CN106340900A - Distributed energy grid-connected and reactive power compensation compound control system - Google Patents
Distributed energy grid-connected and reactive power compensation compound control system Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed energy grid-connected and reactive power compensation compound control system which comprises a sampling module, a master control digital signal processor module, a PWM isolation driving module, an IGBT converter, a DC bus capacitor, and a filter circuit. The sampling module converts collected grid voltage signal, load current signal, the output current signal of the IGBT converter and the voltage signal of the DC bus capacitor into digital signal information and transmits the digital signal information to the master control digital signal processor module, the master control digital signal processor module obtains the reactive current and grid-connected power of the system through calculation, compares the reactive current and grid-connected power and set target values and then sends a switch control command to the IGBT converter through the PWM isolation driving module. The IGBT converter controls the output of grid-connected current and compensation current of each phase. According to the system, through controlling the output of the grid-connected current and compensation current of each phase, a distributed energy access system can be more intelligently applied to a regional power grid, and the grid-connected efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed energy grid-connection control system, grid-connected and idle particularly to a kind of distributed energy
Compensate multiplex control system, belong to electrical network cutting-in control field.
Background technology
Continue with World Economics, the development of high speed, countries in the world increasing to the demand of fossil energy so that changing
The consumption drastically of the stone energy, additionally, the large-scale development of fossil energy and using affecting global climate, and cause acid rain, temperature
The series of environmental problems such as room effect, depletion of the ozone layer.Research and practice have shown that, solar energy is inexhaustible, and
Cleaning is harmless, is to solve world energy sources crisis and the most reliable and effective green energy resource of environmental pollution.It was predicted that as too
The photovoltaic power generation technology of the sun energy main approach of the utilization of resources will develop rapidly within coming few decades, send out to end of this century photovoltaic
Electric total amount will account for more than the 60% of global power supply.Wherein, the installation of grid-connected photovoltaic system accounts for whole photovoltaic systems
More than the 90% of system installation, the free from controversy development trend becoming field of photovoltaic power generation.But, photovoltaic generation is exerted oneself by sky
Gas change impact has intermittent and probabilistic feature so that the utilization rate of photovoltaic combining inverter is only 20% about,
And frequently switching also can make grid stability decline, and brings various disturbances to power distribution network, affects the quality of power supply.
Under the traditional energy shortage situation increasingly serious with problem of environmental pollution, the research and development of new forms of energy obtain
Extensive concern both domestic and external.Solar energy with its inexhaustible, nexhaustible advantage become the most potential new forms of energy it
One.Meanwhile, the distributed power source with new forms of energy such as photovoltaic generations as representative just gradually from autonomous system towards large-scale grid connection direction
Development.
Since the seventies in last century, Power Electronic Technique is developed rapidly, various electronic electric equipment extensive
It is increasing that application leads to electrical network to produce the phenomenons such as harmonic wave, voltage pulsation, flickering and three-phase imbalance.These power quality problems
The safe and stable of electricity supply and use equipment and economical operation are had a strong impact on.Additionally, the distributed generation technology with regenerative resource
Greatly develop, solar energy, wind energy, fuel cell distributed new forms of energy grid-connected, lead to the unstable further of electrical network.But
The precision equipment of user's use, the requirement more and more higher to electrical network for the household electrical appliance, serious electric pollution and high-quality electric energy matter
The demand increasingly contradiction of amount.
With photovoltaic solar, the grid-connected application of large area of the various energy storage device such as wind energy, conventional distributed energy is grid-connected
Electricity generation system is provided only to electric network active electric energy in general, and the reactive energy loading typically is provided by electrical network or by special
Reactive-load compensation equipment provides.Current solar grid-connected, wind power grid, electric motor car v2g are grid-connected is all active power
Send into electrical network, and the reactive power within regional power grid, power factor of whole region power distribution network etc. do not carried out with any control,
So the reactive loss on circuit yet suffers from, and is also consumed by capacity of trunk.
