CN106356887A - Distributed energy resource grid-connected and reactive compensation composite control system based on three levels - Google Patents

Distributed energy resource grid-connected and reactive compensation composite control system based on three levels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106356887A
CN106356887A CN201610850547.XA CN201610850547A CN106356887A CN 106356887 A CN106356887 A CN 106356887A CN 201610850547 A CN201610850547 A CN 201610850547A CN 106356887 A CN106356887 A CN 106356887A
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China
Prior art keywords
grid
current
reactive
module
control system
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CN201610850547.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯文俊
胡海敏
徐刚
金琪
李佳文
杨振睿
冯璇
何正宇
施俊
尤智文
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610850547.XA priority Critical patent/CN106356887A/en
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    • H02J3/383
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1842Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed energy resource grid-connected and reactive compensation composite control system based on three levels. The distributed energy resource grid-connected and reactive compensation composite control system comprises a controller, a three-level IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) converter, a direct-current bus capacitor and a filtering circuit, wherein the controller comprises a sampling module, a main control digital signal processor module and a PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) isolation driving module; the sampling module is used for converting an acquired network voltage signal, a load current signal, an IGBT converter output current signal and a voltage signal of the direct-current bus capacitor into digital signal information, transmitting the digital signal information to the main control digital signal processor module, calculating reactive current and grid-connection power of the system, comparing the reactive current and grid-connection power of the system with set target values, sending a switching control command to the three-level IGBT converter through the PWM isolation driving module, and controlling outputs of grid-connection current and compensation current of each phase. The outputs of grid-connection current and compensation current of each phase of the system are controlled, so that a distributed energy resource access device can be applied to a regional power grid more intelligently; the distributed energy source grid-connection and reactive compensation composite control system has the characteristic of high grid-connection efficiency.

Description

Distributed energy based on three level is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed energy grid-connection control system, particularly to a kind of distributed energy based on three level Source is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, belongs to electrical network cutting-in control field.
Background technology
Continue with World Economics, the development of high speed, countries in the world increasing to the demand of fossil energy so that changing The consumption drastically of the stone energy, additionally, the large-scale development of fossil energy and using affecting global climate, and cause acid rain, temperature The series of environmental problems such as room effect, depletion of the ozone layer.Research and practice have shown that, solar energy is inexhaustible, and Cleaning is harmless, is to solve world energy sources crisis and the most reliable and effective green energy resource of environmental pollution.It was predicted that as too The photovoltaic power generation technology of the sun energy main approach of the utilization of resources will develop rapidly within coming few decades, send out to end of this century photovoltaic Electric total amount will account for more than the 60% of global power supply.Wherein, the installation of grid-connected photovoltaic system accounts for whole photovoltaic systems More than the 90% of system installation, the free from controversy development trend becoming field of photovoltaic power generation.But, photovoltaic generation is exerted oneself by sky Gas change impact has intermittent and probabilistic feature so that the utilization rate of photovoltaic combining inverter is only 20% about, And frequently switching also can make grid stability decline, and brings various disturbances to power distribution network, affects the quality of power supply.
Under the traditional energy shortage situation increasingly serious with problem of environmental pollution, the research and development of new forms of energy obtain Extensive concern both domestic and external.Solar energy with its inexhaustible, nexhaustible advantage become the most potential new forms of energy it One.Meanwhile, the distributed power source with new forms of energy such as photovoltaic generations as representative just gradually from autonomous system towards large-scale grid connection direction Development.
Since the seventies in last century, Power Electronic Technique is developed rapidly, various electronic electric equipment extensive It is increasing that application leads to electrical network to produce the phenomenons such as harmonic wave, voltage pulsation, flickering and three-phase imbalance.These power quality problems The safe and stable of electricity supply and use equipment and economical operation are had a strong impact on.Additionally, the distributed generation technology with regenerative resource Greatly develop, solar energy, wind energy, fuel cell distributed new forms of energy grid-connected, lead to the unstable further of electrical network.But The precision equipment of user's use, the requirement more and more higher to electrical network for the household electrical appliance, serious electric pollution and high-quality electric energy matter The demand increasingly contradiction of amount.
