CN106120679A - A kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function - Google Patents
A kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN106120679A CN106120679A CN201610497392.6A CN201610497392A CN106120679A CN 106120679 A CN106120679 A CN 106120679A CN 201610497392 A CN201610497392 A CN 201610497392A CN 106120679 A CN106120679 A CN 106120679A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function, including three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of class, some solid slow-release carbon source filler ponds, lift dam；Wherein, described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is positioned at the lower section of three light irrigation canals and ditches bottom part body of described class, and described lift dam is positioned at the described ecological canal end along water (flow) direction.From the point of view of Zheng Liing, the present invention takes into full account the problem that tradition Earthen ditches and three light hardening of cement irrigation canals and ditches exist, and develops the construction method of a kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function.On the basis of ensureing farmland ditch proper drainage function, the function of each several parts such as the adsorption by soil in irrigation canals and ditches, filling adsorption, plant absorption and biodegradation is strengthened, enrich farmland ditch bio-diversity simultaneously, realize, to the efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the tail water of farmland, making irrigation canals and ditches become the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants processing unit between farmland tail water and receiving water body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function.
Background technology
Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area with farmland tail water as representative is on the rise, and farmland nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizer uses excess, a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus
Pollutant enter periphery surface water body with farmland Tail water reuse, bring serious eutrophication hidden danger to receiving water body.
In tradition Earthen ditches, growth has plant, possesses the functions such as certain adsorption by soil, plant absorption and biodegradation,
Nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants is had certain but be not the most significantly to remove function, but after operation after a while, miscellaneous in irrigation canals and ditches
Thick grass life, severe water and soil erosion, current are not smooth, and the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants can not get fully ensuring that, is therefore subject to follow-up
Water body of receiving still causes certain pollution.At present peasant through frequently with three light hardening of cement irrigation canals and ditches Main Functions be farmland tail water
Discharge-channel, though hardening irrigation canals and ditches are easily maintained, but the longest plant in it, the removal to pollutant such as nitrogen phosphorus in the tail water of farmland
Ability is weak, and water velocity is fast, and the farmland tail water time of staying in irrigation canals and ditches is the shortest, the therefore dirt such as the nitrogen phosphorus in the tail water of farmland
Dye thing is difficult to be sufficiently removed in irrigation canals and ditches.Visible, tradition Earthen ditches and three light hardening of cement irrigation canals and ditches are in the tail water of farmland
The self-purification capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants weak so that present, based on the widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area of farmland tail water, the trend of being on the rise.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ecological ditch with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function
Canal.The present invention agricultural ecological irrigation canals and ditches are entered downstream receiving water body as farmland tail water before a processing unit, by rich
Rich farmland ditch bio-diversity, the effect such as adsorption by soil, filling adsorption, plant absorption and the biodegradation in strengthening irrigation canals and ditches,
Make it that pollutant such as the nitrogen phosphorus in the tail water of farmland are had preferable removal effect, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous being lowered in receiving water body,
To promoting, agricultural non-point pollution self-purification capacity is highly useful, and tool is of great significance and wide market application foreground.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function, if solid including three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of class
Body slow release carbon source filler pond, lift dam；
Wherein, described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is positioned at the lower section of three light irrigation canals and ditches bottom part body of described class, described liter
Fall formula dam is positioned at the described ecological canal end along water (flow) direction.
Preferably, the side slope of three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of described class and bottom are laid by precast concrete and are formed, described mixed
The hole that the hole of solidifying soil prefabricated component or described precast concrete are spliced to form each other is planted be implanted with pollutant are had stronger
The water plant of absorbability.It is further preferred that described prefabricated component is linked prefabricated component.
Preferably, described concrete is added with nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing.Further, described nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing and coagulation
The volume ratio of soil is 1:(3～5).
Preferably, described nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing is zeolite, haydite, volcanic rock mixture；Further, described zeolite, pottery
Grain, the volume ratio of volcanic rock are 1:1:1 (three kinds of uniform filling proportionings are easier operation by this proportions).
Preferably, the grade of side slope of three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of described class is 1:(0.5～1)；Wherein, three light ditches of described class
The trench bottom width of canal main body can adjust according to the utilization power in concrete soil, and the depth of water in irrigation canals and ditches is since it is considered that want
Carrying out denitrification denitrogenation in irrigation canals and ditches, denitrification completes under anoxic conditions, so covering water depth at least want 0.5 meter, adds
After protection height (taking 0.2 meter) on headwater depth, trench depth is at least 0.7 meter, such as: trench bottom width is 1～2
Rice, the degree of depth are 0.5～1.0 meter.
