CN109534516B - Subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier - Google Patents
Subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN109534516B CN109534516B CN201811512571.8A CN201811512571A CN109534516B CN 109534516 B CN109534516 B CN 109534516B CN 201811512571 A CN201811512571 A CN 201811512571A CN 109534516 B CN109534516 B CN 109534516B
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention provides an underflow type ecological purifier for a farmland drainage ditch, which structurally comprises a precipitation area, an adsorption interception area and an ecological purification area, wherein one side of the adsorption interception area is connected with the precipitation area, the other side of the adsorption interception area is connected with the ecological purification area, a clamping groove is arranged between the adsorption interception area and the ecological purification area, and a water gate is arranged in the clamping groove. The advantages are that: 1) the water withdrawal efficiency of the drainage ditch of the irrigation area is not influenced; 2) the purification effect is good; 3) the maintenance is simple, and the management is convenient; 4) no extra floor area, less capital construction, low investment cost 5) simple manufacture and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a subsurface flow type farmland drainage ecological purifier arranged in a farmland drainage ditch, belonging to the technical field of farmland non-point source pollution control.
Background
In the agricultural production process of China, the destruction of the internal structure of a farmland ecosystem is caused by long-term large-scale and unreasonable application of chemical fertilizers, and the pollution of surface water and underground water bodies caused by the loss of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like becomes one of the main pollution sources of water quality of China. Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient substances in farmland drainage are the main reasons for causing eutrophication of receiving water bodies; the effective control of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the farmland non-point source pollution is a key measure for reducing the eutrophication degree of the farmland non-point source pollution receiving water body.
The prior farmland non-point source pollution control technology mainly comprises an artificial wetland technology, a shore buffer zone control technology, an ecological channel purification technology and the like. The artificial wetland technology and the shore buffer zone control technology are difficult to adapt to the national conditions of more people and less land in China due to large occupied area, are limited to a certain extent in the aspects of popularization and application, and are more serious in the areas with developed economy and outstanding human and landlocked mole. The ecological channel purification technology is an ecological engineering technology for carrying out in-situ ecological interception on pollutants in a farmland drainage channel, can well harmonize human and ground contradictions, and has the problems of more infrastructure construction, complex site construction, high management difficulty and the like compared with an artificial wetland technology and a shore buffer zone control technology. In a word, the popularization and application conditions of the existing farmland non-point source pollution control technology are not ideal.
In the prior art, a forming device system with the advantages of less capital construction engineering requirements, convenient field installation, direct purification of farmland drainage water in a ditch and the like is not available, for example, the invention patent with the patent publication number of CN 107176698A discloses an active carbon and microorganism coupling device for removing farmland drainage pesticide, a water permeable installation groove is fixed in a farmland drainage ditch and an embedded filter wall is installed, when farmland water flows through the embedded filter wall layer by layer, the pesticide in the water is adsorbed and degraded by an active carbon-degrading bacteria coupling carrier, so that the concentration of the pesticide in the farmland drainage water is reduced; the invention patent with the patent publication number of CN 103833184A discloses a water quality purification device for the returned water of a paddy field, which is arranged in a ridge of the drainage end of the paddy field, and controls the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the returned water of the paddy field in the drainage process to reduce the eutrophication degree of a receiving water body. (ii) a The invention patent with the patent publication number of CN 103288312A discloses a portable composite artificial wetland box for a farmland drainage ditch, wherein a plurality of portable composite artificial wetland purification boxes are sequentially arranged in the farmland drainage ditch, farmland drainage enters from water inlets of the purification boxes and is subjected to purification treatment sequentially through the lower part of a biological purification ball area, an active carbon adsorption area, the upper part of the biological purification ball area and a miniature artificial wet area, so that the harm of the farmland drainage ditch to aquatic organisms in a receiving water body is reduced.
