CN106376271A - Method for continuously improving saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for continuously improving saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106376271A CN106376271A CN201610795537.0A CN201610795537A CN106376271A CN 106376271 A CN106376271 A CN 106376271A CN 201610795537 A CN201610795537 A CN 201610795537A CN 106376271 A CN106376271 A CN 106376271A
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- salt
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- ion exchange
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- plantation hole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for continuously improving saline-alkali soil, belonging to the technical field of garden engineering. The method comprises the following steps: digging planting pits in the saline-alkali soil; digging an inspection well and arranging an inspection and exchange port; filling the planting pits; arranging an openable baffle on the inspection and exchange port; and regularly detecting the index of an ion exchange layer and replacing an ion exchange medium, and the like. In the method for continuously improving saline-alkali soil, disclosed by the invention, the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is reduced while the plant growth is promoted; and the method is a sustainable saline-alkali soil improving method and has a good market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garden engineering technology field, the method that more particularly, to a kind of salt-soda soil is persistently improved.
Background technology
Salt affected soil, due to the accumulation of salinities a large amount of in soil, can cause a series of deterioration of soil physical properties, to wide
The big salt affected soil that can not be suitable for garden plantses growth needs carries out improveing, reduce its salt alkali content becomes afforestation
One key subjects of engineering.Conventional soil improvement can be generally divided into physically improved, water conservancy improvement, chemical modifying etc., its
In, with ion exchange as principle, improved by the salinity in ion exchange salt-soda soil salt-soda soil be effective method it
One.If Authorization Notice No. is CN103283338B, the Chinese invention patent of entitled " a kind of method of salt-soda soil rice cultivation "
Pass through described in document to apply calcium sulfate, make calcium sulfate carry out ion-exchange reactionss to improve salt-soda soil with the salinity in salt-soda soil
Method；And for example, described in Chinese patent literature CN101012380A, using calcium superphosphate, calcium sulfate, gas permeable material and corruption
The compositionss of ripe thick Organic substance are as the modifying agent of salinized soil；Additionally, with poly- third described in Chinese patent literature CN1923949A
Olefin(e) acid (PAA) mixed dissolution pyroligneous liquor, phytohormone combination, as modifying agent, had both considered fall low ph value it is also contemplated that promoting
Plant growth；Etc..
But, above-mentioned alkaline land improving mode is all to carry out on the microcell in a certain area and its top layer, according to heating power
Learn second law to understand, in the balance of level of ground water that this region exists and water, the diffusion balance of salt alkali concn is Δ G ＜
0, it is the process that free energy reduces, be the process of a spontaneous generation, that is, described accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali is the process necessarily occurring.Cause
How this, constantly improve to salt-soda soil, prevents accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, is the content of the most critical of alkaline land improving.
Content of the invention
It is difficult to continue for alkaline land improving effect in prior art, the technical problem of easy accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, provide a kind of saline and alkaline
The method that ground is persistently improved, stablizes the improved effect in salt-soda soil.
For this reason, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method that salt-soda soil is persistently improved, comprises the steps：
S1：Plantation hole, plantation hole depth 1.5-2 rice, each 2 meters of length and width are dug on salt-soda soil, spacing 1-1.1 rice, between each plantation hole
Equally spacedly in a row arrange in column；
S2：Plantation hole is grouped, often adjacent four are one group, in the center of one group of plantation hole, dig inspection shaft, inspection
Look into well depth 2-2.5 rice, the peripheral dimension of inspection shaft with each plantation hole have overlapping as standard, that is, a part for inspection shaft be located at each
In plantation hole；
S3：One corral wall is built along the periphery of inspection shaft with brick, leaves inspection in the overlapping position of inspection well depth 1m, each plantation hole
And exchange mouth；
S4：It is sequentially filled from the bottom to top in plantation hole：Every salt deposit and salt discharge layer, it is 0.2-0.3m every the thickness of salt deposit, salt discharge layer
Thickness be 0.2-0.3m；The first leakage board is laid above salt discharge layer, interval setting several piece gripper shoe on the first leakage board,
From checking and exchanging the periphery diverging arrangement to plantation hole for the mouth, the second leakage board is laid in the top of gripper shoe to several piece gripper shoe,
Ion Exchange Medium is filled between the first leak version, the second leakage board and gripper shoe；First leak version, the second leakage board,
Gripper shoe and Ion Exchange Medium are collectively forming ion exchange layer, and the thickness of ion exchange layer is 0.25-0.35m；In ion
The top laying plantation layer of switching layer；The inspection of described inspection shaft and exchange mouth are located on the ion exchange layer of each plantation hole；
S5：Checking and exchanging, on mouth, baffle plate able to turn on or off is set；
S6：Interval regular time, detect ion exchange in the layer saline and alkaline by checking and exchanging mouth, optionally change ion
Exchange in the layer Ion Exchange Medium.
