CN106329567B - A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106329567B CN106329567B CN201610782642.0A CN201610782642A CN106329567B CN 106329567 B CN106329567 B CN 106329567B CN 201610782642 A CN201610782642 A CN 201610782642A CN 106329567 B CN106329567 B CN 106329567B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- core
- photovoltaic
- voltage
- parallel
- fpga
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013468 resource allocation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H02J3/383—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA, system includes following device: photovoltaic cell PV, electric capacity of voltage regulation, DC/DC translation circuit, DC bus, DC/AC full-bridge inverter, core controller FPGA, AC network and power supply unit, Web server, computer or mobile terminal etc..Wherein, core controller FPGA uses heterogeneous dual-core mode, and core 1 generates prime DC/DC translation circuit, the PWM drive signal of rear class DC/AC full-bridge inverter and MPPT maximum power point tracking MPPT and controls signal；Core 0 carries linux system and carrys out the functions such as operational network service, database and long-range monitoring, the present invention has the advantages that heterogeneous dual-core FPGA parallel processable task, realizes the flexible combination of different function, raising running efficiency of system；Dinuclear Systems are easy to expand, and powerful process performance can be incorporated in small and exquisite shape, and heat low in energy consumption, calculating power consumption generation used in this shape is few.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of new energy technologies more particularly to a kind of based on the photovoltaic parallel in system of FPGA and its realization side
Method.
Background technique
With rapidly depleting for the global reserves energy, the supply of the traditional energies such as coal, petroleum, natural gas is more tight
, in order to alleviate energy and environment crisis, the development and utilization of a renewable energy such as wind energy, solar energy are paid high attention to.
Nearly ten years, solar photovoltaic industry is developed rapidly, and photovoltaic installation total amount is in explosive increase trend in the world.
Only in 2013, global photovoltaic installed capacity increases 38.7GW newly, and total installation of generating capacity reaches 140.6GW, and photovoltaic industry has entered newly
Developing period.
A series of grid-connected problems adjoint simultaneously are also shown especially further, for example, photovoltaic parallel in system is to power grid electric energy matter
The problems such as influence problem of amount, the control problem of inverter, low voltage crossing.Photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system is generated electricity not due to it
Continuity and randomness, system output is unstable, and input network voltage generates fluctuation, to generate a series of electric energy matter to power grid
Measure the influence of aspect.Power electronic equipment in grid-connected system, such as DC/DC translation circuit, inverter are realizing voltage and current
While processing, harmonic current can be generated, voltage waveform is made to generate distortion.The control problem of inverter is to guarantee output electricity
While pressure with the same frequency of network voltage with phase, effectively control exports electric current and simultaneously reduces influence of the harmonic wave to power grid.Meanwhile working as power grid
When bust occurs for voltage, the stability of power distribution network will seriously affect, to influence the normal operation of power grid.In order to mention to greatest extent
High solar utilization rate realizes the safe and effective grid-connected of photovoltaic power generation, and the photovoltaic parallel in system for studying real-time high-efficiency is imperative.
For current photovoltaic parallel in system, it is domestic to the function control of photovoltaic parallel in system use mostly single-chip microcontroller,
The serial structures controller such as digital signal processor DSP or integrated circuit ASIC, the speed of service and scalability need to be mentioned
It is high.Programmable logic array FPGA based on parallel organization operation is capable of the unit module of customized different function, has integrated
The features such as degree is high, resource allocation is flexible and scalability is strong, provides good hardware foundation for photovoltaic parallel in system.Secondly, straight
Stream, AC converter control signal generated frequently with voltage and current double closed-loop PI control method, this method realize it is simple, but it
Dependent on controlled volume error, controls speed and robustness need to be improved.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is dedicated to developing a kind of based on the photovoltaic parallel in system of FPGA and its realization side
Method has the characteristics that integrated level is high, resource allocation is flexible and scalability is strong, improves control speed and robustness.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how be based on FPGA design simultaneously
Net photovoltaic system has the characteristics that integrated level is high, resource allocation is flexible and scalability is strong, improves control speed and robustness.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, including photovoltaic cell PV,
Electric capacity of voltage regulation, DC/DC translation circuit, DC bus, DC/AC full-bridge inverter, core controller FPGA, AC network and confession
Electric equipment, Web server, computer or mobile terminal；Photovoltaic cell PV output is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation, electric capacity of voltage regulation output
Series filtering inductance L1 is in parallel with DC/DC translation circuit again, the output of DC/DC translation circuit through single-phase diode and electric capacity of voltage regulation simultaneously
Connection, then DC/AC full-bridge inverter is connected through DC bus, inverter output series filtering inductance L2 is connected in parallel to through electric capacity of voltage regulation again
AC network, core controller FPGA are configured as the output voltage and current information, DC/DC translation circuit of acquisition photovoltaic cell
Output voltage information and network voltage, current information, by it is customized driving and control module generate needed for signal give
Grid-connected system；Core controller FPGA is configured as connection Web server, realizes system prison by computer or mobile terminal
It surveys.