With photovoltaic solar, the grid-connected application of large area of the various energy storage device such as wind energy, conventional distributed energy is grid-connected Electricity generation system is provided only to electric network active electric energy in general, and the reactive energy loading typically is provided by electrical network or by special Reactive-load compensation equipment provides.Current solar grid-connected, wind power grid, electric motor car v2g are grid-connected is all active power Send into electrical network, and the reactive power within regional power grid, power factor of whole region power distribution network etc. do not carried out with any control, So the reactive loss on circuit yet suffers from, and is also consumed by capacity of trunk.
Photovoltaic generation global new energy development using in occupy critical role, it is also gradually increasing to the permeability of electrical network Greatly.Grid-connected photovoltaic system is provided only to electric network active electric energy in general, will photovoltaic array direct current Electric energy is converted to and is fed to electrical network with electrical network with the AC energy of frequency homophase, and ensures that it has higher power factor.And bear The reactive energy carrying typically is provided by electrical network or is provided the reactive-load compensation equipment tool although special by special reactive-load compensation equipment There are good compensation characteristic and effect, but this also can increase extra construction cost.
One kind that photovoltaic parallel in system generates electricity as micro-capacitance sensor, the unidirectional current that solar battery group is produced is through grid-connected inverse After becoming the alternating current that device is converted into meeting grid requirements, it is directly entered public electric wire net.A small amount of introducing photovoltaic generating module is to electricity Net will not have an impact, but large-scale application is very likely destroyed system stability and causes the quality of power supply to deteriorate.Photovoltaic generation is subject to Environmental effect is very big, and when weather changes, electricity generation system output occurs quickly acute variation, maximum change Rate is more than 10% nominal output/second.The change of generated output will lead to output voltage larger fluctuation, and areal because Environmental change is unanimously subject to bigger affecting by leading to generate electricity.
Traditional grid-connected photovoltaic system includes this several part of photovoltaic array, combining inverter and electrical network.Wherein, photovoltaic Array is solar energy collecting and converting means, and its effect is to absorb the luminous energy of solar radiation and convert thereof into unidirectional current, grid-connected Inverter is the interface arrangement of whole grid-connected photovoltaic system, and its effect is by converting direct-current power into alternating-current power and to access electricity Net.Photovoltaic generating system can only provide active power to electrical network, be not provided that reactive power, and active power is highly prone to the sun Light has jurisdiction over the impact of the external environments such as degree of penetrating, ambient temperature, and power swing is big, is a kind of unstable energy of interruption, can be right Electrical network produces impact.And reactive compensation system only provides idle compensation to electrical network.Both have the disadvantage in that cost relatively Height, single function, utilization rate is low.
Current grid-connection device at full capacity or half rated load work time all considerably less, or even quite a few when Between do not work, but equipment be but according to peak capacity design, cause the service efficiency of equipment low.In addition, for distributed The access of the energy, requires to the active output of grid-connection device, the clear and definite standard of idle output neither one in access point, leads to area The quality of power supply in domain can not reach a state comparing optimization.
In the case of grid-connected photovoltaic system DC side is fitted without energy-storage travelling wave tube, when intensity of illumination is very low or night no During illumination, system will be stopped power supply, and photovoltaic parallel in system must be disconnected with electrical network in the meantime, is in idle state;Only work as light Could be again grid-connected when reaching to a certain degree according to intensity.In the case that day alternates with night daily, photovoltaic parallel in system repeatedly with electricity Net is connected and disconnected from, and this makes a big impact to photovoltaic system service life and reduces system availability.
With the rapid growth of China's economy, the capacity of power distribution network sharply increases, the distribution line of below each department lokv Provide the 50% about of the total delivery in area, but, China's major part power distribution network operates in natural power factor for a long time Below.Reactive capability is not enough and responds the problem being slowly exist for a long time in China's distribution, all can cause huge loss every year. Reactive-load compensation is most important for the safety and economic operation of power distribution network, and power distribution network is directly connected with load, distribution network line and Load consumed reactive power must be balanced, otherwise can affect voltage operation level.