Further, described first leakage board offers some leaking holes having funnel type；Open on second leakage board
It is provided with the leaking hole of some tool funnel types.
Further, described inspection shaft is cylinder, internal diameter 0.8-1 rice.
Further, described every salt deposit be boiler ash sediment, in wheat bran, sawdust, bark, horsehit, blinding, cobble or Caulis et Folium Oryzae
One group or two or more mixing；It is filled with gravel, zeolite or sandstone in salt discharge layer and salt discharging pipe is set.
Further, described ion exchange in the layer Ion Exchange Medium is calcium superphosphate or calcium sulfate and montmorillonite, height
Ridge stone or the arbitrary mixture of Vermiculitum；Or, cation exchange resin.
Further, described plantation in the layer planting matrix is Composite nutrient soil, including the following component of parts by weight：Grass
Carbon 20-30 part, decomposed cow dung 30-60 part, straw 12-36 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, wood flour 10-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran 10-20 part, powder
Coal ash 7-11.6 part, mountain sand 15-25 part, phosphorus humic fertileizer 5-7 part, nitrogen humic fertileizer 5-7 part, rabbit excrement 8-10 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, sugar residue 20-30
Part, and, Lentinus Edodess Bag Material 15-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Further, it is additionally provided with reservoir bed between described ion exchange layer and plantation layer, described reservoir bed is by plant
One or more be mixed of straw, hydroscopic high-molecular resin SAP or meerschaum.
The method that the salt-soda soil of the present invention is persistently improved, in plantation hole setting every salt deposit, salt discharge layer and ion exchange layer, every
Salt deposit prevents that the salinity of lower section is up, and salt discharge layer carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching salt discharge, and ion exchange layer passes through cation exchange medium by soil
In cation swap, reduce soil pH value；By plantation hole is grouped, one inspection shaft of setting in one group of plantation hole,
By indexs such as inspection shaft periodic detection ion exchange in the layer pH values, and Ion Exchange Medium is changed according to testing result, make
The effect of alkaline land improving is stabilized and continues, and prevents soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali again after improvement；Using Composite nutrient soil as plantation
Substrate, ensures the nutrition needed for plant growing, beneficial to plant growing.
To sum up, this method, while reducing salt affected soil pH value, takes into account promotion plant growth, is a kind of continuable
Saline and alkali land improvement method, has good market prospect.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of ion exchange layer cross section of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the A-A of Fig. 2 to sectional view；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation digging tool of the present invention；
In figure, 1 is plantation hole, and 2 is inspection shaft, and 3 is to check and exchange mouth, and 4 is every salt deposit, and 5 is salt discharge layer, and 51 is salt discharging pipe, 6
For ion exchange layer, 61 is the first leakage board, and 62 is gripper shoe, and 63 is the second leakage board, and 64 is Ion Exchange Medium, and 65 is leakage
Water hole, 7 is plantation layer, and 8 is to dig tool, and 81 is handle, and 82 is head.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1-4, the present invention is described further with specific embodiment, with prior art in the present invention
Identical part will be with reference to prior art.