Further, the photovoltaic cell PV in photovoltaic power generation uses MPPT maximum power point tracking control strategy, passes through core
The customized MPPT functional module of core 1 of heart controller FPGA follows electricity to adjust the load resistance in photovoltaic cell equivalent model
Pond internal resistance；The photovoltaic cell equivalent model is by equivalent current source Iph, forward diode Id, capacitor Cj, PN junction by-pass shunt electricity
Hinder Rsh, series resistance RsWith load RLComposition.
Further, the DC/DC translation circuit uses boost boost conversion circuit, the electric energy generated to photovoltaic inversion
Carry out boosting processing.
Further, the DC/AC full-bridge inverter is configured as the single-phase full bridge inverter circuit of H bridge topological structure,
Middle power switch tube is voltage driven type MOSFET pipe, model IRF3710, maximum voltage 500V, maximum current 57A；Power is opened
The driving circuit for closing pipe is configured as SPWM sinusoidal pulse width modulation and light-coupled isolation, and isolation circuit uses binary channels HCPL-2630
Chip realizes voltage isolation, and driving chip uses special chip IR2410.
Further, the core controller FPGA is the Zynq-7000 of heterogeneous dual-core, in core controller FPGA,
System function is configured as hardware layer, system layer and application layer；Wherein, core 1 be configured as realize photovoltaic parallel in system MPPT,
SPWM, CAP and ADC control, core 0 are configured as transplanting linux system and realize photovoltaic monitoring, comprising: Telnet, data storage
And human-computer interaction, while dinuclear is configured as that real time data interaction can be carried out.
Further, the overall architecture of the core 1 includes SPWM module, CAP trapping module and MPPT module, the SPWM
Module is configured as using control voltage and current double closed-loop sliding mode control strategy, and the frequency and Phase Tracking of the CAP module are logical
Phaselocked loop realization is crossed, the phaselocked loop is a closed-loop control system, by the frequency and phase of real-time detection network voltage, into
Row automatically track, make inverter output current frequency and phase and network voltage it is almost the same, control precision directly affect
The grid-connected performance of photovoltaic system.
Further, the overall architecture of the core 0 includes the linux system file of transplanting compiling, Web interactive interface and more
The application program of thread, the Web interactive interface calls the information exchange for realizing web interface and host by cgi script, described
The application program of multithreading includes that web data sends and receivees communication thread, overcurrent between thread, database purchase thread, double-core
Over-voltage and system exception protect thread.
Further, Web server is configured as that Boa is embedded, and the standard interface of Boa server and application program uses
CGI；Database Systems are small-sized SQLite database；Man-machine interface includes that login interface, photovoltaic administration interface, real time information are aobvious
Show interface and historical data display interface.
Further, the core 0 runs linux system, the core 1 runs grid-connected application program, the core 0 and core
1 publicly-owned resource and private privileges is configured as realizing and communicate that the OCM is configured as in one piece of company by publicly-owned resource OCM
Resource is distributed in continuous memory, address after being mapped using memory is accessed；The core 0 uses question and answer mechanism with core 1 and avoids
Dinuclear generates communication contention aware.
The present invention also provides a kind of implementation methods of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, comprising the following steps: uses
Photovoltaic parallel in system of the claim 1~9 described in any one；Controller FPGA acquires the associated voltage in photovoltaic parallel in system
Current signal obtains DC/DC translation circuit, the driving of DC/AC full-bridge inverter and photovoltaic electric by the processing and transmission of core 1
The control signal in pond, and be applied in grid-connected system；Photovoltaic cell converts the solar into electric energy, boosts and becomes through boost
Change the input that circuit raises allow to inverter circuit；Then DC voltage is become into suitable alternating voltage through full bridge inverter
It is fed back to AC network, to realize the effective grid-connected of photovoltaic power generation；Meanwhile core 0 carries out real time data with core 1 and interacts,
Photovoltaic parallel in system is remotely monitored on linux system, monitoring system includes user's login, database, network server, exploitation
The communication of Web page and multithreading；User checks system running state and real-time, history number by mobile device or computer
It is believed that breath.
It is an object of the invention to overcome photovoltaic parallel in system the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of photovoltaic based on FPGA is provided
Grid-connected system, using heterogeneous dual-core FPGA as core controller, it can be achieved that the flexible combination of different function, improves system controlling
Can, while The present invention gives grid-connected concrete methods of realizing, mainly adopt the following technical scheme that
A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, including following device: photovoltaic cell PV, electric capacity of voltage regulation, DC/DC transformation
Circuit, DC bus, DC/AC full-bridge inverter, core controller FPGA, AC network and power supply unit, Web server,
Computer or mobile terminal etc..Photovoltaic cell output it is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation, capacitor output series filtering inductance L1 again with DC/
DC translation circuit is in parallel, and the output of DC/DC translation circuit is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation through single-phase diode, then connects through DC bus
DC/AC full-bridge inverter, inverter output series filtering inductance L2 are connected in parallel to AC network through electric capacity of voltage regulation again.Core controller
FPGA then acquires the output voltage and current information of photovoltaic cell, the output voltage information of DC/DC translation circuit and power grid electricity
Pressure, current information, the signal needed for being generated by customized driving and control module is to grid-connected system.It connects Web clothes simultaneously
Business device, passes through computer or mobile terminal realizes system monitoring.
