CN106319274B - A kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106319274B CN106319274B CN201610900501.4A CN201610900501A CN106319274B CN 106319274 B CN106319274 B CN 106319274B CN 201610900501 A CN201610900501 A CN 201610900501A CN 106319274 B CN106319274 B CN 106319274B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, the raw material composition of the heat-resisting aluminium alloy is by mass percentage:60.5 ~ 63.0% waste aluminium section, 10.5 ~ 11.0% waste and old aluminium casting, 7.0 ~ 7.5% waste and old aluminium sheet, 15.0 ~ 16.0% waste and old aluminum steel, 4.5 ~ 5.5% waste and old copper cash.The present invention is using aluminium scrap as raw material Direct Regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, improve the use value of aluminium scrap, reduce the production cost of heat-resisting aluminium alloy, the heat-resisting aluminium alloy of production has excellent room temperature and elevated temperature strength, available for fields such as automobile, track traffic, the standby, Aero-Space of extra large frock, have broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminium alloy preparation, and in particular to a kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Heat-resisting aluminium alloy refers to the aluminium alloy that can be used at relatively high temperatures without softening.Heat-resisting aluminium alloy extensively should
For automobile engine cylinder-body, cylinder cap, piston, gear box casing, turbo-compressor blade, means of transport connector, petroleum drilling
Bar, airborne vehicle bulkhead, spar, rivet, missile case etc..With automobile, track traffic, extra large frock be standby, Aero-Space, weapon dress
Standby develops rapidly, more and more to the demand of heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Literature retrieval finds that prior art mainly using primary aluminium as raw material, adds during melting and casting
The alloying elements such as copper, magnesium, manganese, zirconium prepare heat-resisting aluminium alloy.It is well known that primary aluminium is made by alumina eltrolysis, and aluminium is electric
Solve as high energy consumption industry, produce standard coal of the total energy consumption equivalent to 9000 kilograms of 1 ton of electrolytic aluminium, while can also discharge substantial amounts of
Carbon dioxide, dust and solid waste, cause serious environmental pollution.Because prior art is mainly using primary aluminium as former material
Material, prepares heat-resisting aluminium alloy by adding a large amount of alloying elements, causes the production cost of heat-resisting aluminium alloy higher, popularization and application
It is very difficult.
China is aluminium production and consumption big country, continuously produces substantial amounts of aluminium scrap every year.Utilize aluminium scrap secondary aluminium
Alloy, can significantly reduce the production cost of aluminium alloy, and greatly reduce the consumption and carbon dioxide of the energy, dust and solid
The discharge of discarded object.But the most aluminium scrap in China, which is currently used primarily in, regenerates low value-added cast aluminium alloy gold, contains in aluminium scrap
A large amount of alloying elements such as some copper, magnesium, manganese, zirconium are not utilized effectively, and cause the huge waste of resource.Therefore, fully
Using the heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a large amount of alloying element Direct Regeneration high added values contained in aluminium scrap, valency is used for raising aluminium scrap
Value, the production cost tool of reduction heat-resisting aluminium alloy are of great significance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to aiming at the existing problems and shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of aluminium scrap regeneration alumite closes
Gold and preparation method thereof, using aluminium scrap as main raw material(s) Direct Regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, the use value of aluminium scrap is improved, is reduced resistance to
The production cost of hot aluminium alloy.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The raw material of heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention form:60.5 ~ 63.0% waste aluminium section,
10.5 ~ 11.0% waste and old aluminium casting, 7.0 ~ 7.5% waste and old aluminium sheet, 15.0 ~ 16.0% waste and old aluminum steel, 4.5 ~ 5.5% it is waste and old
Copper cash.
The preparation method of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy comprises the steps of:
(1)By waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash in 700 ~ 760 DEG C of heating
It is fused into aluminum alloy melt;
(2)With carbon trichloride to step(1)Aluminum alloy melt carry out refine degasification remove Slag treatment;
(3)By step(2)Aluminum alloy melt in 680 ~ 740 DEG C of castings or casting or continuous casting and rolling into aluminium alloy;
(4)By step(3)Aluminium alloy 505 ~ 535 DEG C be dissolved 2 ~ 8 hours, in 175 ~ 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 ~ 48 after water quenching
Hour, the heat-resisting aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling.
