CN106312829B - Fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process - Google Patents
Fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312829B CN106312829B CN201610909529.4A CN201610909529A CN106312829B CN 106312829 B CN106312829 B CN 106312829B CN 201610909529 A CN201610909529 A CN 201610909529A CN 106312829 B CN106312829 B CN 106312829B
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- raw material
- fastener
- water
- treatment process
- ball blast
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process, remove iron scale using ball blast is carried out to fastener raw material surface by formula shot-blasting machine；Fastener raw material surface Jing Guo Shot Blasting is sprayed；Lubricant layer is applied to the fastener raw material surface after spray in saponification pond, supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide, lime, clear water are put into saponification pond according to 2:1:10:600 and are stirred evenly, it is configured to saponification liquor, supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide are soluble easily in water.By treatment process of the invention, steel surface impeller blasting quality can reach the very thorough cleaning grade of the Sa2.5 standard in the ISO8501-1 standard of IOS publication；Present treatment technique will not cause any adverse effect to the mechanical performance index of raw material simultaneously, while decrease environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process.
Background technique
Steel after hot rolling or heat treatment have one layer of iron scale to be covered on steel surface.The presence of iron scale,
On the one hand lubricant effect is influenced, on the other hand, at cold group, since iron scale hardness is larger, the surfaces such as road plan is easily caused to lack
It falls into, while can also make to draw and dial power increase, aggravate die wear, cause group system difficult, cold group of steel smooth finish surface is not achieved
It is required that.So steel must clean out its scale on surface before cold group, iron scale composition is mainly three oxidations two
Iron and ferroso-ferric oxide.
In fastener is conventionally produced, the first end production process raw material have following two except oxidation sheet metal worker skill is common
Kind production technology:
One, the method for raw material bending wire shelling, mainly deforms raw material bending wire, borrows the powerful drawing of drawbench
Power, to make the iron scale of wire surface be stripped in wire rod bending deformation process, but this production technology is only limited in
Former material diameter is in 20 millimeters of low-carbon steel raw materials below, if raw material diameter is more than 20 millimeters, raw material be medium carbon steel or
When low-alloy steel, the yield strengths of raw material increases, using the method for bending shelling, raw material metal fiber in bending deformation and
Under strong pulling force effect, it must be destroyed or be pulled off, so that the mechanical performance of material is influenced, so the shelling of raw material bending wire
Method has certain limitation in fastener production.
Two, in fastener is conventionally produced, the first end production process raw material descaling technique all uses pickling,
Its acid cleaning process process are as follows: pickling-washing-neutralization-surface applies lubricant layer, is also known as saponified, and pickling is fastener production
In cold group of steel production key.
Raw material wire rod with pickling removes iron scale, and there are following problems:
(1) since in acid cleaning process, being put by acid concentration, pickling fluid temperature and raw material wire rod is influenced, metal with
Acid generates chemistry reflection, generates part hydrogen atom, it is penetrated into the crystal lattice of metal, and makes its deformation, makes hydrogen after deformation
It is more spread into metal, partial hydrogen atom passes through metal and molecularization, escapes from acid solution, the molecularization of part hydrogen atom
Lattice deformability generate " micro- emptying aperture " boundary on or metal be mingled with and hole in carry out, pressure of the hydrogen in emptying aperture can
Reach very high values, makes to produce the internal stress for causing hydrogen embrittlement in metal；
(2) metal storage period in acid solution is too long, under acid solution effect, the phenomenon that surface gradually becomes coarse pitted skin
Referred to as overpickling, its mechanical performance elongation percentage of the raw material of overpickling are substantially reduced, and fracture is also easy to produce during drawing and dialling and is broken
It is broken；
(3) due to raw material wire rod put or pickling time is insufficient, cause material surface partial oxidation iron sheet not clear up
Completely, pickling is referred to as owed, for the iron scale for owing not clear up in pickling during cold group, iron scale hardness is larger, is attached to original
Material surface enters in wire poking module with raw material, causes the surface defects such as road plan, while can also make to draw and dial power increase, grinds mold
Damage aggravation；
(4) waste of water, steel after overpickling, are hanging in the acid solution that cleaning material surface is attached in service sink, raw material
High pressure water cleans it again after hanging out out of service sink, larger to the waste of water in entire water-washing process；
