CN106365360A - Method for treating bicarbonate saline-alkali water into water for aquaculture - Google Patents

Method for treating bicarbonate saline-alkali water into water for aquaculture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106365360A
CN106365360A CN201611020614.1A CN201611020614A CN106365360A CN 106365360 A CN106365360 A CN 106365360A CN 201611020614 A CN201611020614 A CN 201611020614A CN 106365360 A CN106365360 A CN 106365360A
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water
saline
acid
alkali
calcium
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王霂生
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • C02F1/583—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds by removing fluoride or fluorine compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating bicarbonate saline-alkali water into water for aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps: removing bicarbonate ions and carbanions by adopting quicklime or slaked lime, wherein the molar concentration of used lime is 0.5 to 1.2 times that of the bicarbonate ions; adjusting a pH value to be 7.2 to 8.5 with an acid solution; then adding trace elements including 20 to 30g/m<3> of potassium chloride, 40 to 50 g/m<3> of calcium chloride, 300 to 350g/m<3> of magnesium chloride, 4 to 5g/m<3> of potassium bromide, 0.5 to 0.8g/m<3> of strontium dichloride, 1.8 to 2.0g/m<3> of boric acid and 0.02 to 0.03g/m<3> of calcium phosphate. The method can be used for cultivating various freshwater fishes, shrimps, crabs as well as mariculture animals resisting low salinity.

