CN106336921A - 一种燃料助剂 - Google Patents

一种燃料助剂 Download PDF

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CN106336921A
CN106336921A CN201610869739.5A CN201610869739A CN106336921A CN 106336921 A CN106336921 A CN 106336921A CN 201610869739 A CN201610869739 A CN 201610869739A CN 106336921 A CN106336921 A CN 106336921A
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蒙呈星
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Guangxi Tonki Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇3～5份、丁烯醇2～4份、异丙醚1～3份、正戊烷4～6份、醋酸丁酯10～15份、氯化石蜡0.3～0.6份、过氧化二异丙苯6～9份、甘油4～7份、乙酸乙酯0.6～0.9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3～6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2～0.7份、聚四氟乙烯2～4份、2，6‑二叔丁基对甲酚0.4～0.9份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.3～0.7份、贝壳粉0.1～0.3份、纳米氧化铈1～3份、纳米镁粉0.2～0.5份。该燃料助剂不仅能显著减少尾气污染物排放，同时还能有效提高燃料燃烧性能，提升汽车动力功能，节省油的用量，是一种很有发展前景的燃料助剂。

Description

一种燃料助剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃料助剂，属于燃料添加剂技术领域。
背景技术
随着社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高，汽车需求量越来越大，同时也意味着车用燃料需求量不断地增加。车用燃料主要包括车用汽油、车用柴油、车用替代燃料(如甲醇、乙醇、乳化燃料、天然气、石油气、氢气)等。车用燃料的品质不仅对汽车的动力性有着直接影响，而且对尾气排放性有着至关重要作用。近年来，汽车尾气导致的大气污染越来越严重，CO、NOx、HC和PM等在城市大气中的含量越来越高，人类生存的生态环境越来越恶劣。基于环保和能源紧缺的考虑，本领域技术人越来越重视对汽车新型替代能源的研究和开发。为了解决这样的技术问题，目前主要是通过在燃料中添加助剂的方法，来实现提高燃料的燃烧性能和减少汽车污染气体的排放。尽管现有的添加助剂可以获得一定的效果，但是效果并不十分理想，还需进一步改善。因此，继续探索与研究燃料助剂非常必要的。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提出了一种能显著减少尾气污染物排放，同时还能有效提高燃料燃烧性能的燃料助剂。
一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇3～5份、丁烯醇2～4份、异丙醚1～3份、正戊烷4～6份、醋酸丁酯10～15份、氯化石蜡0.3～0.6份、过氧化二异丙苯6～9份、甘油4～7份、乙酸乙酯0.6～0.9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3～6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2～0.7份、聚四氟乙烯2～4份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.4～0.9份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.3～0.7份、贝壳粉0.1～0.3份、纳米氧化铈1～3份、纳米镁粉0.2～0.5份。
优选地，
一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇4份、丁烯醇3份、异丙醚2份、正戊烷5份、醋酸丁酯12份、氯化石蜡0.5份、过氧化二异丙苯8份、甘油6份、乙酸乙酯0.8份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5份、聚四氟乙烯3份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.6份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.5份、贝壳粉0.2份、纳米氧化铈2份、纳米镁粉0.3份。
所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由2～4份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、1～3份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、4～6份LaVO3制成。
优选地，
所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由3份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、2份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、5份LaVO3制成。
所述的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.1～0.2μm；所述的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为80～100nm。
在车用燃料中按容量1:800～900的比例，直接添加，混合均匀即可。
在本发明中异丁醇不仅具有改善燃料燃烧性能和橡胶溶胀抑制剂的作用，同时还具有降低燃料中硫的含量作用，从而减少硫化物的排放；丁烯醇、氯化石蜡可提高燃料热值，燃烧效率更高；异丙醚可提高辛烷值，减少尾气排放；正戊烷可改善燃料的燃烧性能；醋酸丁酯起到助溶剂的作用，可提高助剂各种成分在燃料中溶解速度，从而提高燃料的燃烧性能。
过氧化二异丙苯可加速燃料燃烧，缩短燃烧时间，提高燃烧效率；甘油可促进燃料各成分之间充分互溶，提高燃烧性能，同时还可调整燃料的沸点，促进气化；乙酸乙酯既可作为热值提升剂，增加热值，又可以作为腐蚀抑制剂，减少对金属的腐蚀，延长设备的使用寿命，还可对燃料各种组分起到稀释调配作用；脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚具有使油箱内部产生一薄膜层的作用，可防止油污脱落，避免堵塞；辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚起到乳化、皂化的作用，并能抑制金属腐蚀，同时还能充当助溶剂的作用；聚四氟乙烯，能在摩擦部件的表面形成一层很牢固的润滑性薄膜，有效保护部件表层，同时还对生成的碳沉积物具有软化和清洗的功能，起到消除、预防积碳产生作用；2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚，抗氧化能力强，并能降低燃料中硫含量。
钙钛矿型催化剂对CO、NOx、HC和PM具有良好的净化催化作用，从而显著减少尾气污染物排放；贝壳粉可吸附和分解尾气的功能，减少污染物的排放；纳米氧化铈分散在燃料中，形成高度分散化、均匀化和稳定化的悬浮液，使其在燃烧过程中通过换氧催化形成均匀燃烧，从而避免局部高温，同时其还能降低氮氧化合物的排放；纳米镁粉具有高的表面活化能，减少了燃料燃烧过程中副反应的进行，提高了燃烧的效率，同时还能中和部分三氧化硫，从而使烟气中三氧化硫含量降低。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的助剂利用了钙钛矿型催化剂净化催化功能、贝壳粉吸附分解功能、纳米氧化铈催化助燃功能、纳米镁粉促燃中和功能、聚四氟乙烯润滑功能、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚乳化功能及其它试剂辅助功能，科学配伍，形成良好的体系，使燃料燃烧更充分，有效地减少有害气体和黑烟的产生，同时还能显著地减少尾气污染物排放，减少汽车尾气对空气的污染，保护环境。另外，本发明的助剂还能提升汽车动力功能，使汽车处于良好的工作状态，节省油的用量。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇4份、丁烯醇3份、异丙醚2份、正戊烷5份、醋酸丁酯12份、氯化石蜡0.5份、过氧化二异丙苯8份、甘油6份、乙酸乙酯0.8份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5份、聚四氟乙烯3份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.6份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.5份、贝壳粉0.2份、纳米氧化铈2份、纳米镁粉0.3份。