(5) influence of waste acid treatment and cleaning solution to environment after pickling, the neutralization in waste acid treatment i.e. technique, it leads
If spent acid is put into neutralization pond, then solid caustic soda is added to neutralization pond, allows spent acid and caustic soda that chemistry reflection occurs, generate water
And hydrogen, but there is also a large amount of ferrous sulfate to be unable to normal reaction in spent acid, while also having the presence of a large amount of acid in cleaning solution, and it is dense
Degree less, is eventually adding in caustic soda and reflects, but although the liquid after neutralization reaches discharge standard, but such industry water gives off
After going, soil hardening will also result in, ferrous sulfate also with being discharged simultaneously, thus certainly will influence crop growth, and pickling
Also contain a large amount of heavy metal ion in journey in waste water, it is exceeded as its and caused by pollution to water body, biology is poisoned, or even
It is all finally self-evident to the injury of human health；
(6) harm of the acid to equipment, people in acid cleaning process, in acid cleaning process, sour pond gives out a large amount of acid mist, also
It is so-called acid gas.On the one hand acid mist is by the volatilization of acid；On the other hand it is that metallic iron reflects with acid in pickling, generates big
Hydrogen is measured, hydrogen is escaped from sour pond, is brought out together with acid solution formation particle water droplet, is formed acid mist, due to sour in air
The presence of mist makes house in workshop, equipment suffer erosion and premature breakdown, and overhead traveling crane generally makes due to being corroded by acid mist in workshop
It cannot be used with 5-6, while have an effect on worker's health；
(7) generated hydrogen embrittlement, overpickling, deficient pickling after pickling due to raw material, to the requirement of rear process antirust treatment
Higher, raw material are in saponification process, and for the requirement of saponification liquor first by required soap and animal oil, quick lime three is mixed
It closes uniformly, and after certain time ferments, places into service sink, suitable quantity of water is added, due to joined animal oil in preparation
And soap, raw material must heat saponification liquor with boiler in saponification, make animal oil and soap melted by heat.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above of the prior art, the present invention provides at a kind of fastener raw material scale on surface
Science and engineering skill can fundamentally solve environmental pollution caused by fastener raw material scale on surface acid cleaning process, to equipment,
The harm of people optimizes scale on surface with acid cleaning process, uses raw material by formula ball blast, ball blast-spray
Leaching-surface applies lubricant layer, optimizes by series of process, product quality, environment get a promotion, and equipment, workers ' health are able to
Guarantee.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: at a kind of fastener raw material scale on surface
Science and engineering skill, includes the following steps:
Step 1: removing iron scale using ball blast is carried out to fastener raw material surface by formula shot-blasting machine；
Step 2: being sprayed to the fastener raw material surface Jing Guo Shot Blasting；
Step 3: applying lubricant layer to the fastener raw material surface after spray in saponification pond:
Supersaturated fatty acid, lime, clear water are put into saponification pond according to 2:1:10:600 and are stirred evenly, is configured to be saponified
Liquid.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is:
By treatment process of the invention, steel surface impeller blasting quality can reach IOS publication
Sa2.5 standard in ISO8501-1 standard, that is, very thorough cleaning grade: without using amplification sem observation, on the surface after cleaning not
There are greases and booty, and oxide skin, rust, old paint and impurity is also not present.Thorough impurity is not removed only with faintly visible
Sheet or strip exist.Present treatment technique will not cause any adverse effect to the mechanical performance index of raw material simultaneously, make
It obtains product quality effectively to be promoted, environment has obtained effective change.Since, without acid mist, Devices in Workshop makes in workshop
Several times of growth is obtained with the service life, worker's health is guaranteed；Simultaneously because boiler heats and what spent acid neutralized eliminates,
Greatly reduce production cost.
Specific embodiment
A kind of fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process, includes the following steps:
Step 1: removing iron scale using ball blast is carried out to fastener raw material surface by formula shot-blasting machine:
The present invention is better Environment control, protects worker for harm and deficiency in the acid cleaning process of prior art
Health, improving steel surface iron scale cleaning quality will be referred to tightly in conjunction with steel actual conditions by formula shot-blasting machine
In firmware raw material surface deoxygenation iron sheet, ball blast is that shot is thrown to steel using high-speed rotating impeller except removing iron scale
Surface achievees the purpose that except iron scale.
