CN106290900A - 一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒及其检测方法 - Google Patents

一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒及其检测方法 Download PDF

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CN106290900A
CN106290900A CN201610616454.0A CN201610616454A CN106290900A CN 106290900 A CN106290900 A CN 106290900A CN 201610616454 A CN201610616454 A CN 201610616454A CN 106290900 A CN106290900 A CN 106290900A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒。本发明提供的核酸适体,与人NASG蛋白具有较好的亲和能力。利用本发明的核酸适体,可以捕获鼻咽中的NASG蛋白,通过其含量的变化来检测鼻咽癌,将其制备成为相应的试剂盒,将用于鼻咽癌的筛查。利用本发明的试剂盒,具有高灵敏、成本低、易制备、易保存的优点。

Description

一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒及其检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒及其检测方法。
背景技术
鼻咽癌(NPC)是我国南方常见的恶性肿瘤,广东为高发区。鼻咽癌是指鼻咽粘膜上皮发生的癌肿,大多为低分化鳞癌,其恶性度高,发病部位隐蔽,特别是在咽隐窝和鼻咽顶部者,早期症状不明显,因而难以早期发现,误诊误治率较高,可达12.2%,因而在确诊的鼻咽癌中,其5年生存率长期徘徊在50%~60%左右。对鼻咽癌进行早期诊断以便早期治疗,提高患者的生存率一直是NPC临床研究的重要课题之一。
目前对鼻咽癌早期的检测方法有多种,包括有:EB病毒血清学标记物如病毒壳抗原一免疫球蛋白A(EBVCA 21gA)、EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白、EB病毒早期复合抗原(EBV 2-EA)IgG的抗体检测,鼻咽癌相关肿瘤标记物如白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子、细胞间黏附分子、CYFRA2121以及端粒酶等的检测。虽然这些指标的单独或联合应用为鼻咽癌的诊断提供了有用的信息,然而它们均缺乏足够的灵敏度与特异性。
NASG蛋白是一种分泌性蛋白(基因序列登录号:AF439448.1),在正常人及鼻咽部慢性炎症患者的鼻咽组织中表达丰富,而在鼻咽癌患者的鼻咽组织中表达显著下调。因而如何通过检测NASG蛋白的含量以及如何无创伤地获取NASG蛋白则是建立早期、无创伤检测鼻咽癌的有效方法。
核酸适体(Aptamer,又称适配体,适配子)是能高亲和性、高特异性的结合某种生物革El标的单链寡核酸分子(ssDNA或ssRNA)。核酸适体是通过指数富集配体系统进化技术(Systemat1c Evolut1on of L1gands by Exponent1al enr1chment,SELEX)从人工合成的DNA/RNA文库中筛选得到的能够高度特异性结合靶标分子的单链DNA/RNA。已报道核酸适体的靶标包括金属离子、有机小分子、多肽、蛋白质、细胞甚至组织等。核酸适体的分子识别功能与抗体类似,具有与抗体分子相当甚至更强的靶标识别能力,但与抗体相比具有很多优良的特性,如分子量小,能批量生产,不易失活,无免疫原性、容易合成与标记、快速的穿透组织、良好的代谢动力学、不同批次之间产品不会存在差异和具有很好化学稳定性,在生物检测、疾病诊断治疗等领域具有重要的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种特异结合NASG的核酸适体及其试剂盒。
本发明提供的核酸适体,是序列表的序列1-15任一项所示的单链DNA。
所述核酸适体与NASG蛋白具有较好的亲和能力。
还可将所述核酸适体进行修饰或改造,得到所述核酸适体的衍生物。
所述核酸适体的衍生物可为如下任意一种:
a)将所述核酸适体删除部分或增加部分互补的核苷酸,得到的与所述核酸适体具有相同功能的核酸适体的衍生物;
b)将所述核酸适体进行核苷酸取代或部分修饰,得到的与所述核酸适体具有相同功能的核酸适体的衍生物;
c)将所述核酸适体的骨架改造为硫代磷酸酯骨架,得到的与所述核酸适体具有相同功能的核酸适体的衍生物;
d)将核酸适体改造为肽核酸,得到的与所述核酸适体具有相同功能的核酸适体的衍生物;
e)将所述核酸适体连接上荧光、放射性和治疗性物质后,得到的与所述核酸适体具有相同功能的核酸适体的衍生物。
所述核酸适体可用于制备检测NASG的试剂盒。
利用本发明的核酸适体,可以捕获中鼻咽组织中的中的NASG,从而用于相关鼻咽癌筛查。利用本发明的核酸适体,具有高灵敏、成本低、易制备、易保存的优点。本发明具有很高的应用价值。
具体实施方式
以下的实施例便于更好地理解本发明,但并不限定本发明。下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
实施例1NASG蛋白的获得
将AF439448.1所示的NASG基因通过本领域常规的真核表达方式进行表达,获得了相应的目的多肽蛋白。
实施例2核酸适体的筛选和制备
设计两端包含大约20个核苷酸、中间包括40个核苷酸的随机核酸文库如下:
5‘-TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAG(N40)AACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT-3’;N40代表40个随机核苷酸。
将单链DNA文库扩增为双链DNA,产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳并切胶回收纯化;以回收的双链DNA为模板,体外转录出单链RNA随机文库,转录产物经PAGE纯化。75μg RNA文库经硝酸纤维素膜反筛去除与膜结合的RNA分子,然后与2ug NASG蛋白,37℃孵育30min,反应液经硝酸纤维素膜滤过,洗涤滤膜;然后将滤膜剪碎,置于洗脱缓冲液(6mol/L尿素,0.55mol/L醋酸铵,l.5mmol/L EDTA,0.15%SDS)中煮沸5min,离心,取上清,无水乙醇沉淀RNA,并重新溶解于20μ1DEPC水中;以RNA为模板RT-PCR扩增双链DNA,体外转录出RNA文库用于下一轮筛选;每轮筛选过程中RT-PCR得到双链DNA文库,以该双链DNA为模板体外转录出RNA适配子库,筛选共进行10轮。得到了15个适配子,其序列分别为SEQ ID NO:1-15所示。具体序列如下所示:
NASG-1:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAATATTCAAGATTTCTATAACACATTCAGATTCCAACATTAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:1)
