CN106319274A - Scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN106319274A
CN106319274A CN201610900501.4A CN201610900501A CN106319274A CN 106319274 A CN106319274 A CN 106319274A CN 201610900501 A CN201610900501 A CN 201610900501A CN 106319274 A CN106319274 A CN 106319274A
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waste
aluminum
aluminium
old
heat
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CN106319274B (en
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牛艳萍
唐维学
杨勇
王顺成
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Industrial Analysis And Testing Center Of Guangdong Academy Of Sciences
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Guangdong Industrial Analysis And Inspection Center
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method of the scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy. The raw materials of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy comprise, by mass, 60.5%-63.0% of scrap aluminum profiles, 10.5%-11.0% of scrap aluminum castings, 7.0%-7.5% of scrap aluminum plates, 15.0%-16.0% of waste aluminum wires and 4.5%-5.5% of scrap copper wires. According to the scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy and the preparation method of the scrap aluminum regeneration type heat-resistant aluminum alloy, scrap aluminum is used as the raw material to be directly regenerated for production of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the use value of the scrap aluminum is improved, the production cost of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy is lowered, and the produced heat-resistant aluminum alloy has excellent indoor-temperature strength and high-temperature strength, can be applied to the automobile field, the rail transit field, the maritime work facility field, the aerospace field and the like and has broad application prospect.

Description

A kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminium alloy preparation, be specifically related to a kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation side thereof Method.
Background technology
Heat-resisting aluminium alloy refers to use at relatively high temperatures and the aluminium alloy softened does not occurs.Heat-resisting aluminium alloy extensively should For automobile engine cylinder-body, cylinder cap, piston, gear box casing, turbo-compressor blade, means of transport connector, petroleum drilling Bar, airborne vehicle bulkhead, spar, rivet, missile case etc..Along with automobile, track traffic, frock is standby in sea, Aero-Space, weapon dress Standby develops rapidly, gets more and more the demand of heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Literature retrieval finds, prior art, mainly with primary aluminium as raw material, adds during melting and casting The alloying elements such as copper, magnesium, manganese, zirconium prepare heat-resisting aluminium alloy.It is known that primary aluminium is prepared by alumina eltrolysis, and aluminum is electric Solving is high energy consumption industry, and the total energy consumption producing 1 ton of electrolytic aluminium is equivalent to the standard coal of 9000 kilograms, the most also can discharge substantial amounts of Carbon dioxide, dust and solid waste, cause serious environmental pollution.It is mainly former material with primary aluminium due to prior art Material, prepares heat-resisting aluminium alloy by adding a large amount of alloying elements, and the production cost causing heat-resisting aluminium alloy is higher, popularization and application The most difficult.
China is aluminium production and consumption big country, produces substantial amounts of aluminium scrap the most continuously.Utilize aluminium scrap secondary aluminium Alloy, can significantly reduce the production cost of aluminium alloy, and greatly reduce consumption and carbon dioxide, dust and the solid of the energy The discharge of garbage.But the most aluminium scrap of China is currently used primarily in the Cast aluminium alloy gold that regeneration is low value-added, contains in aluminium scrap A large amount of alloying element such as some copper, magnesium, manganese, zirconium is not utilized effectively, and causes the huge waste of resource.Therefore, fully Utilize the heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a large amount of alloying element Direct Regeneration high added values contained in aluminium scrap, for improving the use valency of aluminium scrap Value, the production cost tool of reduction heat-resisting aluminium alloy are of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the problems and shortcomings that prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of aluminium scrap regeneration alumite closes Gold and preparation method thereof, with aluminium scrap for main raw material(s) Direct Regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, improves the use value of aluminium scrap, reduces resistance to The production cost of hot aluminium alloy.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The raw material composition of heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention is by mass percentage: the waste aluminium section of 60.5 ~ 63.0%, 10.5 ~ The waste aluminum foundry goods of 11.0%, the waste and old aluminium sheet of 7.0 ~ 7.5%, the waste and old aluminum steel of 15.0 ~ 16.0%, the waste and old copper cash of 4.5 ~ 5.5%.
The preparation method of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy comprises the steps of:
(1) waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash are added heat fusing at 700 ~ 760 DEG C Become aluminum alloy melt;
(2) with hexachlorethane, the aluminum alloy melt of step (1) is carried out refine degasification slagging-off to process;
(3) aluminum alloy melt of step (2) is become aluminium alloy in 680 ~ 740 DEG C of castings or casting or continuous casting and rolling;
(4) by the aluminium alloy of step (3) 505 ~ 535 DEG C of solid solutions 2 ~ 8 hours, little 175 ~ 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 ~ 48 after shrend Time, obtain described heat-resisting aluminium alloy after furnace cooling.