The part PV in the photovoltaic power generation uses MPPT maximum power point tracking control strategy, passes through core controller FPGA's
The customized MPPT functional module of core 1, follows the internal resistance of cell to adjust the load resistance in photovoltaic cell equivalent model, thus real
Existing maximum power of photovoltaic cell output.The photovoltaic cell equivalent model is by equivalent current source Iph, forward diode Id, capacitor
Cj, PN junction by-pass shunt resistance Rsh, series resistance RsWith load RLDeng composition.Battery model structure is simple, and internal resistance is that circuit is defeated
Impedance out.
The DC/DC translation circuit uses boost boost conversion circuit, and the electric energy generated to photovoltaic inversion carries out at boosting
Reason, to reduce its energy consumption when transmitting on DC bus.
The DC/AC full-bridge inverter selects the single-phase full bridge inverter circuit of H bridge topological structure, and wherein power switch tube is
Voltage driven type MOSFET pipe, model IRF3710, maximum voltage 500V, maximum current 57A.According to SPWM sinusoidal pulse width modulation
Its driving circuit of Technology design, and joined light-coupled isolation in the design.Isolation circuit uses binary channels HCPL-2630 chip
Realize voltage isolation, driving chip uses special chip IR2410, it has binary channels, and driving capability is strong, can drive high pressure height
The voltage driven type switching tube of speed.
The core controller FPGA selects the Zynq-7000 model of heterogeneous dual-core.In FPGA, system function realizes master
It to include three layers: hardware layer, system layer and application layer.In FPGA, core 1 realizes the relevant control of photovoltaic parallel in system, main complete
At MPPT, SPWM, CAP and ADC scheduling algorithm programming, core 0 transplants linux system, realizes photovoltaic monitoring, comprising: remotely step on
Record, data storage and human-computer interaction etc., while dinuclear can also carry out real time data interaction.
The software realization overall architecture of the core controller FPGA center 1: SPWM module, CAP are captured including realizing
The design of module and MPPT module etc., and to programs such as frequency-tracking, Phase Tracking, ADC sampling, isolated island detection and MPPT algorithms
It is designed.Wherein, the customed IP kernel of multiple FPGA, in conjunction with DDS and sliding mode technology, generates SPWM such as at Matlab
The IP kernel of module need to only change the frequency and reference phase of SPWM module in program, can flexibly realize the real-time of SPWM wave
It updates.SPWM control mainly uses voltage and current double closed-loop sliding mode control strategy, and this method can make inverter output voltage quick
Reach the specified requirement of power grid.The capture logic of CAP signal has been write simultaneously, is generated the IP kernel of CAP trapping module, has been customized CAP
Registers, the frequency and the Phase Tracking such as mains frequency, phase and the reverse frequency of module, phase pass through phaselocked loop and realize.
Phaselocked loop is a closed-loop control system, it passes through the frequency and phase of real-time detection network voltage, is automatically tracked, is made inverse
The frequency and phase and network voltage of change device output electric current are almost the same, and control precision directly affects the grid-connected property of photovoltaic system
Energy.
The software realization overall architecture of the core controller FPGA center 0: including transplanting compiling Uboot, Kernal,
The linux systems file such as Devicetree and Rootfs, devises Web interactive interface, is called by cgi script, realizes Web circle
The information exchange in face and host.The application program for having write multithreading simultaneously, sends and receivees thread, data comprising web data
The threads such as communication thread, overcurrent-overvoltage and system exception protection between inventory's storage line journey, double-core.System uses B/S framework, passes through
The long-range monitoring to entire photovoltaic parallel in system is realized in Web service.
The Web photovoltaic monitoring Boa embedded web server that Systematic selection is small in size, performance is high, it responds fast, money
Source expense is small, can support dynamic CGI and open source.It is connect using CGI as the standard of Boa server and application program
Mouthful, the small-sized SQLite database of Systematic selection, it occupies, and resource is few, overhead is low, uses simple and flexible.Man-machine interface is base
It is write in HTML/JSP language, mainly has login interface, photovoltaic administration interface, real time information display interface and historical data aobvious
Show interface.
The mechanism that the core 0 runs linux system, core 1 runs grid-connected application program is that a kind of asymmetric isomery is more
Treatment mechanism is an important breakthrough of embedded development.In FPGA, core 0 and core 1 have publicly-owned resource (such as Global Timer)
With private privileges (such as privately owned interruption), they are realized by publicly-owned resource OCM and are communicated.OCM is distributed in one piece of continuous memory
Resource, it is one piece of shared drive, and the address after needing to be mapped using memory is accessed.There is/dev/shm under facility inventory
Device file passes through the starting mapping address for the shared drive that open function and mmap function can obtain.It carries out in a program macro
Definition, wherein COMM_BASE is the start physical address of double intercore communications, and the communication of corresponding offset is added after access map
Double intercore communications can be realized in address.In addition using question and answer mechanism avoids dinuclear from generating communication contention aware.