During ball blast, it is necessary to carry out the determination work of following parameter:
One, shot diameter used in ball blast is selected
Raw material surface roughness value directly affects cold group of process chinese raw materials of finishing operations and draws group rear surface presentation quality
And the service life of wire poking module；Due to medium carbon steel, low-alloy steel mechanical performance in yield strength compared with mild steel height, elongation percentage
It is low compared with mild steel, if the choosing of shot granularity is excessive, necessarily hit by big face large impact power on ball blast chinese raw materials surface, from
And material surface is made to form processing hardening, cause raw material yield strength to increase compared with mild steel, elongation percentage is reduced compared with mild steel, together
When shot it is excessive, ball blast will also make materials statement surface roughness reduction, draw dial during can all cause raw material be pulled off and
The service life for shortening wire poking module, if shot undersized, although raw material surface obtains higher roughness, due to original
Material rigidity is higher, and the service life of shot is short；Reduction and shot in order to ensure the roughness value after raw material ball blast
Adequate service life should be generally advisable using the shot of 0.5-0.75mm diameter；It can be selected if raw material are mild steel
The shot of 1.2-2mm diameter is advisable.
Two, during ball blast shot ball blast amount per minute determination
For medium carbon steel, low-alloy steel, surface will reach Sa2.5 standard, and each ramming head ball blast amount per minute is according to standard
Every 1KW10-15Kg.Due to using by formula shot-blasting machine, raw material be all be piecemeal round by carrying out Shot Blasting
Steel, raw material surface is little, and the utilization rate of shot can only achieve 25-40%, so the upper limit 40% is selected to be advisable.
Three, the determination of ball blast process chinese raw materials feeding speed
Using by formula shot-blasting machine, ramming head is three ramming heads, is that one part of raw material round steel is passed through ball blast in shot-blasting machine,
From raw material feeds-ball blast-raw material discharging, whole equipment is controlled using PLC, and raw material are each during entire ball blast
All ensure that a continuity between part, and come out and unload in feeding process to raw material, raw material all do not stall it is dynamic, to guarantee
The each surface of material can be cleared up.For guarantee raw material surface processing can reach Sa2.5 standard, also need control raw material into
To speed, work as excessive velocities, the iron scale cleaning on raw material surface is not clean, and surface also residual oxidization iron sheet is not achieved
Sa2.5 requirement；And when speed is excessively slow, shot hits the bump of material surface, raw material surface processing hardening must be caused,
The service life of quality and wire poking module is dialled in the drawing that the two all will affect the cold sequence raw material of exchanging work in lower road, in conjunction with ball blast amount per minute and
Raw material diameter, raw material diameter set selected raw material feeding speed speed per minute in 20-25mm, in PLC program
It is advisable for 32 meters, in 26-35mm, set selected raw material speed per minute in PLC program is advisable raw material diameter as 30 meters.Together
When due to raw material diameter it is bigger, reason of being self-possessed increases with the coefficient of friction of drawing-inroller, so its feed speed is also compared with diameter
Small is fast, and the big feeding speed of the small diameter group of diameter sets big reason on above two factor i.e. PLC.
Step 2: being sprayed on discharging material guide mechanism to fastener raw material surface:
Raw material are after ball blast, and surface must generate processing hardening and appearance is uneven, not influence cold exchange work
Quality is dialled in the drawing of sequence material, it is necessary to rationally be solved the problem in ball blast, and be made full use of the uneven of material surface.It is first
It first extremely discharges on material guide mechanism after ball blast in raw material, using the waste heat after material ball blast, increases and material surface is sprayed together
Process is drenched, the raw material after ball blast are at high temperature by spray, and surface quickly generates one layer very thin of rust powder, and become rusty powder
The coefficient of friction for reducing raw material material and wire poking module during cold group is generated, due to the coefficient of friction of material and wire poking module
It is effectively improved.
It being hardened to solve raw material through ball blast rear surface, raw material are former all using to whole heap material water drenching after ball blast, by
It mutually accumulates in material, can not be poured on following most raw material surface；To guarantee that every raw material surface can uniformly be drenched
Water devises a spray water tank in shot-blasting machine discharge port, and waterbox design is that a mouth is respectively opened in front and back, passes through for raw material,
Design has nozzle in water tank, and water tank is divided into respect of return pipe, not waste water, is also devised with a water storage tank, water container backwater pipe
It is connected with water pipe with water storage tank, the water after leaching recycles in water tank and comes back to water storage tank, Reusability, and peace is designed on water storage tank
Equipped with water pump, it is connected with water pipe with nozzle, to form a closed spray circuit.