The chemical composition of above-mentioned waste aluminium section and mass percent be: Mg 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Si 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Fe≤ 0.8%, Cu≤0.9%, Mn≤0.55%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus is Al.
Chemical composition and the mass percent of above-mentioned waste aluminum foundry goods be: Si 3.5 ~ 5.5%, Mn 1.5 ~ 3.5%, Cu 0.1 ~ 0.4%, Fe≤0.9%, Cr≤0.45%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus is Al.
Chemical composition and the mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old aluminium sheet be: Mg 4.5 ~ 7.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 1.2%, Cr 0.05 ~ 0.45%, Si≤0.4%, Fe≤0.6%, Cu≤0.5%, surplus is Al.
Chemical composition and the mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old aluminum steel be: Zr 0.5 ~ 2.5%, Fe 0.2 ~ 0.8%, Mg≤ 0.7%, Si≤0.55%, Ti≤0.015%, B≤0.006%, surplus is Al.
Chemical composition and the mass percent of above-mentioned waste and old copper cash be: Bi≤0.03%, Sb≤0.04%, Fe≤ 0.05%, Ni≤0.04%, Pb≤0.02%, Sn≤0.01%, surplus is Cu.
The consumption of described hexachlorethane is the 0.3 ~ 0.5% of raw material gross mass.
The present invention is direct for raw material with waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash Regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, by optimizing the raw-material composition of aluminium scrap, it is thus achieved that many containing elements such as Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Cr, Zr, Fe The heat-resisting aluminium alloy of unit's combined microalloying, wherein Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Fe element can be solid-solubilized in aluminum substrate that to play solid solution strong Change effect, can increase interatomic adhesion, the diffusion process of the atom that slows down and the decomposition rate of solid solution, improves aluminium alloy Heat stability at high temperature.Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Fe can also form Al with Al2CuMg、Al2FeSi、Al6Mn、Al3Fe etc. hard and Crisp intermetallic compound, these intermetallic compounds have the advantages that fusing point is high, quantity is many and size is tiny, in aluminium alloy The sliding of crystal boundary and the motion of dislocation can be hindered, improve the elevated temperature strength of aluminium alloy.Cr, Zr element can be thin in aluminium alloy Change crystal grain, it is also possible to form the Al of disperse3Cr and Al3Zr hardening constituent, having stable high-temperature performance of these hardening constituents, wrong with aluminum substrate Degree of joining is low, forms symbiosis and epibiosis, energy effectively pin dislocation with aluminum substrate, hinders Grain Boundary Sliding, suppress aluminum substrate recrystallization, improve The recrystallization temperature of aluminum substrate and the elevated temperature strength of aluminium alloy.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that
(1) heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention is with waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash Obtain for raw material Direct Regeneration, it is not necessary to use primary aluminium and add the alloying elements such as Cu, Mg, Mn, Cr, Zr, therefore having Relatively low production cost is lower by more than 40% than the production cost of existing similar heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
(2) heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention has room temperature and the elevated temperature strength of excellence, and wherein 25 DEG C of room temperature tensile intensity are more than 500MPa, percentage elongation is more than 8%, and 250 DEG C of Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperatures are more than 11% more than 400MPa, percentage elongation, can be used for automobile, track The fields such as traffic, sea standby, the Aero-Space of frock, have broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with instantiation, technical scheme is further described.