As Figure 1-3, the method that a kind of salt-soda soil of the present invention is persistently improved, comprises the steps：
S1：Plantation hole 1 is dug on salt-soda soil, deep 1.5 meters of plantation hole, each 2 meters of length and width, 1 meter of spacing, between each plantation hole equidistantly
Ground is in a row arranged in column；
S2：Plantation hole 1 is grouped, often adjacent four are one group, in the center of one group of plantation hole, dig inspection shaft 2,
Check 2.2 meters of well depth, the peripheral dimension of inspection shaft with each plantation hole have overlapping as standard, that is, a part for inspection shaft is located at respectively
In plantation hole；
S3：One corral wall is built along the periphery of inspection shaft 2 with brick, leaves in the position of inspection well depth about 1m, each plantation hole 1 overlap
Check and exchange mouth 3；
S4：It is sequentially filled from the bottom to top in plantation hole 1：Every salt deposit 4 and salt discharge layer 5, it is 0.2-0.3m every the thickness of salt deposit 4, row
The thickness of salt deposit 5 is 0.2-0.3m, is provided with salt discharging pipe 51 in salt discharge layer 5；The first leakage board 61 is laid above salt discharge layer,
Interval setting several piece gripper shoe 62 on first leakage board, several piece gripper shoe is from checking and exchange the periphery diverging to plantation hole for the mouth
Arrangement, as shown in Fig. 2 the second leakage board 63 is laid in the top of gripper shoe 32, in the first leak version, the second leakage board and support
Ion Exchange Medium 64 is filled between plate；First leak version, the second leakage board, gripper shoe and Ion Exchange Medium are collectively forming
Ion exchange layer 6, gripper shoe 62 plays support and partially isolated effect, thus the first leakage board and the second leakage board it
Between erect several relatively independent chambers, within the chamber is filled with Ion Exchange Medium, and chamber all be opened on inspection and exchange
Mouth 3；The thickness of ion exchange layer 6 is 0.25-0.35m；Laying plantation layer 7 above ion exchange layer 6；Described inspection shaft
Check and exchange mouth 3 to be located on the ion exchange layer 6 of each plantation hole；
S5：Checking and exchanging, on mouth 3, baffle plate able to turn on or off is set；
S6：Interval regular time, open baffle plate, detect ion exchange in the layer saline and alkaline by checking and exchanging mouth, depending on feelings
Condition changes ion exchange in the layer Ion Exchange Medium.When changing Ion Exchange Medium, it is possible to use as shown in Figure 4 digs tool 8,
This digs has a handle 81 and a head 82 with decreased food direction in about 90 degree of angles, and head has a job
Face.Using digging after the Ion Exchange Medium taking-up that tool 8 will use after a while, refill new Ion Exchange Medium, protect
The effect of barrier ion exchange.
In order to obtain superior technique effect, as a kind of preferred embodiment, if offering on the first leakage board 61
The dry leaking hole 65 having funnel type；The leaking hole 65 of some tool funnel types is offered on the second leakage board 63.Fall funnel type
Leaking hole is conducive to plantation in the layer cation to enter ion exchange layer 6 and carries out ion exchange；And the leaking hole of funnel type can make
The moisture getting off from plantation layer stops the more time in ion exchange layer, thus being conducive to the carrying out of ion exchange.
In order to obtain superior technique effect, as a kind of preferred embodiment, described inspection shaft is cylinder, internal diameter
0.7-0.9 rice.It is easy to operator's activity and operation.
Described every salt deposit 4 be boiler ash sediment, wheat bran, sawdust, bark, horsehit, blinding, one group or two in cobble or Caulis et Folium Oryzae
Plant above mixing；It is filled with gravel, zeolite or sandstone in salt discharge layer 5 and salt discharging pipe 51 is set.There is good obstruct salt, alkali
Up effect.
Described ion exchange in the layer Ion Exchange Medium is calcium superphosphate or calcium sulfate and montmorillonite, kaolinite or Vermiculitum
Arbitrary mixture；Or, cation exchange resin.Draw materials conveniently, exchange effect is good, and cost is suitable.
Described plantation in the layer planting matrix is Composite nutrient soil, including the following component of parts by weight：Careless carbon 20-30
Part, decomposed cow dung 30-60 part, straw 12-36 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, wood flour 10-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran 10-20 part, flyash 7-
11.6 parts, mountain sand 15-25 part, phosphorus humic fertileizer 5-7 part, nitrogen humic fertileizer 5-7 part, rabbit excrement 8-10 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, sugar residue 20-30 part, and,
Become thoroughly decomposed Lentinus Edodess Bag Material 15-20 part.Mentioned component mixes the Nutrition Soil that meets of formation, and overall is in acidity, and nutritious,
Drainage effect is good, increases oxygen in soil, and good permeability, not hardened, is difficult the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, can promote the life of plant and microorganism
Long.