Description

The method that heavy carbonate saline-alkali water is treated as water used for aquiculture
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture water technology, specifically a kind of heavy carbonate saline-alkali water is treated as water used for aquiculture Method.
Background technology
China is aquaculture big country, and aquaculture produces measurer first place in the world per year, but in recent years because industrialization is sent out rapidly Exhibition, occupies substantial amounts of fishery land used, leads to culture zone scale to be reduced year by year, and cultivation ground price rises, and constrains fishery and sends out Exhibition.And China is salt-soda soil big country, salt-soda soil is distributed in northwest, northeast, North China and coastal region in 17 interior provinces and regions, saline and alkaline The salt-soda soil gross area in wasteland and impact arable land is more than 500,000,000 mu.Carry out aquaculture in salt-soda soil, be not take up farmland and existing The supply of domestic aquatic products in the case of culture resources, can not only be increased, also achieve the effective exploitation profit to saline-alkali wasteland With alleviating the nervous situation of inshore fishing land used.
Salt-soda soil is divided into strand salting area, Plain of Huanghua Area salting area, desert and desert steppe salting area, grassland salting area four Individual big type.The formation in China salt-soda soil, most of relevant with the accumulation of heavy carbonate in soil, basicity is generally higher.Salt Because the heavy carbonate of contained salt inside soil and high concentration has influence on the normal growth of crop in alkali ground, thus cannot function as The arable land of agricultural uses.Equally, if directly aquaculture is carried out using saline-alkali water, because too high basicity can be to cultivated animals Produce and poison, thus be also unsuitable for carrying out aquaculture.
Substantial amounts of sodium ion and calcium ion is also contained in the water of varieties in saline-alkali areas, and potassium ion, magnesium ion and strontium ion content Deficiency, leads to interionic proportional imbalance, the homergy of impact cultivated animals, causes decreased growth and Immunoresistance low, Impact survival rate.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that heavy carbonate saline-alkali water is treated as water used for aquiculture, application should Item technology can realize removing heavy carbonate saline-alkali water middle and high concentration bicarbonate ion, simultaneously a certain amount of micro by adding Element, balances water body intermediate ion composition, makes cultivation water meet aquatic animal growth demand.
A kind of heavy carbonate saline-alkali water is treated as the method for water used for aquiculture it is characterised in that saline and alkaline in heavy carbonate In water, remove bicarbonate ion and carbanion by the way of throwing in quick lime or Calx, aeration simultaneously stirs water body 6-12 hour stands 12 hours again, and the molar concentration of Calx used is 0.5 of bicarbonate radical molar concentration in water used for aquiculture ～1.2 times；
In heavy carbonate saline-alkali water, bicarbonate radical can be ionized into carbonate and hydrion, and carbonate is easily and calcium binding shape Become precipitation of calcium carbonate, supplement certain density Calx (calcium hydroxide ca (oh) therefore in heavy carbonate water body2) or directly Using quick lime (quick lime and water react generation Calx), calcium hydroxide and then react with bicarbonate radical, form Calcium Carbonate heavy Form sediment；
After bicarbonate radical and enough calcium ions of high concentration react formation precipitation of calcium carbonate and water quality becomes clear, shift supernatant Liquid is then removed to other neutralization pond, the bicarbonate radical in water body, and adds mineral acid (example hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid) in saline-alkali water Or the acid solution such as organic acid (acetic acid or citric acid), neutralize alkaline matter therein, make the ph of water body reach 7.2～8.5 it Between, that is, complete the removal of bicarbonate radical and improvement in water body, the total alkalinity of water body is reduced.If in high-fluorine water domain, interpolation Calcium ion also can form calcium fluoride precipitate with fluorion, reduces the effect of fluorinion concentration.
The water that above-mentioned process is completed adds addition potassium chloride 20-30g/m3, calcium chloride 40-50 g/m3, magnesium chloride 300- 350 g/m3, potassium bromide 4-5 g/m3, SrCl2 0.5-0.8 g/m3, boric acid 1.8-2.0 g/m3, calcium phosphate 0.02-0.03 g/m3, balance the various ion concentrations in saline-alkali water, be allowed to meet the demand to ion for the cultivated animals.
By research, the present invention finds that in saline-alkali water, the restriction successful principal element of aquaculture is too high basicity and many Plant interionic and there is imbalance, and multiple aquatic animal has certain adaptability to salinity, so reducing in water quality Total alkalinity, the composition of the crucial ion of balance is the important step that improvement saline-alkali water is used for aquaculture.Application is the present invention can drop Total alkalinity in low heavy carbonate water body is so as to meet cultivated animals growth demand；In high fluorion waters area, the present invention can To remove the fluorion in water body, reduce fluorinion concentration；Breeding water body is while lime treatment, also real to breeding water body Apply sterilization, reduce the generation of the farming disease harms；The popularization and application of the technology can promote the exploitation in inland salt-soda soil, carries High China aquaculture area, increases the output of aquatic products.
Specific embodiment
By following examples, the present invention will be further described
Embodiment 1
The application present invention carries out Rofe fish culture
1 materials and methods
1.1 saline and alkaline method for treating water
Inland saline-alkali water: total alkalinity 650mg/l, salinity 2.2, ph8.8,28 DEG C of water temperature.
Saline and alkaline method for treating water: take saline and alkaline water gaging to learn bicarbonate concentration 9.84mmol/l therein, plus quick lime Concentration 4.92mmol/l(consumption is 0.5 times of bicarbonate radical molar concentration), mix aeration 6 hours, stand 12 hours afterwards, plus lemon Lemon acid neutralization alkalescence, to ph7.2.Add afterwards plus potassium chloride 20g/m3, calcium chloride 40 g/m3, magnesium chloride 300 g/m3, bromination Potassium 4 g/m3, SrCl2 0.5 g/m3, boric acid 1.8 g/m3, calcium phosphate 0.02 g/m3And fully mix standby.
1.2 put Seedling and aquaculture management
Experimental group is treated saline-alkali water, and matched group is the saline-alkali water of before processing, and each group setting 3 is parallel, uses area 20m2, 6 culturing pool cultivating tilapias of depth 1.2m, each pond puts 100 tails, Rofe fry average weight (4.0 ± 0.2) in a suitable place to breed g.During cultivation, feed artificial grain's bait, experimental group is identical with matched group feeding volume and quantity of exchanged water.Day quantity of exchanged water during cultivation For 20%, culture experiment carries out 50d.
1.3 water quality index measure
During cultivation, change of water quality in periodic detection culturing pool, predominantly detect index and include: salinity, ph, temperature, dissolved oxygen, Using the detection of ysi556 multi-parameter water quality analyzer, total alkalinity adopts acid-base titration.
1.4 Growth Op Tilapias and survival rate parameter
1.4.1 tilapia body weight, survival rate measure
Experiment terminates, and measures tilapia average weight, counts amount of survival；Calculate rate of body weight gain and survival rate.
1.5 data statistical approach
Each Testing index all takes 3 parallel meansigma methodss, carries out significance difference analysis to experimental result.
2 experimental results
2.1 water quality index situations of change
During cultivation, experiment pool is identical with the Changing Pattern of comparison pond temperature, dissolved oxygen, and amplitude of variation is consistent, and statistical analysiss show In the different detection periods, between each group, there is no significant difference.And the ph between experimental group and matched group and total alkalinity differ greatly: Experimental group ph maintains between 7.2～7.0 during cultivating, and matched group ph maintains between 8.8～8.6 during cultivating； Experimental group total alkalinity between 182mg/l～230mg/l, average 206mg/l, and the total alkalinity of matched group 650mg/l～ Between 542mg/l, average 596mg/l is it is seen that the total alkalinity of experimental group is substantially less than matched group.
2.2 cultivation terminate tilapia body weight, survival rate
After cultivating tilapia 50d, the fish body weight of measurement experimental group and matched group, the survival rate of statistics each group, the results are shown in Table 1.Can Know that experimental group tilapia average weight is that (21.3 ± 1.2) g is noticeably greater than matched group (16.5 ± 1.6) g, the survival of experimental group Rate is 100% also significantly greater than matched group (15.0 ± 2.0) %.Show saline-alkali water after treatment, tilapia can be significantly improved Cultivation survival rate and the speed of growth.
Table 1. tilapia average weight and survival rate
Project Experimental group Matched group Significant difference type compares
Average weight (g) 21.3±1.2 16.5±1.6 Significant difference (p< 0.05)
Survival rate (%) 100 15.0±2.0 Significant difference (p< 0.05)
Embodiment 2
The application present invention carries out vannamei boone cultivation
1 materials and methods
1.1 saline and alkaline method for treating water
Inland saline-alkali water: total alkalinity 1100mg/l, salinity 2.3, ph9.8,29 DEG C of water temperature.
Saline and alkaline method for treating water: take saline and alkaline water gaging to learn bicarbonate concentration 17.84mmol/l therein, plus quick lime Concentration 21.4mmol/l(consumption is 1.2 times of bicarbonate radical molar concentrations), mix aeration 6 hours, stand 12 hours afterwards, salt adding Acid neutralization alkalescence, to ph8.3.Add afterwards plus potassium chloride 30g/m3, calcium chloride 50 g/m3, magnesium chloride 350 g/m3, potassium bromide 5 g/m3, SrCl2 0.8 g/m3, boric acid 2.0 g/m3, calcium phosphate 0.03 g/m3
1.2 put Seedling and aquaculture management
Experimental group is treated saline-alkali water, and matched group is the saline-alkali water of before processing, and each group setting 3 is parallel, uses area 2m2, 6 pool cultivated Litopenaeus vannamei of cultivation of depth 1.0m, 200 tails are put in each pond in a suitable place to breed, Litopenaeus vannamei average body length (5.0 ±0.2)cm.During cultivation, feed artificial grain's bait, experimental group is identical with matched group feeding volume and quantity of exchanged water.During cultivation Day, quantity of exchanged water was 30%, and culture experiment carries out 30d.
1.3 water quality index measure
During cultivation, change of water quality in periodic detection culturing pool, predominantly detect index and include: salinity, ph, temperature, dissolved oxygen, Using the detection of ysi556 multi-parameter water quality analyzer, total alkalinity adopts acid-base titration.
1.4 Growth of Litopenaeus vannameis and survival rate parameter
1.4.1 Litopenaeus vannamei body weight, survival rate measure
Experiment terminates, and measures Litopenaeus vannamei average weight, counts amount of survival；Calculate rate of body weight gain and survival rate.
1.5 data statistical approach
Each Testing index all takes 3 parallel meansigma methodss, carries out significance difference analysis to experimental result.
2 experimental results
2.1 water quality index situations of change
During cultivation, experiment pool is identical with the Changing Pattern of comparison pond temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and amplitude of variation is consistent, statistical Analysis is shown in the different detection periods, does not have significant difference between each group.And the ph between experimental group and matched group and total alkalinity are poor Different larger: experimental group ph maintains between 8.3～8.0 during cultivating, and matched group ph maintain 9.8 during cultivating～ 9.5 between；Experimental group total alkalinity between 182mg/l～205mg/l, average 193.5mg/l, and the total alkalinity of matched group Between 1004mg/l～1100mg/l, average 1052mg/l is it is seen that the total alkalinity of experimental group is substantially less than matched group.
2.2 cultivation terminate Litopenaeus vannamei body length, survival rate
After cultivation Litopenaeus vannamei 30d, measurement experimental group is long with the body of the prawn of matched group, the survival rate of statistics each group, result It is shown in Table 1.Understand the average body of experimental group Litopenaeus vannamei a length of (8.5 ± 1.2) cm, noticeably greater than matched group (6.5 ± 1.6) cm, Survival rate (98 ± 1) % of experimental group is also significantly greater than matched group (14.0 ± 2.0) %.Show that saline-alkali water after treatment, can Significantly improve cultivation survival rate and the speed of growth of Litopenaeus vannamei.
Table 2. Litopenaeus vannamei average body length and survival rate
Project Experimental group Matched group Significant difference type compares
Litopenaeus vannamei average body length (cm) 8.5±1.2 6.5±1.6 Significant difference (p< 0.05)
Survival rate (%) 98±1 14.0±2.0 Significant difference (p< 0.05)

Claims (4)

1. the method that heavy carbonate saline-alkali water is treated as water used for aquiculture, is characterized in that, in heavy carbonate saline-alkali water, adopting Remove bicarbonate ion and carbanion with the mode throwing in quick lime or Calx, the molar concentration of Calx used is water Produce bicarbonate radical molar concentration in breeding water 0.5～1.2 times；Sink when bicarbonate radical and calcium ion react formation Calcium Carbonate Behind shallow lake and water quality change clearly, to other neutralization pond, the bicarbonate radical in water body is then removed transfer supernatant, removes supernatant Body, and add mineral acid or organic acid soln in saline-alkali water, adjusts ph value to 7.2～8.5 with acid solution, so that water body Total alkalinity be reduced；Backward water body in add various ion concentrations in Equilibrium of Trace Elements saline-alkali water, be allowed to meet Animal physiological demand.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described acid solution is hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid or acetic acid or Fructus Citri Limoniae Acid.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that added trace element includes potassium chloride 20-30g/m3, chlorine Change calcium 40-50 g/m3, magnesium chloride 300-350 g/m3, potassium bromide 4-5 g/m3, SrCl2 0.5-0.8 g/m3, boric acid 1.8-2.0 g/m3, calcium phosphate 0.02-0.03 g/m3.
4. the method described in claim 1 is to carry out the application of water process in fish, shrimp, Eriocheir sinensiss cultivation.
CN201611020614.1A 2016-11-21 2016-11-21 Method for treating bicarbonate saline-alkali water into water for aquaculture Pending CN106365360A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110426510A (en) * 2019-07-23 2019-11-08 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 A kind of evaluation method of bony fish alkaline resistance properties
CN111704285A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-25 海南大学 Method for reducing residual chlorine in water for cultivation
WO2024091469A1 (en) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Cameron International Corporation Bicarbonate removal from monoethylene glycol-water streams

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WO2014089228A2 (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 Water & Power Technologies, Llc Water treatment process for high salinity produced water
CN103283641A (en) * 2013-03-09 2013-09-11 盐城工学院 High-yield cultivation method of carassius auratus gibelio in coastal saline-alkaline water pond
CN104756903A (en) * 2015-02-09 2015-07-08 莆田市汇丰食品工业有限公司 Intensified high-efficient cultivating method of prawns

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110426510A (en) * 2019-07-23 2019-11-08 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 A kind of evaluation method of bony fish alkaline resistance properties
CN110426510B (en) * 2019-07-23 2022-09-16 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Method for evaluating alkali resistance of teleost
CN111704285A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-25 海南大学 Method for reducing residual chlorine in water for cultivation
WO2024091469A1 (en) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02 Cameron International Corporation Bicarbonate removal from monoethylene glycol-water streams

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