Embodiment 1
The raw material composition of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is by mass percentage: waste aluminium section (chemical composition and the percent mass of 60.5% Ratio is: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.8%, Fe 0.5%, Cu 0.6%, Mn 0.4%, Zn 0.3%, and surplus is Al), the waste aluminum of 10.5% Foundry goods (chemical composition and mass percent be: Si 3.5%, Mn 1.5%, Cu 0.2%, Fe 0.9%, Cr 0.45%, Zn 0.3%, Surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Mg 7.5%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 0.05%, Si for the waste and old aluminium sheet of 7.5% 0.4%, Fe 0.6%, Cu 0.2%, surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Zr for the waste and old aluminum steel of 16.0% 1.5%, Fe 0.3%, Mg 0.4%, Si 0.25%, Ti 0.015%, B 0.006%, surplus is Al) and the waste and old copper cash (change of 5.5% Study point and mass percent is: Bi 0.009%, Sb 0.007%, Fe 0.01%, Ni 0.04%, Pb 0.002%, Sn 0.001%, surplus is Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1) waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash are fused into aluminum 760 DEG C of heating Aluminium alloy;
(2) with the hexachlorethane that raw material gross mass percentage ratio is 0.4%, the aluminum alloy melt of step (1) is carried out refine degasification to remove Slag treatment;
(3) aluminum alloy melt of step (2) is cast as aluminium alloy at 740 DEG C;
(4) by the aluminium alloy of step (3) 535 DEG C of solid solutions 2 hours, 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 hours after shrend, after furnace cooling To described heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 2
The raw material composition of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is by mass percentage: waste aluminium section (chemical composition and the percent mass of 63.0% Ratio is: Mg 0.9%, Si 0.6%, Fe 0.7%, Cu 0.2%, Mn 0.5%, Zn 0.1%, and surplus is Al), the waste aluminum of 10.5% Foundry goods (chemical composition and mass percent be: Si 4.0%, Mn 1.9%, Cu 0.3%, Fe 0.5%, Cr 0.4%, Zn 0.2%, Surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Mg 6.5%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 0.45%, Si for the waste and old aluminium sheet of 7.0% 0.34%, Fe 0.6%, Cu 0.2%, surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Zr for the waste and old aluminum steel of 15.0% 0.5%, Fe 0.2%, Mg 0.2%, Si 0.5%, Ti 0.01%, B 0.005%, surplus is Al) and the waste and old copper cash (chemistry of 4.5% Composition and mass percent be: Bi 0.001%, Sb 0.009%, Fe 0.01%, Ni 0.02%, Pb 0.02%, Sn 0.01%, remaining Amount is Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1) waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash are fused into aluminum 730 DEG C of heating Aluminium alloy;
(2) with the hexachlorethane that raw material gross mass percentage ratio is 0.3%, the aluminum alloy melt of step (1) is carried out refine degasification to remove Slag treatment;
(3) aluminum alloy melt of step (2) is become aluminium alloy 710 DEG C of castings;
(4) by the aluminium alloy of step (3) 505 DEG C of solid solutions 8 hours, 175 DEG C of timeliness 48 hours after shrend, after furnace cooling To described heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 3
The raw material composition of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is by mass percentage: waste aluminium section (chemical composition and the percent mass of 61.5% Ratio is: Mg 0.3%, Si 0.3%, Fe 0.2%, Cu 0.8%, Mn 0.55%, Zn 0.2%, and surplus is Al), the waste aluminum of 11.0% Foundry goods (chemical composition and mass percent be: Si 5.5%, Mn 3.5%, Cu 0.1%, Fe 0.1%, Cr 0.4%, Zn 0.3%, Surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Mg 4.5%, Mn 0.4%, Cr 0.45%, Si for the waste and old aluminium sheet of 7.5% 0.4%, Fe 0.2%, Cu 0.4%, surplus is Al), (chemical composition and mass percent be: Zr for the waste and old aluminum steel of 15.0% 0.5%, Fe 0.2%, Mg 0.7%, Si 0.15%, Ti 0.005%, B 0.001%, surplus is Al) and the waste and old copper cash (change of 5.0% Study point and mass percent be: Bi 0.03%, Sb 0.01%, Fe 0.04%, Ni 0.04%, Pb 0.01%, Sn 0.001%, Surplus is Cu).The preparation process of heat-resisting aluminium alloy is as follows:
(1) above-mentioned waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash are added heat fusing at 700 DEG C Become aluminum alloy melt;
(2) with the hexachlorethane that raw material gross mass percentage ratio is 0.5%, the aluminum alloy melt of step (1) is carried out refine degasification to remove Slag treatment;
(3) aluminum alloy melt of step (2) is become aluminium alloy 680 DEG C of continuous casting and rollings;
(4) by the aluminium alloy of step (3) 515 DEG C of solid solutions 6 hours, 190 DEG C of timeliness 24 hours after shrend, after furnace cooling To described heat-resisting aluminium alloy.
By GB228-2010 " metal material stretching test " standard, embodiment 1-3 heat-resisting aluminium alloy is processed into standard and draws Stretch sample, on DNS200 type universal electrical cupping machine, carry out tension test at 25 DEG C and 250 DEG C respectively, detect heat-resisting The room temperature of aluminium alloy and drawing by high temperature mechanical property, result is as shown in table 1.