Content of the invention
The distributed energy based on three level for the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system discloses new scheme, By real-time measurement system current conditions, by the component size that corresponding Algorithm Analysis system is active and idle, by with set Fixed regulation desired value compares, and controls the switch of igbt, thus control system output that is respectively mutually grid-connected and compensating electric current, finally makes System exports maximum grid-connected power under active preferential pattern, the first idle electricity of compensation system under the idle preferential pattern in region Stream, provides the active and reactive-load compensation of system under regional balance pattern, solves the one-tenth of existing distributed grid-connected control system This higher, single function, the low problem of utilization rate.
The distributed energy based on three level for the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system includes controller, three electricity Flat igbt current transformer, dc-link capacitance, filter circuit, dc-link capacitance is located at the input of three level igbt current transformers, Filter circuit is located at the outfan of three level igbt current transformers, and controller includes sampling module, master control digital signal processor mould Block, pwm isolation drive module, the mains voltage signal collecting, load current signal, three level igbt are become by sampling module The output current signal of stream device, the voltage signal of dc-link capacitance are converted into digital signal information and send master control digital signal to Processor module, master control digital signal processor module according to the digital signal information receiving obtain system reactive current and Net power, the knot that master control digital signal processor module is compared with the regulation desired value setting according to reactive current, grid-connected power Fruit passes through pwm isolation drive module and sends switching control instructions to three level igbt current transformers, and igbt current transformer is according to receiving Switching control instruction controls each phase grid-connected current, compensates the output of electric current, and control system is defeated under the preferential pattern of active output Go out maximum grid-connected power, control system preferential compensating reactive power electric current under the preferential pattern of the idle output in region, control system exists Active, reactive-load compensation is exported under regional balance output mode.
Further, the master control digital signal processor module of this programme includes dsp chip, cpld chip, and dsp chip completes Sampled signal processes, controls calculating, the operation of pwm signal output, and cpld chip completes the logic processing operations of digital signal.
Further, the sampling module of this programme includes network voltage detection module, load current detection module, three level Igbt output current of converter detection module, dc-link capacitance voltage detection module, ad sampling A/D chip, network voltage detection mould Block sends ad sampling A/D chip to nurse one's health mains voltage signal by discharge circuit after, load current detection module is by load current Signal sends ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, three level igbt output current of converter detection modules are electric by three Flat igbt output current of converter signal sends ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, dc-link capacitance voltage is examined Survey after dc-link capacitance voltage signal is nursed one's health by discharge circuit by module and send ad sampling A/D chip to, ad sampling A/D chip will be received The mains voltage signal that arrives, load current signal, three level igbt output current of converter signals, dc-link capacitance voltage letter Number being converted into digital signal information sends master control digital signal processor module to.
Further, the master control digital signal processor module of this programme is entered at row operation according to the digital signal information receiving Reason produces pwm signal, and pwm signal forms after pwm isolation drive resume module after processing through outside amplifying circuit and drives igbt The pwm drive signal of current transformer.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes protection circuit, and protection circuit is according to the dc bus electricity collecting The signal of the overtension holding sends out code to pwm isolation drive module.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes three level igbt current transformer temperature detecting module, three level igbt Current transformer temperature detecting module includes ad chip, and three level igbt current transformer temperature detecting module are according to three level collecting High temperature alarm signal is sent to master control numeral letter by twin wire serial bus communication interfaces by the high temperature signal of igbt current transformer Number processor module, master control digital signal processor module closes pwm according to the high temperature alarm signal receiving by protection circuit Isolation drive module.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes communication module rs485, rs232 and band electric erazable programmable is read-only Memorizer, master control digital signal processor module is communicated with control centre by communication module rs485, rs232, master control numeral letter Number processor module carries out protecting to data, stores by carrying EEPROM.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes phase-locked loop, phase-locked loop include phase discriminator, loop filter, Voltage-controlled oscillator, the difference of the phase information of line voltage and the phase information of the lockin signal of output is exported by phase discriminator To loop filter, the signal of difference filters through loop filter that to enter voltage-controlled oscillator adjustment phase place information after noise straight Consistent with the phase information of line voltage to output phase information.