The chemical composition and mass percent of above-mentioned waste aluminium section be:Mg 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Si 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Fe≤
0.8%, Cu≤0.9%, Mn≤0.55%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus Al.
The chemical composition and mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old aluminium casting be:Si 3.5 ~ 5.5%, Mn 1.5 ~ 3.5%, Cu 0.1
~ 0.4%, Fe≤0.9%, Cr≤0.45%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus Al.
The chemical composition and mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old aluminium sheet be:Mg 4.5 ~ 7.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 1.2%, Cr 0.05 ~
0.45%, Si≤0.4%, Fe≤0.6%, Cu≤0.5%, surplus Al.
The chemical composition and mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old aluminum steel be:Zr 0.5 ~ 2.5%, Fe 0.2 ~ 0.8%, Mg≤
0.7%, Si≤0.55%, Ti≤0.015%, B≤0.006%, surplus Al.
The chemical composition and mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old copper cash be:Bi≤0.03%, Sb≤0.04%, Fe≤
0.05%, Ni≤0.04%, Pb≤0.02%, Sn≤0.01%, surplus Cu.
The dosage of the carbon trichloride is the 0.3 ~ 0.5% of raw material gross mass.
The present invention is direct as raw material using waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash
Heat-resisting aluminium alloy is regenerated, by optimizing the composition of aluminium scrap raw material, is obtained more containing elements such as Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Cr, Zr, Fe
The heat-resisting aluminium alloy of first combined microalloying, wherein Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Fe element, which can be solid-solubilized in aluminum substrate, plays solid solution by force
Change acts on, and can increase interatomic adhesion, slows down the diffusion process of atom and the decomposition rate of solid solution, improves aluminium alloy
Heat endurance at high temperature.Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Fe can also form Al with Al2CuMg、Al2FeSi、Al6Mn、Al3Fe etc. it is hard and
Crisp intermetallic compound, these intermetallic compounds have the characteristics of fusing point is high, quantity is more and size is tiny, in aluminium alloy
The sliding of crystal boundary and the motion of dislocation can be hindered, improves the elevated temperature strength of aluminium alloy.Cr, Zr element can be thin in aluminium alloy
Change crystal grain, the Al of disperse can also be formed3Cr and Al3Zr hardening constituents, these hardening constituents have stable high-temperature performance, wrong with aluminum substrate
It is low with spending, symbiosis and epibiosis is formed with aluminum substrate, energy effectively pin dislocation, Grain Boundary Sliding is hindered, suppresses aluminum substrate recrystallization, improve
The recrystallization temperature of aluminum substrate and the elevated temperature strength of aluminium alloy.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that:
(1)Heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention is with waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old
Copper cash is that raw material Direct Regeneration obtains, it is not necessary to using primary aluminium and adds the alloying elements such as Cu, Mg, Mn, Cr, Zr, therefore
With relatively low production cost, the production cost than existing similar heat-resisting aluminium alloy is low by more than 40%.
(2)Heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention has excellent room temperature and elevated temperature strength, wherein 25 DEG C of room temperature tensile intensity are more than
500MPa, elongation are more than 8%, and 250 DEG C of Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature are more than 400MPa, and elongation is more than 11%, available for automobile, track
The fields such as traffic, the standby, Aero-Space of extra large frock, have broad application prospects.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described with reference to instantiation.