The present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic parallel in system implementation methods, use photovoltaic parallel in system recited above, control
Device FPGA acquires the associated voltage current signal in photovoltaic parallel in system, by the processing and transmission of core 1, obtains DC/DC transformation
The control signal of circuit, the driving of DC/AC full-bridge inverter and photovoltaic cell, and be applied in grid-connected system.Photovoltaic electric
Pond converts the solar into electric energy, and the input of inverter circuit permission is promoted to through boost boost conversion circuit, thus in direct current mother
Energy loss will be reduced when transmitting on line.Then DC voltage is become suitable alternating voltage through full bridge inverter to be fed back to
AC network, to realize the effective grid-connected of photovoltaic power generation.Meanwhile core 0 and core 1 carry out data real-time, interactive, it can be in Linux system
On system realize photovoltaic parallel in system long-range monitoring, monitoring system carried out comprising user's login, database, network server,
Develop the design such as communication of Web page and multithreading.User can check that system is run by mobile device or computer at any time
The information such as state and real-time, historical data.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, heterogeneous dual-core FPGA parallel processable task realizes the flexible combination of different function, improves running efficiency of system.
2, Dinuclear Systems are easy to expand, and can incorporate powerful process performance in small and exquisite shape, used in this shape
Heat that is low in energy consumption, calculating power consumption generation is few.
3, the SPWM control of inverter mainly uses voltage and current double closed-loop active control, should compared with conventional PI control
Method strong robustness, control speed is fast, and inverter output voltage and power grid reference voltage are almost the same.
4, Linux uses B/S framework, is serviced by Web network, and user uses computer or mobile terminal accessing webpage, real
Now to the long-range monitoring of photovoltaic parallel in system.
It is described further below with reference to technical effect of the attached drawing to design of the invention, specific structure and generation, with
It is fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic parallel in system structure chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the equivalent model of photovoltaic cell of the invention；
Fig. 3 is inverter circuit figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is inverter driving circuit figure of the invention；
Fig. 5 is double-core FPGA system functional block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is 1 main program flow chart of core of the invention；
Fig. 7 is inverter SPWM control structure figure of the invention；
Fig. 8 is phase-locked loop structures figure of the invention；
Fig. 9 is 1 main program functional block diagram of core of the invention；
Figure 10 is 0 software architecture diagram of core of the invention；
Figure 11 is CGI work flow diagram of the invention；
Figure 12 is linux system programming organization figure of the invention；
Figure 13 is 0 Booting sequence figure of core of the invention；
Figure 14 is user's login interface of Web page system of the invention；
Figure 15 is information matches test chart of the invention；
Figure 16 is the grid-connected main interface of Web page system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, knot are as shown in Figure 1.System mainly includes following device: photovoltaic electric
Pond PV, electric capacity of voltage regulation, DC/DC translation circuit, DC bus, DC/AC full-bridge inverter, core controller FPGA, AC network
And power supply unit, Web server, computer or mobile terminal etc..Photovoltaic cell output is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation, and capacitor is defeated
Series filtering inductance L1 is in parallel with DC/DC translation circuit again out, and DC/DC translation circuit is exported through single-phase diode and electric capacity of voltage regulation
Parallel connection, then DC/AC full-bridge inverter is connected through DC bus, inverter exports series filtering inductance L2 again through electric capacity of voltage regulation parallel connection
To AC network.Core controller FPGA then acquire photovoltaic cell output voltage and current information, DC/DC translation circuit it is defeated
Information of voltage and network voltage, current information out, the signal needed for being generated by customized driving and control module is to grid-connected
System.It connects Web server simultaneously, realizes system monitoring by computer or mobile terminal.
The part PV in photovoltaic power generation uses MPPT maximum power point tracking control strategy, passes through the core 1 of core controller FPGA
Customized MPPT functional module follows the internal resistance of cell to adjust the load resistance in photovoltaic cell equivalent model, to realize
Maximum power of photovoltaic cell output.Photovoltaic cell equivalent model is by equivalent current source Iph, forward diode Id, capacitor Cj, PN junction
By-pass shunt resistance Rsh, series resistance RsWith load RLDeng composition, circuit structure is as shown in Figure 2.Battery model structure is simple,
Internal resistance is circuit output impedance.
DC/DC translation circuit uses boost boost conversion circuit, and the electric energy generated to photovoltaic inversion carries out boosting processing,
To reduce its energy consumption when transmitting on DC bus.DC/AC full-bridge inverter selects the single-phase full bridge of H bridge topological structure inverse
Power transformation road, circuit structure are as shown in Figure 3.Wherein power switch tube is that voltage driven type MOSFET is managed, model IRF3710, most
The driving design of big voltage 500V, maximum current 57A, IRF3710 are simple, on-off switching is fast, conducting resistance is small, switching loss
It is low, so that whole inversion efficiency can be improved.