The distributed energy based on three level for the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is each by control system Output that is mutually grid-connected and compensating electric current, makes what distributed energy access device can be more intelligent to be applied in regional power grid, tool Have the characteristics that grid connection efficiency is high.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this programme control system.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of this programme control system.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the control circuit of this programme control system.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the control flow of this programme control system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Voltage and current sample, the combining inverter of photovoltaic battery array output is generally comprised in grid-connected photovoltaic system Output current sampling, line voltage sampling, converters and control system etc..In three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected electricity generation system Combining inverter, its main circuit typically adopts voltage-type full bridge structure, the master of this structure and conventional active reactive power compensator Circuit is completely the same, and therefore, grid-connected and reactive-load compensation composite control apparatus can be effectively saved equipment investment, and simplified system is tied Structure, and there is excellent reactive-load compensation fast response characteristic, to raising electrical network tip power supply capacity and quality, there is important function. Grid-connected and reactive-load compensation composite control apparatus key technologies are the detection to system power and algorithm design, in order to ensure electrical network Power supply quality, device allows for realizing fast reaction according to system power.The grid-connected and reactive-load compensation of this programme is combined control Device processed mainly passes through real-time measurement system current conditions, big by the active and idle component of corresponding Algorithm Analysis system Little, by comparing with the regulation desired value setting, control the switch of igbt, thus control system is respectively mutually grid-connected and compensates electric current Output, finally makes system export maximum grid-connected power under active preferential pattern, first mends under the idle preferential pattern in region Repay System Reactive Power electric current, the active and reactive-load compensation of system is provided under regional balance pattern.As shown in figure 1, system adopts three Level three-phase diode clamper type inverter, the advantage of this circuit is: as a reference point with n point current potential, due to diode Clamping action, the switching tube of three level is solely subjected to the half of DC bus-bar voltage, if so the electric current quota of switching tube is constant, The DC voltage of three level can be a times of conventional two level three-phase inverters, and output naturally also doubles.
This programme adopts double -loop control mode.Outer ring controller is mainly used in embodying different control purposes, produces simultaneously Internal ring reference signal, common dynamic response is slower.Interior ring controller is substantially carried out fine regulation, for improving inverter output The quality of power supply, common dynamic response is very fast.Combining inverter is with power ring as outer shroud, blunt to the output work of distributed power source Connect and be controlled it is ensured that system can be with constant power output in the case of voltage ripple of power network.With electric current loop as internal ring, in conjunction with voltage Space vector modulation mode, solves the high defect of the traditional switch frequency sample frequency that fixation does not cause, finally realizes high power Factor, invariable power are grid-connected.Combining inverter is the nucleus equipment of grid-connected photovoltaic system, and this programme adopts voltage-type inversion Device, in DC side parallel bulky capacitor, can preferably resist the DC voltage fluctuation being brought by electrical network interference it is adaptable to electrical network is electric The larger occasion of pressure fluctuation.Direct current energy is changed into AC energy input electrical network using inverter by grid-connected system, this Scheme adopts non-scheduling formula grid-connected photovoltaic system.