Embodiment 1
The raw material of heat-resisting aluminium alloy form:60.5% waste aluminium section(Chemical composition and quality
Percentage is:Mg 1.2%, Si 0.8%, Fe 0.5%, Cu 0.6%, Mn 0.4%, Zn 0.3%, surplus Al), 10.5% it is useless
Old aluminium casting(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Si 3.5%, Mn 1.5%, Cu 0.2%, Fe 0.9%, Cr 0.45%, Zn
0.3%, surplus Al), 7.5% waste and old aluminium sheet(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Mg 7.5%, Mn 0.7%, Cr
0.05%, Si 0.4%, Fe 0.6%, Cu 0.2%, surplus Al), 16.0% waste and old aluminum steel(Chemical composition and mass percent
For:Zr 1.5%, Fe 0.3%, Mg 0.4%, Si 0.25%, Ti 0.015%, B 0.006%, surplus Al)With 5.5% it is waste and old
Copper cash(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Bi 0.009%, Sb 0.007%, Fe 0.01%, Ni 0.04%, Pb 0.002%,
Sn 0.001%, surplus Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1)By waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash in 760 DEG C of heating fusings
Into aluminum alloy melt;
(2)With the carbon trichloride that raw material gross mass percentage is 0.4% to step(1)Aluminum alloy melt carry out refining and remove
Gas removes Slag treatment;
(3)By step(2)Aluminum alloy melt be cast as aluminium alloy at 740 DEG C;
(4)By step(3)Aluminium alloy be dissolved 2 hours at 535 DEG C, in 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 hours, furnace cooling after water quenching
After obtain the heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 2
The raw material of heat-resisting aluminium alloy form:63.0% waste aluminium section(Chemical composition and quality
Percentage is:Mg 0.9%, Si 0.6%, Fe 0.7%, Cu 0.2%, Mn 0.5%, Zn 0.1%, surplus Al), 10.5% it is useless
Old aluminium casting(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Si 4.0%, Mn 1.9%, Cu 0.3%, Fe 0.5%, Cr 0.4%, Zn
0.2%, surplus Al), 7.0% waste and old aluminium sheet(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Mg 6.5%, Mn 0.7%, Cr
0.45%, Si 0.34%, Fe 0.6%, Cu 0.2%, surplus Al), 15.0% waste and old aluminum steel(Chemical composition and mass percent
For:Zr 0.5%, Fe 0.2%, Mg 0.2%, Si 0.5%, Ti 0.01%, B 0.005%, surplus Al)With 4.5% waste and old copper
Line(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Bi 0.001%, Sb 0.009%, Fe 0.01%, Ni 0.02%, Pb 0.02%, Sn
0.01%, surplus Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1)By waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash in 730 DEG C of heating fusings
Into aluminum alloy melt;
(2)With the carbon trichloride that raw material gross mass percentage is 0.3% to step(1)Aluminum alloy melt carry out refining and remove
Gas removes Slag treatment;
(3)By step(2)Aluminum alloy melt in 710 DEG C of castings into aluminium alloy;
(4)By step(3)Aluminium alloy be dissolved 8 hours at 505 DEG C, in 175 DEG C of timeliness 48 hours, furnace cooling after water quenching
After obtain the heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 3
The raw material of heat-resisting aluminium alloy form:61.5% waste aluminium section(Chemical composition and quality
Percentage is:Mg 0.3%, Si 0.3%, Fe 0.2%, Cu 0.8%, Mn 0.55%, Zn 0.2%, surplus Al), 11.0% it is useless
Old aluminium casting(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Si 5.5%, Mn 3.5%, Cu 0.1%, Fe 0.1%, Cr 0.4%, Zn
0.3%, surplus Al), 7.5% waste and old aluminium sheet(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Mg 4.5%, Mn 0.4%, Cr
0.45%, Si 0.4%, Fe 0.2%, Cu 0.4%, surplus Al), 15.0% waste and old aluminum steel(Chemical composition and mass percent
For:Zr 0.5%, Fe 0.2%, Mg 0.7%, Si 0.15%, Ti 0.005%, B 0.001%, surplus Al)With 5.0% it is waste and old
Copper cash(Chemical composition and mass percent are:Bi 0.03%, Sb 0.01%, Fe 0.04%, Ni 0.04%, Pb 0.01%, Sn
0.001%, surplus Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1)By above-mentioned waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash in 700 DEG C of heating
It is fused into aluminum alloy melt;
(2)With the carbon trichloride that raw material gross mass percentage is 0.5% to step(1)Aluminum alloy melt carry out refining and remove
Gas removes Slag treatment;
(3)By step(2)Aluminum alloy melt in 680 DEG C of continuous casting and rollings into aluminium alloy;
(4)By step(3)Aluminium alloy be dissolved 6 hours at 515 DEG C, in 190 DEG C of timeliness 24 hours, furnace cooling after water quenching
After obtain the heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
By GB228-2010《Metal material stretching test》Standard, embodiment 1-3 heat-resisting aluminium alloys are processed into standard and drawn
Sample is stretched, in DNS200 type Universal electrical cupping machines, carries out tension test at 25 DEG C and 250 DEG C respectively, detection is heat-resisting
The room temperature and drawing by high temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy, as a result as shown in table 1.
