CN106281502A - 一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂 - Google Patents

一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂 Download PDF

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CN106281502A
CN106281502A CN201610820548.XA CN201610820548A CN106281502A CN 106281502 A CN106281502 A CN 106281502A CN 201610820548 A CN201610820548 A CN 201610820548A CN 106281502 A CN106281502 A CN 106281502A
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diesel fuel
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孔祥兴
陈宇东
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Jiangsu top environmental protection technology Co., Ltd.
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孔祥兴
陈宇东
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Abstract

本发明属于石油化工领域，包括以下重量份的原料：二茂铁25~45份、有机蜡10~35份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.05~0.3份、碳酸二甲酯0.1~0.4份、十六烷值改进剂0.1~0.3份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5~1份、抗磨剂0.1~0.2份、降凝剂0.1~2份、催化裂化剂1~2.5份、活化剂0.5~2份和消泡剂0.1~0.3份。不仅可有效改善柴油品质，提高节油效率，还可有效减少尾气排放污染，具有良好的经济效益。

Description

一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂
技术领域
本发明属于石油化工领域，具体涉及一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂。
背景技术
柴油作为一种重要的燃料，为大型设备的主要动力燃料之一。与汽油相比，柴油中的烃类含碳量高，不易燃烧完全，往往造成较为严重的积碳现象，排出的黑烟不仅对环境造成污染也会使得柴油利用率较低，造成成本的提高。为解决这一问题，目前市面上出现了种类繁多的柴油添加剂，但使用效果并不够突出，实际节油率不高，十六烷值还是较低，易造成发动机生锈、积碳，降低发动机的正常运行，柴油的燃烧不充分， 同样会造成环境污染等问题。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其可有效改善柴油品质，提高节油效率，有效减少尾气排放污染。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明包括以下重量份的原料：二茂铁25~45份、有机蜡10~35份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.05~0.3份、碳酸二甲酯0.1~0.4份、十六烷值改进剂0.1~0.3份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5~1份、抗磨剂0.1~0.2份、降凝剂0.1~2份、催化裂化剂1~2.5份、活化剂0.5~2份和消泡剂0.1~0.3份。
进一步的，本发明包含以下重量份的原料：二茂铁30~40份、有机蜡15~30份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.1~0.2份、碳酸二甲酯0.2~0.3份、十六烷值改进剂0.15~0.2份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5~0.8份、抗磨剂0.1~0.15份、降凝剂0.1~1.5份、催化裂化剂1.5~2.5份、活化剂0.5~1.5份和消泡剂0.1~0.3份。
进一步的，本发明包含以下重量份的原料：二茂铁35份、有机蜡20份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.15份、碳酸二甲酯0.25份、十六烷值改进剂0.17份、抗氧化稳定剂0.6份、抗磨剂0.13份、降凝剂0.12份、催化裂化剂2份、活化剂1份和消泡剂0.2份。
进一步的，所述十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯。
进一步的，所述催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝。
进一步的，所述活化剂为磷酸乙二胺、磷酸丙二胺和二甲苯中的一种。
进一步的，所述消泡剂为乳化硅油、高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚、聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
其中，抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司 生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂，十六烷值改进剂选用西安万德能源化学股份有限公司生产的硝酸2-乙基己酯，CAS NO.：27247-96-7。
本发明的有益效果：本发明所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂组配合理、科学，有效改善柴油品质，提高柴油十六烷值，提高燃烧性，随燃料一同完全燃烧而不产生沉淀或残渣，节油效果明显，节油率达3.26%。对燃料其他性质无不良影响及副作用，性质稳定，在空气中不分解，沸点较高，不易蒸发损失。无毒性，对环境污染降低，全负荷烟度平均净化率提高达13.559%，同时可降低一氧化碳（CO）、碳氢化合物（CH）和固体颗粒物等。有利于降低车辆运行成本，具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1：
称取以下重量份的原料：二茂铁25份、有机蜡10份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.05份、碳酸二甲酯0.1份、十六烷值改进剂0.1份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5份、抗磨剂0.1份、降凝剂0.1份、催化裂化剂1份、活化剂0.5份和消泡剂0.1份。混匀，造粒，即得本发明的柴油添加剂。其中，十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯，催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝，活化剂为磷酸乙二胺，消泡剂为乳化硅油。抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司 生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂。
实施例2：