Reactive power needed for power distribution network typically requires installing reactive power compensator in a power distribution system and sends reactive power To compensate the idle of power distribution network consumption.Power distribution network is carried out with the essential condition that reactive-load compensation is power distribution network safety and economic operation, closes It is tied to the electric energy whether user can obtain safety, high-quality.Distribution network var compensation can be effectively improved the quality of power supply, reduce line Path loss consumption is thus improve the power transmission efficiency of circuit, the ability to transmit electricity of raising circuit, and can also effectively improve electromotor and transformation The exerting oneself of device.The reactive compensation control system of this programme is made up of two parts, and instruction current computing circuit and compensation electric current occur Circuit.Instruction current computing circuit detects the reactive current component in target compensation electric current, compensate current occuring circuit according to The command signal of the compensation electric current that instruction current computing circuit draws, produces actual compensation electric current.This programme is using instantaneous nothing The theoretical detection method detection reactive current of work(.The basic ideas of instantaneous reactive power theory are by abc three-phase system voltage, electricity Circulation changes the vector in α β ο coordinate system into, the dot product of voltage, current phasor is defined as instantaneous active power, by voltage, electric current The cross product of vector is defined as instantaneous reactive power, then again for three-phase, these power invertings is compensated electric current.Instantaneous reactive power The theoretical power definition on the basis of " meansigma methodss " of theoretical breakthrough conventional power, so that the real-time detection of reactive current is become can Energy.The method has preferable real-time for the transient current detection of three-phase balanced system, is conducive to the quick control of system, Preferable compensation effect can be obtained.
Reactive-load compensation inverter topology is basically identical with photovoltaic combining inverter topological structure, from system structure, work( Analysis can be compared respectively with control method three aspect, find that both have many something in common: (1) configuration aspects, svg and light Photovoltaic grid-connected system is identical in the mode of inverter topology and connection electrical network;(2) function aspects, the function of svg is to compensate Idle i.e. to electrical network inject reactive energy, the function of grid-connected photovoltaic system be generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems i.e. to electrical network inject active electricity Can, both inject electrical network in the form of electric current;(3) control method, both ACs broadly fall into current follow-up control, can With using identical current follow-up control mode.For such system, DC side is generally connected to capacitor, DC capacitor voltage It is that energy exchange by system itself and electrical network to maintain, when capacitor DC side voltage exceedes set-point, capacitor passes through To reduce DC voltage to electrical network injection active power, to maintain it stable with this.Therefore, if the control in photovoltaic generating system During system, setting compensates electric current generating function it is possible to realize photovoltaic parallel in system to inject the same of active power to electrical network When, realize the reactive-load compensation to electrical network.
Grid-connected photovoltaic system can inject active power or reactive power to electrical network.When photovoltaic system is with unity power factor control When making grid-connected, if grid-connected point voltage u occurs the change of △ u, there is △ i change in phase induced current i.When photovoltaic active power is exerted oneself During more than certain value, necessarily cause grid entry point voltage out-of-limit, now photovoltaic plant preferably makes full use of the reactive power tune of inverter Energy-conservation power carries out reactive power and voltage-regulation.Inverter reactive power fan-out capability is not only subject to self-capacity and transmission line of electricity Limit, in the case that inverter capacity is sufficiently large, limited by DC voltage.With photovoltaic system active power, idle The increase of power output, inverter output voltage increases.Inverter ac output voltage exceeds its restriction range, now with igbt Antiparallel fly-wheel diode conducting, causes commutation failure, DC side voltage of converter raises, and output current is distorted, and has Fluctuation in work(power, reactive power, therefore, when electrical network needs photovoltaic system to provide larger reactive power to support, should reduce Active power output runs.
In order to realize the optimization design of recombination current, require grid-connected watt current and the System Reactive Power for compensating first Electric current can be respectively controlled, and that is, electric current has multiformity.Recombination current for optimization design is although each phase all may Comprise real component, but this real component is not to consume in inverter bridge, but electrical network is transferred to by inverter.Realize System reactive power compensate and region active power balance, need to know idle component that every phase load each needs and have Work(component.By the vector of symmetrical component method, can obtain beyond the real part (i.e. real component) of forward-order current phasor Current component (includes imaginary part and the negative-sequence current phasor of forward-order current phasor).As shown in figure 4, device detects line voltage and is System electric current, by being calculated reactive-load compensation electric current and load watt current.By pi controller, former according to track with zero error Reason, produces the turn-on and turn-off determining frequency pwm pulsed drive inverter power pipe igbt.This control program can obtain stablizing quick Current control effect, system power factor can also be correspondingly improved simultaneously.