Inverter driving circuit is the key component of entire inverter circuit, and structure is as shown in Figure 4.This circuit is based on SPWM
SPWM Technique design, and joined light-coupled isolation in the design.Its working principle is that: it is passed through when four road SPWM waves export
After two panels light-coupled isolation, it is input to two panels special driving chip, exports the SPWM wave strong with driving capability, is sent into inverter bridge power
Switching device.Voltage isolation is realized using binary channels HCPL-2630 chip, driving chip uses high performance special chip
IR2410, its band binary channels, driving force is strong, can drive the voltage driven type switching tube of high-voltage high-speed.
The Zynq-7000 model of core controller FPGA selection heterogeneous dual-core.In FPGA, system function realizes main packet
Include three layers: hardware layer, system layer and application layer, functional block diagram are as shown in Figure 5.In FPGA, core 1 realizes photovoltaic parallel in system
Relevant control mainly completes the programming of MPPT, SPWM, CAP and ADC scheduling algorithm, and core 0 transplants linux system, realizes photovoltaic prison
It surveys, comprising: Telnet, data storage and human-computer interaction etc., while dinuclear can also carry out real time data interaction.
The software design of FPGA center 1 mainly includes realizing setting to SPWM module, CAP trapping module and MPPT module etc.
Meter, and the programs such as frequency-tracking, Phase Tracking, ADC sampling and MPPT algorithm are designed.Wherein, customed multiple
The IP kernel of FPGA, in conjunction with DDS and sliding mode technology, generates the IP kernel of SPWM module, only needs to change in program such as at Matlab
The frequency and reference phase of SPWM module can flexibly realize the real-time update of SPWM wave.SPWM control mainly uses voltage
Current double closed-loop sliding mode control strategy, this method can make inverter output voltage be rapidly achieved the specified requirement of power grid.It writes simultaneously
The capture logic of CAP signal generates the IP kernel of CAP trapping module, has customized mains frequency, phase and the inversion of CAP module
The registers such as frequency, phase, the frequency and Phase Tracking are realized by phaselocked loop.Phaselocked loop is a closed-loop control system,
It passes through the frequency and phase of real-time detection network voltage, is automatically tracked, makes the frequency and phase of inverter output current
Almost the same with network voltage, control precision directly affects the grid-connected performance of photovoltaic system.1 main program flow chart of core such as Fig. 6
It is shown.
Wherein the SPWM control of inverter mainly uses voltage and current double closed-loop active control, control structure such as Fig. 7 institute
Show.Accurate grid-connected voltage is obtained, accurate inverter switching device signal is needed.In order to improve grid-connected performance, the present invention is using master
Dynamic sliding-mode control carries out tracing control by power grid reference value to inverter output voltage electric current.Controller is cut using switch
The form that exchange the letters number and feedback combine, it is assumed that network voltage, current reference value and actual output voltage, current deviation eu=
uref-uo, ei=iref(uu)-io.Define sliding surface su=eu, si=ei, then voltage and current two-stage sliding mode controller uses this shape
Formula uu=-ρusgn(eu)-kueu, ui=-ρisgn(ei)-kiei, wherein ρu, ku, ρi, kiIt is the constant greater than zero.With it is traditional
PI control is compared, this method strong robustness, and control speed is fast, and inverter output voltage and power grid reference voltage are almost the same.
Fig. 8 is phase-locked loop structures figure of the invention.As seen from the figure, phaselocked loop is mainly by digital phase discriminator PD, loop filtering
The part such as device LF and digital vco DCO constitutes degeneration factor, and digital phase discriminator detects input signal and feedback letter
Number phase difference, the phase of output signal is adjusted with this, so that output signal accurately tracks the frequency and phase of input signal.It is first
Mains frequency is first sampled, is compared through frequency multiplication with feedback frequency, digital phase discriminator frequency and phase discrimination obtains deviation voltage, using
Digital vco DCO obtains mains frequency and tracking lock mains frequency, frequency of the frequency as inverter modulating wave,
Modulating wave and triangle wave obtain switching tube trigger pulse, thus the conducting of control switch pipe, so that inversion output
Voltage is consistent with the frequency of network voltage and phase.
The programming of whole system mainly includes main program and interruption subroutine.Main program mainly has: system frequency with
The programmings such as track, Phase Tracking programming, SPWM programming, double intercore communications and liquid crystal real-time display.Interrupt service
Subprogram mainly has: timer interruption MPPT program, ADC interrupt routine, CAP capture interrupt routine and protection interrupt routine etc..
1 main program functional block diagram of FPGA core is as shown in Figure 9.
