CN106384876B - Broadband air medium antenna unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband air medium antenna unit, which relates to the technical field of millimeter wave antennas, and comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate, wherein the first substrate and the third substrate are silicon substrates, the second substrate is a high-resistance silicon substrate, a first radiation groove and a second radiation groove are formed in the first substrate, a probe groove is formed in the first substrate, metals are laid on the outer surfaces of the first substrate and the third substrate, a substrate integrated waveguide and a patch structure are arranged on the second substrate, a metal sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the patch structure, a coplanar waveguide feed circuit is carved on the upper surface of the second substrate, through holes are further formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the second substrate, metal is laid on the inner walls of the through holes, the first radiation groove and the second radiation groove are excited by the substrate integrated waveguide filled with air medium, and the substrate integrated waveguide is excited by the patch structure. The antenna unit has the characteristics of wide band, low loss, low profile and easy integration.

Description

A Broadband Air Dielectric Antenna Unit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave antennas.

Background technique

Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 30GHz-300GHz and a wavelength of 10mm-1mm. Because the millimeter wave frequency band has the characteristics of short wavelength and wide frequency band, it is widely used in military and civilian fields including millimeter wave radar, missile guidance, electronic countermeasures, millimeter wave communication, telemetry and remote sensing, radio astronomy, etc. Especially in terms of guidance technology, because the frequency of the millimeter-wave frequency band is relatively high, it has certain photoelectric guidance characteristics as well as microwave guidance characteristics. The combination of the characteristics of small size and high angular resolution has very good guidance performance. A key technology in millimeter wave system design is the design of millimeter wave antennas. However, as the frequency increases, traditional antenna forms encounter many problems in the millimeter wave frequency band. For example, since most of the energy of the patch antenna designed in the millimeter wave band is bound in the medium of the patch antenna, the loss is large and the antenna efficiency is not high. At the same time, the bandwidth of the patch antenna unit is narrow, which limits The application range of the patch antenna; although the reflector antenna has high gain and efficiency, the antenna is large in size and high in profile, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of miniaturization and easy integration of modern millimeter-wave antennas.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a broadband air dielectric antenna unit, which has the characteristics of broadband, low loss, low profile and easy integration.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a broadband air dielectric antenna unit, the antenna unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the The three substrates are aligned up and down, the cross-sections of the three substrates are all rectangular, the first substrate and the third substrate are silicon substrates, and the second substrate is a high-resistance silicon substrate The first radiation slot and the second radiation slot for radiation are opened on the first substrate, and the probe slot for placing the feeding probe is also opened on the first substrate. The first radiation slot, the second radiation slot Both the radiation groove and the probe groove are transparent grooves, and metal is laid at any position on the outer surface of the first substrate and the third substrate, and the substrate integrated waveguide and patch with terminal short circuit are arranged on the second substrate structure, the upper surface of the patch structure is provided with a metal sheet, a coplanar waveguide feed circuit is engraved on the upper surface of the second substrate, and a through hole is also arranged on the second substrate, and the upper and lower surfaces of the second substrate Metal is laid on the inner wall of the through hole, the first radiation slot and the second radiation slot are located above the substrate integrated waveguide, and the first radiation slot and the second radiation slot are excited by the substrate integrated waveguide filled with air medium, so The substrate-integrated waveguides described above are excited by patch structures.

Preferably, the thickness of the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate is 0.4 mm.

Preferably, the long side of the first substrate and the third substrate is 10.5 mm, and the wide side is 4.5 mm, the long side of the first radiation groove is 3 mm, and the wide side is 1.3 mm, and the second radiation groove The long side of the groove is 3 mm, the wide side is 1 mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove and the second radiation groove is 2.3 mm.

Preferably, the substrate-integrated waveguide has a long side of 4.55 mm and a wide side of 2.868 mm, the metal sheet has a long side of 0.6 mm and a wide side of 0.5 mm, and the through hole has an aperture of 0.15 mm.

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above technical scheme are: the antenna unit expands the working bandwidth by introducing a patch structure to excite the substrate integrated waveguide; most of the medium in the antenna is air, which can reduce the loss of the antenna; the antenna is coated with metal The silicon substrate is bonded, which can realize the miniaturization and low profile of the antenna, and is easy to integrate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation after separating the three-layer substrate of the present invention;