Electric current loop mainly includes following part: the detector unit of grid-connected current and load reactive current, control unit and pwm Pulse distribution unit.Control unit produces modulated signal, and this signal only changes in sampling instant, and before next sampling instant Keep constant, it sends into the switching signal that pulse distribution unit produces igbt, realizes control action.Device adopts phaselocked loop phase place Tracking system, it is ensured that the phase place of output is consistent with input signal with frequency signal, its operation principle is phase discriminator by electrical network The phase information of voltage exports loop filter with the difference of the phase information of lockin signal of output, filters in difference signal Noise, and then enter voltage and control vibrator adjustment phase place information exporting, until last output phase information and electrical network electricity The phase information of pressure is consistent, realizes lock phase.
As shown in Fig. 2 the principle schematic of this programme control system.The major function of the control system of this programme is conditioning Real-time monitoring signal, according to the quick calculating of preset algorithm and finally to power circuit output control signal.In experimental prototype, main The dsp core tms320f28335 of ti company chosen by control digital signal processor, according to the control mode setting, obtains to by sensor Take and the main circuit direct current through analog circuit conditioning, the pressure of AC, current signal are calculated, judged and exported, realize Preset strategy.Control system also need to cpld realize pwm signal logic combination, by rs485 and rs232 realize peripheral communications with And eeprom realizes the functions such as data protection storage.In Fig. 1, electrical network outfan indicates ua、ub、ucFor ac grid voltage, load For three-phase nonlinear load, can consume idle.Multiplex control system is made up of two large divisions, i.e. idle current detecting circuit and benefit Repay current occuring circuit.The pwm current transformer that main circuit is constituted using insulated gate bipolar transistor (igbt), compensates electricity producing During stream, mainly as inverter work.System basic functional principle is exactly the electric current in being loaded by sample detecting electric circuit inspection, Through the reactive current being calculated in load and the grid-connected power of digital signal processor (dsp), then pass through control strategy The mode of operation setting, controls the output of active power and reactive power.The hardware designs of svg mainly include main circuit design and Design on control circuit, control circuit is the important component part of svg, and Fig. 3 gives the svg structural frames of control system hardware circuit Figure, it is mainly made up of following components: dsp control circuit, voltage and current detection circuit, pwm output circuit, protection electricity Road, igbt temperature detection etc..
(1) dsp control circuit
Whole control circuit with 32 floating-point microprocessor tms320f28335 of ti company as main control chip, Tms320f28335 is under the jurisdiction of delfino mcu series of products member, and running frequency may be up to 150mhz, is strict for requiring Control highly integrated, the high performance solution of application.Control system is aided with the epm570t100cpld chip of altera company, Cpld is substantially carried out the logical process of some digital signals, and dsp chip complete sampled signal process, control calculate, protection with And the major function such as pwm signal output.
(2) ad signal detection and conditioning unit
Ad signal detection includes three-phase power grid voltage signal detection, the detection of threephase load current signal, three-phase svg output altogether Current detecting, the detection of two-way DC capacitor voltage, through transformer detection, after discharge circuit conditioning, by outside ad sampling A/D chip Ad7657 sample conversion, output digit signals are to dsp process.Igbt temperature detection is by a single ad chip ad7995 Complete, exported to dsp by twin wire universal serial bus (i2c) communication interface.
(3) protection circuit
The effect of protection circuit is protection svg failure-free operation, when svg DC capacitor voltage is too high, or upper and lower electric capacity electricity Pressure reduction is excessive, and line voltage is abnormal, and when power device temperature is too high, protection circuit becomes generation protection signal, cut-out pwm output letter Number, close svg.
(4) pwm drives
Dsp produces pwm signal after calculation process, amplifies signal by outside amplifying circuit, then through isolated drive circuit Form the igbt to drive main power circuit for the pwm drive signal with driving force.
(5) communicate
The serial communication interface (sci) of dsp control system, Serial Peripheral Interface (spi) communication interface are whole Reserved, conveniently communicate with control centre later.