For ensureing the unimpeded of current in irrigation canals and ditches, the present invention uses linked filler-precast concrete (to add in manufacturing process
Enter nitrogen phosphorus adsorbing material), three faces of irrigation canals and ditches are built.Such side slope and bottom are built mode and both can guarantee that the smooth of current
Logical, can both avoid the problem that tradition Earthen ditches is weedy in the side slope of irrigation canals and ditches and bottom planting aquatic plants, solved again again
Determine the problem of three light hardening of cement irrigation canals and ditches not growing plants；By adding the material with nitrogen phosphorus adsorption function in concrete
Material, strengthening filling adsorption is gone the effect of a good appetite suddenly appearing in a serious disease, is made irrigation canals and ditches main body become the pollutant Adsorptions such as nitrogen phosphorus at nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants
Processing unit.
Preferably, it is spaced apart 20～30 meters between described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond.
Preferably, described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is perpendicular to width and three light irrigation canals and ditches masters of described class of water (flow) direction
Body bottom width is identical.
Preferably, the material in described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is cement, in described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond
Solid slow-release carbon source filler is nontoxic, cheap natural solid Organic substance, such as corn cob, straw, Retinervus Luffae Fructus etc..
Preferably, described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is provided with solid slow-release towards the direction of three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of class
Carbon source filler basin lid plate, described cover plate is furnished with strip gap, and gap width is 3～5 centimetres.
Design reasons about solid slow-release carbon source filler pond is: in biological denitrification process, and denitrification is non-the normally off
One step of key, the low-pollution waters such as research in the past shows, farmland tail water have the feature of low-carbon high-nitrogen phosphorus, in biological denitrification process,
Because of carbon source quality and quantity reason, efficiency is the highest.Carry out under anaerobic condition in view of anti-nitration reaction, solid slow-release carbon
Filler pond, source is built at trench bottom, raising lift dam irrigation canals and ditches enforcement Pollutant Treatment function when, and enough water
Deep degree can build preferable anaerobic environment, additionally flood passage in rainy season when, is filled in the solid carbon source in carbon source pond
The most unlikely washed away.The present invention digs pit every a segment distance at trench bottom and builds slow release carbon source filler pond, in filler pond
At filling solid slow release carbon source (nontoxic, cheap natural solid Organic substance, such as corn cob, straw, Retinervus Luffae Fructus etc.) strengthening
The denitrification usefulness of reason system, slow release carbon source can supplement interpolation after being finished.
Preferably, the highest rising height of described lift dam is less than the degree of depth of described ecological canal.
Preferably, the lifting of described lift dam uses manually-operated mode, it is achieved irrigation canals and ditches are at flood passage and pollutant
Process being switched fast between function.
Preferably, described ecological canal also puts the aquatic animal such as screw, shell in a suitable place to breed.
The ecological canal that the present invention builds, in water plant, aquatic animal, microorganism, soil, filler and slow release carbon source
Under common effect, the functions such as adsorption by soil, filling adsorption, plant absorption and biodegradation is strengthened, and improves agriculture
Field tail water nitrogen phosphorus treatment effect, prevents from receiving water body is caused outrophication risk, makes irrigation canals and ditches become farmland tail water nitrogen and phosphorus pollution
Thing processing unit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following beneficial effect:
(1) present invention filler-precast concrete hole in irrigation canals and ditches side slope and bottom is planted pollutant are had relatively
The emergent aquactic plant of strong absorbability and submerged plant, put the aquatic animal such as screw, shell in a suitable place to breed, can enrich the life in farmland ditch
Thing multiformity, has the water plant such as Herba Oenanthes Javanicae, water spinach of economic worth, is implanted with sight in trench bottom kind in the plantation of irrigation canals and ditches side slope
The Canna generalis Bailey of reward value, Herba Typhae, Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng. etc., strengthening agricultural ecological is worth, and is i.e. effectively improved irrigation canals and ditches and pollutes self-purification capacity, again
Bring certain economic benefit.
(2) present invention takes into full account the effect in contaminant removal process of the nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing, at irrigation canals and ditches side slope and the end
Portion uses, during building, the prefabricated component being mixed by nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing with concrete, makes irrigation canals and ditches main body become and has nitrogen
The processing unit of phosphor contaminant adsorption function, can strengthen filling adsorption and go the effect of a good appetite suddenly appearing in a serious disease at nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants.
(3) environment at trench bottom construction relatively hypoxia is beneficial to the carrying out of denitrification denitrogenation, and interval is built solid and delayed
Release carbon source filler pond, provide carbon source to microorganism denitrification denitrogenation process, promote the raising of microorganism denitrification denitrogenation usefulness.Gu
In body slow release carbon source filler pond, filling is nontoxic, cheap natural solid Organic substance, such as corn cob, straw, Retinervus Luffae Fructus
Deng, or backfill after periodically the water plant in irrigation canals and ditches being gathered in, processes.Solid slow-release carbon source filler is drawn materials conveniently, the most not
Effluent quality can be impacted.
