CN106319392B - A kind of stainless sand and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of stainless sand and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106319392B CN106319392B CN201610781375.5A CN201610781375A CN106319392B CN 106319392 B CN106319392 B CN 106319392B CN 201610781375 A CN201610781375 A CN 201610781375A CN 106319392 B CN106319392 B CN 106319392B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002165 CarbonCast Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F2009/0804—Dispersion in or on liquid, other than with sieves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of stainless sand and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal abrasives production technical field.By percentage to the quality, comprising following composition：C 0.7 ~ 3.5%, Si 0.1 ~ 2.0%, Mn 0.35 ~ 2.0%, S 0.0001 ~ 0.1%, P 0.0001 ~ 0.1%, Cr 10.5 ~ 35%, Mo 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Ti 0.001 ~ 2.0%, V 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Ni 0.001 ~ 9.0%, Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5% and Al 0.001 ~ 0.05%, remaining is Fe.Stainless the sand wearability and corrosion resistance and good, case hardness are high, non-breakable in bruting process to get rusty, and have longer service life.Using stainless sand made from preparation method of the present invention, the endurance damage capability of stainless sand can be further improved, improves anti-wear performance.
Description
Technical field
A kind of stainless sand and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal abrasives production technical field.
Background technology
At present, the main metal abrasives of in the market have：High carbon cast steel ball, low shellfish shot.Non-metallic abrasive has：Garnet,
Brown Alundum, copper ore etc..Steel sand can be made in high carbon cast steel ball, and it is deep to form the anchor line needed for the surface treatment before application
Degree.Though low shellfish shot can only accomplish HRC50 or so with higher fatigue life, hardness, steel sand can not be made；Nonmetallic mill
Expect that percentage of damage is high, seriously polluted, do not meet environmental requirement.But steel sand made of high-carbon shot, have Fe atoms in cleaning
Surface is remained in, so as to cause corrosion to change colour, influences coating quality.Therefore, a kind of metal sand is developed, can be solved because of Fe atoms
Corrosion discoloration problem is remained, and can is made angular shape and forms the depth of abrasion pattern needed, meets coating specification, turns into wanting for market
Ask.My company proposes the research and development of the high stainless sand of Cr metals, adapts to the demand in market.
Applicant has found existing stainless sand under study for action, and there are the following problems：First, stainless sand in the prior art is wear-resisting
Performance and hardness are undesirable, and anti-fatigue performance is low, not wear-resisting in bruting process, and broken, and service life is shorter；Secondly,
Stainless sand is corrosion-resistant in the prior art, rustless property is undesirable, equally brings harmful effect to stainless sand service life, needs continuous
The new stainless sand of purchase, in a disguised form increases polishing cost.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of stainless sand and its preparation side
Method, stainless the sand wearability and corrosion resistance and good, case hardness are high, non-breakable in bruting process, have longer use
Life-span.Using stainless sand made from preparation method of the present invention, the endurance damage capability of stainless sand can be further improved, is improved
Anti-wear performance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：The stainless sand, it is characterised in that with quality percentage
Than meter, following composition is included：C 0.7~3.5%、Si 0.1~2.0%、Mn 0.35~2.0%、S 0.0001~0.1%、P 0.0001~
0.1%、Cr 10.5~35%、Mo 0.001~2.0%、Ti 0.001~2.0%、V 0.001~2.0%、Ni 0.001~9.0%、Cu
0.05 ~ 2.0%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5% and Al 0.001 ~ 0.05%, remaining is Fe.
Preferably, stainless sand, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, include following composition：C 0.8~2.7%、Si
0.2~1.8%、Mn 0.4~1.8%、S 0.02~0.09%、P 0.02~0.09%、Cr 11.0~20%、Mo 0.1~1.8%、Ti
0.002 ~ 1.8%, V 0.02 ~ 1.8%, Ni 0.02 ~ 8.0%, Cu 0.06 ~ 1.8%, Nb 0.0002 ~ 0.15% and Al 0.002 ~
0.04%, remaining is Fe.
Preferably, the stainless sand, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, comprising following composition： C 0.9~2.1%、Si
0.3~1.0%、Mn 0.5~1.0%、S 0.03~0.06%、P 0.03~0.06%、Cr 12~18%、Mo 0.3~1.0%、Ti 0.003
~ 1.0%, V 0.05 ~ 1.0%, Ni 0.03 ~ 1.0%, Cu 0.08 ~ 1.0%, Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13% and Al 0.003 ~ 0.03%, its
Remaining is Fe.