During reactive-load compensation pattern, controller, from electrical network collection institute subfam. Spiraeoideae, is converted to digital quantity by ad, calculates needs The power compensating, is then converted into igbt bridge control signal, to control igbt bridge by the pwm signal that controller sends switching at a high speed Switch, thus for load provide idle harmony wave power, transformator need not reoffer idle required for load.Grid-connect mode When, controller Real-time Collection line voltage, whether detection network operation state is normal, and measures inverter output current and electrical network Whether voltage synchronous, after reaching grid-connected requirement, in voltage zero-crossing point of power grid closure and network relay realize grid-connected.Between pattern Conversion, can be configured on the lcd liquid crystal display screen that device provides according to electrical network demand.Device is accessed using the mode of connection in parallel Electrical network, and be provided with three kinds of mode of operations: grid-connected preferential, reactive-load compensation is preferential, area power balance is preferential, and is provided with rs485/ Rs232 communication interface is used for the transmission of data and checks.
Electrical equipment, circuit, module and the electronic devices and components being related in such scheme, in addition to special instruction, are realized according to it Concrete function can select design generally in the art and scheme it is also possible to select according to actual needs other design and side Case.
In grid-connected photovoltaic system, idle detection and compensation are controlled and combines with control of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, realize simultaneously Net generating is uniformly controlled with reactive-load compensation, is feasible in theory and practice.The work that it generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems runs not only may be used There is provided electric network active electric energy with effective, and the reactive current in transmission electrical network can be compensated, be conducive to electrical network power supply capacity With the raising further of quality, especially for the power supply of electrical network tip, have positive effect.System adopt based on instantaneous reactive The Detecting Reactive Current mode of Power Theory, under the digital control support of high speed dsp, has obtained successful reality in an experiment Existing.
The distributed energy access point based on three level of this programme is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation composite control apparatus, makes distribution Formula energy access device can be more intelligent be applied in regional power grid, need active and distributed energy can carry in electrical network For active when, system uses mainly as combining inverter, does not need active or distributed energy can not carry in system For active when, equipment can provide reactive power to be added among the reactive-load compensation of regional power grid, simultaneously can also basis The access point system power voltage parameter that device itself records, device provides idle situation to participate in area not only to provide active Among domain is grid-connected.
This programme is closed by analysing in depth combining inverter control, idle detection and compensation of grid-connected photovoltaic system etc. Key technology, simulates parallel network power generation, will generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and reactive-load compensation carries out Comprehensive Control.This photovoltaic parallel in system is integrated with Generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems control and reactive-load compensation function, in the more stable area of operation of power networks, realize with PV Grid Connected Generation Based on, supplemented by no-power compensation function, and in the more severe area of the electrical network quality of power supply, realize the no-power compensation function to electrical network Based on, generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems supplemented by function.The research of this programme meets that China's geographical conditions difference is big, economic development is uneven, right Energy demand requires different reality, the exploitation for new forms of energy and the harmonious development of green network to have wide application Prospect and important realistic meaning.This programme passes through to contrast the structure of grid-connected photovoltaic system and reactive compensation system, discloses There is similarity in structure in both.Grid-connected photovoltaic system passes through current transformer provides active power to electrical network, and idle system System provides reactive-load compensation by current transformer to electrical network, so in grid-connected system, by idle detection and compensating control with simultaneously Net Generation Control combines, and it is necessary for realizing generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems with being uniformly controlled of reactive-load compensation.The work generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems Operation not only can effectively provide electric network active electric energy, and can compensate the reactive current in transmission electrical network, is conducive to electricity Net power supply capacity and the raising further of quality.
With the world's craving for and " 12 " planning to generation of electricity by new energy, China is to photovoltaic and other regenerative resource The vigorously supporting of industry, the grid-connected photovoltaic system of this programme effectively not only can realize photovoltaic generation, improves electric energy matter Amount and reduction power attenuation, and to saving corresponding equipment investment, improve system availability also significant.
The distributed energy of this programme is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is not limited to public affairs in specific embodiment The content opened, in embodiment occur technical scheme can with individualism it is also possible to mutually comprise, those skilled in the art according to This programme falls within the scope of this programme with reference to the simple alternative that common knowledge is made.

Claims (8)

1. the distributed energy based on three level is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, it is characterized in that including controller, three Level igbt current transformer, dc-link capacitance, filter circuit, described dc-link capacitance is located at described three level igbt current transformers Input, described filter circuit is located at the outfan of described three level igbt current transformers, described controller include sampling module, Master control digital signal processor module, pwm isolation drive module, described sampling module by the mains voltage signal collecting, Load current signal, the output current signal of described three level igbt current transformers, the voltage signal of described dc-link capacitance turn Change digital signal information into and send described master control digital signal processor module, described master control digital signal processor module root to Obtain the reactive current of system, grid-connected power, described master control digital signal processor mould according to the described digital signal information receiving Tuber according to described reactive current, grid-connected power with set regulation desired value result of the comparison by described pwm isolation drive mould Block sends switching control instruction to described three level igbt current transformers, and described igbt current transformer is according to the described on-off control receiving Instruction controls each phase grid-connected current, compensates the output of electric current, and described control system exports under the preferential pattern of active output Grid-connected greatly power, described control system preferential compensating reactive power electric current, described control system under the preferential pattern of the idle output in region System exports active, reactive-load compensation under regional balance output mode.
2. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 1 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described master control digital signal processor module includes dsp chip, cpld chip, described dsp chip completes sampling letter Number process, control calculate, the operation of pwm signal output, described cpld chip completes the logic processing operations of digital signal.
3. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 2 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, it is defeated that described sampling module includes network voltage detection module, load current detection module, three level igbt current transformers Go out current detection module, dc-link capacitance voltage detection module, ad sampling A/D chip, described network voltage detection module is by electrical network Voltage signal sends described ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, described load current detection module is by load current Signal sends described ad sampling A/D chip, described three level igbt output current of converter detection moulds by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health Block sends described ad sampling A/D chip to nurse one's health three level igbt output current of converter signals by discharge circuit after, described straight Stream bus capacitor voltage detection module is sent to described ad nursed one's health dc-link capacitance voltage signal by discharge circuit after and adopts Sample chip, described ad sampling A/D chip will be electric to the mains voltage signal receiving, load current signal, three level igbt current transformer outputs Stream signal, dc-link capacitance voltage signal are converted into digital signal information and send described master control digital signal processor mould to Block.
4. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 3 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described master control digital signal processor module carries out calculation process according to the digital signal information receiving and produces pwm Signal, described pwm signal forms after described pwm isolation drive resume module after processing through outside amplifying circuit and drives described three The pwm drive signal of level igbt current transformer.
5. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 4 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described control system also includes protection circuit, described protection circuit is according to the described dc-link capacitance collecting Overtension signal to described pwm isolation drive module send out code.
6. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 5 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described control system also includes three level igbt current transformer temperature detecting module, described three level igbt current transformers Temperature detecting module includes ad chip, and described three level igbt current transformer temperature detecting module are according to described three level collecting High temperature alarm signal is sent to described master control number by twin wire serial bus communication interfaces by the high temperature signal of igbt current transformer Word signal processor module, described master control digital signal processor module is according to the high temperature alarm signal receiving by described protection Circuit closes described pwm isolation drive module.
7. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 2 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described control system also includes communication module rs485, rs232 and band EEPROM, described Master control digital signal processor module is communicated with control centre by communication module rs485, rs232, described master control digital signal Processor module carries out protecting to data, stores by carrying EEPROM.
8. the distributed energy based on three level according to claim 1 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, its It is characterised by, described control system also includes phase-locked loop, described phase-locked loop includes phase discriminator, loop filter, voltage control Agitator processed, the difference of the phase information of line voltage and the phase information of the lockin signal of output is exported by described phase discriminator Described loop filter, the signal of described difference filters through described loop filter and enters described voltage-controlled oscillator after noise Adjustment phase place information is until output phase information is consistent with the phase information of line voltage.
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