称取以下重量份的原料：二茂铁30份、有机蜡15份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.1份、碳酸二甲酯0.2份、十六烷值改进剂0.15份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5份、抗磨剂0.1份、降凝剂0.1份、催化裂化剂1.5份、活化剂0.5份和消泡剂0.1份。混匀，造粒，即得本发明的柴油添加剂。其中，十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯，催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝，活化剂为磷酸丙二胺，消泡剂为高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物。抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂。
实施例3：
称取以下重量份的原料：二茂铁35份、有机蜡20份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.15份、碳酸二甲酯0.25份、十六烷值改进剂0.17份、抗氧化稳定剂0.6份、抗磨剂0.13份、降凝剂0.12份、催化裂化剂2份、活化剂1份和消泡剂0.2份。混匀，造粒，即得本发明的柴油添加剂。其中，十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯，催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝，活化剂为二甲苯，消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚。抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司 生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂。
实施例4：
称取以下重量份的原料：二茂铁45份、有机蜡35份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.3份、碳酸二甲酯0.4份、十六烷值改进剂0.3份、抗氧化稳定剂1份、抗磨剂0.2份、降凝剂2份、催化裂化剂2.5份、活化剂2份和消泡剂0.3份。混匀，造粒，即得本发明的柴油添加剂。其中，十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯，催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝，活化剂为磷酸乙二胺，消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚。抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂。
实施例5：
称取以下重量份的原料：二茂铁40份、有机蜡30份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.2份、碳酸二甲酯0.3份、十六烷值改进剂0.2份、抗氧化稳定剂0.8份、抗磨剂0.15份、降凝剂1.5份、催化裂化剂2.5份、活化剂1.5份和消泡剂0.3份。混匀，造粒，即得本发明的柴油添加剂。其中，十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯，催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝，活化剂为磷酸丙二胺，消泡剂为聚氧丙烯甘油醚。抗氧化稳定剂选用HMD-柴油稳定剂，抗磨剂选用上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司生产的型号为WPCY-324的抗磨剂，降凝剂选用山东安泉化工科技有限公司 生产的型号为WD12-101的降凝剂。
为了表明本发明的效果，以未加入添加剂的0#柴油作为对照，依据GB/T 14951-2007《汽车节油技术评定方法》和GB/T 25348-2010《汽车节油产品使用技术条件》，由国家汽车质量监督检验中心对本发明柴油添加剂性能进行评估实验。
1.理化性能检验
检验样品配制：取本发明实施例1-5中添加剂各1克，分别冲入20升0#柴油，调配均匀，即得五组检验样品。
结果表明，本发明加入本发明添加剂的五组检验样品均不分层、不浑浊、无沉淀，且对铜片腐蚀性较低，完全符合标准。
2.道路实验
检验样品配制：取本发明实施例1至5中添加剂各3克，冲入60升0#柴油，调配均匀，即得检验样品1至5。
实验条件1：将配制好的检验样品加入ISF 3.8S3168型柴油机，预运行5小时后进行对比检验。
实验结果：发动机以相当于车速为30km/h、45 km/h、60km/h、75 km/h和90 km/h的转速运转时，相比于对照样品，检验样品全负荷烟度平均净化率提高8.5%。
表1 全负荷烟度对比检验结果（单位:m-1)
转速r/m 1000 1400 1800 2200 2600 平均值 净化率（%）
对照样品 0.190 0.007 0.021 0.034 0.042 0.059 ——
检验样品1 0.172 0.006 0.019 0.032 0.039 0.054 8.475
检验样品2 0.170 0.007 0.018 0.032 0.039 0.053 10.169
检验样品3 0.167 0.005 0.017 0.027 0.037 0.051 13.559
检验样品4 0.169 0.006 0.018 0.030 0.036 0.052 11.864
检验样品5 0.175 0.005 0.020 0.029 0.035 0.053 10.169
注：净化率（%）=[（检验样品值-对照样品值）/对照样品值] ×100%
实验条件2：将配制好的检验样品1至5分别加入测试车辆解放牌CA1168PK2L2EA80型载货汽车，预运行100km后进行对比检验。
实验结果：试车辆用Ⅷ档以30km/h、45 km/h、60km/h、75 km/h和90 km/h的速度等速行驶时节油率分别为+3.26%、+3.32%、+2.00%、+2.37%、+1.28%。
表2 汽车等速燃料消耗量检验数据
标称车速（km/h） 30 45 60 75 90
油耗（对照样品） 6.56 7.65 9.00 11.54 13.99
油耗（检验样品1） 6.40 7.52 8.91 11.37 13.85
检验样品1节油率（%） +2.44 +1.67 +1.00 +1.47 +1.00
油耗（检验样品2） 6.38 7.48 8.79 11.41 13.91
检验样品2节油率（%） +2.74 +2.22 +2.33 +1.13 +0.57
油耗（检验样品3） 6.35 7.40 8.82 11.27 13.81
检验样品3节油率（%） +3.26 +3.32 +2.00 +2.37 +1.28
油耗（检验样品4） 6.36 7.42 8.86 11.30 13.79
检验样品4节油率（%） +3.05 +3.01 +1.56 +2.08 +1.43
油耗（检验样品5） 6.41 7.50 8.83 11.35 13.83
检验样品5节油率（%） +2.29 +1.96 +1.89 +1.65 +1.14
注：节油率（%）=[（对照样品油耗值-检验样品油耗值）/ 对照样品油耗值] ×100%
（2）油耗、节油量单位：kg/100km。
表3 综合评价结果
运行模式 综合节油量（kg/100km） 综合节油率（%）
市区运行 +0.23 +3.05
城间模式 +0.22 +2.44
快速模式 +0.18 +1.28
3.用户使用报告
无锡客运有限公司使用本发明实施例3柴油添加剂后，发现柴油在-10度以内不凝固，在冬季零下10度以内车辆行驶一切正常，因而可在冬季用添加本发明柴油添加剂的0#柴油中来替代价格较高的-10#柴油，本发明柴油添加剂使用便捷且价格较低。以车辆苏B38930无锡来回徐州班线测算，该车平均每月行驶里程为29650公里，平均每月油耗量为7130升，节油率约为7.12%，该车能节省油耗费用3278元，投入成本1755元，该车每月的经济效益为1523元；0#柴油和-10#柴油差价是0.36元/升，该车每月节省差价的费用为2567元。该车的总经济效益为4090元，具有良好的经济效益。
由此可见，本发明可有效改善柴油品质，提高节油效率，有效减少尾气排放污染，具有良好的经济效益。