Mass percent sum shared by described Cr, Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al is more than 12.0%.
Described stainless sand hardness is HRC 40 ~ 55, HRC55.1 ~ 59.9 or HRC60 ~ 67.
The preparation method of above-described a kind of stainless sand, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process or water rushes granulation, chance water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, 60 ~ 120 minutes are incubated, by as cast metal particle in quenching
Cooling Quenching in medium；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；Or by step 4）Gained as cast condition gold
Metal particles are broken, screening obtains stainless sand, and stainless sand is tempered, produced.
Step 4）Described quenching media is water, salt solution or reducibility gas.
Described reducibility gas is ammonia.
Preferably, step 5）The concrete operations of described tempering are：As cast metal particle after screening is warming up to 500 ~
550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 ~ 1 hour, be then incubated 1 ~ 2 hour in 500 ~ 550 DEG C of temperature, be put into cooling medium and be cooled to
Normal temperature.
Or, it is preferred that step 5）The concrete operations of described tempering are：As cast metal particle after screening is warming up to
600 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.5 ~ 1 hour heating-up time, then in the insulation 1 ~ 2 hour of 600 ~ 650 DEG C of temperature, it is put into cooling medium and cools down
To normal temperature.
Applicant is described as follows for inventive formulation：
Applicant with the addition of Cr10.5 ~ 35% in formula, and the anti-corruption of stainless sand can be improved using the Cr dosages of the present invention
Erosion ability, a kind of careful and solid chromium oxide film is formed on stainless sand surface, protects the metal of inside not continue to be corroded,
Dosage, which crosses conference, causes cost high, and effect reduces, and dosage is very few to cause rust-proof effect poor.Wherein preferable Cr 15.0 ~
28.0%, under the dosage, the favorable rust preventing effect of the stainless sand of gained, fatigue behaviour is improved.With the addition of in formula Mn 0.35 ~
2.0%, the critical quenching rate of steel can be reduced, dosage is excessive or dosage is too small can not realize the effect.It with the addition of in formula
Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Mo 0.001 ~ 2.0%, preferable amount be Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13%, Ti 0.003 ~
1.0%th, Mo 0.3 ~ 1.0%, Nb, Ti, Mo with the proportioning use can crystal grain thinning, high anti intercrystalline corrosion performance, dosage crosses conference
Cause cost high, it is disproportionate with effect, dosage is very few can cause to act on it is small.V 0.001 ~ 2.0% is with the addition of in formula can
Crystal grain thinning, change carbide shape；Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0% can improve the anti-wear performance of stainless sand；Ni 0.001 ~ 9.0%, it is excellent
Elect Ni 0.02 ~ 8% as, tissue can be changed, improve the corrosion resistance of stainless sand；Above Ingredient Amount, which crosses conference, causes cost
Height, it is disproportionate with effect, dosage is very few can cause to act on it is small.Al 0.001 ~ 0.05% is with the addition of in formula, it act as
Deoxidation, crystal grain thinning, dosage, which crosses conference, causes molten steel viscosity big, and dosage is very few to be caused to act on unobvious.Applicant designs Cr
, the mass percent sum shared by Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al be more than 12.0%, it is preferred that described Cr, Mo,
Mass percent sum shared by Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al is more than 16.0%, is to ensure the advantages of the consumption proportion
Cr maintains higher dosage, and the total dosage of Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al maintains high value, can ensure not
Rust sand has preferable corrosion resistance.The metallographic structure of the stainless sand is the line and staff control of martensite and carbide, the metallographic
Tissue is with sufficiently high hardness, wear-resistant, corrosion resistance.
