CN106343263A - An trachinotus ovatus with a formula feed by adding a squid paste to improve the feeding rate - Google Patents
An trachinotus ovatus with a formula feed by adding a squid paste to improve the feeding rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106343263A CN106343263A CN201610762587.9A CN201610762587A CN106343263A CN 106343263 A CN106343263 A CN 106343263A CN 201610762587 A CN201610762587 A CN 201610762587A CN 106343263 A CN106343263 A CN 106343263A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention discloses an trachinotus ovatus with a formula feed by adding a squid paste to improve the feeding rate,including the following weight percentage of raw materials:27% - 28.5% of fish meal , 19.5% - 20% of soy protein concentrate, 8% - 9% of soybean meal, 6% of peanut meal, 22.2% - 23.6% of secondary powder, 7.8% - 7.9 % of fish oil, 2% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of vitamin premix, 1% of mineral premix, 0.5% of choline chloride, 0.5% of lecithin, 1.5% - 3% of squid paste. The technical proposal of the invention improves the feeding rate of the trachinotus ovatus in the low fishmeal condition and the palatability of the feed by adding the squid paste to the common trachinotus ovatus feed;It is proved that the oval pomfret can be used to improve the feeding rate of oval pomfret and promote the growth of oval pomfret and improve the utilization rate of feed, At the same time to improve the oval pomfret disease resistance and antioxidant capacity, effectively reduce farming costs, improve farming income. It is proved that the trachinotus ovatus with a formula feed by adding a squid paste to reduce the fishmeal content of its formula, effectively improve the feeding rate of oval pomfret, promote the growth of oval pomfret, improve feed utilization, meanwhile, it can improve disease resistance of the trachinotus ovatus and antioxidant capacity, effectively reduce farming costs, improve farming income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish meal, specifically, it is related to a kind of improve the avette of grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste
Silvery pomfret mixed feed.
Background technology
Fish flour is the most important protein source of aquatic feeds, however, due to fishery resources exhaustion increasingly, world's fish flour is total
Yield declines year by year, and fish meal prices constantly raise, and aquaculture cost is continuously increased, and seriously constrains the development of culture fishery.Profit
Substituting fish flour with vegetable protein source becomes one of important channel saving fish flour.But, from the point of view of cultivation practice, marine fish
Class is unsatisfactory to the utilization of vegetable protein in feedstuff, and tracing it to its cause is that plant protein source replacement fish flour causes to promote in feedstuff to ingest
Material reduces, and antinutritional factor and lose flavor substance and increase, reducing feedstuff palatability, thus affecting the appetite of Fish, making to take the photograph
Appetite reduces, growth retardation.
In aquaculture, avette silvery pomfret (trachinotus ovatus) it is that the South China coastal deep-water net cage culture is most important
One of economic kind, 2014 annual productions break through 100,000 tons.Because of feedstuff reason, constrain the development of avette silvery pomfret aquaculture.
Therefore try to explore and develop novel fish meal alternate source and phagostimulant to reduce fish flour consumption, to improve grazing rate, be
Improve avette silvery pomfret culture benefit, ensure a kind of effective way of avette silvery pomfret aquaculture sustainable development.
Content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste,
Aim to solve the problem that in existing avette silvery pomfret feedstuff antinutritional factor and lose that flavor substance is many, feedstuff palatability is poor, thus affecting Fish
Appetite, make food ration reduce, the problem of growth retardation.
For achieving the above object, a kind of avette silvery pomfret cooperation improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste proposed by the present invention
Feedstuff, including the raw material composition of following percentage by weight: fish flour 27%～28.5%, soybean protein concentrate 19.5%～20%, Semen sojae atricolor
The dregs of rice 8%～9%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, wheat-middlings 22.2%～23.6%, fish oil 7.8%～7.9%, dalcium biphosphate 2%, vitamin premix
1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, sepiellae seu sepiae paste 1.5%～3%.