However, the above technical solution has high requirements for the water level in the farmland drainage ditch, but in practical situations, the water level of the farmland drainage ditch in the non-water-withdrawal period is very low, and the requirements for the water level of the above technical solution are far from being met. Because the drainage ditch is in a water shortage state or even a drying state for a long time after the drainage ditch of the farmland is rapidly drained in a rainfall or farmland irrigation period or in a non-rainfall and farmland non-irrigation period, the purification capacity of the equipment or the device in the prior art is generally not fully exerted, and after the technology is popularized and implemented, the agricultural non-point source pollution cannot be well improved, and the problem of resource waste is also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the subsurface-flow type ecological purifier for the farmland drainage ditch, which solves the problems that the water level of the farmland drainage ditch in the non-water-withdrawal period is very low, the purification difficulty is increased, and the requirements of various purification technologies on the water level of the farmland drainage ditch influence the purification efficiency and cause resource waste in the practical situation. The subsurface-flow type ecological purifier for the farmland drainage ditch is arranged at the bottom of the farmland drainage ditch, so that the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in farmland returned water can be effectively controlled in the drainage process, and the eutrophication degree of the received water body is reduced.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the underflow type ecological purifier for drainage ditch of farm land includes four parts of settling area, adsorbing and trapping area, ecological purifying area and clamping groove. During the implementation, can lay a plurality of underflow formula farmland escape canal ecological purifiers in the farmland escape canal in proper order to lay the position and be located below the ditch bottom elevation of farmland escape canal, make ecological purifier apron and the ditch bottom parallel and level of escape canal. In the period of retiring water, insert the breakwater of sluice in the draw-in groove, the farmland is retired water and can directly move back through the farmland escape canal rapidly, can not cause the influence to escape canal efficiency of retiring water. In the non-water-return period, the water baffle of the water gate is lifted out of the clamping groove to form a structure for blocking farmland water return. Because the separation of breakwater, the farmland is catched off and can't be directly discharged from the escape canal, rivers can flow into ecological purifier in through ecological purifier's sedimentation zone water inlet to flow through sedimentation zone, absorption entrapment district, ecological purification district in proper order, the tail water after the purification will pass through the outlet of ecological purification district department and discharge into farmland escape canal again, accomplishes the quality of water purification process that the farmland was catched off.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the water withdrawal efficiency of the drainage ditch of the irrigation area is not influenced; the steerable rivers of flashboard get into ecological clarifier and purify or directly retreat through the farmland escape canal, and the stage of returning water carries out the microbial purification to the farmland is returned to, and the stage of returning water does not influence irrigation district efficiency of returning water.
2) The purification effect is good; the technology can effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, and during implementation, a plurality of subsurface ecological purifiers can be sequentially laid at the bottom of a farmland drainage ditch, so that the purification effect is enhanced.
3) The maintenance is simple, and the management is convenient; each subassembly of the subsurface flow type ecological purifier for the farmland drainage ditch can be manufactured by a manufacturer, and can be directly arranged on the farmland drainage ditch after being assembled, so that the use is convenient. After the biological filter is used for a period of time, cover plates of the settling zone, the adsorption interception zone and the ecological purification zone can be opened respectively, and biological fillers, adsorption interception materials and precipitated sludge are replaced.
4) No extra floor area, less capital construction projects and low investment cost; when the technology is implemented, only a cuboid soil pit needs to be dug downwards at the bottom of the drainage ditch for arranging the ecological purifier, so that the ecological purifier almost has no capital construction engineering, and the device is arranged below the elevation of the bottom of the drainage ditch, so that the ecological purifier does not occupy the cultivated land area.
5) The manufacturing is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier has simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Can realize industrialized production without the limitation of time, season, place and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of the embodiment of the present invention at the time of the water-removing stage.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the non-dewatering stage of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the ecological clarifier for a subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch.
FIG. 5 is a structural section view of the ecological purifier of the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the ramp frame.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the water permeable surface structure of the sloping plate frame.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sludge accommodating box.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a coarse grill intercepting screen cover.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a closed plastic cover plate.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a fine grill intercepting screen cover.