Photovoltaic generation global new energy development using in occupy critical role, it is also gradually increasing to the permeability of electrical network
Greatly.Grid-connected photovoltaic system is provided only to electric network active electric energy in general, will photovoltaic array direct current
Electric energy is converted to and is fed to electrical network with electrical network with the AC energy of frequency homophase, and ensures that it has higher power factor.And bear
The reactive energy carrying typically is provided by electrical network or is provided the reactive-load compensation equipment tool although special by special reactive-load compensation equipment
There are good compensation characteristic and effect, but this also can increase extra construction cost.
One kind that photovoltaic parallel in system generates electricity as micro-capacitance sensor, the unidirectional current that solar battery group is produced is through grid-connected inverse
After becoming the alternating current that device is converted into meeting grid requirements, it is directly entered public electric wire net.A small amount of introducing photovoltaic generating module is to electricity
Net will not have an impact, but large-scale application is very likely destroyed system stability and causes the quality of power supply to deteriorate.Photovoltaic generation is subject to
Environmental effect is very big, and when weather changes, electricity generation system output occurs quickly acute variation, maximum change
Rate is more than 10% nominal output/second.The change of generated output will lead to output voltage larger fluctuation, and areal because
Environmental change is unanimously subject to bigger affecting by leading to generate electricity.
Traditional grid-connected photovoltaic system includes this several part of photovoltaic array, combining inverter and electrical network.Wherein, photovoltaic
Array is solar energy collecting and converting means, and its effect is to absorb the luminous energy of solar radiation and convert thereof into unidirectional current, grid-connected
Inverter is the interface arrangement of whole grid-connected photovoltaic system, and its effect is by converting direct-current power into alternating-current power and to access electricity
Net.Photovoltaic generating system can only provide active power to electrical network, be not provided that reactive power, and active power is highly prone to the sun
Light has jurisdiction over the impact of the external environments such as degree of penetrating, ambient temperature, and power swing is big, is a kind of unstable energy of interruption, can be right
Electrical network produces impact.And reactive compensation system only provides idle compensation to electrical network.Both have the disadvantage in that cost relatively
Height, single function, utilization rate is low.
Current grid-connection device at full capacity or half rated load work time all considerably less, or even quite a few when
Between do not work, but equipment be but according to peak capacity design, cause the service efficiency of equipment low.In addition, for distributed
The access of the energy, requires to the active output of grid-connection device, the clear and definite standard of idle output neither one in access point, leads to area
The quality of power supply in domain can not reach a state comparing optimization.
In the case of grid-connected photovoltaic system DC side is fitted without energy-storage travelling wave tube, when intensity of illumination is very low or night no
During illumination, system will be stopped power supply, and photovoltaic parallel in system must be disconnected with electrical network in the meantime, is in idle state；Only work as light
Could be again grid-connected when reaching to a certain degree according to intensity.In the case that day alternates with night daily, photovoltaic parallel in system repeatedly with electricity
Net is connected and disconnected from, and this makes a big impact to photovoltaic system service life and reduces system availability.
With the rapid growth of China's economy, the capacity of power distribution network sharply increases, the distribution line of below each department lokv
Provide the 50% about of the total delivery in area, but, China's major part power distribution network operates in natural power factor for a long time
Below.Reactive capability is not enough and responds the problem being slowly exist for a long time in China's distribution, all can cause huge loss every year.
Reactive-load compensation is most important for the safety and economic operation of power distribution network, and power distribution network is directly connected with load, distribution network line and
Load consumed reactive power must be balanced, otherwise can affect voltage operation level.
Content of the invention
Distributed energy of the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system discloses new scheme, is measured by real-time
System power situation, by the component size that corresponding Algorithm Analysis system is active and idle, by the regulation target with setting
Value compares, and controls the switch of igbt, thus control system output that is respectively mutually grid-connected and compensating electric current, finally makes system active excellent
Maximum grid-connected power is exported, first compensation system reactive current, puts down in region under the idle preferential pattern in region under first pattern
The active and reactive-load compensation of system is provided under weighing apparatus pattern, solves relatively costly, the function of existing distributed grid-connected control system
Single, the low problem of utilization rate.