所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由3份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、2份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、5份LaVO3制成。
所述的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.2μm；所述的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为90nm。
在车用燃料中按容量1:850的比例，直接添加，混合均匀即可。
实施例2
一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇3份、丁烯醇2份、异丙醚1份、正戊烷4份、醋酸丁酯10份、氯化石蜡0.3份、过氧化二异丙苯6份、甘油4份、乙酸乙酯0.6份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2份、聚四氟乙烯2份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.4份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.3份、贝壳粉0.1份、纳米氧化铈1份、纳米镁粉0.2份。
所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由2份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、1份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、4份LaVO3制成。
所述的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.1μm；所述的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为80nm。
在车用燃料中按容量1:800的比例，直接添加，混合均匀即可。
实施例3
一种燃料助剂，由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇5份、丁烯醇4份、异丙醚3份、正戊烷6份、醋酸丁酯15份、氯化石蜡0.6份、过氧化二异丙苯9份、甘油7份、乙酸乙酯0.9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.7份、聚四氟乙烯4份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.9份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.7份、贝壳粉0.3份、纳米氧化铈3份、纳米镁粉0.5份。
所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由4份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、3份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、6份LaVO3制成。
所述的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.2μm；所述的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为100nm。
在车用燃料中按容量1:900的比例，直接添加，混合均匀即可。
对比例1(对比例1与实施例1的差别仅在于，对比例1中的钙钛矿催化剂是由3.5份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、1.5份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、4.5份LaVO3制成，其余的同实施例1)。
对比例2(对比例2与实施例1的差别仅在于，对比例2中的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.1μm，其余的同实施例1)。
对比例3(对比例3与实施例1的差别仅在于，对比例3中的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为95nm，其余的同实施例1)。
对比例4(对比例4与实施例1的差别仅在于，对比例4中的在车用燃料中按容量1:880的比例，其余的同实施例1)。
将上述实施例1-3、对比例1-4制得的燃料助剂添加到车用燃料中，并采用现有技术进行测试，测试结果如下表1所示：
表1燃料助剂测试结果
当然，上面只是本发明优选的具体实施方式作了详细描述，并非以此限制本发明的实施范围，凡依本发明的原理、构造以及结构所作的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种燃料助剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇3～5份、丁烯醇2～4份、异丙醚1～3份、正戊烷4～6份、醋酸丁酯10～15份、氯化石蜡0.3～0.6份、过氧化二异丙苯6～9份、甘油4～7份、乙酸乙酯0.6～0.9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3～6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2～0.7份、聚四氟乙烯2～4份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.4～0.9份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.3～0.7份、贝壳粉0.1～0.3份、纳米氧化铈1～3份、纳米镁粉0.2～0.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料助剂，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的各组分制成：异丁醇4份、丁烯醇3份、异丙醚2份、正戊烷5份、醋酸丁酯12份、氯化石蜡0.5份、过氧化二异丙苯8份、甘油6份、乙酸乙酯0.8份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚5份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.5份、聚四氟乙烯3份、2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.6份、钙钛矿型催化剂0.5份、贝壳粉0.2份、纳米氧化铈2份、纳米镁粉0.3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的燃料助剂，其特征在于：所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由2～4份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、1～3份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、4～6份LaVO3制成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的燃料助剂，其特征在于：所述的钙钛矿催化剂是由3份La0.9Sr0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、2份La0.9Na0.1Co0.5Mn0.5O3、5份LaVO3制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的燃料助剂，其特征在于：所述的聚四氟乙烯、钙钛矿型催化剂、贝壳粉的粒径为0.1～0.2μm；所述的纳米氧化铈、纳米镁粉的粒径为80～100nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的燃料助剂，其特征在于：在车用燃料中按容量1:800～900的比例，直接添加，混合均匀即可。
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