FIGS. 12A and 12B are schematic structural views of a water gate (A) closed in a water-removing period and a water gate (B) opened in a non-water-removing period.
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a containing box of the ecological purification area.
In the figure, 1 is a water surface, 2 is a drainage ditch bank, 3 is a subsurface ecological purifier, 31 is a settling zone, 310 is a thick grating intercepting net cover, 311 is a sloping plate frame, 3111 is a sloping plate frame water permeable hole, 3112 is a sloping plate, 3113 is a sloping plate foot, 312 is a sludge containing box, 32 is an adsorption and interception zone, 320 is a sealed plastic cover plate, 321 is an adsorption and interception zone containing box, 322 is an adsorption and interception material, 33 is an ecological purification zone, 330 is a thin grating intercepting net cover, 331 is an ecological purification zone containing box, 332 is a biological filler ball, 3311 is a C thin grating intercepting net, 34 is a clamping groove, 4 is a water gate, 41 is a water baffle, 42 is a fixing groove, 43 is a sliding groove, 44 is a fixing rod, 45 is a fixing rope, 5 is a sludge baffle, 6 is a lock catch, 7 is a handle, and 8 is a handle.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the ecological purifier for the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch has the overall structure of 1 cuboid box body made of engineering plastics, the interior of the box body is divided into three parts, namely a settling zone 31, an adsorption interception zone 32 and an ecological purification zone 33, one side of the adsorption interception zone 32 is connected with the settling zone 31, the other side of the adsorption interception zone is connected with the ecological purification zone 33, a clamping groove 34 is arranged between the adsorption interception zone 32 and the ecological purification zone 33, and a water gate 4 is installed in the clamping groove 34.
The settling zone 31 comprises a coarse grid intercepting screen cover 310, an inclined plate frame 311, a sludge containing box 312 and a sludge baffle 5; wherein the sludge containing box 312 is arranged at the bottom of the settling zone 31, and the structure thereof is L-shaped, as shown in FIG. 8; the inclined plate frame 311 is placed on the upper side of the bottom of the sludge containing box 312, the coarse grid intercepting screen cover 310 is installed on the top of the settling zone 31, a coarse grid intercepting screen with 1 cm side length of regular triangle mesh is arranged on the surface of the coarse grid intercepting screen and is made of fine stainless steel wires, and 1 handle 7 is respectively arranged on two sides of the coarse grid intercepting screen, as shown in fig. 9; the sludge baffle 5 is arranged at the top of the side edge of the settling zone 31 facing to the water flow direction and extends outwards in an inclined mode. The housing of the coarse grill intercepting screen cover 310, the inclined plate frame 311, and the sludge containing box 312 are all made of engineering plastics.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the swash plate holder 311 includes a swash plate holder water permeable hole 3111, swash plates 3112 and swash plate legs 3113, wherein 2 swash plate legs 3113 are disposed on both sides of the bottom of the swash plate holder 311, 5 swash plates 3112 are disposed on the side surface of the swash plate holder 311 from top to bottom at equal intervals, the width of the swash plate 3112 is the same as that of the swash plate holder 311, the length of the swash plate 3112 is sequentially changed from short to long from top to bottom, the swash plate is in a step structure, and the surface of the swash plate 3112 is very smooth; 1 rectangular water permeable holes 3111 are arranged below the joint of each sloping plate 3112 and the sloping plate frame 311.
The adsorption entrapment area 32 comprises a closed plastic cover plate 320, an adsorption entrapment area accommodating box 321 and an adsorption entrapment material 322; wherein the closed plastic cover plate 320 is installed on top of the adsorption trap 32, and 1 handle 7 is provided in the center of the upper surface thereof, as shown in fig. 10; the adsorption-trapping-area accommodating box 321 is disposed inside the adsorption-trapping area 32, and is filled with an adsorption-trapping material 322, which is generally made of volcanic rock or activated carbon.