The room temperature and drawing by high temperature mechanical property of the embodiment 1-3 heat-resisting aluminium alloys of table 1
From table 1, it can be seen that, 25 DEG C of room temperature tensile intensity are more than 500MPa, and elongation is more than 8%, 250 DEG C of Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature
More than 400MPa, elongation is more than 11%, and heat-resisting aluminium alloy has excellent room temperature and elevated temperature strength.Heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention
Waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash is all used to be obtained for raw material Direct Regeneration
Arrive, be not used primary aluminium and the addition alloying element such as Cu, Mg, Mn, Cr, Zr, thus heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention have it is relatively low
Production cost.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other changes of disclosed embodiment, are such as readily apparent that, such change should belong to for the professional person of this area
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention limit.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that:The preparation method raw materials form:60.5 ~ 63.0% waste aluminium section, 10.5 ~ 11.0% Waste and old aluminium casting, 7.0 ~ 7.5% waste and old aluminium sheet, 15.0 ~ 16.0% waste and old aluminum steel, 4.5 ~ 5.5% waste and old copper cash;The chemical composition and mass percent of the waste aluminium section be:Mg 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Si 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Fe≤0.8%, Cu≤0.9%, Mn≤0.55%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus Al;The chemical composition and mass percent of the waste and old aluminium casting be:Si 3.5 ~ 5.5%, Mn 1.5 ~ 3.5%, Cu 0.1 ~ 0.4%, Fe≤0.9%, Cr≤0.45%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus Al;The chemical composition and mass percent of the waste and old aluminium sheet be:Mg 4.5 ~ 7.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 1.2%, Cr 0.05 ~ 0.45%, Si≤0.4%, Fe≤0.6%, Cu≤0.5%, surplus Al;The chemical composition and mass percent of the waste and old aluminum steel be:Zr 0.5~2.5%, Fe 0.2 ~ 0.8%, Mg≤0.7%, Si≤0.55%, Ti≤0.015%, B≤0.006%, surplus Al;The chemical composition and mass percent of the waste and old copper cash be:Bi≤0.03%, Sb≤0.04%, Fe≤0.05%, Ni ≤ 0.04%, Pb≤0.02%, Sn≤0.01%, surplus Cu;The preparation method comprises the steps of:(1)By waste aluminium section, waste and old aluminium casting, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash in 700 ~ 760 DEG C of heating fusings Into aluminum alloy melt;(2)With the carbon trichloride that raw material gross mass percentage is 0.3 ~ 0.5% to step(1)Aluminum alloy melt carry out refining and remove Gas removes Slag treatment;(3)By step(2)Aluminum alloy melt in 680 ~ 740 DEG C of castings or casting or continuous casting and rolling into aluminium alloy;(4)By step(3)Aluminium alloy 505 ~ 535 DEG C be dissolved 2 ~ 8 hours, it is small in 175 ~ 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 ~ 48 after water quenching When, the heat-resisting aluminium alloy is obtained after furnace cooling.
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Address after: 510000 363 Changxin Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong. Patentee after: Industrial analysis and testing center of Guangdong Academy of Sciences Address before: 510651 No. 363, Changxin Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Tianhe District Patentee before: GUANGDONG INDUSTRY ANALYSIS TESTING CENTER |