Preferably, the described avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste, including following weight hundred
The raw material dividing ratio forms: fish flour 27%, soybean protein concentrate 20%, soybean meal 9%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, wheat-middlings 22.2%, fish oil 7.8%,
Dalcium biphosphate 2%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, sepiellae seu sepiae paste 3%.
Preferably, described vitamin premix includes following components: vitamin b1, vitamin b2, vitamin b3, vitamin
b5, vitamin b6, vitamin b7, vitamin b9, vitamin b12, vitamin c, vitamin d3, vitamin e, vitamin k3, fiber
Alcohol, choline chloride, ethoxy quinoline and bran powder.
Preferably, every kilogram of described vitamin premix includes following components: vitamin b10.03g, vitamin b2
0.04g, vitamin b30.25g, vitamin b50.07g, vitamin b60.025g, vitamin b70.035g, vitamin
b90.0011g, vitamin b120.0002g, vitamin c 2.1g, vitamin d30.004g, vitamin e 0.1g, dimension
Raw element k30.015g, inositol 0.8g, choline chloride 1.75g, ethoxy quinoline 0.2g, balance of bran powder.
Preferably, described mineral substance premix includes following components: naf, ki, cocl2•6h2O, cuso4•5h2O,
feso4•h2O, znso4•h2O, mnso4•h2O, mgso4•7h2O, ca (h2po4)2•h2O, nacl and zeolite powder.
Preferably, every kilogram of described mineral substance premix includes following components: naf 0.004g, ki 0.0016g,
cocl2•6h2O 0.1g, cuso4•5h2O 0.02g, feso4 h2O 0.16g, znso4•h2O 0.1g, mnso4•h2O 0.12g,
mgso4•7h2O 2.4g, ca (h2po4) 2 h2o 6g, nacl 0.2g, balance of zeolite powder.
Preferably, the choline chloride powder that described choline chloride is is 50% choline chloride containing mass fraction.
Preferably, described fish flour adopts steam fish meal.
Technical solution of the present invention is passed through, using commonly using interpolation sepiellae seu sepiae paste in avette silvery pomfret feedstuff, to improve avette silvery pomfret and exist
Grazing rate in the case of low fish flour and the palatability of feedstuff；Sepiellae seu sepiae paste contains multiple nutrient substance such as abundant unsaturated fatty acid,
Avette silvery pomfret fish body health can be strengthened, improve its health level and cultivation survival rate.Prove through culture experiment, added by this
Plus the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed of sepiellae seu sepiae paste, reduce fish meal content in its formula, the grazing rate of avette silvery pomfret can be effectively improved, promote
Enter the growth of avette silvery pomfret, improve the utilization rate of feedstuff, improve premunition and the oxidation resistance of avette silvery pomfret simultaneously, effectively drop
Low aquaculture cost, improves cultivation income.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, with reference to embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is done further
Illustrate, the content that embodiment refers to not limitation of the invention.
In following examples, test is derived from Nanhai Aquatic Inst., Chinese Aquatic Scientific Research Inst's Shenzhen examination with avette silvery pomfret
Test base, test is derived from De Taifeng feedstuff company limited of Lufeng City with sepiellae seu sepiae paste, other each raw materials using commercially available prod are
Can.
Embodiment 1
What the present embodiment provided improves the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed of grazing rate by following percentage by weight by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste
One-tenth be grouped into: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 28.5%, soybean protein concentrate 19.5%, soybean meal 8%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, wheat-middlings 23.6%, fish oil
7.9%, dalcium biphosphate 2.0%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, crow
Crafty cream 1.5%.
Every kilogram of described vitamin premix includes following components and weight: vitamin b10.03g, vitamin b2
0.04g, vitamin b30.25g, vitamin b50.07g, vitamin b60.025g, vitamin b70.035g, vitamin
b90.0011g, vitamin b120.0002g, vitamin c 2.1g, vitamin d30.004g, vitamin e 0.1g, dimension
Raw element k30.015g, inositol 0.8g, choline chloride 1.75g, ethoxy quinoline 0.2g, balance of bran powder.Described vitamin
The preparation method of premix material comprises the following steps: weigh each composition according to proportioning, then mixing all with obtain final product.
Every kilogram of described mineral substance premix includes following components and weight: naf 0.004g, ki 0.0016g, cocl2•
6h2O 0.1g, cuso4•5h2O 0.02g, feso4 h2O 0.16g, znso4•h2O 0.1g, mnso4•h2O 0.12g, mgso4•
7h2O 2.4g, ca (h2po4) 2 h2o 6g, nacl 0.2g, balance of zeolite powder.The preparation method of described mineral substance premix
Comprise the following steps: weigh each composition according to proportioning, then mixing all with obtain final product.
The mass fraction of described choline chloride is 50%, and that is, wherein effectively choline chloride accounts for choline chloride powder gross mass
50%.
cocl2•6h2In o, the content of co is 1%.
The present embodiment provide by add sepiellae seu sepiae paste improve grazing rate avette silvery pomfret mixed feed preparation method as follows:
1) each component solid material, mixing and stirring are accurately weighed；
2) by step 1) the solid material pulverizer after described mix and blend pulverizes and crosses 60 eye mesh screens, adds blender stirring
Mixing 15min；
3) by the feedstuff dry powder blend after fish oil and mixing, then the raw material adding fish oil is poured into blender stirring 15min,
Take out, by f-26 (iii) type Double-screw banded extruder corning after the water stirring 10min being eventually adding feedstuff gross weight 40%
Footpath is the granule of 2.5mm.Use oven for drying after granulation, be then placed into drying in 15 DEG C of air-conditioned rooms standby.
4) the pellet sealed bag after draining is packed and is carried out label, stores in -20 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers.
Embodiment 2
What the present embodiment provided improves the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed of grazing rate by following percentage by weight by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste
One-tenth be grouped into: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 27.0%, soybean protein concentrate 20.0%, soybean meal 9%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, wheat-middlings 22.2%, fish oil
7.8%, dalcium biphosphate 2.0%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, crow
Crafty cream 3.0%；The concrete manufacturing process of the present embodiment avette silvery pomfret mixed feed is shown in described embodiment one.
Embodiment 3
What the present embodiment provided improves the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed of grazing rate by following percentage by weight by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste
One-tenth be grouped into: Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder 25.5%, soybean protein concentrate 20.5%, soybean meal 10%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, wheat-middlings 20.8%, fish oil
7.7%, dalcium biphosphate 2.0%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, soybean lecithin
0.5%, sepiellae seu sepiae paste 4.5%；The concrete manufacturing process of the present embodiment avette silvery pomfret mixed feed is shown in described embodiment one.
After feeding the domestication of commodity fish meal 2 weeks with a collection of avette silvery pomfret, select physical health, the fish of neat specification is used for
Culture experiment, test fish average weight 6.87 ± 0.03g.
Test is carried out on pond floating cage (1m × 1m × 1.2m), selects 12 net cages to be fed, if 1 matched group
With 3 test group, matched group respectively sets 3 parallel, each parallel 25 tail fishes with each test group, feeds 2 times daily, Feeding time
It is respectively 8:30 and 17:30, be satiated with food and feed；Breeding water body salinity 18 ‰ -23 ‰, 23 DEG C -30 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen > 5.0 mg/l,
< 0.14 mg/l, < 0.30mg/l, culture experiment is carried out 8 weeks ammonia nitrogen nitrite altogether.
During culture experiment, matched group feeds common commercial goods feedstuff；The avette silvery pomfret of test group 1-3 feeds respectively
Mixed feed described in embodiment 1-3, matched group is identical with test group feeding conditions；Matched group and test group are with avette silvery pomfret
The same batch of fry of artificial culture then.
Culture experiment stops to feed 1d after terminating, test group and each net cage of matched group are randomly drawed 6 tail fishes and be measured and divide
Analysis, eugenol anesthesia (avette silvery pomfret is put into eugenol and the ratio of water is in the water of 1:10000) weighs afterwards, calculates weightening
Rate, specific growth rate, feed coefficient, grazing rate, coefficient of condition and survival rate；Meanwhile, to the moisture of avette silvery pomfret, crude protein, thick
Fat and ash index of grading are measured.