As shown in fig. 13, the adsorption trapping area accommodating box 321 is made of engineering plastics, the upper part of the box is of an open structure, the tops of two opposite side surfaces of the box are provided with 1 pair of handles 8, and the other box surfaces are of a closed structure; the side surface of the adsorption interception area accommodating box 321 close to the settling area 31 is provided with a fine grid intercepting net A, namely a water inlet of the ecological purifier; the side face close to the ecological purification area 33 is provided with a B fine grid intercepting net which is made of fine stainless steel wires, the net holes are regular triangles with the side length of 0.5 cm, and the area of the A fine grid intercepting net is twice of that of the B fine grid intercepting net.
The ecological purification area 33 comprises a fine grid interception mesh cover 330, an ecological purification area accommodating box 331 and biological filler balls 332; wherein the fine grid intercepting net cover 330 is installed on the top of the ecological purification area 33, one side of the upper surface thereof is provided with a fine grid intercepting net, i.e. an ecological purifier water outlet, the other side is provided with 1 pair of handles 7, the fine grid intercepting net is made of fine stainless steel wires, and the meshes are regular triangles with side length of 0.5 cm, as shown in fig. 11; the ecological purification area accommodating box 331 is disposed inside the ecological purification area 33, and the interior of the ecological purification area accommodating box is filled with a plurality of biological filler balls 33, and the biological filler balls 332 are generally made of polypropylene.
The ecological purification area accommodating box 331 is made of engineering plastics, the upper part of the ecological purification area accommodating box is of an open structure, the tops of two opposite side surfaces of the ecological purification area accommodating box are provided with 1 pair of handles 8, and the other box surfaces are of a closed structure; the side surface of the ecological purification area accommodating box 331 close to the adsorption and interception area 32 is provided with a C fine grid intercepting net 3311 which is made of fine stainless steel wires, and the net holes are regular triangles with side length of 0.5 cm.
As shown in fig. 12 (a) and 12 (B), the sluice 4 includes a water baffle 41, a fixing groove 42, a sliding groove 43, a fixing rod 44, and a fixing rope 45, wherein the sliding groove 43 is 1 pair of concave metal strips with the same length, the bottoms of the metal strips are communicated, and the whole width is the same as the width of the box body of the submerged-flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier; the water baffle 41 is arranged in the chute 43 and is connected with the fixed rod 44 through the fixed rope 45, and the size of the water baffle 41 is equivalent to the size of the cross section of the box body of the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier; the upper portion of the chute 43 is provided with 2 pairs of horizontal fixing slots 42 for placing a fixing rod 44, and the 2 pairs of fixing slots 42 respectively correspond to the positions of the water baffle 41 when the water gate in the water-discharging period is closed and when the water gate in the non-water-discharging period is opened. Each part assembly of the floodgate 4 is made of an aluminum alloy material.
As shown in fig. 4, the top of the opposite two side surfaces of the settling zone 31, the adsorption and interception zone 32, and the ecological purification zone 33, which are parallel to the water flow direction, are provided with 1 pair of latches 6 for fixing the coarse grid intercepting screen cover 310, the closed plastic cover plate 320, and the fine grid intercepting screen cover 330, respectively.
During actual use, a plurality of cuboid soil pits are dug downwards at the bottom of the farmland drainage ditch, and a plurality of subsurface-flow type ecological purifiers of the farmland drainage ditch are sequentially arranged in the farmland drainage ditch, so that the arrangement position of the ecological purifiers is below the bottom elevation of the drainage ditch, and the top cover plate is flush with the bottom surface of the drainage ditch; as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of subsurface-flow type ecological purifiers for farmland drainage ditches are sequentially arranged in the farmland drainage ditches.
When the farmland tail water sedimentation zone 31 with the impurities such as sludge or plant residues is used for intercepting the larger impurities such as plant residues, the purifier is prevented from being blocked; when farmland tail water with impurities such as sludge or plant residues flows to the adsorption interception area 32 through the water permeable holes 3111 of the inclined plate frame 311, part of impurities with higher density are precipitated when passing through the inclined plate frame 311, and part of impurities with lower density are intercepted by the A fine grid intercepting net and finally slide to the sludge containing box 312; after the sludge storage box is used for a period of time, the coarse grid intercepting screen cover 310 can be opened, sundries in the sludge storage box 312 are poured out, and the sludge storage box is used continuously; the sludge baffle 5 is used for preventing the sludge in the drainage ditch from sliding into the ecological purifier through the fine grid intercepting net cover 330 under the pushing of water flow to cause the blockage of the purifier and influence the purification effect.