Claims (7)

1.一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于包含以下重量份的原料：二茂铁25~45份、有机蜡10~35份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.05~0.3份、碳酸二甲酯0.1~0.4份、十六烷值改进剂0.1~0.3份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5~1.0份、抗磨剂0.1~0.2份、降凝剂0.1~2.0份、催化裂化剂1~2.5份、活化剂0.5~2.0份和消泡剂0.1~0.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于包含以下重量份的原料：二茂铁30~40份、有机蜡15~30份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.1~0.2份、碳酸二甲酯0.2~0.3份、十六烷值改进剂0.15~0.2份、抗氧化稳定剂0.5~0.8份、抗磨剂0.1~0.15份、降凝剂0.1~1.5份、催化裂化剂1.5~2.5份、活化剂0.5~1.5份和消泡剂0.1~0.3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于包含以下重量份的原料：二茂铁35份、有机蜡20份、聚甲氧基二甲醚0.15份、碳酸二甲酯0.25份、十六烷值改进剂0.17份、抗氧化稳定剂0.6份、抗磨剂0.13份、降凝剂0.12份、催化裂化剂2.0份、活化剂1.0份和消泡剂0.2份。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于所述十六烷值改进剂为硝酸2-乙基己酯。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于所述催化裂化剂为无定型硅酸铝。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于所述活化剂为磷酸乙二胺、磷酸丙二胺和二甲苯中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种高效环保节能柴油添加剂，其特征在于所述消泡剂为乳化硅油、高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚、聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
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