Rate of body weight gain (wg, %)=100 × (wt-w0)/w0；
Specific growth rate (sgr, %/d)=100 × (wt- w0)/t；
Feed coefficient (fcr)=fi/ (wt-w0)；
Coefficient of condition (k, g/cm3)=fish body weight (g)/(fish length)3(cm)×100；
Wherein, wt is average weight (g) during off-test, and w0 is average weight (g) during on-test, and t is culturing time (d),
Fi is the dry weight (g) of feedstuff of ingesting during test.
Specific growth rate refers to the ratio of rate of growth and growth natural law, is a common counter weighing upgrowth situation, special
Determine rate of growth bigger, represent daily body weight increase faster.
Feed coefficient, also known as increasing meat factor, refers to that cultivating object increases the weight of the consumed feedstuff of a Unit Weight, feedstuff
Coefficient is lower, illustrates that this feed conversion rate improves, this feedstuff using effect is better.
Fish body Analysis of Nutritive Composition: by above-mentioned matched group and test group choose weigh after avette silvery pomfret in -20 DEG C of refrigerators
Preserve, for body composition analysis；Moisture is measured with 105 DEG C of oven methods, and crude protein adopts Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, crude fat
Measured using soxhlet extraction methods, ash adopts 550 DEG C of Muffle furnace calcination methods to measure；All vitality tests are all using test kit side
Method, used kit builds up Bioengineering Research Institute purchased from Nanjing.Used kit includes: total antioxidant capacity (t-aoc) inspection
Test agent box (colorimetry) (a015), total number born (t-sod) testing cassete (hydroxylamine assay) (a001-1), malonaldehyde
(mda) measure test kit (tba method) (a003-1)；Blood respiratory burst activity is measured using nbt method.
Statistical analysiss: one factor analysis of variance is carried out to test data using excel 2010 and spss 20.0 software
(anova) multiple comparisons, are carried out with duncan ' s, p < 0.05 represents significant difference, data is represented with " average ± standard error ".
Result of the test is as follows:
Note: in table, data is meansigma methodss ± standard error, shoulder marking-up mother a, b and c are the Reference character of multiple comparisons in variance analyses,
With the data line shoulder different lower case person's significant differences (p < 0.05) of mark, with person or no shoulder mark person's difference is not or not shoulder marking-up parent phase
Significantly (p > 0.05).
Above result of the test shows: in test group 1 and test group 2 rate of body weight gain and coefficient of condition be all significantly higher than matched group (p <
0.05), illustrate that this mixed feed can promote the growth of avette silvery pomfret.
Test group 1 is substantially less than matched group (p < 0.05) with the feed coefficient with test group 2, illustrates that this mixed feed is permissible
Improve efficiency of feed utilization.
In each test group the full fish crude protein of avette silvery pomfret, crude fat, moisture and ash all do not have significant difference (p >
0.05).
In test group 1 and test group 2, blood respiratory burst activity is significantly higher than matched group (p < 0.05), illustrates that this cooperation is raised
Material can lift the non-specific immunity of avette silvery pomfret, improves premunition.
Avette silvery pomfret liver superoxide dismutase vigor and liver total antioxidant capacity in test group 1 and test group 2
It is significantly higher than matched group (p < 0.05), illustrate that this mixed feed can lift the oxidation resistance of avette silvery pomfret.
Malonaldehyde can reflect the snperoxiaized degree of avette silvery pomfret liver, avette silvery pomfret liver third in test group 1 and test group 2
The level of dialdehyde is less than matched group, but does not have significant difference (p > 0.05).
Compared with matched group, test group 1-3 can be cost-effective 84-252 yuan/ton, according to 150,000 tons avette silvery pomfret feedstuffs/
Year (forage yield data is derived from 2015 feedstuff industry association of Guangdong Province annual meeting proceedings) calculates, and can save 1260-3780 ten thousand every year
Unit.