Placing sufficient volcanic rock or activated carbon as an adsorption interception material 322 in the adsorption interception area 32, and covering and sealing the top of the adsorption interception area by using a sealed plastic cover plate 320; after the use for a period of time, can open airtight plastic cover plate 320, utilize the absorption entrapment area to hold the handle 8 at case 321 border, hold case 321 with the absorption entrapment area and propose ecological clarifier to with adsorbing the entrapment material clean up, resource reuse.
The ecological purification area 33 covers the water outlet with a fine grid intercepting net cover 330, after a period of use, the closed plastic cover plate 330 can be opened, and the handle 8 at the edge of the ecological purification area accommodating box 331 is utilized to lift the ecological purification area accommodating box 331 out so as to replace the biological filler balls 332.
In the water withdrawal period, the fixing rod 44 is arranged in the fixing groove 42 positioned below, and the water baffle 41 in the sliding groove 43 slides downwards and is inserted into the clamping groove 34; because the water baffle plate 41 is not used for blocking, the irrigation farmland water drainage can be quickly drained in the drainage ditch, and the irrigation farmland water drainage efficiency cannot be influenced; in addition, because the breakwater 41 is inserted into the clamping groove, the ecological purifier is blocked, so that the blockage of the ecological purifier caused by the too high water-removing speed of the farmland in the water-removing period is avoided. In the non-water-withdrawal period, the fixing rod 44 is arranged in the fixing groove 42 positioned above, and the water baffle plate 41 in the sliding groove 43 slides upwards and forms a water blocking structure with the ecological purifier; because the separation of breakwater 41, the farmland is moved back water and can't be directly discharged from the escape canal, rivers can flow into ecological purifier through the water inlet of ecological purifier's sedimentation zone 31 to flow through sedimentation zone 31, adsorb and hold back district 32, ecological purification district 33 in proper order, the tail water after the purification will pass through the outlet of ecological purification district 33 department and discharge into the farmland escape canal again, accomplish the quality of water purification process that the farmland was moved back water.
The subsurface-flow type ecological purifier for the farmland drainage ditch can effectively reduce the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the farmland drainage ditch, has no requirement on the water level of the farmland drainage ditch, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological purifier for a subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch is characterized by comprising a precipitation zone (31), an adsorption interception zone (32) and an ecological purification zone (33), wherein one side of the adsorption interception zone (32) is connected with the precipitation zone (31), the other side of the adsorption interception zone (32) is connected with the ecological purification zone (33), a clamping groove (34) is arranged between the adsorption interception zone (32) and the ecological purification zone (33), and a water gate (4) is arranged in the clamping groove (34); the sedimentation zone (31) comprises a coarse grid intercepting screen cover (310), an inclined plate frame (311), a sludge containing box (312) and a sludge baffle (5); wherein the sludge containing box (312) is arranged at the bottom of the settling zone (31) and has an L-shaped structure; the inclined plate frame (311) is placed on the upper side of the bottom of the sludge containing box (312), the coarse grid intercepting screen cover (310) is installed on the top of the settling zone (31), the surface of the coarse grid intercepting screen cover is provided with a coarse grid intercepting screen with meshes of regular triangles with the side length of 1 cm, the coarse grid intercepting screen is made of fine stainless steel wires, and two sides of the coarse grid intercepting screen are respectively provided with 1 handle (7); the sludge baffle (5) is arranged at the top of the side edge of the settling zone (31) facing to the water flow direction and extends outwards in an inclined mode.