NASG-2:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGATCGCAACTCCATCACGCATCCCTACTCTTATAGATCACCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:2)
NASG-3:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCTCGAACGCACATTACATACATCTTAGTAATTATCTTTAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:3)
NASG-4:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTTTCTTTCACATATTCGCAATACAACAAACCTCTGCCACAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:4)
NASG-5:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCATTATATTCTTATCCACGCCTCTATCTACACTCAAAGAAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:5)
NASG-6:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAATCCTTACGCTCGCTCATTAATCACCACCTATAAATTCCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:6)
NASG-7:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCAAACAACTCAAGATAATCACTATTACAGAACAACAACTAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:7)
NASG-8:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGATATAGATCATACAAATATATTATTCCGCCTACAATTCCAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:8)
NASG-9:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTATCTTAATCAACGCATTACAAGACCTATAATTAACATACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:9)
NASG-10:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTTACTCATCGCCTCTCCACCTACCGCCTATACTCTACTACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:10)
NASG-11:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCAATTTTCACTATTAACACCAATAATTAAGATAACGAACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:11)
NASG-12:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAGACTCTATACATATATTCACTCTCCTTAATCAACAATTCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:12)
NASG-13:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTATCTATAGACACTCTCAATTCCAGAATTAACCTCGCCTCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:13)
NASG-14:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCACTTAATAATATTTCTCTTACGCTAATATATCCAACCCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:14)
NASG-15:
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCTATATACACTATCACATTCCAGAATTAACCTCACCTCACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT(SEQ ID NO:15)
实施例3蛋白结合适配子的性能测定
将适配子分别取2.0μg,用牛小肠碱性磷酸酶(CIP)37℃消化lh,纯化回收去磷酸化的RNA;通过T4多核苷酸激酶标记[γ-32P]ATP于去磷酸化的RNA分子末端。10nmol放射性标记的适配子分别与不同浓度(1-200nM)的NASG37℃孵育30min,各组反应液经硝酸纤维素膜滤过,洗涤滤膜,干燥滤膜,液闪计数仪测定滤膜上残留的放射量,同一样品平行做两次测定。计算各个适配子与leptin的解离常数。结果如下:
名称 解离常数Kd(单位nM)
NASG-1 13.5
NASG-2 13.9
NASG-3 13.8
NASG-4 13.0
NASG-5 13.5
NASG-6 14.1
NASG-7 13.8
NASG-8 13.7
NASG-9 13.7
NASG-10 14.0
NASG-11 13.9
NASG-12 13.8
NASG-13 13.4
NASG-14 13.5
NASG-15 13.5
PBS空白对照 无结合能力
实施例4所述适配子特异性分析以及稳定性分析
分别采用人血白蛋白,免疫血清球蛋白,霍乱弧菌VgrG3C蛋白,大肠杆菌外膜蛋白A,COCH蛋白,NASG蛋白,与15条适配子进行特异性检测,经过结合试验发现,这些适配子都不与这些蛋白相结合,而只与NASG蛋白结合保持较高的特异性。
将所述的适配子,取0.2ug,分别置于常温的血清、水溶液中,放置三周。通过RT-PCR检测,发现三周的放置其结构稳定,没有被降解。
实施例5所述适配子疾病的诊断
取10个患者和2个正常人的鼻咽分泌物。生理盐水冲洗鼻腔,用细棉签在鼻视镜下插到鼻咽部,放置5-8分钟,取出棉签,将棉球放入底部空心,外套有离心收集管的小离心管中,在4摄氏度下7500g离心获取分泌物,使用生理盐水稀释,获得目标样本。
将15个适配子分别与10个患者以及2个正常人的分泌物混合30min,通过生物素分离,定量分析其中的NASG蛋白的含量,通过分析发现,10个鼻咽癌患者中NASG蛋白的含量显著增加3倍以上。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
〈110〉张玲
〈120〉一种用于检测鼻咽癌的试剂盒及其检测方法
〈160〉15
〈210〉1
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-1