(4) present invention raises irrigation canals and ditches water level by building lift dam, when extending the stop in irrigation canals and ditches of the farmland tail water
Between, it is achieved the process to farmland tail water, cut down the load of the nutrient substance such as nitrogen phosphorus, effectively reduce agricultural run-off load, make follow-up
Receiving water body avoids the occurrence of eutrophication, improves the treatment effect of farmland tail water.Dam was reduced high before rainy season arrives
Degree, it is ensured that the performance of irrigation canals and ditches flood passage function, from flood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the detailed description non-limiting example made with reference to the following drawings of reading, the further feature of the present invention,
Purpose and advantage will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the plan view of ecological canal of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section of ecological canal of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional elevation of ecological canal of the present invention；
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are the present invention adoptable linked precast concrete schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is solid slow-release carbon source filler basin lid plate schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is solid slow-release carbon source filler pond of the present invention and cover plate schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is three light irrigation canals and ditches main body schematic diagrams of class of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys of class, and 2 is solid slow-release carbon source filler pond, and 3 is lift dam, and 4 is solid
Slow release carbon source filler basin lid plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following example will assist in the technology of this area
Personnel are further appreciated by the present invention, but limit the present invention the most in any form.It should be pointed out that, the ordinary skill to this area
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement.These broadly fall into the present invention
Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of ecological canal (its structure is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function, including
Three light irrigation canals and ditches main bodys 1 of class, some solid slow-release carbon source filler ponds 2, lift dam 3；Wherein, described solid slow-release carbon source is filled out
Material pond is positioned at the lower section of three light irrigation canals and ditches bottom part body of described class, and described lift dam is positioned at described ecological canal along current side
To end.
For ensureing the unimpeded of current in irrigation canals and ditches, linked precast concrete (such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is used to build irrigation canals and ditches,
In the hole of prefabricated component, plantation emergent aquactic plant and submerged plant, put the aquatic animal such as screw, shell in a suitable place to breed, in abundant farmland ditch
Bio-diversity, select to have as far as possible economic worth and stronger the water plant such as water spinach, Herba Oenanthes Javanicae of sight, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Typhae,
Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng. etc., strengthen agricultural ecological and are worth.By nitrogen phosphorus adsorbing material zeolite, haydite, volcanic rock and cement mixing, it is fabricated to chain
Type precast concrete, it is contemplated that in hole planting plants, the template that hole to be selected is bigger.The particle diameter of haydite is
20～30mm, the particle diameter of zeolite and volcanic rock is 30～40mm, after the proportioning composition mixed fillers of three 1:1:1 by volume again
With cement mixing, filler is 1:3 with the mixed proportion of cement.Trench bottom width 1 meter, grade of side slope presses 1:0.5 design, irrigation canals and ditches
Total depth 0.7 meter, when lift dam is raised to peak level 0.5 meter, peak level top still has 0.2 meter away from irrigation canals and ditches top
Buffer height.
Building solid slow-release carbon source filler pond 2 at trench bottom at interval of 20 meters, its width and trench bottom are with width, length
For 50cm, degree of depth 50cm, built-in nontoxic, cheap natural solid Organic substance, such as corn cob, straw, Retinervus Luffae Fructus etc., solid
Slow release carbon source filler pond 2 uses cement structures, and top is concordant with trench bottom, and the solid slow-release carbon source installing band strip gap is filled out
Material basin lid plate 4 prevents the outflows of drifting about in the water such as corn cob, straw, Retinervus Luffae Fructus, when carbon source runs out of, can open cover plate again
Add new slow release carbon source.See Fig. 6, Fig. 7.
The highest rising height of described lift dam 3 is less than the degree of depth of described ecological canal；Described lift dam
Lifting uses manually-operated mode, it is achieved irrigation canals and ditches being switched fast between flood passage and Pollutant Treatment function.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function provided by the present embodiment, can effectively intercept the nitrogen in the tail water of farmland
Phosphorus discharges.The present invention respectively reaches 66% and 65% to total nitrogen, the mean concentration cut rate of total phosphorus in the tail water of farmland.Fig. 8.
Embodiment 2
The work process of the ecological canal that embodiment 1 provides is introduced by the present embodiment:
In dry season, raise the height of lift dam 3, intercept farmland tail water, raise the water level in irrigation canals and ditches, extend farmland tail water
The time of staying in irrigation canals and ditches, complete the removal to nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants；
In rainy season, put down lift dam 3, enable farmland tail water to discharge quickly through irrigation canals and ditches, it is ensured that irrigation canals and ditches flood passage function.