3 is a schematic plan view of the first substrate of an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic plan view of a second substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic plan view of a third substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a coordinate diagram of the reflection coefficient of the antenna unit design under the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern in two main planes when the reflection coefficient of the antenna unit is designed at 60 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, 1. First substrate, 2. Second substrate, 3. Third substrate, 4. First radiation slot, 5. Second radiation slot, 6. Probe slot, 7. Coplanar waveguide feeding Circuit, 8. Substrate integrated waveguide, 9. SMD structure.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments: As shown in Figures 1-5, the antenna unit includes a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2 and a third substrate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Substrate 3, the three substrates are aligned up and down, the cross-sections of the three substrates are rectangular, the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3 are silicon substrates, the first The second substrate 2 is a high-resistance silicon substrate. On the first substrate 1, there are a first radiation slot 4 and a second radiation slot 5 for radiation. On the first substrate 1, there is also a feeding probe The probe groove 6 of the needle, the first radiation groove 4, the second radiation groove 5 and the probe groove 6 are all transparent grooves, at any position on the outer surface of the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3 Metal is laid, and a substrate integrated waveguide 8 and a chip structure 9 with short-circuit terminals are provided on the second substrate 2. The upper surface of the patch structure 9 is provided with a metal sheet, and the upper surface of the second substrate 2 is engraved There is a coplanar waveguide feeding circuit 7, and a through hole is also provided on the second substrate 2, the upper and lower surfaces of the second substrate 2 and the inner wall of the through hole are covered with metal, the first radiation groove 4 and the second The radiation slot 5 is located above the substrate integrated waveguide 8, the first radiation slot 4 and the second radiation slot 5 are excited by the substrate integrated waveguide 8 filled with air medium, and the substrate integrated waveguide 8 is excited by the patch structure 9 .

The thickness of the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 and the third substrate 3 is 0.4 mm. The long sides of the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 3 are 10.5 mm, and the wide sides are 4.5 mm. The long sides of the first radiation groove 4 are 3 mm, and the wide sides are 1.3 mm. The long side of the groove 5 is 3 mm, the wide side is 1 mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove 4 and the second radiation groove 5 is 2.3 mm. The long side of the substrate integrated waveguide 8 is 4.55 mm, and the wide side is 2.868 mm. The long side of the metal sheet is 0.6 mm, and the wide side is 0.5 mm. The aperture of the through hole is 0.15 mm.

When the antenna is working, the coplanar waveguide feeding circuit 7 excites the air medium to fill the substrate integrated waveguide 8 through the patch structure 9, and then radiates energy outwards from the first radiation slot 4 and the second radiation slot 5. The first radiation slot 4 and the second radiation slot 5 are excited by the substrate integrated waveguide 8 filled with air medium; the substrate integrated waveguide 8 is excited by the patch structure 9, which expands the bandwidth of the antenna.

The antenna unit uses air as the substrate integrated waveguide 8 as the medium to excite the radiation groove to radiate energy outwards, and the antenna unit expands the working bandwidth by introducing the patch structure 9 to excite the air dielectric substrate integrated waveguide 8; in terms of reducing loss, the Most of the medium of the antenna unit is air, which makes the antenna achieve low loss effect; in terms of antenna size, the antenna is formed by bonding metal-plated silicon substrates, so it has the characteristics of low profile and easy integration.

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above technical scheme are: the antenna unit expands the working bandwidth by introducing a patch structure to excite the substrate integrated waveguide; most of the medium in the antenna is air, which can reduce the loss of the antenna; the antenna is coated with metal The silicon substrate is bonded, which can realize the miniaturization and low profile of the antenna, and is easy to integrate.

Claims (4)

1. A broadband air medium antenna unit, characterized by: the antenna unit comprises a first substrate (1), a second substrate (2) and a third substrate (3) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the three substrates are vertically aligned, the sections of the three substrates are rectangular, the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3) are silicon substrates, the second substrate (2) is a high-resistance silicon substrate, a first radiation groove (4) and a second radiation groove (5) for radiation are formed in the first substrate (1), a probe groove (6) for placing a feed probe is formed in the first substrate (1), the first radiation groove (4), the second radiation groove (5) and the probe groove (6) are transparent groove bodies, metals are respectively laid on any positions of the outer surfaces of the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3), a substrate integrated waveguide (8) and a patch structure (9) with terminal short circuits are arranged on the second substrate (2), a metal sheet is arranged on the upper surface of the patch structure (9), a coplanar waveguide (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a feed circuit (7) is arranged on the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a through hole (5) is further formed in the upper surface of the second substrate (2), a through hole (2) is formed in the upper surface of the second substrate, and the feed circuit (2) is further provided with a through hole, the projection of the patch structure (9) on the plane of the first radiation groove (4) is in the first radiation groove (4), the second radiation groove (5) is not covered on the patch structure (9), the first radiation groove (4) and the second radiation groove (5) are excited by an air medium filled substrate integrated waveguide (8), and the substrate integrated waveguide (8) is excited by the patch structure (9).

2. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the thicknesses of the first substrate (1), the second substrate (2) and the third substrate (3) are 0.4mm.

3. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the long side of the first substrate (1) and the third substrate (3) is 10.5mm, the broadside is 4.5mm, the long side of the first radiation groove (4) is 3mm, the broadside is 1.3mm, the long side of the second radiation groove (5) is 3mm, the broadside is 1mm, and the distance between the adjacent sides of the first radiation groove (4) and the second radiation groove (5) is 2.3mm.

4. A broadband air medium antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the long side of the substrate integrated waveguide (8) is 4.55mm, the wide side is 2.868mm, the long side of the metal sheet is 0.6mm, the wide side is 0.5mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 0.15mm.

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