The room temperature of table 1 embodiment 1-3 heat-resisting aluminium alloy and drawing by high temperature mechanical property
From table 1 it can be seen that, 25 DEG C of room temperature tensile intensity are more than 8% more than 500MPa, percentage elongation, and 250 DEG C of Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperatures are more than 400MPa, percentage elongation is more than 11%, and heat-resisting aluminium alloy has room temperature and the elevated temperature strength of excellence.Heat-resisting aluminium alloy of the present invention is whole Using waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash is that raw material Direct Regeneration obtains, not Using primary aluminium and add the alloying elements such as Cu, Mg, Mn, Cr, Zr, heat-resisting aluminium alloy the most of the present invention has relatively low production and becomes This.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but does not limit the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute Other changes of disclosed embodiment, as the professional person for this area is readily apparent that, such change should belong to Within the scope of the claims in the present invention limit.

Claims (3)

1. an aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that the raw material of this heat-resisting aluminium alloy forms by mass percentage For: the waste aluminium section of 60.5 ~ 63.0%, the waste aluminum foundry goods of 10.5 ~ 11.0%, the waste and old aluminium sheet of 7.0 ~ 7.5%, 15.0 ~ The waste and old aluminum steel of 16.0%, the waste and old copper cash of 4.5 ~ 5.5%;
The chemical composition of described waste aluminium section and mass percent be: Mg 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Si 0.3 ~ 1.2%, Fe≤0.8%, Cu≤0.9%, Mn≤0.55%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus is Al;
Chemical composition and the mass percent of described waste aluminum foundry goods be: Si 3.5 ~ 5.5%, Mn 1.5 ~ 3.5%, Cu 0.1 ~ 0.4%, Fe≤0.9%, Cr≤0.45%, Zn≤0.3%, surplus is Al;
Chemical composition and the mass percent of described waste and old aluminium sheet be: Mg 4.5 ~ 7.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 1.2%, Cr 0.05 ~ 0.45%, Si≤0.4%, Fe≤0.6%, Cu≤0.5%, surplus is Al;
Chemical composition and the mass percent of described waste and old aluminum steel be: Zr 0.5~2.5%, Fe 0.2 ~ 0.8%, Mg≤0.7%, Si≤0.55%, Ti≤0.015%, B≤0.006%, surplus is Al;
Chemical composition and the mass percent of described waste and old copper cash be: Bi≤0.03%, Sb≤0.04%, Fe≤0.05%, Ni ≤ 0.04%, Pb≤0.02%, Sn≤0.01%, surplus is Cu.
2. the preparation method of the aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
(1) waste aluminium section, waste aluminum foundry goods, waste and old aluminium sheet, waste and old aluminum steel and waste and old copper cash are added heat fusing at 700 ~ 760 DEG C Become aluminum alloy melt;
(2) with hexachlorethane, the aluminum alloy melt of step (1) is carried out refine degasification slagging-off to process;
(3) aluminum alloy melt of step (2) is become aluminium alloy in 680 ~ 740 DEG C of castings or casting or continuous casting and rolling;
(4) by the aluminium alloy of step (3) 505 ~ 535 DEG C of solid solutions 2 ~ 8 hours, little 175 ~ 210 DEG C of timeliness 12 ~ 48 after shrend Time, obtain described heat-resisting aluminium alloy after furnace cooling.
The preparation method of aluminium scrap the most according to claim 2 regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that described hexachlorethane Consumption is raw material gross mass 0.3 ~ 0.5%.
CN201610900501.4A 2016-10-17 2016-10-17 A kind of aluminium scrap regeneration heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Active CN106319274B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107513648A (en) * 2017-09-23 2017-12-26 新沂市中诺新材料科技有限公司 A kind of heat resistant type aluminium alloy processing technology
CN114672710A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-06-28 常州工学院 Oriented structure heat-resistant aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101445879A (en) * 2009-01-13 2009-06-03 周岳建 Method for producing water meter casing by using corrosion-resisting aluminum casting alloy and products thereof
CN104388777A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-04 广西南南铝加工有限公司 High-strength aluminum alloy slab and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101445879A (en) * 2009-01-13 2009-06-03 周岳建 Method for producing water meter casing by using corrosion-resisting aluminum casting alloy and products thereof
CN104388777A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-04 广西南南铝加工有限公司 High-strength aluminum alloy slab and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107513648A (en) * 2017-09-23 2017-12-26 新沂市中诺新材料科技有限公司 A kind of heat resistant type aluminium alloy processing technology
CN114672710A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-06-28 常州工学院 Oriented structure heat-resistant aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof

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