Figure 10 gives the software realization overall architecture of core controller FPGA core 0, including transplanting compiling Uboot,
The linux systems file such as Kernal, Devicetree and Rootfs, devises Web interactive interface, is called by cgi script, real
The information exchange of existing web interface and host.The application program for having write multithreading simultaneously, sends and receivees line comprising web data
The threads such as communication thread, overcurrent-overvoltage and system exception protection between journey, database purchase thread, double-core.System uses B/S frame
Structure realizes the long-range monitoring to entire photovoltaic parallel in system by Web service.
The Web photovoltaic monitoring Boa embedded web server that Systematic selection is small in size, performance is high, it responds fast, resource and opens
It sells small, can support dynamic CGI and open source.Standard interface using CGI as Boa server and application program is
System selects small-sized SQLite database, it occupies, and resource is few, overhead is low, uses simple and flexible.Man-machine interface is to be based on
HTML/JSP language is write, and mainly has login interface, photovoltaic administration interface, real time information display interface and historical data to show
Interface.
CGI is common gateway interface, it is the standard interface between systematic difference program and Web server, can make CGI
Program and Web server carry out information transmitting, and CGI interfacing makes server and browser generate good interactivity.Its work
It is as shown in figure 11 to make flow chart., need to be comprising corresponding documents such as cgi.c and cgi.h when compiling CGI application program, wherein cgi.c is literary
The interface function and variable of CGI application program are defined in part, and the function stated in cgi.c file in cgi.h file connects
Mouth and variable, the file that compiling generates .cgi need to be combined by customized source file with cgi.c by generating specified file destination.
When webpage submits Form list, i.e., it can call corresponding .cgi file destination in www/cgi.bin/, while server
Corresponding .cgi is called also to transmit information to webpage.
When linux system executing application, program has to pass through that cross-compiler is compiled, and is the mesh of ARM format
Mark file.After linux system starting, application program is added in/etc/init.d/rcS booting script, application can be realized
The starting up of program.It needs to execute multiple threads after system starting, the control command line sent including reception Web page
Journey sends data to the protection thread such as communication thread, overcurrent-overvoltage between Web page display thread, database thread, double-core and is
Exception of uniting thread.Linux system programming organization is as shown in figure 12.
The mechanism that core 0 runs linux system, core 1 runs grid-connected application program is a kind of asymmetric isomery multiprocessing
Mechanism is an important breakthrough of embedded development.In FPGA, core 0 and core 1 have publicly-owned resource (such as Global Timer) and private
There is resource (such as privately owned interruption), they are realized by publicly-owned resource OCM and are communicated.OCM distributes resource in one piece of continuous memory,
It is one piece of shared drive, and address after needing to be mapped using memory is accessed.There is/dev/shm equipment under facility inventory
File passes through the starting mapping address for the shared drive that open function and mmap function can obtain.Macrodefinition is carried out in a program,
Wherein COMM_BASE is the start physical address of double intercore communications, and the mailing address of corresponding offset is added after access map,
Double intercore communications can be realized.In addition using question and answer mechanism avoids dinuclear from generating communication contention aware.I.e. when core 1 sends number to core 0
According to core 1 sets 1 for mark is sent, while sending data.Core 0, which recycles to read, sends mark, if sending mark sets 1, that is, reads data
And clear to send mark.Similarly, data are sent when core 1 receives core 0, reception flag is set 1 by core 0, while receiving data.Core 1 follows
Ring reads reception flag, if reception flag sets 1, that is, reads data and removes reception flag.
0 Booting sequence of core is as shown in figure 13, and core 0 is responsible for operation linux system and realizes what photovoltaic parallel in system remotely monitored
Function, while waking up and monitoring core 1.Network communication based on linux system is completed using B/S framework, realizes Telnet, reality
When display, alarm and database store function.
New user must first register to be logged in afterwards, and user name or password otherwise can be prompted to malfunction, after succeeding in registration, the surname of user
Name and password have all been stored in database.When clicking login button, system is according to the user name in user name reading database
It is matched with password.System adds Debugging message in test, and user's login interface is as shown in figure 14, and information matches are tested such as
Shown in Figure 15, top half is that the username and password printed is matched from database, and lower half portion is the use that user logs in
Name in an account book and password prompt " Login successful if successful match！", and jump main interface, otherwise prompt it is unsuccessful,
And jump back to login interface.Photovoltaic administration interface sends data to host, executes corresponding function.Grid-connected main interface such as Figure 16
It is shown.