The highest rising height of lift dam 0.5 meter.
From the point of view of Zheng Liing, the present invention takes into full account the problem that tradition Earthen ditches and three light hardening of cement irrigation canals and ditches exist, and opens
Send out the construction method of a kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function.On the basis ensureing farmland ditch proper drainage function
On, the function of each several parts such as the adsorption by soil in irrigation canals and ditches, filling adsorption, plant absorption and biodegradation is strengthened, simultaneously
Abundant farmland ditch bio-diversity, it is achieved to the efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the tail water of farmland, make irrigation canals and ditches become farmland tail
Nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants processing unit between water and receiving water body.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformation or amendment within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function, it is characterised in that include three light irrigation canals and ditches main body (1) of class, some
Solid slow-release carbon source filler pond (2), lift dam (3)；
Wherein, described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond (2) is positioned at the lower section of three light irrigation canals and ditches main body (1) bottoms of described class, described
Lift dam (3) is positioned at the described ecological canal end along water (flow) direction.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three light ditches of described class
The side slope of canal main body (1) and bottom are laid by precast concrete and are formed；
The hole that the hole of described precast concrete or described precast concrete are spliced to form each other is planted and is implanted with pollution
Thing has the water plant of stronger absorbability.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that add in described concrete
Added with nitrogen phosphorus adsorption stuffing.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the absorption of described nitrogen phosphorus is filled out
Material is zeolite, haydite, volcanic rock mixture.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three light ditches of described class
The grade of side slope of canal main body (1) is 1:(0.5～1).
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solid slow-release carbon
It is spaced apart 20～30 meters between filler pond, source (2)；Described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond (2) is perpendicular to the width of water (flow) direction
Identical with three light irrigation canals and ditches main body (1) bottom widths of described class.
7. according to the ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that described solid delays
The solid slow-release carbon source filler released in carbon source filler pond (2) includes nontoxic, cheap natural solid Organic substance；
Described solid slow-release carbon source filler pond (2) is provided with solid slow-release carbon source towards the direction of three light irrigation canals and ditches main body (1) of class
Filler basin lid plate (4), described solid slow-release carbon source filler basin lid plate (4) is furnished with strip gap.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lift dam
(3) the highest rising height is less than the degree of depth of described ecological canal.
9. according to the ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function described in claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that described lift
The lifting of dam (3) uses manually-operated mode to control.
The ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described ecological canal
In also put aquatic animal in a suitable place to breed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106968228A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-07-21 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Environmental open drain and its construction method based on straw resource utilization |
| CN107100132A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-08-29 | 郑州大学 | A kind of matrix alternative ecology filter dam |
| CN108911371A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-30 | 浙江大学 | Embedded nitrification-denitrification-dephosphorization complete set processing unit and its method |
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| CN109534516A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 河海大学 | A kind of undercurrent type farmland drainage ditch ecological purification device |
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| CN107100132A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-08-29 | 郑州大学 | A kind of matrix alternative ecology filter dam |
| CN107100132B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2023-02-24 | 郑州大学 | Ecological dam that strains of matrix replacement formula |
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| CN108911371B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Embedded nitrification-denitrification-dephosphorization complete treatment device and method thereof |
| CN109399807A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-01 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of eutrophication water biology in situ-ecology joint prosthetic device and its method |
| CN109534516B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-09-10 | 河海大学 | Subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier |
| CN109534516A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 河海大学 | A kind of undercurrent type farmland drainage ditch ecological purification device |
| CN109534434A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of production of ecological canal sewage-treatment plant and replacement method |
| CN110002579B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-02-22 | 浙江融信环保科技有限公司 | Farmland drainage ditch formula integration that sinks purifies groove device |
| CN110104779A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of construction method of farmland nitrogen phosphorus ecological intercepting sewerage |
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| CN110482700A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-22 | 河海大学 | A kind of benefit carbon type farmland drainage ditch tail water efficient denitrification ecological purification pond |
| CN110627328B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-06-08 | 长江水资源保护科学研究所 | Ecological low-lying pool and application thereof in farmland runoff and irrigation water-withdrawal purification |
| CN110627328A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2019-12-31 | 长江水资源保护科学研究所 | Ecological low-lying pool and application thereof in farmland runoff and irrigation water-withdrawal purification |
| CN114349299A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-15 | 河海大学 | Slope protection and method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling bottom mud |
| CN114656107A (en) * | 2022-03-26 | 2022-06-24 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Prefabricated modular agricultural tail water nitrogen and phosphorus treatment system |
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