It is additionally provided with reservoir bed between described ion exchange layer and plantation layer（In figure is not shown）, described reservoir bed is by planting
One or more be mixed of thing straw, hydroscopic high-molecular resin SAP or meerschaum.For to rainwater or filling
Irrigate water to be stored, need for plant growing, the number of times of irrigation can be efficiently reduced, increase the survival rate of plant.
Certainly, the present invention can also adopt other embodiment, above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not used for
Limit the practical range of the present invention, equivalence changes and modification that all contents according to the application the scope of the claims are made, all should be this
Bright technology category.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that salt-soda soil is persistently improved, comprises the steps：
S1：Plantation hole, plantation hole depth 1.5-2 rice, each 2 meters of length and width are dug on salt-soda soil, spacing 1-1.1 rice, between each plantation hole
Equally spacedly in a row arrange in column；
S2：Plantation hole is grouped, often adjacent four are one group, in the center of one group of plantation hole, dig inspection shaft, inspection
Look into well depth 2-2.5 rice, the peripheral dimension of inspection shaft with each plantation hole have overlapping as standard, that is, a part for inspection shaft be located at each
In plantation hole；
S3：One corral wall is built along the periphery of inspection shaft with brick, leaves inspection in the overlapping position of inspection well depth 1m, each plantation hole
And exchange mouth；
S4：It is sequentially filled from the bottom to top in plantation hole：Every salt deposit and salt discharge layer, it is 0.2-0.3m every the thickness of salt deposit, salt discharge layer
Thickness be 0.2-0.3m；The first leakage board is laid above salt discharge layer, interval setting several piece gripper shoe on the first leakage board,
From checking and exchanging the periphery diverging arrangement to plantation hole for the mouth, the second leakage board is laid in the top of gripper shoe to several piece gripper shoe,
Ion Exchange Medium is filled between the first leak version, the second leakage board and gripper shoe；First leak version, the second leakage board,
Gripper shoe and Ion Exchange Medium are collectively forming ion exchange layer, and the thickness of ion exchange layer is 0.25-0.35m；In ion
The top laying plantation layer of switching layer；The inspection of described inspection shaft and exchange mouth are located on the ion exchange layer of each plantation hole；
S5：Checking and exchanging, on mouth, baffle plate able to turn on or off is set；
S6：Interval regular time, detect ion exchange in the layer saline and alkaline by checking and exchanging mouth, optionally change ion
Exchange in the layer Ion Exchange Medium.
2. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 is persistently improved method it is characterised in that：Open up on described first leakage board
There are some leaking holes having funnel type；The leaking hole of some tool funnel types is offered on the second leakage board.
3. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 is persistently improved method it is characterised in that：Described inspection shaft is cylinder,
Internal diameter 0.8-1 rice.
4. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 is persistently improved method it is characterised in that：Described every salt deposit be boiler ash sediment,
One group in wheat bran, sawdust, bark, horsehit, blinding, cobble or Caulis et Folium Oryzae or two or more mixing；It is filled with salt discharge layer
Gravel, zeolite or sandstone simultaneously arrange salt discharging pipe.
5. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 is persistently improved method it is characterised in that：Described ion exchange in the layer from
Sub- exchange media is calcium superphosphate or calcium sulfate and montmorillonite, kaolinite or the arbitrary mixture of Vermiculitum；Or, cation exchange
Resin.
6. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 is persistently improved method it is characterised in that：Described plantation in the layer planting matrix
Matter is Composite nutrient soil, including the following component of parts by weight：Careless carbon 20-30 part, decomposed cow dung 30-60 part, become thoroughly decomposed plant straw
Stalk 12-36 part, wood flour 10-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran 10-20 part, flyash 7-11.6 part, mountain sand 15-25 part, phosphorus humic fertileizer 5-7 part,
Nitrogen humic fertileizer 5-7 part, rabbit excrement 8-10 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed, sugar residue 20-30 part, and, Lentinus Edodess Bag Material 15-20 part of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
7. the method that persistently improved according to the arbitrary described salt-soda soil of claim 1-6 it is characterised in that：In described ion exchange
It is additionally provided with reservoir bed, described reservoir bed is by straw, hydroscopic high-molecular resin SAP or meerschaum between layer and plantation layer
One or more be mixed.
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| CN201610795537.0A CN106376271B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of method that salt-soda soil is persistently improved |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108966720A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil four-dimension modification method |
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| CN108966720A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil four-dimension modification method |
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