The present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic parallel in system implementation methods, use photovoltaic parallel in system recited above, control
Device FPGA acquires the associated voltage current signal in photovoltaic parallel in system, by the processing and transmission of core 1, obtains DC/DC transformation
The control signal of circuit, the driving of DC/AC full-bridge inverter and photovoltaic cell, and be applied in grid-connected system.Photovoltaic electric
Pond converts the solar into electric energy, and the input of inverter circuit permission is promoted to through boost boost conversion circuit, thus in direct current mother
Energy loss will be reduced when transmitting on line.Then DC voltage is become suitable alternating voltage through full bridge inverter to be fed back to
AC network, to realize the effective grid-connected of photovoltaic power generation.Meanwhile core 0 and core 1 carry out data real-time, interactive, it can be in Linux system
On system realize photovoltaic parallel in system long-range monitoring, monitoring system carried out comprising user's login, database, network server,
Develop the design such as communication of Web page and multithreading.User can check that system is run by mobile device or computer at any time
The information such as state and real-time, historical data.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this field is without wound
The property made labour, which according to the present invention can conceive, makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art
Pass through the available technology of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Scheme, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, which is characterized in that including photovoltaic cell PV, electric capacity of voltage regulation, DC/DC transformation
Circuit, DC bus, DC/AC full-bridge inverter, core controller FPGA, AC network and power supply unit, Web server,
Computer or mobile terminal；Photovoltaic cell PV output is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation, and electric capacity of voltage regulation exports series filtering inductance L1 again
In parallel with DC/DC translation circuit, the output of DC/DC translation circuit is in parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation through single-phase diode, then through DC bus
DC/AC full-bridge inverter is connected, inverter output series filtering inductance L2 is connected in parallel to AC network, core control through electric capacity of voltage regulation again
Device FPGA processed is configured as the output voltage of acquisition photovoltaic cell and the output voltage information of current information, DC/DC translation circuit
And network voltage, current information, the signal needed for being generated by customized driving and control module is to grid-connected system；Core control
Device FPGA processed is configured as connection Web server, realizes system monitoring by computer or mobile terminal；
The photovoltaic cell PV uses MPPT maximum power point tracking control strategy, customized by the core 1 of core controller FPGA
MPPT functional module follows the internal resistance of cell to adjust the load resistance in photovoltaic cell equivalent model；The equivalent mould of photovoltaic cell
Type is by equivalent current source Iph, forward diode Id, capacitor Cj, PN junction by-pass shunt resistance Rsh, series resistance Rs and load RL
Composition；
The core controller FPGA is the Zynq-7000 of heterogeneous dual-core, and in core controller FPGA, system function is configured
For hardware layer, system layer and application layer；Wherein, core 1 is configured as realizing MPPT, SPWM, CAP and ADC of photovoltaic parallel in system
Control, core 0 are configured as transplanting linux system and realize photovoltaic monitoring, comprising: Telnet, data storage and human-computer interaction, together
When dinuclear be configured as can carrying out real time data interaction.
2. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the DC/DC translation circuit uses boost liter
Translation circuit is pressed, the electric energy generated to photovoltaic inversion carries out boosting processing.
3. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the DC/AC full-bridge inverter is configured as H
The single-phase full bridge inverter circuit of bridge topological structure, wherein power switch tube is that voltage driven type MOSFET is managed, model IRF3710,
Maximum voltage 500V, maximum current 57A；The driving circuit of power switch tube be configured as SPWM sinusoidal pulse width modulation and optocoupler every
From isolation circuit realizes voltage isolation using binary channels HCPL-2630 chip, and driving chip uses special chip IR2410.
4. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the overall architecture of the core 1 includes SPWM mould
Block, CAP trapping module and MPPT module, the SPWM module are configured as using control voltage and current double closed-loop sliding formwork control plan
Slightly, the frequency and Phase Tracking of the CAP module realize that the phaselocked loop is a closed-loop control system by phaselocked loop, lead to
The frequency and phase for crossing real-time detection network voltage, are automatically tracked, make inverter output current frequency and phase and electricity
Net voltage is almost the same, and control precision directly affects the grid-connected performance of photovoltaic system.
5. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the overall architecture of the core 0 includes that transplanting is compiled
The application program of the linux system file, Web interactive interface and multithreading translated, the Web interactive interface pass through cgi script tune
With the information exchange for realizing web interface and host, the application program of the multithreading include Web data receiver and send thread,
Communication thread, overcurrent-overvoltage and system exception protect thread between database purchase thread, double-core.
6. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that it is embedded that Web server is configured as Boa,
Boa server and the standard interface of application program use CGI；Database Systems are small-sized SQLite database；Man-machine interface packet
Include login interface, photovoltaic administration interface, real time information display interface and historical data display interface.
7. photovoltaic parallel in system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the core 0 runs linux system, the core 1
Grid-connected application program is run, the publicly-owned resource and private privileges of the core 0 and core 1 are configured as through publicly-owned resource OCM
Realize communication, the OCM is configured as distributing resource in one piece of continuous memory, and the address after mapping using memory is visiting
It asks；The core 0 uses question and answer mechanism with core 1 and dinuclear is avoided to generate communication contention aware.