Conclusion: prove that through culture experiment the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste by this reduces fish in its formula
Powder content, can be effectively improved the grazing rate of avette silvery pomfret, promote the growth of avette silvery pomfret, improve the utilization rate of feedstuff, carry simultaneously
The premunition of high avette silvery pomfret and oxidation resistance, effectively reduce aquaculture cost, improve cultivation income.
It is the better embodiment of the present invention above, but embodiment is not for limiting the present invention, without departing from this
In the spirit and scope of invention, any equivalence changes done or retouching, also belong to the protection domain of the present invention, therefore this
The content that bright protection domain should be defined with claims hereof is as standard.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of by add sepiellae seu sepiae paste improve grazing rate avette silvery pomfret mixed feed it is characterised in that include following weight
The raw material composition of percentage ratio: fish flour 27%～28.5%, soybean protein concentrate 19.5%～20%, soybean meal 8%～9%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%,
Wheat-middlings 22.2%～23.6%, fish oil 7.8%～7.9%, dalcium biphosphate 2%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, chlorine
Change choline 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, sepiellae seu sepiae paste 1.5%～3%.
2. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 1, its feature exists
In including the raw material composition of following percentage by weight: fish flour 27%, soybean protein concentrate 20%, soybean meal 9%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 6%, secondary
Powder 22.2%, fish oil 7.8%, dalcium biphosphate 2%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 1%, choline chloride 0.5%, lecithin
Fat 0.5%, sepiellae seu sepiae paste 3%.
3. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 1 and 2, its feature
It is, described vitamin premix includes following components: vitamin b1, vitamin b2, vitamin b3, vitamin b5, vitamin b6,
Vitamin b7, vitamin b9, vitamin b12, vitamin c, vitamin d3, vitamin e, vitamin k3, inositol, choline chloride,
Ethoxy quinoline and bran powder.
4. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 3, its feature exists
In every kilogram of described vitamin premix includes following components: vitamin b10.03g, vitamin b20.04g, vitamin b3
0.25g, vitamin b50.07g, vitamin b60.025g, vitamin b70.035g, vitamin b90.0011g, dimension life
Plain b120.0002g, vitamin c 2.1g, vitamin d30.004g, vitamin e 0.1g, vitamin k30.015g,
Inositol 0.8g, choline chloride 1.75g, ethoxy quinoline 0.2g, balance of bran powder.
5. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described mineral substance premix includes following components: naf, ki, cocl2•6h2O, cuso4•5h2O, feso4•h2O, znso4•
h2O, mnso4•h2O, mgso4•7h2O, ca (h2po4)2•h2O, nacl and zeolite powder.
6. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 5, its feature exists
In every kilogram of described mineral substance premix includes following components: naf 0.004g, ki 0.0016g, cocl2•6h2O 0.1g,
cuso4•5h2O 0.02g, feso4 h2O 0.16g, znso4•h2O 0.1g, mnso4•h2O 0.12g, mgso4•7h2O 2.4g,
ca(h2po4) 2 h2o 6g, nacl 0.2g, balance of zeolite powder.
7. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the choline chloride powder that described choline chloride is is 50% choline chloride containing mass fraction.
8. the avette silvery pomfret mixed feed improving grazing rate by adding sepiellae seu sepiae paste according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described fish flour adopts steam fish meal.
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| CN110810670A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Trachinotus ovatus juvenile compound feed based on fat powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN112293308A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-02 | 广东大麟洋海洋生物有限公司 | Golden pomfret breeding method |
| CN112970972A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 汕头大学 | A functional fish feed containing rhizoma Amorphophalli polysaccharide |
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| CN110810670A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Trachinotus ovatus juvenile compound feed based on fat powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN112293308A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-02 | 广东大麟洋海洋生物有限公司 | Golden pomfret breeding method |
| CN112970972A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 汕头大学 | A functional fish feed containing rhizoma Amorphophalli polysaccharide |
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