Distributed energy of the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system includes sampling module, at master control digital signal
Reason device module, pwm isolation drive module, igbt current transformer, dc-link capacitance, filter circuit, dc-link capacitance is located at
The input of igbt current transformer, filter circuit is located at the outfan of igbt current transformer, and sampling module is electric by the electrical network collecting
Pressure signal, load current signal, the output current signal of igbt current transformer, the voltage signal of dc-link capacitance are converted into numeral
Signal message sends master control digital signal processor module to, and master control digital signal processor module is according to the digital signal receiving
Information obtains the reactive current of system, grid-connected power, master control digital signal processor module according to reactive current, grid-connected power with
The regulation desired value result of the comparison setting is passed through pwm isolation drive module and is sent switching control instruction to igbt current transformer,
Igbt current transformer controls each phase grid-connected current, compensates the output of electric current according to the switching control instruction receiving, and control system is having
Maximum grid-connected power is exported, control system preferentially compensates under the preferential pattern of the idle output in region under the preferential pattern of work(output
Reactive current, control system exports active, reactive-load compensation under regional balance output mode.
Further, the master control digital signal processor module of this programme includes dsp chip, cpld chip, and dsp chip completes
Sampled signal processes, controls calculating, the operation of pwm signal output, and cpld chip completes the logic processing operations of digital signal.
Further, the sampling module of this programme includes network voltage detection module, load current detection module, igbt unsteady flow
Device output electric current measure module, dc-link capacitance voltage detection module, ad sampling A/D chip, network voltage detection module is by electrical network
Voltage signal sends ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, load current signal is passed through by load current detection module
Ad sampling A/D chip is sent to, igbt output current of converter detection module is by igbt output current of converter after discharge circuit conditioning
Signal sends ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, dc-link capacitance voltage detection module is by dc-link capacitance
Voltage signal sends ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, ad sampling A/D chip is by the mains voltage signal receiving, negative
Load current signal, igbt output current of converter signal, dc-link capacitance voltage signal are converted into digital signal information transmission
To master control digital signal processor module.
Further, the master control digital signal processor module of this programme is entered at row operation according to the digital signal information receiving
Reason produces pwm signal, and pwm signal forms after pwm isolation drive resume module after processing through outside amplifying circuit and drives igbt
The pwm drive signal of current transformer.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes protection circuit, and protection circuit is according to the dc bus electricity collecting
The signal of the overtension holding sends out code to pwm isolation drive module.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes igbt current transformer temperature detecting module, and igbt current transformer temperature is examined
Survey module and include ad chip, igbt current transformer temperature detecting module passes through two according to the high temperature signal of the igbt current transformer collecting
High temperature alarm signal is sent to master control digital signal processor module by wire type serial bus communication interfaces, at master control digital signal
Reason device module closes pwm isolation drive module according to the high temperature alarm signal receiving by protection circuit.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes communication module rs485, rs232 and band electric erazable programmable is read-only
Memorizer, master control digital signal processor module is communicated with control centre by communication module rs485, rs232, master control numeral letter
Number processor module carries out protecting to data, stores by carrying EEPROM.
Further, the control system of this programme also includes phase-locked loop, phase-locked loop include phase discriminator, loop filter,
Voltage-controlled oscillator, the difference of the phase information of line voltage and the phase information of the lockin signal of output is exported by phase discriminator
To loop filter, the signal of difference filters through loop filter that to enter voltage-controlled oscillator adjustment phase place information after noise straight
Consistent with the phase information of line voltage to output phase information.
Distributed energy of the present invention is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system to pass through control system respectively mutually grid-connected and compensate
The output of electric current, makes what distributed energy access device can be more intelligent to be applied in regional power grid, has grid connection efficiency high
Feature.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of this programme control system.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the control circuit of this programme control system.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the control flow of this programme control system.
Fig. 4 is photovoltaic combining inverter topological structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is reactive-load compensation inverter topology schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Voltage and current sample, the combining inverter of photovoltaic battery array output is generally comprised in grid-connected photovoltaic system
Output current sampling, line voltage sampling, converters and control system etc..In three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected electricity generation system
Combining inverter, its main circuit typically adopts voltage-type full bridge structure, the master of this structure and conventional active reactive power compensator
Circuit is completely the same, and therefore, grid-connected and reactive-load compensation composite control apparatus can be effectively saved equipment investment, and simplified system is tied
Structure, and there is excellent reactive-load compensation fast response characteristic, to raising electrical network tip power supply capacity and quality, there is important function.
Grid-connected and reactive-load compensation composite control apparatus key technologies are the detection to system power and algorithm design, in order to ensure electrical network
Power supply quality, device allows for realizing fast reaction according to system power.The grid-connected and reactive-load compensation of this programme is combined control
Device processed mainly passes through real-time measurement system current conditions, big by the active and idle component of corresponding Algorithm Analysis system
Little, by comparing with the regulation desired value setting, control the switch of igbt, thus control system is respectively mutually grid-connected and compensates electric current
Output, finally makes system export maximum grid-connected power under active preferential pattern, first mends under the idle preferential pattern in region
Repay System Reactive Power electric current, the active and reactive-load compensation of system is provided under regional balance pattern.
As shown in figure 4, photovoltaic combining inverter topological structure schematic diagram.This programme adopts double -loop control mode.Outer shroud control
Device processed is mainly used in embodying different control purposes, produces internal ring reference signal simultaneously, and common dynamic response is slower.Internal ring controls
Device is substantially carried out fine regulation, and for improving the quality of power supply of inverter output, common dynamic response is very fast.Combining inverter
With power ring as outer shroud, the output of distributed power source is directly controlled it is ensured that system can be in voltage ripple of power network feelings
With constant power output under condition.With electric current loop as internal ring, in conjunction with SVPWM mode, solve traditional switch frequency not solid
Surely the high defect of the sample frequency that causes, finally realizes High Power Factor, invariable power grid-connected.Combining inverter is grid-connected
The nucleus equipment of electric system, this programme adopts voltage source inverter, in DC side parallel bulky capacitor, can preferably resist by electricity
The net DC voltage fluctuation that brings of interference is it is adaptable to the larger occasion of voltage ripple of power network.Grid-connected system utilizes inversion to fill
Put and direct current energy is changed into AC energy input electrical network, this programme adopts non-scheduling formula grid-connected photovoltaic system.
Reactive power needed for power distribution network typically requires installing reactive power compensator in a power distribution system and sends reactive power
To compensate the idle of power distribution network consumption.Power distribution network is carried out with the essential condition that reactive-load compensation is power distribution network safety and economic operation, closes
It is tied to the electric energy whether user can obtain safety, high-quality.Distribution network var compensation can be effectively improved the quality of power supply, reduce line
Path loss consumption is thus improve the power transmission efficiency of circuit, the ability to transmit electricity of raising circuit, and can also effectively improve electromotor and transformation
The exerting oneself of device.The reactive compensation control system of this programme is made up of two parts, and instruction current computing circuit and compensation electric current occur
Circuit.Instruction current computing circuit detects the reactive current component in target compensation electric current, compensate current occuring circuit according to
The command signal of the compensation electric current that instruction current computing circuit draws, produces actual compensation electric current.This programme is using instantaneous nothing
The theoretical detection method detection reactive current of work(.The basic ideas of instantaneous reactive power theory are by abc three-phase system voltage, electricity
Circulation changes the vector in α β ο coordinate system into, the dot product of voltage, current phasor is defined as instantaneous active power, by voltage, electric current
The cross product of vector is defined as instantaneous reactive power, then again for three-phase, these power invertings is compensated electric current.Instantaneous reactive power
The theoretical power definition on the basis of " meansigma methodss " of theoretical breakthrough conventional power, so that the real-time detection of reactive current is become can
Energy.The method has preferable real-time for the transient current detection of three-phase balanced system, is conducive to the quick control of system,
Preferable compensation effect can be obtained.
As shown in figure 5, reactive-load compensation inverter topology is basically identical with photovoltaic combining inverter topological structure, from being
System structure, function and control method three aspect are compared analysis respectively, find that both have many something in common: (1) structure side
Face, svg and grid-connected photovoltaic system are identical in the mode of inverter topology and connection electrical network；(2) function aspects, svg's
Function is that compensating reactive power injects reactive energy to electrical network, and the function of grid-connected photovoltaic system is to generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems to note to electrical network
Enter active energy, both inject electrical network in the form of electric current；(3) control method, both ACs broadly fall into current tracking
Control, can be with using identical current follow-up control mode.For such system, DC side is generally connected to capacitor, DC side
Capacitance voltage is that the energy exchange by system itself and electrical network to maintain, when capacitor DC side voltage exceedes set-point, electricity
Container reduces DC voltage by injecting active power to electrical network, to maintain it stable with this.Therefore, if in photovoltaic generation
In the control process of system, setting compensates electric current generating function it is possible to realize photovoltaic parallel in system to inject wattful power to electrical network
While rate, realize the reactive-load compensation to electrical network.
Grid-connected photovoltaic system can inject active power or reactive power to electrical network.When photovoltaic system is with unity power factor control
When making grid-connected, if grid-connected point voltage u occurs the change of △ u, there is △ i change in phase induced current i.When photovoltaic active power is exerted oneself
During more than certain value, necessarily cause grid entry point voltage out-of-limit, now photovoltaic plant preferably makes full use of the reactive power tune of inverter
Energy-conservation power carries out reactive power and voltage-regulation.Inverter reactive power fan-out capability is not only subject to self-capacity and transmission line of electricity
Limit, in the case that inverter capacity is sufficiently large, limited by DC voltage.With photovoltaic system active power, idle
The increase of power output, inverter output voltage increases.Inverter ac output voltage exceeds its restriction range, now with igbt
Antiparallel fly-wheel diode conducting, causes commutation failure, DC side voltage of converter raises, and output current is distorted, and has
Fluctuation in work(power, reactive power, therefore, when electrical network needs photovoltaic system to provide larger reactive power to support, should reduce
Active power output runs.
In order to realize the optimization design of recombination current, require grid-connected watt current and the System Reactive Power for compensating first
Electric current can be respectively controlled, and that is, electric current has multiformity.Recombination current for optimization design is although each phase all may
Comprise real component, but this real component is not to consume in inverter bridge, but electrical network is transferred to by inverter.Realize
System reactive power compensate and region active power balance, need to know idle component that every phase load each needs and have
Work(component.By the vector of symmetrical component method, can obtain beyond the real part (i.e. real component) of forward-order current phasor
Current component (includes imaginary part and the negative-sequence current phasor of forward-order current phasor).As shown in figure 3, device detects line voltage and is
System electric current, by being calculated reactive-load compensation electric current and load watt current.By pi controller, former according to track with zero error
Reason, produces the turn-on and turn-off determining frequency pwm pulsed drive inverter power pipe igbt.This control program can obtain stablizing quick
Current control effect, system power factor can also be correspondingly improved simultaneously.
Electric current loop mainly includes following part: the detector unit of grid-connected current and load reactive current, control unit and pwm
Pulse distribution unit.Control unit produces modulated signal, and this signal only changes in sampling instant, and before next sampling instant
Keep constant, it sends into the switching signal that pulse distribution unit produces igbt, realizes control action.Device adopts phaselocked loop phase place
Tracking system, it is ensured that the phase place of output is consistent with input signal with frequency signal, its operation principle is phase discriminator by electrical network
The phase information of voltage exports loop filter with the difference of the phase information of lockin signal of output, filters in difference signal
Noise, and then enter voltage and control vibrator adjustment phase place information exporting, until last output phase information and electrical network electricity
The phase information of pressure is consistent, realizes lock phase.
As shown in figure 1, the principle schematic of this programme control system.The major function of the control system of this programme is conditioning
Real-time monitoring signal, according to the quick calculating of preset algorithm and finally to power circuit output control signal.In experimental prototype, main
The dsp core tms320f28335 of ti company chosen by control digital signal processor, according to the control mode setting, obtains to by sensor
Take and the main circuit direct current through analog circuit conditioning, the pressure of AC, current signal are calculated, judged and exported, realize
Preset strategy.Control system also need to cpld realize pwm signal logic combination, by rs485 and rs232 realize peripheral communications with
And eeprom realizes the functions such as data protection storage.In Fig. 1, electrical network outfan indicates ua、ub、ucFor ac grid voltage, load
For three-phase nonlinear load, can consume idle.Multiplex control system is made up of two large divisions, i.e. idle current detecting circuit and benefit
Repay current occuring circuit.The pwm current transformer that main circuit is constituted using insulated gate bipolar transistor (igbt), compensates electricity producing
During stream, mainly as inverter work.System basic functional principle is exactly the electric current in being loaded by sample detecting electric circuit inspection,
Through the reactive current being calculated in load and the grid-connected power of digital signal processor (dsp), then pass through control strategy
The mode of operation setting, controls the output of active power and reactive power.The hardware designs of svg mainly include main circuit design and
Design on control circuit, control circuit is the important component part of svg, and Fig. 2 gives the svg structural frames of control system hardware circuit
Figure, it is mainly made up of following components: dsp control circuit, voltage and current detection circuit, pwm output circuit, protection electricity
Road, igbt temperature detection etc..
(1) dsp control circuit
Whole control circuit with 32 floating-point microprocessor tms320f28335 of ti company as main control chip,
Tms320f28335 is under the jurisdiction of delfino mcu series of products member, and running frequency may be up to 150mhz, is strict for requiring
Control highly integrated, the high performance solution of application.Control system is aided with the epm570t100 cpld core of altera company
Piece, cpld is substantially carried out the logical process of some digital signals, and dsp chip completes sampled signal and processes, controls calculating, protection
And the major function such as pwm signal output.
(2) ad signal detection and conditioning unit
Ad signal detection includes three-phase power grid voltage signal detection, the detection of threephase load current signal, three-phase svg output altogether
Current detecting, the detection of two-way DC capacitor voltage, through transformer detection, after discharge circuit conditioning, by outside ad sampling A/D chip
Ad7657 sample conversion, output digit signals are to dsp process.Igbt temperature detection is by a single ad chip ad7995
Complete, exported to dsp by twin wire universal serial bus (i2c) communication interface.
(3) protection circuit
The effect of protection circuit is protection svg failure-free operation, when svg DC capacitor voltage is too high, or upper and lower electric capacity electricity
Pressure reduction is excessive, and line voltage is abnormal, and when power device temperature is too high, protection circuit becomes generation protection signal, cut-out pwm output letter
Number, close svg.
(4) pwm drives
Dsp produces pwm signal after calculation process, amplifies signal by outside amplifying circuit, then through isolated drive circuit
Form the igbt to drive main power circuit for the pwm drive signal with driving force.
(5) communicate
The serial communication interface (sci) of dsp control system, Serial Peripheral Interface (spi) communication interface are whole
Reserved, conveniently communicate with control centre later.
During reactive-load compensation pattern, controller, from electrical network collection institute subfam. Spiraeoideae, is converted to digital quantity by ad, calculates needs
The power compensating, is then converted into igbt bridge control signal, to control igbt bridge by the pwm signal that controller sends switching at a high speed
Switch, thus for load provide idle harmony wave power, transformator need not reoffer idle required for load.Grid-connect mode
When, controller Real-time Collection line voltage, whether detection network operation state is normal, and measures inverter output current and electrical network
Whether voltage synchronous, after reaching grid-connected requirement, in voltage zero-crossing point of power grid closure and network relay realize grid-connected.Between pattern
Conversion, can be configured on the lcd liquid crystal display screen that device provides according to electrical network demand.Device is accessed using the mode of connection in parallel
Electrical network, and be provided with three kinds of mode of operations: grid-connected preferential, reactive-load compensation is preferential, area power balance is preferential, and is provided with rs485/
Rs232 communication interface is used for the transmission of data and checks.
Electrical equipment, circuit, module and the electronic devices and components being related in such scheme, in addition to special instruction, are realized according to it
Concrete function can select design generally in the art and scheme it is also possible to select according to actual needs other design and side
Case.
In grid-connected photovoltaic system, idle detection and compensation are controlled and combines with control of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, realize simultaneously
Net generating is uniformly controlled with reactive-load compensation, is feasible in theory and practice.The work that it generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems runs not only may be used
There is provided electric network active electric energy with effective, and the reactive current in transmission electrical network can be compensated, be conducive to electrical network power supply capacity
With the raising further of quality, especially for the power supply of electrical network tip, have positive effect.System adopt based on instantaneous reactive
The Detecting Reactive Current mode of Power Theory, under the digital control support of high speed dsp, has obtained successful reality in an experiment
Existing.
This programme is closed by analysing in depth combining inverter control, idle detection and compensation of grid-connected photovoltaic system etc.
Key technology, simulates parallel network power generation, will generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and reactive-load compensation carries out Comprehensive Control.This photovoltaic parallel in system is integrated with
Generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems control and reactive-load compensation function, in the more stable area of operation of power networks, realize with PV Grid Connected Generation
Based on, supplemented by no-power compensation function, and in the more severe area of the electrical network quality of power supply, realize the no-power compensation function to electrical network
Based on, generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems supplemented by function.The research of this programme meets that China's geographical conditions difference is big, economic development is uneven, right
Energy demand requires different reality, the exploitation for new forms of energy and the harmonious development of green network to have wide application
Prospect and important realistic meaning.This programme passes through to contrast the structure of grid-connected photovoltaic system and reactive compensation system, discloses
There is similarity in structure in both.Grid-connected photovoltaic system passes through current transformer provides active power to electrical network, and idle system
System provides reactive-load compensation by current transformer to electrical network, so in grid-connected system, by idle detection and compensating control with simultaneously
Net Generation Control combines, and it is necessary for realizing generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems with being uniformly controlled of reactive-load compensation.The work generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems
Operation not only can effectively provide electric network active electric energy, and can compensate the reactive current in transmission electrical network, is conducive to electricity
Net power supply capacity and the raising further of quality.
With the world's craving for and " 12 " planning to generation of electricity by new energy, China is to photovoltaic and other regenerative resource
The vigorously supporting of industry, the grid-connected photovoltaic system of this programme effectively not only can realize photovoltaic generation, improves electric energy matter
Amount and reduction power attenuation, and to saving corresponding equipment investment, improve system availability also significant.
The distributed energy of this programme is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is not limited to public affairs in specific embodiment
The content opened, in embodiment occur technical scheme can with individualism it is also possible to mutually comprise, those skilled in the art according to
This programme falls within the scope of this programme with reference to the simple alternative that common knowledge is made.
