CN106344906A - 一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒 - Google Patents
一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒，有下列重量份的重要提取制备而成：紫菀、桔梗、半夏、干姜、玄参、苦杏仁、陈皮、茯苓、五味子、辛夷、甘草。该配方利用中药配伍，治疗过敏性鼻炎效果明显。本发明采用OVA混悬液腹腔注射及滴鼻造模法建立过敏性鼻炎豚鼠模型，用不同浓度的配方颗粒进行治疗。分别行为学评分考察模型制备及药物治疗情况、采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组IgE、组胺、IL‑1、TNF‑α水平及免疫印迹实验检测COX‑1和COX‑2蛋白表达评价配方颗粒对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠的治疗效果。通过SPSS统计学软件对实验结果进行分析，发现配方颗粒对OVA 所致过敏性鼻炎豚鼠具有明显的保护效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域，具体涉及一种用于治疗过敏性鼻炎的中药配方颗粒剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
过敏性鼻炎又称变应性鼻炎，是由 IgE介导的速发型超敏反应，是鼻黏膜组织的一种非感染性炎症，主要表现为鼻痒、喷嚏反复发作，鼻流清涕等症状。目前尚缺乏有效且副作用少的药物。中医学认为属于中医学“鼻鼽”、“鼽嚏”的范畴。肺金不清，雾气瘀浊，不能化水，则凝郁于胸膈而痰生，熏蒸于鼻窍而涕化。痰涕之作，皆由于辛金之不降也。而肺气之郁，总由土湿而胃逆，胃逆则浊气填塞，肺无降路故也。因此，过敏性鼻炎的治疗应以清肺气、降胃逆为主。中医药治疗鼻炎疗效可靠，毒副作用小，具有广阔的前景，但现有技术中治疗鼻炎的中药疗效不是很明显，仍可提高。
发明目的：为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗过敏性鼻炎的中药配方颗粒剂及其制备方法和应用。
技术方案：本发明的目的是通过如下的方案实现的：
一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒，所含的活性成分由下列重量份原料配比制备而成：紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份。
治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒制备方法，它是将紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份，放入煎药器具内，加入饮用水提取2次，第一次加水量为药材重量的10倍量，煎煮2小时；第二次加水量为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1小时；将两次煎液合并，浓缩，冷冻干燥，即得颗粒。
所述中药组合物在制备治疗过敏性鼻炎药物中的应用。
本方中主要成分：
紫菀，菊科植物紫菀的根及根茎。性温，味苦；温肺，下气，消痰，止咳；治风寒咳嗽气喘，虚劳咳吐脓血，喉痹，小便不利。（《中药大辞典》3275-3277页，上海科学技术出版社，第二版，2006）。
桔梗，为桔梗科植物桔梗的根。 性苦辛、平。开宣肺气，祛痰排脓。（《中药大辞典》2526-2529页，上海科学技术出版社，第二版，2006）。
半夏，为天南星科植物半夏的块茎。性温，味辛。燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结。治湿痰冷饮，呕吐，反胃，咳喘痰多，胸膈胀满，痰厥头痛，头晕不眠。（《中药大辞典》1771-1775页，上海科学技术出版社，第二版，2006）。
干姜，为姜科植物姜的干燥根茎。性热，味辛。温中逐寒，回阳通脉。治心腹冷痛，吐泻，肢冷脉微，寒次喘咳，风寒湿痹，阳虚吐、衄、下血。（《中药大辞典》98-101页，上海科学技术出版社，第二版，2006）。
根据中药配伍理论：紫菀和桔梗相须使用，共奏宣肺气，降肺金之效。半夏畏生姜，生姜杀半夏，二者配伍使用即可解半夏之小毒，又可相使共奏降逆化痰之效。
采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：
本发明采用卵清蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)混悬液腹腔注射及滴鼻造模法建立过敏性鼻炎豚鼠模型，用不同浓度的配方颗粒进行治疗。分别行为学评分考察模型制备及药物治疗情况、采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组IgE、组胺、IL-4、TNF-α水平及免疫印迹实验检测COX-1、COX-2和MUC5AC蛋白表达评价配方颗粒对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠的治疗效果。通过SPSS统计学软件对实验结果进行分析，发现配方颗粒对OVA 所致过敏性鼻炎豚鼠具有明显的保护效果且不影响COX-1蛋白表达。
过敏性鼻炎是一种常见的耳鼻咽喉科疾病，鼻痒、鼻塞、打喷嚏和流鼻涕等一系列的鼻炎临床症状会严重影响到病人的生活质量。现在有很多药物包括抗组胺类、皮质激素类、减充血剂和鼻内抗胆碱类药物被用来治疗过敏性鼻炎，但是这些药物的副反应和较低的临床效果仍然存在。本发明发现我国传统中药对该病具有较好的治疗效果，如能公开并授权，将再次彰显我国传统中药的优势和独特之处，为临床治疗过敏性鼻炎做出一定的贡献。
附图说明
图1为中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠COX-1和COX-2的影响对比图A。
图2为中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠COX-1和COX-2的影响对比图B。
