CN106349545A - 一种环保型防水pvc材料及其加工方法及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型防水pvc材料及其加工方法及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106349545A
CN106349545A CN201610775341.5A CN201610775341A CN106349545A CN 106349545 A CN106349545 A CN 106349545A CN 201610775341 A CN201610775341 A CN 201610775341A CN 106349545 A CN106349545 A CN 106349545A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法，包括以下重量份组分：低密度聚乙烯树脂30‑40、聚苯醚树脂20‑30、丙烯酸酯3‑8、氯化聚乙烯1‑3、丁基胶1‑3、玻璃微珠10‑12、羰基铁粉10‑20、丁腈橡胶10‑15、马来酸辛基锌0.5‑1.0。本发明的线缆料防水性好，抗渗漏性强，特别适合用于船舶或者水下作业用线缆，耐水性，耐酸碱性好，对海水的抗性也好，耐腐蚀性强，使用寿命久。

Description

一种环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆材料领域，特别是一种环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着聚氯乙烯工业不断发展，特别是发展中国家经济快四增长，对聚氯乙烯的需求增加更为迅速，聚氯乙烯由于其优良的耐腐蚀、阻燃、绝缘等性能而得到广泛的应用。但其脆性较大、抗冲性能不佳，为了改善聚氯乙烯的性能，扩大其使用范围，最初人们常用一些小分子增塑剂，但是这些小分子增塑剂在制品的加工和使用过程中，发生挥发和迁移，不但污染环境，同时也会使制品变脆、变硬，失去使用价值。目前人们在聚氯乙烯加工过程中添加改性剂增韧改性满足使用要求。其中刚性粒子增韧PVC越来越引起人们的重视。聚乙烯蜡作为常见的填料具有较小的粒径、较高的活性，填充PVC可以获得较好的补强增韧效果。但是聚乙烯蜡表面亲水疏油，与基体的相容性差，很难与PVC基体产生结合力，容易产生界面缺陷，导致材料性能下降。
目前，PVC主要分为聚氯乙烯（PVC）合成革和聚氨酯（PU）合成革两种。PU合成革手感和外观质量好，但是价格偏高，使用寿命不长，且目前较成熟的PU合成革工艺需要大量使用DMF作为溶剂，环境效应不好；PVC合成革价格低，物理性能能达到质量要求，缺点是手感和外观质量稍差，且透气性差，限制了其更广泛的使用。通过压延法制备PVC合成革，便于通过配方与工艺改进改善不足，同时达到额外的功能。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供线缆料防水性好，抗渗漏性强，适用与潮湿环境，特别适合用于船舶或者水下作业用电缆，耐水性，耐酸碱性好，对海水的抗性也好，耐腐蚀性强，使用寿命久的环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下重量份组分：低密度聚乙烯树脂30-40、聚苯醚树脂20-30、丙烯酸酯3-8、氯化聚乙烯1-3、丁基胶1-3、玻璃微珠10-12、羰基铁粉10-20、丁腈橡胶10-15、马来酸辛基锌0.5-1.0、碳酸氢钠1-3、轻质碳酸钙2-4、三氯化锑1.5-2.5、聚乙烯蜡1-3、丙烯酸丁酯1-3、过氧化苯甲酰1-3、聚氯乙烯再生料3-4、优化填料5-10；
所述优化填料的制备方法如下：取下列重量份的原料：聚乙烯树脂20-30、柠檬酸三丁酯25-35、丙烯酸酯3-8、硅灰石粉1-3、滑石粉3-5、聚异戊二烯0.5-1.0、壬基苯酚1-3、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯3-4、丙烯酰氯2-5、亚麻油酸0.3-0.5、亚磷酸双酚A酯1-3、轻质碳酸钙2-4；将聚乙烯树脂、柠檬酸三丁酯、丙烯酸酯、滑石粉、聚异戊二烯混合研磨2-3小时制成混合物；再将硅灰石粉、壬基苯酚、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、丙烯酰氯混合搅拌反应60-90分钟，控温在50℃-60℃，反应2-3小时，制成粉；将亚麻油酸、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙加热5-8分钟，再加入前序两种加工产物混合搅拌均匀，分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒，即得。
所述环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将低密度聚乙烯树脂、三氯化锑混合，在80℃-120℃的密炼机中混炼5-8分钟，再添加马来酸辛基锌、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙继续混炼5-8分钟，备用；
（2）将丙烯酸酯、氯化聚乙烯、丁基胶混合搅拌均匀，加入玻璃微珠、羰基铁粉、丁腈橡胶，送入50-60℃的水浴中，保温搅拌7-8小时，再在300-350w功率下超声处理26-30分钟，再放入高速混合机中，常温下以1000转/分的速度搅拌10分钟后，后放置在温度为90℃的鼓风干燥箱中干燥3小时，取出磨成粉；
（3）将聚乙烯蜡、聚苯醚树脂、丙烯酸丁酯、过氧化苯甲酰、聚氯乙烯再生料、优化填料投入高速捏合机内，在90-100℃下高速捏合7-9min，再投入160～170℃的密炼机中，塑炼18～20min，再添加步骤（1）、（2）所得物料在110～130℃下混炼5～8min，然后将最终的混合料冷却后送入开炼机中开炼，薄通6～7次，即得。
有益效果：
1.本发明通过配方与工艺改进，达到良好的综合力学性能，耐水耐热，高温不变色功效；
2.通过添加马来酸辛基锌、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙以及优化填料，改善了 PVC 合成革的耐寒、阻燃、杀菌性能，具有较好的透气吸湿功效，应用范围更加广泛；提升了合成革的性能，使其具有较好的柔性、拉伸强度、断裂强度和抗磨损性。
具体实施方式
一种环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下重量份组分：低密度聚乙烯树脂40、聚苯醚树脂30、丙烯酸酯8、氯化聚乙烯3、丁基胶3、玻璃微珠12、羰基铁粉20、丁腈橡胶15、马来酸辛基锌1.0、碳酸氢钠3、轻质碳酸钙4、三氯化锑2.5、聚乙烯蜡3、丙烯酸丁酯3、过氧化苯甲酰3、聚氯乙烯再生料4、优化填料10；
所述优化填料的制备方法如下：取下列重量份的原料：聚乙烯树脂30、柠檬酸三丁酯35、丙烯酸酯8、硅灰石粉3、滑石粉5、聚异戊二烯1.0、壬基苯酚3、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯4、丙烯酰氯5、亚麻油酸0.5、亚磷酸双酚A酯3、轻质碳酸钙4；将聚乙烯树脂、柠檬酸三丁酯、丙烯酸酯、滑石粉、聚异戊二烯混合研磨2-3小时制成混合物；再将硅灰石粉、壬基苯酚、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、丙烯酰氯混合搅拌反应60-90分钟，控温在50℃-60℃，反应2-3小时，制成粉；将亚麻油酸、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙加热5-8分钟，再加入前序两种加工产物混合搅拌均匀，分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒，即得。
所述环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）、将低密度聚乙烯树脂、三氯化锑混合，在80℃-120℃的密炼机中混炼5-8分钟，再添加马来酸辛基锌、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙继续混炼5-8分钟，备用；
（2）将丙烯酸酯、氯化聚乙烯、丁基胶混合搅拌均匀，加入玻璃微珠、羰基铁粉、丁腈橡胶，送入50-60℃的水浴中，保温搅拌7-8小时，再在300-350w功率下超声处理26-30分钟，再放入高速混合机中，常温下以1000转/分的速度搅拌10分钟后，后放置在温度为90℃的鼓风干燥箱中干燥3小时，取出磨成粉；
（3）将聚乙烯蜡、聚苯醚树脂、丙烯酸丁酯、过氧化苯甲酰、聚氯乙烯再生料、优化填料投入高速捏合机内，在90-100℃下高速捏合7-9min，再投入160～170℃的密炼机中，塑炼18～20min，再添加步骤（1）、（2）所得物料在110～130℃下混炼5～8min，然后将最终的混合料冷却后送入开炼机中开炼，薄通6～7次，即得。