Applicant is described as follows for preparation method of the present invention：
Step 1）~3）In be the as cast metal particle for preparing different size process.Step 1）Device therefor melts for intermediate frequency
Furnace.Step 2）It is centrifuge, pond that middle centrifugal process, which is granulated device therefor,；Step 2）Reclaimed water is rushed granulation and referred to liquid with water under high pressure
Post is washed open, forms particle, device therefor is high pressure water flushing device.Step 2）Meet water cooling used in water temperature for 70 DEG C with
Under.Step 3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, sieve, to obtain the as cast metal particle of different size.Preferably, as cast metal
The specification of particle is：S930、S780、S660.Applicant is in step 4）In heating and thermal insulation processing has been carried out to as cast metal particle,
The as cast metal particle that 900 ~ 1050 DEG C are incubated Cooling Quenching in quenching media；The Cooling Quenching is rapid cooling.Shen
It is water or reducibility gas to ask someone to design quenching media；When quenching media is water, water is put into using by as cast metal particle
Middle Cooling Quenching, water temperature are less than 50 DEG C, and the quenching mode act as raising abrasive hardness.When quenching media is reproducibility gas
During body, reducibility gas is put into using by as cast metal particle（As protective atmosphere）Middle cooling, reducibility gas temperature are 25
± 10 DEG C, reducibility gas temperature control realizes temperature control by circulating water, and when reducibility gas is ammonia, ammonia exists
Nitrogen and hydrogen are decomposed into quenching process, as cast metal particle is protected by nitrogen and hydrogen, which quenching mesh
Be improve as cast metal pellet hardness, prevent its be oxidized.Step 5）Effect be：Broken, screening obtains different size
Stainless sand.It is broken one or many broken using disintegrating machine.Using the formula and preparation method of the present invention, a variety of rule can be obtained
The stainless sand of lattice, the stainless sand of the present invention can with specification be preferably：G16, G18, G25, G40, G50, other rule can also be used
Lattice, the specification of stainless sand, had no significant effect for the hardness of stainless sand.It is put into cooling medium and is cooled to often described in tempering
Temperature, it is natural cooling.Cooling medium described in tempering is air, inert gas or inert gas and the gaseous mixture of hydrogen.It is excellent
The inert gas of choosing is nitrogen.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect possessed by a kind of stainless sand of the invention and method is：
1st, stainless the sand wearability and corrosion resistance and good, case hardness are high, non-breakable in bruting process to get rusty, and have
Longer service life.First, applicant design the present invention with the addition of in formula V 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0%,
Al 0.001 ~ 0.05% can crystal grain thinning, change carbide shape, improve the anti-wear performance and hardness of stainless sand, fatigue resistance
Improve 15% ~ 20%, it is non-breakable during use, so as to improve the service life of stainless sand.Secondly, applicant adds in formula
Cr10.5 ~ 35%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.003 ~ 1.0%, Mo 0.3 ~ 1.0% are added, so as to improve the stainless sand
Antirust, corrosion resistance, extend the service life of stainless sand.
2nd, the preparation method system of the stainless sand can further improve the endurance damage capability of stainless sand.First, Shen
Ask someone to find under study for action：Using step 1）~4）Afterwards, if in step 5）It is middle to be obtained using by as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening
Stainless sand is obtained, the final stainless sand of gained has higher hardness（HRC60~67）With preferable anti-wear performance（1345 ~ 1780 times）,
The hardness and anti-wear performance of the stainless sand have been substantially better than existing stainless sand.And by applicant further study show that：If
In step 5）Screening after stainless sand is tempered, the endurance damage capability that further improves stainless sand, wearability will be entered
It can be significantly improved.Secondly, applicant devises two kinds of tempering operation methods：The first, stainless sand liter after by screening
Temperature to 500 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time is 0.5 ~ 1 hour, then in the insulation 1 ~ 2 hour of 500 ~ 550 DEG C of temperature, is put into cooling medium
In be cooled to normal temperature, the stainless sand of gained has hardness HRC55.1 ~ 59.9（Preferably HRC55.9 ~ 59.3）, anti-wear performance can
Reach 2698 ~ 3301 times；Second, as cast metal particle after by screening is warming up to 600 ~ 650 DEG C, heating-up time 0.5 ~ 1
Hour, then in the insulation 1 ~ 2 hour of 600 ~ 650 DEG C of temperature, it is put into cooling medium and is cooled to normal temperature, the stainless sand of gained has hard
Spend HRC 40 ~ 55（Preferably HRC45.6 ~ 54.3）, anti-wear performance can reach 2897 ~ 3321 times；Both the above is tempered mode
The anti-wear performance of stainless sand can be significantly improved, and disclosure satisfy that different hardness demand of the client for stainless sand.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 ~ 12 is a kind of embodiment of stainless sand of the present invention and preparation method thereof, wherein embodiment 1
For most preferred embodiment.The composition and ratio of the stainless sand of embodiment 1 ~ 12 is shown in Table 1 ~ 2.
Illustrate step 1）Device therefor is that device therefor is mid-frequency melting furnace.Step 2）Device therefor when being granulated using bath
For high pressure water flushing device, device therefor is centrifugal granulator when using the centrifugal process to be granulated.Step 3）Device therefor be dryer and
Screening machine, step 4）Quenching apparatus used is continuous atmosphere protection stove or electric furnace, step 5）Device therefor is disintegrating machine,
Tempering device therefor is that quenching apparatus used is continuous atmosphere protection stove or electric furnace.
The composition that a kind of 1 embodiment of table, 1 ~ 6 stainless sand is included（By percentage to the quality）
。
The composition that a kind of 2 embodiment of table, 7 ~ 12 stainless sand is included（By percentage to the quality）
。
The preparation method of embodiment 1 ~ 3
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process, meets water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 900 ~ 950 DEG C, 100 minutes are incubated at 900 ~ 950 DEG C, by as cast metal particle
The Cooling Quenching in ammonia；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；The stainless sand of gained is tempered again, tempering
Operate and be：By the stainless sand after screening be warming up to 500 ~ 530 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.75 hour, then in 500 ~ 530 DEG C of temperature
Insulation 1.5 hours, is put into nitrogen and naturally cools to normal temperature.
The preparation method of embodiment 4 ~ 6
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process or water rushes granulation, chance water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, 950 ~ 1000 DEG C are incubated 120 minutes, by as cast metal particle
The Cooling Quenching in ammonia；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；The stainless sand of gained is tempered again, tempering
Operate and be：Stainless sand after screening is warming up to 600 ~ 630 DEG C, 1 hour heating-up time, then in 600 ~ 630 DEG C of insulations 2 of temperature
Hour, normal temperature is naturally cooled in atmosphere.
The preparation method of embodiment 7 ~ 9
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process or water rushes granulation, chance water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C, 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C are incubated 80 minutes, by as cast metal
Grain Cooling Quenching in water；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；The stainless sand of gained is tempered again, tempering
Operate and be：By the stainless sand after screening be warming up to 530 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 hour, then in 530 ~ 550 DEG C of temperature
Insulation 1 hour, it is put into nitrogen and hydrogen in molar ratio 1：Natural cooling is cooled to normal temperature in 2 ~ 4 gaseous mixture.
The preparation method of embodiment 10 ~ 12
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process or water rushes granulation, chance water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, 950 ~ 1000 DEG C are incubated 60 minutes, and as cast metal particle is existed
Cooling Quenching in ammonia；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；The stainless sand of gained is tempered again, tempering
Operate and be：Stainless sand after screening is warming up to 630 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.75 hour heating-up time, then in 630 ~ 650 DEG C of guarantors of temperature
Temperature 1.5 hours, it is put into nitrogen and hydrogen in molar ratio 8 ~ 9：Natural cooling is cooled to normal temperature in 1 gaseous mixture.
Performance test
For the ease of proving step 6）The effect of middle tempering operation, for the stainless sand of each embodiment：Applicant is first right
Step 6）The stainless sand obtained after middle screening（The stainless sand A of label）Carried out performance test, then again by after test this is stainless
Sand carries out follow-up tempering operation, and applicant is to stainless sand after tempering（The stainless sand B of label）Performance test has been carried out again.Performance is surveyed
In examination, in order to keep unitary variant, embodiment 1 ~ 12 detects the stainless sand that specification is G25, measured with 100% method of substitution
ERVIN life-spans, the hardness surveyed refer to hardness at the stainless diameter of sand 1/3.Stainless sand A, B of embodiment 1 ~ 12 performance test
The results detailed in following table.
3 embodiment of table, 1 ~ 6 stainless sand A the performance test results
。
4 embodiment of table, 1 ~ 6 stainless sand B the performance test results
。
5 embodiment of table, 7 ~ 12 stainless sand A the performance test results
。
6 embodiment of table, 7 ~ 12 stainless sand B the performance test results
。
It can be seen that by table 3 ~ 6：The present invention is through step 5）The stainless sand A of gained has preferable anti-wear performance really after screening
Higher hardness, and if stainless sand A is used into step 5 of the present invention）After tempering process, stainless its wearability of sand B of gained
It can be significantly improved, and it is smaller for the influence of its hardness, and the stainless sand wearability of gained is more preferable and non-breakable.Tempering
In employ two kinds of temperatures, by table 4 and table 6 as can be seen that can preferably improve the anti-wear performance of stainless sand, and
It disclosure satisfy that different hardness demand of the client for stainless sand.Also, applicant has found by studying, such as embodiment 1 ~ 12 is used
Formula and preparation method, prepare the stainless sand of other specifications（Particle diameter is different）, the stainless sand A of gained, can equally reach hardness
HRC60 ~ 67, the stainless sand B after tempering are equally reached hardness HRC 40 ~ 55 or hardness HRC55.1 ~ 59.9, and not
Rust sand B anti-wear performance increases significantly.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
Imitate embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is to above example institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of stainless sand, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, include following composition：C 0.7~3.5%、Si 0.1~
2.0%、Mn 0.35~2.0%、S 0.0001~0.1%、P 0.0001~0.1%、Cr 10.5~35%、Mo 0.001~2.0%、Ti
0.001 ~ 2.0%, V 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Ni 0.001 ~ 9.0%, Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5% and Al 0.001 ~
0.05%, remaining is Fe；The metallographic structure of the stainless sand is the line and staff control of martensite and carbide.
2. a kind of stainless sand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, include following composition：C
0.8~2.7%、Si 0.2~1.8%、Mn 0.4~1.8%、S 0.02~0.09%、P 0.02~0.09%、Cr 11.0~20%、Mo 0.1
~ 1.8%, Ti 0.002 ~ 1.8%, V 0.02 ~ 1.8%, Ni 0.02 ~ 8.0%, Cu 0.06 ~ 1.8%, Nb 0.0002 ~ 0.15% and Al
0.002 ~ 0.04%, remaining is Fe.
A kind of 3. stainless sand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, comprising following composition： C
0.9~2.1%、Si 0.3~1.0%、Mn 0.5~1.0%、S 0.03~0.06%、P 0.03~0.06%、Cr 12~18%、Mo 0.3~
1.0%th, Ti 0.003 ~ 1.0%, V 0.05 ~ 1.0%, Ni 0.03 ~ 1.0%, Cu 0.08 ~ 1.0%, Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13% and Al
0.003 ~ 0.03%, remaining is Fe.
4. stainless sand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Cr, Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al
Shared mass percent sum is more than 12.0%.
A kind of 5. stainless sand according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described stainless sand hardness be HRC 40 ~ 55,
HRC55.1 ~ 59.9 or HRC60 ~ 67.
6. the preparation method of a kind of stainless sand described in any one of claim 1 ~ 5, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）By raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2）Molten steel is granulated using centrifugal process or water rushes granulation, chance water cooling, forms as cast metal particle；
3）By the drying of as cast metal particle, screening；
4）As cast metal particle is heated to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, 60 ~ 120 minutes are incubated, by as cast metal particle in quenching media
Middle Cooling Quenching；
5）By step 4）Gained as cast metal Particle Breakage, screening obtain stainless sand；Or by step 4）Gained as cast metal
Grain is broken, screening obtains stainless sand, and stainless sand is tempered, produced；
Step 5）The concrete operations of described tempering are：By the stainless sand after screening be warming up to 500 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time be
0.5 ~ 1 hour, then in the insulation 1 ~ 2 hour of 500 ~ 550 DEG C of temperature, it is put into cooling medium and is cooled to normal temperature；Or step 5）
The concrete operations of described tempering are：Stainless sand after screening is warming up to 600 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.5 ~ 1 hour heating-up time, then
In temperature, 600 ~ 650 DEG C are incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, are put into cooling medium and are cooled to normal temperature.
A kind of 7. preparation method of stainless sand according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step 4）Described quenching media
For water, salt solution or reducibility gas.
A kind of 8. preparation method of stainless sand according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Described reducibility gas is ammonia
Gas.
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| CN116970876B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-12 | 淄博大亚金属科技股份有限公司 | Rust-proof durable stainless steel sand and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1054100A (en) * | 1991-03-10 | 1991-08-28 | 朴铁军 | The new high chromium cast iron manufacture method that is used for highly abrasive parts using |
| CN101386963A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-03-18 | 淄博大亚金属制品有限公司 | Production method of low carbon steel ball |
| CN101760692A (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-06-30 | 河北豪特耐磨材料有限公司 | Ultrahigh chromium cast grinding ball and heat treatment process thereof |
-
2016
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1054100A (en) * | 1991-03-10 | 1991-08-28 | 朴铁军 | The new high chromium cast iron manufacture method that is used for highly abrasive parts using |
| CN101386963A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-03-18 | 淄博大亚金属制品有限公司 | Production method of low carbon steel ball |
| CN101760692A (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-06-30 | 河北豪特耐磨材料有限公司 | Ultrahigh chromium cast grinding ball and heat treatment process thereof |
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