图3为中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠COX-1和COX-2的影响对比图C。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例进行说明，对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明，但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例，凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒，所含的活性成分由下列重量份原料配比制备而成：紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份。
治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒制备方法，它是将紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份，放入煎药器具内，加入饮用水提取2次，第一次加水量为药材重量的10倍量，煎煮2小时；第二次加水量为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1小时；将两次煎液合并，浓缩，冷冻干燥，即得颗粒。
所述中药组合物在制备治疗过敏性鼻炎药物中的应用
经实验应用实例如下：
（一）实验动物、主要试剂和仪器
豚鼠购自重庆医科大学动物实验中心，动物合格证号：SCXK(Yu)2012-0005；在符合清洁标准的实验室( T22~25℃, 湿度50~70% ) 饲养。实验药物够自北京同仁堂药房；OVA（Sigma, USA, 批号A5378）；IgE（201412）、组胺（201412）、IL-4（201503）、TNF-α（201503）ELISA试剂盒购自购自上海江莱生物科技有限公司。COX-1（ab695）和COX-2（ab52237）、抗体均购自Abcam公司。DDY-10型三恒电泳仪（Bio-Rad, USA），半干转印槽（Bio-Rad, USA），全自动电泳凝胶成像分析系统（Bio-Rad, USA）。
（二）实验方法
1、实验设计与分组给药：
每只豚鼠以OVA 0.3 mg作抗原，氢氧化铝粉末30 mg作为佐剂，加生理盐水1mL制成混悬液进行腹腔注射，隔日1次，共7次，为基础致敏。再以2 g/L OVA生理盐水溶液滴鼻，每侧10 μL，连续7 d。造模成功后，隔日给予OVA 2 g/L滴鼻以维持对鼻黏膜的刺激。根据行为学观察确定造模成功以后，随机分组如下：正常对照组、模型组、氯雷他定组、药物治疗组（低、中、高剂量组）。氯雷他定组（2 mg/kg）和药物治疗组（4、8、16 mg/kg）灌胃，每日1次，连续7天。正常组和模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水。观察豚鼠喷嚏、抓搔、流涕。在OVA滴鼻30 min内观察鼻炎症状，记录挠鼻、喷嚏次数及清涕出现的轻重程度，每日观察1次。
2、症状分级标准：
每次攻击后均观察30 min，观察项目包括鼻痒、鼻涕程度和喷嚏次数等，记录豚鼠行为学得分，评分标准见表1，总分超过5分为动物模型成功。
表 1 豚鼠过敏性鼻炎症状分级标准
3、行为学观察
隔天滴鼻激发，按表1的标准进行计分。
4、检测豚鼠血清中IgE、组胺、TNF-α和IL- 4的水平
取豚鼠血清，采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清OVA特异性IgE、组胺、IL-4、TNF-α。严格按照试剂盒操作。
5、Western blot检测COX-1和COX-2蛋白表达
利用总蛋白提取试剂盒提取总蛋白后，BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度，加热使之变性，20 μg蛋白上样，采用12%SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离蛋白。电泳后将蛋白转印至PVDF膜，5%脱脂奶粉封闭2 h后，加入一抗（COX-1，1:1 000；COX-2，1:1 000）4℃封闭过夜，TBST洗3次，加二抗（1:5 000）封闭液封闭1 h，采用ECL发光法，扫描记录。
6、统计学分析 实验数据均采用SPSS17.0 统计软件进行分析，均数±标准差()表示。各组间的两两比较采用单因素方差分析，方差齐用LSD检验，P<0.05为有显著意义。
（三）实验结果
1、中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠鼻部症状的影响, n=10
注：与正常对照组比较，* P<0.05; 与模型组比较，# P<0.05
2、中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠血清中组胺、IgE、TNF-α 和IL-4水平的影响, n=10
注：与正常对照组比较，* P<0.05; 与模型组比较，# P<0.05。
3、中药颗粒剂对过敏性鼻炎豚鼠COX-1和COX-2的影响，如图1、图2、图3所示。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒，其特征在于：所含的活性成分由下列重量份原料配比制备而成：紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份。
2.治疗过敏性鼻炎的配方颗粒制备方法，其特征在于：它是将紫菀18份、桔梗18份、半夏18份、干姜18份、玄参18份、苦杏仁18份、陈皮18份、茯苓18份、五味子6份、辛夷6份、甘草12份，放入煎药器具内，加入饮用水提取2次，第一次加水量为药材重量的10倍量，煎煮2小时；第二次加水量为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1小时；将两次煎液合并，浓缩，冷冻干燥，即得颗粒。
3.权利要求1 所述中药组合物在制备治疗过敏性鼻炎药物中的应用。
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