits are arranged on the second substrate (2), a metal sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the patch structure (9), a coplanar waveguide (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a feed circuit (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a through hole (5) is further formed in the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a through hole (2) is formed in the upper surface of the second substrate, and the feed circuit (2) is further provided with a through hole, the projection of the patch structure (9) on the plane of the first radiation groove (4) is in the first radiation groove (4), the second radiation groove (5) is not covered on the patch structure (9), the first radiation groove (4) and the second radiation groove (5) are excited by an air medium filled substrate integrated waveguide (8), and the substrate integrated waveguide (8) is excited by the patch structure (9).

2. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the thicknesses of the first substrate (1), the second substrate (2) and the third substrate (3) are 0.4mm.

3. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the long side of the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3) is 10.5mm, the broadside is 4.5mm, the long side of the first radiation groove (4) is 3mm, the broadside is 1.3mm, the long side of the second radiation groove (5) is 3mm, the broadside is 1mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove (4) and the second radiation groove (5) is 2.3mm.

4. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the long side of the substrate integrated waveguide (8) is 4.55mm, the wide side is 2.868mm, the long side of the metal sheet is 0.6mm, the wide side is 0.5mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 0.15mm.