2. The submerged ecological purifier for farmland drainage ditches as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inclined plate rack (311) comprises inclined plate rack water permeable holes (3111), inclined plates (3112) and inclined plate feet (3113), wherein 2 inclined plate feet (3113) are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the inclined plate rack (311), 5 inclined plates (3112) are equidistantly arranged on the side surface of the inclined plate rack (311) from top to bottom, the width of each inclined plate (3112) is the same as that of the inclined plate rack (311), and the length of each inclined plate (3112) is sequentially changed from short to long from top to bottom to form a stepped structure; 1 rectangular water permeable holes (3111) are arranged below the joint of each inclined plate (3112) and the inclined plate frame (311).
3. The ecological clarifier in claim 1, wherein the adsorption-retention area (32) comprises a closed plastic cover plate (320), an adsorption-retention area accommodating box (321), and an adsorption-retention material (322); wherein the closed plastic cover plate (320) is arranged at the top of the adsorption interception area (32), and the center of the upper surface of the closed plastic cover plate is provided with 1 handle (7); an adsorption-rejection-zone accommodating box (321) is disposed inside the adsorption-rejection zone (32), and the inside thereof is filled with an adsorption-rejection material (322).
4. The ecological purifier of the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper part of the adsorption and interception area containing box (321) is of an open structure, the tops of two opposite side surfaces of the adsorption and interception area containing box are provided with 1 pair of handles (8), and the rest box surfaces are of a closed structure; the side surface of the adsorption and interception area accommodating box (321) close to the settling area (31) is provided with a fine grid intercepting net A, namely a water inlet of the ecological purifier; the side surface close to the ecological purification area (33) is provided with a B fine grid intercepting net which is made of fine stainless steel wires, the net holes are regular triangles with side length of 0.5 cm, and the area of the A fine grid intercepting net is twice of that of the B fine grid intercepting net.
5. The submerged ecological purifier for farmland drainage ditches as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological purification area (33) comprises a fine grid intercepting net cover (330), an ecological purification area accommodating box (331), biological filler balls (332); wherein the fine grid intercepting net cover (330) is arranged at the top of the ecological purification area (33), one side of the upper surface of the fine grid intercepting net cover is provided with a piece of fine grid intercepting net, namely a water outlet of the ecological purifier, the other side of the fine grid intercepting net cover is provided with 1 pair of handles (7), the fine grid intercepting net is made of fine stainless steel wires, and the meshes are regular triangles with side lengths of 0.5 cm; the ecological purification area accommodating box (331) is arranged inside the ecological purification area (33), and a plurality of biological filler balls (332) are filled inside the ecological purification area accommodating box.
6. The ecological purifier of the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch according to claim 5, characterized in that the ecological purifying area accommodating box (331) is made of engineering plastics, the upper part of the ecological purifying area accommodating box is made of the engineering plastics, the ecological purifying area accommodating box is of an open structure, the tops of two opposite side surfaces of the ecological purifying area accommodating box are provided with 1 pair of handles (8), and the rest box surfaces are of a closed structure; the side surface of the ecological purification area accommodating box (331) close to the adsorption and interception area (32) is provided with a C fine grid intercepting net (3311) which is made of fine stainless steel wires, and the net holes are regular triangles with side length of 0.5 cm.
7. The submerged ecological purifier for farmland drainage ditches as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sluice (4) comprises a water baffle (41), a fixed groove (42), a sliding chute (43), a fixed rod (44) and a fixed rope (45), wherein the sliding chute (43) is formed by 1 pair of concave metal strips with the same length, the bottoms of the concave metal strips are communicated, and the whole width of the concave metal strips is the same as the width of the submerged ecological purifier for farmland drainage ditches; the water baffle (41) is arranged in the chute (43) and is connected with the fixed rod (44) through a fixed rope (45), and the size of the water baffle (41) is equivalent to the size of the cross section of the box body of the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier; the upper portion of spout (43) is equipped with 2 pairs of horizontal fixed slots (42) for place dead lever (44), 2 correspond the position of breakwater (41) when the stage sluice is closed to the stage sluice that anhydrates respectively to fixed slot (42), and when the stage sluice is opened to non-stage sluice.