8. a kind of implementation method of the photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA, which comprises the following steps: wanted using right
Seek 1~7 photovoltaic parallel in system described in any one；Controller FPGA acquires the associated voltage electric current letter in photovoltaic parallel in system
Number, by the processing and transmission of core 1, obtain the control of DC/DC translation circuit, the driving of DC/AC full-bridge inverter and photovoltaic cell
Signal processed, and be applied in grid-connected system；Photovoltaic cell converts the solar into electric energy, through boost boost conversion circuit
It is promoted to the input of inverter circuit permission；Then DC voltage is become suitable alternating voltage through full bridge inverter to be fed back to
AC network, to realize the effective grid-connected of photovoltaic power generation；Meanwhile core 0 carries out real time data with core 1 and interacts, in linux system
Upper long-range monitoring photovoltaic parallel in system, monitoring system include user's logins, database, network server, develop Web page and
The communication of multithreading；User checks system running state and real-time, historical data information by mobile device or computer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610782642.0A CN106329567B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610782642.0A CN106329567B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106329567A CN106329567A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106329567B true CN106329567B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
Family
ID=57790021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610782642.0A Active CN106329567B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106329567B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108199403A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-06-22 | 广西师范大学 | Solar energy distribution system based on FPGA |
| CN111033432B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2022-03-04 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Solar power generation system and power conditioner |
| CN108649897A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏佳讯纳通能源技术有限公司 | Long-range photovoltaic string formation IV curve detections system based on GPRS and detection method |
| CN108879774A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of pressure photovoltaic cogeneration exchange grid-connection control system |
| CN109546684B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2024-04-02 | 辽宁恒顺新能源科技有限公司 | Micro-grid power supply system |
| CN111082691B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-01-01 | 湖北民族大学 | Method and system for generating SPWM wave by utilizing FPGA |
| CN111444803B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-07-11 | 北京迈格威科技有限公司 | Image processing method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114285283A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-04-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | DC conversion system |
| CN113342123B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2023-05-02 | 上海电机学院 | MPPT control method based on butterfly optimization algorithm |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4267541B2 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2009-05-27 | パナソニックエコシステムズ株式会社 | Power supply |
| CN101630697A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-01-20 | 浙江光益光能科技有限公司 | Maximal power matched transmission converting method and maximal power matched transmission converting device of photovoltaic cell |
| CN102981440A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent device monitoring and managing system based on software as a service (SaaS) |
| CN104821607A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 东北大学 | Photovoltaic microgrid power equalization control method based on three-end cooperative control |
| CN206595719U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-10-27 | 上海新华控制技术集团科技有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA |
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 CN CN201610782642.0A patent/CN106329567B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4267541B2 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2009-05-27 | パナソニックエコシステムズ株式会社 | Power supply |
| CN101630697A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-01-20 | 浙江光益光能科技有限公司 | Maximal power matched transmission converting method and maximal power matched transmission converting device of photovoltaic cell |
| CN102981440A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent device monitoring and managing system based on software as a service (SaaS) |
| CN104821607A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 东北大学 | Photovoltaic microgrid power equalization control method based on three-end cooperative control |
| CN206595719U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-10-27 | 上海新华控制技术集团科技有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106329567A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106329567B (en) | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system and its implementation based on FPGA | |
| Sabarish et al. | Investigation on performance of solar photovoltaic fed hybrid semi impedance source converters | |
| CN103427609B (en) | Harmonic characteristic analytical method of MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter) | |
| Patrao et al. | Grid‐tie inverter topology with maximum power extraction from two photovoltaic arrays | |
| CN103219733B (en) | The method of utilizing distributing generating reactive power compensator to carry out harmonic wave inhibition | |
| Moon et al. | Maximum power point tracking without current sensor for photovoltaic module integrated converter using Zigbee wireless network | |
| CN206595719U (en) | A kind of photovoltaic parallel in system based on FPGA | |
| CN103455554A (en) | Intelligent power distribution network model base system | |
| Gu et al. | Congestion-induced wind curtailment: Sensitivity analysis and case studies | |
| CN203071590U (en) | Power optimization device, solar panel and grid-connected power generation system | |
| CN106412013B (en) | Linux-based photovoltaic grid-connected Web monitoring system | |
| Zhao et al. | Photovoltaic generator model for power system dynamic studies | |
| CN102856928A (en) | Inverter | |
| Restrepo-Zambrano et al. | Experimental framework for laboratory scale microgrids | |
| CN113849957A (en) | Photovoltaic inverter model selection method, electronic device and machine-readable storage medium | |
| Barzilai et al. | Energy storage systems—grid connection using synchronverters | |
| WO2018170368A1 (en) | Micro inverter and controller | |
| CN202150804U (en) | AC adjustable special-purpose power supply for electric power measuring | |
| Vandoorn et al. | Decentralized and centralized control of islanded microgrids including reserve management | |
| Zhu et al. | Network communication monitoring system of distributed PV power generation system | |
| Bizhani et al. | Current stress and switching loss evaluation of a unified expandable power converter used for grid‐integration of renewable energy sources | |
| CN103427437A (en) | Central controller device | |
| CN103178519B (en) | The method of power oscillation of power system disturbing source is located in real time based on SCADA data | |
| CN205829187U (en) | Photovoltaic plant accesses the anti-isolated island protection device of power system | |
| CN103116337A (en) | Dual mode photovoltaic monitor controller with function of generating capacity prediction |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |