CN106319392A - Stainless sand and production method thereof - Google Patents
Stainless sand and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106319392A CN106319392A CN201610781375.5A CN201610781375A CN106319392A CN 106319392 A CN106319392 A CN 106319392A CN 201610781375 A CN201610781375 A CN 201610781375A CN 106319392 A CN106319392 A CN 106319392A
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- sand
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- stainless sand
- cast metal
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002165 CarbonCast Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031481 Pathologic Constriction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001215 vagina Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F2009/0804—Dispersion in or on liquid, other than with sieves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses stainless sand and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of production of metal abrasives. The stainless sand comprises, in mass percentage, 0.7-3.5% of C, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.35-2.0% of Mn, 0.0001-0.1% of S, 0.0001-0.1% of P, 10.5-35% of Cr, 0.001-2.0% of Mo, 0.001-2.0% of Ti, 0.001-2.0% of V, 0.001-9.0% of Ni, 0.05-2.0% of Cu, 0.0001-0.5% of Nb, 0.001- 0.05% of Al and the balance Fe. The stainless sand is good in abrasive resistance and corrosion resistance, high in surface hardness and long in service life and does not get broken or rusted in the polishing process. The fatigue rupture resistance of the stainless sand produced through the production method can be further improved, and the abrasive resistance can be improved.
Description
Technical field
A kind of stainless sand and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal abrasives production technical field.
Background technology
At present, main on market metal abrasives has: high carbon cast steel ball, low shellfish shot.Non-metallic abrasive has: garnet,
Brown Alundum, copper ore etc..High carbon cast steel ball can make steel sand, and it is deep that the surface process before application forms the anchor stricture of vagina needed
Degree.Though low shellfish shot has higher fatigue life, but hardness can only accomplish about HRC50, it is impossible to makes steel sand；Nonmetal mill
Material percentage of damage is high, seriously polluted, does not meets environmental requirement.But the steel sand that high-carbon shot is made, has Fe atom when cleaning
Remain in surface, thus cause corrosion variable color, affect coating quality.Therefore, a kind of metal sand of exploitation, can solve because of Fe atom
Residual corrosion discoloration problem, can make again corner angle shape and form the depth of abrasion pattern needed, meet coating specification, becomes wanting of market
Ask.My company proposes the research and development of the high stainless sand of Cr metal, adapts to the demand in market.
Applicant finds existing stainless sand under study for action, and there are the following problems: first, and in prior art, stainless sand is wear-resisting
Performance and hardness are undesirable, and anti-fatigue performance is low, and the most wear-resisting in bruting process and broken, service life is shorter；Secondly,
In prior art, stainless sand is corrosion-resistant, rustless property is undesirable, same brings harmful effect service life to stainless sand, needs constantly
Buy new stainless sand, in a disguised form increase polishing cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of stainless sand and preparation side thereof
Method, this stainless sand wearability and corrosion resistance and good, case hardness height, the most broken in bruting process, there is longer use
Life-span.Use the stainless sand that preparation method of the present invention prepares, it is possible to improve the endurance damage capability of stainless sand further, improve
Anti-wear performance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this stainless sand, it is characterised in that with percent mass
Than meter, comprise following composition: C 0.7 ~ 3.5%, Si 0.1 ~ 2.0%, Mn 0.35 ~ 2.0%, S 0.0001 ~ 0.1%, P 0.0001 ~
0.1%、Cr 10.5~35%、Mo 0.001~2.0%、Ti 0.001~2.0%、V 0.001~2.0%、Ni 0.001~9.0%、Cu
0.05 ~ 2.0%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5% and Al 0.001 ~ 0.05%, remaining is Fe.
Preferably, this stainless sand, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, comprise following composition: C 0.8 ~ 2.7%, Si
0.2~1.8%、Mn 0.4~1.8%、S 0.02~0.09%、P 0.02~0.09%、Cr 11.0~20%、Mo 0.1~1.8%、Ti
0.002 ~ 1.8%, V 0.02 ~ 1.8%, Ni 0.02 ~ 8.0%, Cu 0.06 ~ 1.8%, Nb 0.0002 ~ 0.15% and Al 0.002 ~
0.04%, remaining is Fe.
Preferably, this stainless sand, it is characterised in that: by percentage to the quality, comprise following composition: C 0.9 ~ 2.1%, Si
0.3~1.0%、Mn 0.5~1.0%、S 0.03~0.06%、P 0.03~0.06%、Cr 12~18%、Mo 0.3~1.0%、Ti 0.003
~ 1.0%, V 0.05 ~ 1.0%, Ni 0.03 ~ 1.0%, Cu 0.08 ~ 1.0%, Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13% and Al 0.003 ~ 0.03%, its
Remaining is Fe.
Mass percent sum shared by described Cr, Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al is more than 12.0%.
Described stainless sand hardness is HRC 40 ~ 55, HRC55.1 ~ 59.9 or HRC60 ~ 67.
The preparation method of above-described a kind of stainless sand, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel uses centrifuging pelletize or water rush pelletize, meet water cooling, forms as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, is incubated 60 ~ 120 minutes, by as cast metal granule at quenching media
Middle Cooling Quenching；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Or, by step 4) gained as cast metal
Grain is broken, screening obtains stainless sand, is tempered by stainless sand, to obtain final product.
Quenching media described in step 4) is water, saline or reducibility gas.
Described reducibility gas is ammonia.
Preferably, the concrete operations of the tempering described in step 5) are: the as cast metal granule after screening is warming up to 500 ~
550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 ~ 1 hour, then temperature 500 ~ 550 DEG C be incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, put in cooling medium and be cooled to
Room temperature.
Or, it is preferred that the concrete operations of the tempering described in step 5) are: be warming up to by the as cast metal granule after screening
600 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.5 ~ 1 hour heating-up time, then it is incubated 1 ~ 2 hour temperature 600 ~ 650 DEG C, puts in cooling medium and cool down
To room temperature.
Applicant is described as follows for inventive formulation:
Applicant with the addition of Cr10.5 ~ 35% in formula, uses the Cr consumption of the present invention can improve the anticorrosive energy of stainless sand
Power, forms a kind of careful and solid chromium oxide film on stainless sand surface, and the metal within protection does not continues to be corroded, consumption
Crossing conference causes cost high, and effect reduces, and consumption crosses that I haven't seen you for ages causes rust-proof effect poor.Wherein preferably Cr 15.0 ~ 28.0%, should
Under consumption, the favorable rust preventing effect of the stainless sand of gained, fatigue behaviour obtains and improves.Mn 0.35 ~ 2.0%, energy is with the addition of in formula
Enough reducing the critical quenching rate of steel, consumption is excessive or consumption is too small all cannot realize this effect.Formula with the addition of Nb
0.0001 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Mo 0.001 ~ 2.0%, preferable amount is Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13%, Ti 0.003 ~
1.0%, Mo 0.3 ~ 1.0%, Nb, Ti, Mo with this proportioning use can crystal grain thinning, high anti intercrystalline corrosion performance, consumption crosses conference
Cause cost high, disproportionate with effect, consumption cross that I haven't seen you for ages and cause act on little.With the addition of V 0.001 ~ 2.0% in formula can
Crystal grain thinning, change carbide shape；Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0% can improve the anti-wear performance of stainless sand；Ni 0.001 ~ 9.0%, excellent
Elect Ni 0.02 ~ 8% as, it is possible to change the corrosion resistance organizing, improving stainless sand；Above Ingredient Amount is crossed conference and is caused cost
Height, disproportionate with effect, consumption cross that I haven't seen you for ages and cause act on little.With the addition of Al 0.001 ~ 0.05% in formula, it act as
Deoxidation, crystal grain thinning, consumption crosses conference and causes molten steel viscosity big, consumption cross that I haven't seen you for ages and cause act on inconspicuous.Applicant designs Cr
, mass percent sum shared by Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al is more than 12.0%, it is preferred that described Cr, Mo,
Mass percent sum shared by Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al is more than 16.0%, and the advantage of this consumption proportion is to ensure that
Cr maintains higher consumption, and the total consumption of Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al maintains high value, it is possible to ensure not
Rust sand has preferable corrosion resistance.The metallographic structure of this stainless sand is the line and staff control of martensite and carbide, this metallographic
Tissue has sufficiently high hardness, wear-resistant, corrosion resistance.
Applicant is described as follows for preparation method of the present invention:
Step 1) ~ 3) in be the process of the as cast metal granule preparing different size.Step 1) device therefor is mid-frequency melting furnace.
Step 2) in centrifuging pelletize device therefor be centrifuge, pond；Step 2) in water rush pelletize refer to water under high pressure by fluid column rush
Opening, form granule, device therefor is high pressure water flushing device.Step 2) temperature of meeting water used by water cooling is less than 70 DEG C.Step
Rapid 3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve, to obtain the as cast metal granule of different size.Preferably, as cast metal granule
Specification be: S930, S780, S660.Applicant has carried out heating and thermal insulation process to as cast metal granule in step 4), will
As cast metal granule Cooling Quenching in quenching media of 900 ~ 1050 DEG C of insulations；Described Cooling Quenching is cooling rapidly.Application
It is water or reducibility gas that people designs quenching media；When quenching media is water, uses and as cast metal granule is put in water
Cooling Quenching, water temperature is less than 50 DEG C, this quenching mode act as improve abrasive hardness.When quenching media is reducibility gas
Time, using and as cast metal granule put into cooling in reducibility gas (as protective atmosphere), reducibility gas temperature is 25 ±
10 DEG C, reducibility gas temperature controls to realize temperature control by circulating water, and when reducibility gas is ammonia, ammonia is being quenched
It is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen during fire, by nitrogen and hydrogen, as cast metal granule is protected, which quenching purpose
It is to improve as cast metal pellet hardness, prevents it oxidized.The effect of step 5) is: broken, screening obtains different size not
Rust sand.Broken employing disintegrating machine one or many crushes.Use formula and the preparation method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain plurality of specifications
Stainless sand, the permissible specification of the stainless sand of the present invention is preferably: G16, G18, G25, G40, G50, it would however also be possible to employ other specifications,
The specification of stainless sand, the hardness for stainless sand has no significant effect.Put into described in tempering in cooling medium and be cooled to room temperature, for
Natural cooling.Cooling medium described in tempering is the gaseous mixture of air, noble gas or noble gas and hydrogen.Preferably
Noble gas is nitrogen.
Compared with prior art, the stainless sand of the one of the present invention and method are had the beneficial effect that
1, this stainless sand wearability and corrosion resistance and good, case hardness are high, the most broken in bruting process get rusty, and have longer
Service life.First, applicant designs the present invention and with the addition of V 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0%, Al in formula
0.001 ~ 0.05% can crystal grain thinning, change carbide shape, improve anti-wear performance and the hardness of stainless sand, fatigue resistance carries
High by 15% ~ 20%, the most broken during use, thus improve the service life of stainless sand.Secondly, applicant adds in formula
Cr10.5 ~ 35%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.003 ~ 1.0%, Mo 0.3 ~ 1.0%, thus improve the anti-of this stainless sand
Rust, corrosion resistance, extend the service life of stainless sand.
2, the preparation method system of this stainless sand can improve further stainless sand endurance damage capability.First, Shen
Ask someone to find under study for action: use step 1) ~ 4) after, if used in step 5), as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained
Obtaining stainless sand, the stainless sand of final gained has higher hardness (HRC60 ~ 67) and preferable anti-wear performance (1345 ~ 1780 times),
The hardness of this stainless sand and anti-wear performance have been substantially better than existing stainless sand.And be further study show that by applicant: if
After the screening of step 5), stainless sand is tempered, the endurance damage capability improving stainless sand further, wearability will be entered
Can obtain and significantly improve.Secondly, applicant devises two kinds of tempering operation methods: the first, when by the stainless sand liter after screening
Temperature to 500 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 ~ 1 hour, then temperature 500 ~ 550 DEG C be incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, put into cooling medium
In be cooled to room temperature, the stainless sand of gained has hardness HRC55.1 ~ 59.9(and is preferably HRC55.9 ~ 59.3), anti-wear performance can
Reach 2698 ~ 3301 times；The second, when the as cast metal granule after screening is warming up to 600 ~ 650 DEG C, heating-up time 0.5 ~ 1
Hour, then it being incubated 1 ~ 2 hour temperature 600 ~ 650 DEG C, put into and cooling medium is cooled to room temperature, the stainless sand of gained has firmly
Degree HRC 40 ~ 55(is preferably HRC45.6 ~ 54.3), anti-wear performance can reach 2897 ~ 3321 times；Both the above tempering mode
All can significantly improve the anti-wear performance of stainless sand, and disclosure satisfy that client's different hardness demand for stainless sand.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 ~ 12 is the detailed description of the invention of a kind of stainless sand of the present invention and preparation method thereof, wherein embodiment 1
For most preferred embodiment.The composition and ratio of the stainless sand of embodiment 1 ~ 12 is shown in Table 1 ~ 2.
Illustrate step 1) device therefor be device therefor be mid-frequency melting furnace.Step 2) use device therefor when washing by water pelletize
For high pressure water flushing device, when using centrifuging pelletize, device therefor is centrifugal granulator.Step 3) device therefor be dehydrator and
Screening machine, quenching apparatus used by step 4) is continuous atmosphere protection stove or electric furnace, and step 5) device therefor is disintegrating machine,
Tempering device therefor be quenching apparatus used be continuous atmosphere protection stove or electric furnace.
1 ~ 6 one kinds of compositions that stainless sand is comprised (by percentage to the quality) of table 1 embodiment
。
7 ~ 12 1 kinds of compositions that stainless sand is comprised (by percentage to the quality) of table 2 embodiment
。
Embodiment 1 ~ 3 preparation method
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel is used centrifuging pelletize, meets water cooling, form as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 900 ~ 950 DEG C, is incubated 100 minutes at 900 ~ 950 DEG C, by as cast metal granule at ammonia
Cooling Quenching in gas；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Again stainless for gained sand is tempered, tempering operation
For: will screening after stainless sand be warming up to 500 ~ 530 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.75 hour, then in temperature 500 ~ 530 DEG C insulation
1.5 hours, put into and nitrogen naturally cools to room temperature.
Embodiment 4 ~ 6 preparation method
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel uses centrifuging pelletize or water rush pelletize, meet water cooling, forms as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, and 950 ~ 1000 DEG C are incubated 120 minutes, by as cast metal granule at ammonia
Cooling Quenching in gas；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Again stainless for gained sand is tempered, tempering operation
For: the stainless sand after screening is warming up to 600 ~ 630 DEG C, 1 hour heating-up time, then little in temperature 600 ~ 630 DEG C insulation 2
Time, naturally cool to room temperature in atmosphere.
Embodiment 7 ~ 9 preparation method
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel uses centrifuging pelletize or water rush pelletize, meet water cooling, forms as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C, and 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C are incubated 80 minutes, are existed by as cast metal granule
Cooling Quenching in water；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Again stainless for gained sand is tempered, tempering operation
For: will screening after stainless sand be warming up to 530 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 hour, then temperature 530 ~ 550 DEG C be incubated 1
Hour, put into nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature with natural cooling in the gaseous mixture of hydrogen 1:2 ~ 4 in molar ratio.
Embodiment 10 ~ 12 preparation method
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel uses centrifuging pelletize or water rush pelletize, meet water cooling, forms as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 950 ~ 1000 DEG C, and 950 ~ 1000 DEG C are incubated 60 minutes, by as cast metal granule at ammonia
Middle Cooling Quenching；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Again stainless for gained sand is tempered, tempering operation
For: the stainless sand after screening is warming up to 630 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.75 hour heating-up time, then in temperature 630 ~ 650 DEG C insulation
1.5 hours, put into nitrogen and be cooled to room temperature with natural cooling in the gaseous mixture of hydrogen 8 ~ 9:1 in molar ratio.
Performance test
For the ease of proving the effect of tempering operation in step 6), for the stainless sand of each embodiment: applicant is first to step
6) the stainless sand (label stainless sand A) obtained after screening in has carried out performance test, is entered by this stainless sand after test the most again
The follow-up tempering operation of row, applicant has carried out performance test again to stainless sand (label stainless sand B) after tempering.Performance test
In, in order to keep unitary variant, embodiment 1 ~ 12 detection specification is the stainless sand of G25, records by 100% substitution method
In the ERVIN life-span, the hardness surveyed refers to hardness at stainless sand 1/3 diameter.The performance test of stainless sand A, B of embodiment 1 ~ 12
The results detailed in following table.
Table 3 embodiment 1 ~ 6 stainless sand A the performance test results
。
Table 4 embodiment 1 ~ 6 stainless sand B the performance test results
。
Table 5 embodiment 7 ~ 12 stainless sand A the performance test results
。
Table 6 embodiment 7 ~ 12 stainless sand B the performance test results
。
Can be seen that present invention gained stainless sand A after step 5) is sieved has preferable anti-wear performance really by table 3 ~ 6
Higher hardness, and if used stainless sand A after step 5) tempering process of the present invention, gained stainless sand its wearability of B
Can obtain and significantly improve, and less for the impact of its hardness, and gained stainless sand wearability is more preferable, and the most broken.Tempering
In have employed two kinds of temperatures, by table 4 and table 6 it can be seen that all can preferably improve the anti-wear performance of stainless sand, and
Disclosure satisfy that client's different hardness demand for stainless sand.Further, applicant is found by research, as used embodiment 1 ~ 12
Formula and preparation method, prepare the stainless sand (particle diameter different) of other specifications, gained stainless sand A, hardness can be reached equally
HRC60 ~ 67, the stainless sand B after tempering is equally reached hardness HRC 40 ~ 55 or hardness HRC55.1 ~ 59.9, and not
The anti-wear performance of rust sand B increases significantly.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the restriction that the present invention makees other form, appoints
What those skilled in the art changed possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified as equivalent variations etc.
Effect embodiment.But every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit of the foundation present invention is to above example institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still falls within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a stainless sand, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, comprise following composition: C 0.7 ~ 3.5%, Si 0.1 ~
2.0%、Mn 0.35~2.0%、S 0.0001~0.1%、P 0.0001~0.1%、Cr 10.5~35%、Mo 0.001~2.0%、Ti
0.001 ~ 2.0%, V 0.001 ~ 2.0%, Ni 0.001 ~ 9.0%, Cu 0.05 ~ 2.0%, Nb 0.0001 ~ 0.5% and Al 0.001 ~
0.05%, remaining is Fe.
The stainless sand of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by percentage to the quality, comprises following composition: C
0.8~2.7%、Si 0.2~1.8%、Mn 0.4~1.8%、S 0.02~0.09%、P 0.02~0.09%、Cr 11.0~20%、Mo 0.1
~ 1.8%, Ti 0.002 ~ 1.8%, V 0.02 ~ 1.8%, Ni 0.02 ~ 8.0%, Cu 0.06 ~ 1.8%, Nb 0.0002 ~ 0.15% and Al
0.002 ~ 0.04%, remaining is Fe.
The stainless sand of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by percentage to the quality, comprise following composition: C
0.9~2.1%、Si 0.3~1.0%、Mn 0.5~1.0%、S 0.03~0.06%、P 0.03~0.06%、Cr 12~18%、Mo 0.3~
1.0%, Ti 0.003 ~ 1.0%, V 0.05 ~ 1.0%, Ni 0.03 ~ 1.0%, Cu 0.08 ~ 1.0%, Nb 0.002 ~ 0.13% and Al
0.003 ~ 0.03%, remaining is Fe.
Stainless sand the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Cr, Mo, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Nb and Al
Shared mass percent sum is more than 12.0%.
The stainless sand of one the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described stainless sand hardness be HRC 40 ~ 55,
HRC55.1 ~ 59.9 or HRC60 ~ 67.
6. the preparation method of a kind of stainless sand described in any one of claim 1 ~ 5, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) by raw material weighing, dispensing, melting is molten steel；
2) molten steel uses centrifuging pelletize or water rush pelletize, meet water cooling, forms as cast metal granule；
3) as cast metal granule dried, sieve；
4) heating as cast metal granule is to 900 ~ 1050 DEG C, is incubated 60 ~ 120 minutes, by as cast metal granule at quenching media
Middle Cooling Quenching；
5) step 4) gained as cast metal grain breakage, screening are obtained stainless sand；Or, by step 4) gained as cast metal
Grain is broken, screening obtains stainless sand, is tempered by stainless sand, to obtain final product.
The preparation method of a kind of stainless sand the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the quenching media described in step 4)
For water, saline or reducibility gas.
The preparation method of a kind of stainless sand the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described reducibility gas is ammonia
Gas.
The preparation method of a kind of stainless sand the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the tool of the tempering described in step 5)
Gymnastics as: the stainless sand after screening is warming up to 500 ~ 550 DEG C, the heating-up time be 0.5 ~ 1 hour, then temperature 500 ~
550 DEG C are incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, put into and be cooled to room temperature in cooling medium.
The preparation method of a kind of stainless sand the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the tempering described in step 5)
Concrete operations are: the stainless sand after screening is warming up to 600 ~ 650 DEG C, 0.5 ~ 1 hour heating-up time, then temperature 600 ~
650 DEG C are incubated 1 ~ 2 hour, put into and be cooled to room temperature in cooling medium.
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| CN109108299A (en) * | 2018-10-13 | 2019-01-01 | 宁波渐丰金属科技有限公司 | Bright alloyed steel sand production technology |
| CN116970876A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-31 | 淄博大亚金属科技股份有限公司 | Rust-proof durable stainless steel sand and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN116970876A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-31 | 淄博大亚金属科技股份有限公司 | Rust-proof durable stainless steel sand and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116970876B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-12 | 淄博大亚金属科技股份有限公司 | Rust-proof durable stainless steel sand and preparation method and application thereof |
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