Claims (8)
1. distributed energy is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system, it is characterized in that including sampling module, master control digital signal
Processor module, pwm isolation drive module, igbt current transformer, dc-link capacitance, filter circuit, described dc-link capacitance
It is located at the input of described igbt current transformer, described filter circuit is located at the outfan of described igbt current transformer, described sampling mould
Block is by the mains voltage signal collecting, load current signal, the output current signal of described igbt current transformer, described direct current
The voltage signal of bus capacitor is converted into digital signal information and sends described master control digital signal processor module, described master control to
Digital signal processor module obtains the reactive current of system, grid-connected power according to the described digital signal information receiving, described
Master control digital signal processor module is led to according to described reactive current, grid-connected power and the regulation desired value result of the comparison setting
Cross described pwm isolation drive module and send switching control instruction to described igbt current transformer, described igbt current transformer is according to receiving
Described switching control instruction control each phase grid-connected current, compensate the output of electric current, described control system is preferential in active output
Pattern under export maximum grid-connected power, described control system preferential compensating reactive power electricity under the preferential pattern of the idle output in region
Stream, described control system exports active, reactive-load compensation under regional balance output mode.
2. distributed energy according to claim 1 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Master control digital signal processor module includes dsp chip, cpld chip, and described dsp chip completes sampled signal and processes, controls meter
Calculate, pwm signal output operates, described cpld chip completes the logic processing operations of digital signal.
3. distributed energy according to claim 2 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Sampling module includes network voltage detection module, load current detection module, igbt output current of converter detection module, direct current
Bus capacitor voltage detection module, ad sampling A/D chip, described network voltage detection module is by mains voltage signal by amplifier electricity
Described ad sampling A/D chip is sent to, load current signal is adjusted by described load current detection module by discharge circuit after the conditioning of road
Described ad sampling A/D chip is sent to, igbt output current of converter is believed by described igbt output current of converter detection module after reason
Described ad sampling A/D chip is sent to, described dc-link capacitance voltage detection module is female by direct current after number nursing one's health by discharge circuit
Line capacitance voltage signal sends described ad sampling A/D chip by discharge circuit to after nursing one's health, described ad sampling A/D chip is by the electricity receiving
Net voltage signal, load current signal, igbt output current of converter signal, dc-link capacitance voltage signal are converted into numeral
Signal message sends described master control digital signal processor module to.
4. distributed energy according to claim 3 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Master control digital signal processor module carries out calculation process according to the digital signal information receiving and produces pwm signal, described pwm letter
Number through outside amplifying circuit process after after described pwm isolation drive resume module formed drive described igbt current transformer pwm
Drive signal.
5. distributed energy according to claim 4 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Control system also includes protection circuit, the letter of the overtension according to the described dc-link capacitance collecting for the described protection circuit
Number to described pwm isolation drive module send out code.
6. distributed energy according to claim 5 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Control system also includes igbt current transformer temperature detecting module, and described igbt current transformer temperature detecting module includes ad chip, institute
The high temperature signal stating igbt current transformer temperature detecting module according to the described igbt current transformer collecting is total by twin wire serial
High temperature alarm signal is sent to described master control digital signal processor module, described master control Digital Signal Processing by line communication interface
Device module closes described pwm isolation drive module according to the high temperature alarm signal receiving by described protection circuit.
7. distributed energy according to claim 2 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Control system also includes communication module rs485, rs232 and band EEPROM, described master control digital signal
Processor module is communicated with control centre by communication module rs485, rs232, and described master control digital signal processor module is led to
Cross band EEPROM data to be carried out protecting, stores.
8. distributed energy according to claim 1 is grid-connected and reactive-load compensation multiplex control system is it is characterised in that described
Control system also includes phase-locked loop, and described phase-locked loop includes phase discriminator, loop filter, voltage-controlled oscillator, described
The difference of the phase information of line voltage and the phase information of the lockin signal of output is exported described loop filtering by phase discriminator
Device, the signal of described difference filters through described loop filter and enters described voltage-controlled oscillator adjustment phase place information after noise
Until output phase information is consistent with the phase information of line voltage.
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