Claims (2)

1.一种环保型防水PVC材料，其特征在于，包括以下重量份组分：低密度聚乙烯树脂30-40、聚苯醚树脂20-30、丙烯酸酯3-8、氯化聚乙烯1-3、丁基胶1-3、玻璃微珠10-12、羰基铁粉10-20、丁腈橡胶10-15、马来酸辛基锌0.5-1.0、碳酸氢钠1-3、轻质碳酸钙2-4、三氯化锑1.5-2.5、聚乙烯蜡1-3、丙烯酸丁酯1-3、过氧化苯甲酰1-3、聚氯乙烯再生料3-4、优化填料5-10；
所述优化填料的制备方法如下：取下列重量份的原料：聚乙烯树脂20-30、柠檬酸三丁酯25-35、丙烯酸酯3-8、硅灰石粉1-3、滑石粉3-5、聚异戊二烯0.5-1.0、壬基苯酚1-3、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯3-4、丙烯酰氯2-5、亚麻油酸0.3-0.5、亚磷酸双酚A酯1-3、轻质碳酸钙2-4；将聚乙烯树脂、柠檬酸三丁酯、丙烯酸酯、滑石粉、聚异戊二烯混合研磨2-3小时制成混合物；先将聚乙烯树脂、柠檬酸三丁酯、丙烯酸酯、滑石粉、聚异戊二烯与去离子水混合，并油浴加热至50-60℃，随后恒温搅拌混合25-30min，随后升温至70-80℃，投入硅灰石粉、壬基苯酚、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、丙烯酰氯，恒温超声搅拌3-4h，搅拌结束后将所得物料完全干燥除去水分，将亚麻油酸、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙加热5-8分钟，再加入前序两种加工产物混合搅拌均匀所得粉体研磨分散后即得。
2.如权利要求1所述环保型防水PVC材料及其加工方法的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将上述玻璃微珠、羰基铁粉、丁腈橡胶丙烯酸丁酯加入到上述90-93%的硫酸、95-97%的硝酸的混合溶液中，超声搅拌20-24小时，在136-140℃下保温50-60分钟，抽滤，水洗3-4次，在70-80℃下干燥20-30分钟，得物料；
（2）将上述聚乙烯蜡、聚苯醚树脂、丙烯酸丁酯、过氧化苯甲酰加入到其重量20-30倍的无水乙醇中，搅拌均匀，与上述聚氯乙烯再生料、优化填料混合，磁力搅拌2-3分钟，升高温度为60-65℃，在氮气的保护下保温反应47-50小时，得物料；
（3）将上述低密度聚乙烯树脂、三氯化锑、加入到其重量30-47倍的四氢呋喃中，加入马来酸辛基锌、亚磷酸双酚A酯、轻质碳酸钙，在室温下搅拌10-13小时，与上述步骤（1）、（2）混合，搅拌均匀，送入真空烘箱中，在76-80℃下干燥1-2小时，出料后采用双螺杆造粒，造粒温度为120-150℃，并将粒料在双螺杆挤出机上挤出管材即可。
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CN102911416A (zh) * 2012-09-18 2013-02-06 铜陵市铜都特种线缆厂 一种核电站用控制电缆料及其制备方法

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