8. The submerged ecological purifier for farmland drainage ditches as claimed in claim 1, wherein the settling zone (31), the adsorption and retention zone (32) and the ecological purification zone (33) are provided with 1 pair of lock catches (6) at the top of two opposite side surfaces parallel to the water flow direction, and the lock catches are respectively used for fixing the coarse grid intercepting net cover (310), the closed plastic cover plate (320) and the fine grid intercepting net cover (330).
9. The subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier according to claim 1, wherein, in actual use, a plurality of cuboid soil pits are dug downwards at the bottom of the farmland drainage ditch, and the subsurface flow type farmland drainage ditch ecological purifiers are sequentially arranged in the farmland drainage ditch, so that the arrangement position is positioned below the bottom elevation of the drainage ditch, and the top cover plate is flush with the bottom surface of the drainage ditch;
when the farmland tail water sedimentation zone (31) with the sludge or the plant residue sundries is used for intercepting the larger plant residue sundries, the purifier is prevented from being blocked; when farmland tail water with sludge or plant residue impurities flows to the adsorption and interception area (32) through the water permeable holes (3111) of the inclined plate frame (311), part of impurities with higher density can be precipitated when passing through the inclined plate frame (311), and part of impurities with lower density can be intercepted by the A fine grid intercepting net and finally slide to the sludge containing box (312); after the sludge storage box is used for a period of time, the coarse grid intercepting screen cover (310) can be opened, sundries in the sludge storage box (312) are poured out, and the sludge storage box is continuously used; the sludge baffle (5) is used for preventing the sludge in the drainage ditch from sliding into the ecological purifier through the fine grid intercepting net cover (330) under the pushing of water flow to cause the blockage of the purifier and influence the purification effect;
placing enough volcanic rock or active carbon as an adsorption interception material (322) in an adsorption interception area (32), and covering and sealing the top of the adsorption interception area by using a closed plastic cover plate (320); after the ecological purifier is used for a period of time, the closed plastic cover plate (320) can be opened, the adsorption entrapment area containing box (321) is lifted out of the ecological purifier by utilizing the handle (8) at the edge of the adsorption entrapment area containing box (321), so that adsorption entrapment materials can be cleaned up, and resources can be recycled; the ecological purification area (33) covers the water outlet with a fine grid interception net cover (330), after the ecological purification area is used for a period of time, the closed plastic cover plate 330 can be opened, and the handle (8) at the edge of the containing box (331) of the ecological purification area is utilized to lift the containing box (331) of the ecological purification area so as to replace the biological stuffing balls (332);
during the water withdrawal period, the fixing rod (44) is arranged in the fixing groove (42) positioned below, and the water baffle (41) in the sliding groove (43) slides downwards and is inserted into the clamping groove (34); because the water baffle (41) is not used for blocking, the water of the farmland in the irrigation area can be rapidly discharged in the drainage ditch, and the water discharging efficiency of the irrigation area cannot be influenced; in addition, the water baffle (41) is inserted into the clamping groove, so that a blocking effect is exerted on the ecological purifier, and the blockage of the ecological purifier caused by the excessively high water-removing speed of the farmland in the water-removing period is avoided;
in the non-water-withdrawal period, the fixed rod (44) is arranged in the fixed groove (42) positioned above, and the water baffle (41) in the sliding groove (43) slides upwards and forms a water blocking structure with the ecological purifier; because the separation of breakwater (41), the direct discharge of escape canal can't be followed in the farmland is retired, rivers can flow into ecological purifier through the water inlet in ecological purifier's sedimentation zone (31) to flow through sedimentation zone (31) in proper order, adsorb and hold back district (32), ecological purification district (33), the tail water after the purification will discharge into the farmland escape canal again through the outlet of ecological purification district (33) department, accomplish the quality of water purification process that the farmland was retired.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114557160B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2023-09-05 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | South paddy field nitrogen and phosphorus loss prevention and control equipment |
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