Step 3: applying lubricant layer to fastener raw material surface:
Raw material after ball blast apply lubricant layer on next procedure surface, required in preparation through practice discovery saponification liquor
Animal oil and soap can all eliminate, using the characteristic that supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide are soluble easily in water, used saturated fat
Acid, sodium hydroxide substitution animal oil and soap, when preparing saponification liquor, need to by supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide according to than
Example is directly placed into saponification pond, and required lime in proportion is added, and stirs evenly, in process for preparation, supersaturated fatty acid, hydrogen-oxygen
Change sodium, lime, clear water quality to be prepared in strict accordance with 2:1:10:600；According to the saponification liquor that aforementioned proportion is prepared, through being saponified
The steel surface for just having gone out pond has lime and supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide solution sufficiently to chemically react, generates fatty acid
Sodium salt and fatty acid calcium salt coating, touch with sticky feeling with hand, fatty acid sodium salt and fatty acid calcium salt are a kind of good profits
Slip, the manufacture craft of soap be exactly heated after being reacted using supersaturated fatty acid with sodium hydroxide, and animal oil at
Part is exactly fatty acid, using supersaturated fatty acid and sodium hydroxide characteristic soluble easily in water, so used saturated fatty acid and hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena directly eliminates animal oil and soap；Just because of animal oil and soap are eliminated, material is in coating lubricant layer saponifying process
On be not required to heat saponification liquor, to eliminate boiler, in production normal temperature state just directly will be after ball blast gets rusty
Material hangs in saponification pond and is saponified, and plays the role of reducing auxiliary process, has accomplished low-carbon environment-friendly production, simultaneously because mistake
Saturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide have extraordinary lubricity, and are substantially soluble in water, supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide, stone
After ash, clear water sufficiently react, forms brand-name grease and be adhered to steel surface, after drawing and dialling, surface saves steel
Preferable lubricating grease plays good lubricating action for lower road contracting bar, reduces the damage of contracting bar mould, reduce costs, former
Come with since boiler heats liquid, steel and saponification liquor be all it is hot, steel surface coating lubricant layer moisture content volatilizees quickly, by
In having eliminated boiler, steel and saponification liquor are all room temperature, and steel are in time put out steel, after saponification to be conducive to
Steel surface applies the volatilization of lubricant layer moisture content.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: removing iron scale using ball blast is carried out to fastener raw material surface by formula shot-blasting machine；
Step 2: being sprayed using the waste heat after ball blast to the fastener raw material surface Jing Guo Shot Blasting；
Step 3: applying lubricant layer to the fastener raw material surface after spray in saponification pond before cold group of contracting bar:
Supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide, lime, clear water are put into saponification pond according to 2:1:10:600 and are stirred evenly, is prepared
At saponification liquor, supersaturated fatty acid, sodium hydroxide are soluble easily in water.
2. fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
During the ball blast, if raw material are medium carbon steel or low-alloy steel, the shot of 0. 5-0.75mm diameter is used；If
Raw material are mild steel, then use the shot of 1.2-2mm diameter.
3. fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
It is 10-15Kg/1KW by each ramming head of formula shot-blasting machine ball blast amount per minute during the ball blast.
4. fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
During the ball blast, if raw material diameter is 20-25mm, feeding speed is 32 meters per minute；If raw material diameter
For 26-35mm, then feeding speed is 30 meters per minute.
5. fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2 institute
The spray process stated is completed in spray water tank, and the spray water tank setting is passing through formula shot-blasting machine discharge outlet.
6. fastener raw material scale on surface treatment process according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the spray
A mouth is respectively opened before and after water tank, passes through for raw material, tank top is provided with nozzle, water tank bottom is provided with return pipe
It is connect with water storage tank, water pump is installed on water storage tank, the water pump is connected by water pipe with nozzle, to form a closing
Spray circuit.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107695117A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-02-16 | 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 | A kind of saponification process technique for bolt class product |
| CN110328270A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-10-15 | 南通海洲紧固件制造有限公司 | Bolt blank undergauge treatment process |
| CN111958494A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-20 | 无锡银臻材料科技有限公司 | Production process of surface oxide of base material for composite board |
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| US8728244B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2014-05-20 | Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for descaling a metal strip |
| CN101172327A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-05-07 | 阚柳凤 | Anchor clipper through hole type workblank cold pressing technique |
| CN102107227A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-06-29 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | Method for manufacturing internal gear of speed-reducing starter |
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