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAATATTCAAGATTTCTATAACACATTCAGATTCCAACATTAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉2
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-2
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGATCGCAACTCCATCACGCATCCCTACTCTTATAGATCACCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉3
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-3
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCTCGAACGCACATTACATACATCTTAGTAATTATCTTTAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉4
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-4
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTTTCTTTCACATATTCGCAATACAACAAACCTCTGCCACAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉5
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-5
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCATTATATTCTTATCCACGCCTCTATCTACACTCAAAGAAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉6
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-6
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAATCCTTACGCTCGCTCATTAATCACCACCTATAAATTCCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉7
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-7
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCAAACAACTCAAGATAATCACTATTACAGAACAACAACTAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉8
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-8
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGATATAGATCATACAAATATATTATTCCGCCTACAATTCCAAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉9
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-9
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTATCTTAATCAACGCATTACAAGACCTATAATTAACATACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉10
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-10
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTTACTCATCGCCTCTCCACCTACCGCCTATACTCTACTACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉11
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-11
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCAATTTTCACTATTAACACCAATAATTAAGATAACGAACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉12
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-12
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGAGACTCTATACATATATTCACTCTCCTTAATCAACAATTCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉13
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-13
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGTATCTATAGACACTCTCAATTCCAGAATTAACCTCGCCTCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉14
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-14
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCCACTTAATAATATTTCTCTTACGCTAATATATCCAACCCAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT
〈210〉15
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NASG-15
TAGCATGCAATGCCAGTATAGCTATATACACTATCACATTCCAGAATTAACCTCACCTCACAACGTGCATGAACTATGAGT

Claims (3)

1.一种用于鼻咽癌检测的试剂盒,其含有特异结合NASG蛋白的核酸适体。
2.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于:所述核酸适体序列为SEQ ID No:11所述。
3.一种检测鼻咽癌的方法,其特征在于利用权利要求1-2任一项所述的试剂盒。
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