CN106252743B - 废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺 - Google Patents

废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺 Download PDF

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CN106252743B
CN106252743B CN201610725484.5A CN201610725484A CN106252743B CN 106252743 B CN106252743 B CN 106252743B CN 201610725484 A CN201610725484 A CN 201610725484A CN 106252743 B CN106252743 B CN 106252743B
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吴国庆
朱保义
任永刚
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Anhui Huabo Renewable Resources Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06Lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M10/12Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

一种废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺,包括以下工艺步骤:(1)将通信废电池、电动车废电池通过破碎分选后,将板栅、铅零件与废旧铅膏、废旧塑料外壳分离;(2)电池接线铜极柱混杂在铅栅中,经干燥机干燥后进入低温熔铅锅熔炼;(3)熔铅锅内的铅液对铅栅和铅零件进行热传递,然后产生脱壳现象,铅液从铅栅和铅零件表面钝化层中脱离出来,钝化层形成铅渣;(4)铅渣和铜极柱浮在熔化的铅液上,通过45°倾角捞渣机将铅渣和铜极柱进行挤压后,再次脱除铅粒,铅浮渣带着铜极柱转入一分离设备,实现渣与铜极柱的完全分离。

Description

废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及再生铅技术领域,具体涉及一种废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺。
背景技术
尽管当今各种电池新技术在不断发展,拥有150多年发展历史的铅酸电池依然凭借其优良的性价比、稳定的电化学性能、成熟的生产工艺及其废旧产品较高的回收利用等优点在二次电池市场中占据首位。年产量的持续增长既代表铅酸电池对人类的重要性,也意味着每年有大量的铅消耗于铅酸蓄电池产品上。
铅酸蓄电池作为全世界主要的消费产品,同时也成为最主要的铅再生资源。中国再生铅的主要原料有80%以上来自废旧铅酸蓄电池。铅作为一种高毒性的重金属,从环保的角度看,对废旧铅酸蓄电池中铅的回收再利用具有重要意义。
废旧铅蓄电池通过CX-预处理破碎分选后,铅栅、铅零件与铅膏、塑料外壳分离,比重较大的电池接线铜极柱也混杂在铅栅中,由于这类铅料量比较大,人工检出铜极柱不太现实,大都直接投炉造铅冰铜及在精炼过程采用除铜剂进行去除,工艺复杂,成本较高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种方法简单,经济效益好的铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现:
一种废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将通信废电池、电动车废电池通过破碎分选后,将板栅、铅零件等高含锡合金与废旧铅膏、废旧塑料外壳分离;
(2)电池接线铜极柱混杂在铅栅中,经干燥机干燥后进入低温(400-450℃)熔铅锅熔炼;低温熔炼不会带来尾气的污染,能耗也比较低;
(3)熔铅锅内的铅液对铅栅和铅零件进行热传递,然后产生脱壳现象,铅液从铅栅和铅零件表面钝化层中脱离出来,钝化层形成铅渣;
(4)铅渣和铜极柱浮在熔化的铅液上,通过45度倾角螺旋捞渣机将铅渣和铜极柱输送至“固固分离设备”内,利用输送过程铅液的重力及螺旋的挤压力脱除铅渣内铅液,随后将铅浮渣带着铜极柱转入一分离设备,实现渣与铜极柱的完全分离。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明方法简单易行,经济效益好,对铅栅处理能力大、成本低,铜极柱回收率维持在100%,高清洁、低能耗,属于绿色高效回收项目,有利于对废旧蓄电池再生资源的无害化综合利用和绿色回收。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将通信废电池、电动车废电池通过破碎分选后,将板栅、铅零件等高含锡合金与废旧铅膏、废旧塑料外壳分离;
(2)电池接线铜极柱混杂在铅栅中,经干燥机干燥后进入低温(400℃)熔铅锅熔炼;低温熔炼不会带来尾气的污染,能耗也比较低;
(3)熔铅锅内的铅液对铅栅和铅零件进行热传递,然后产生脱壳现象,铅液从铅栅和铅零件表面钝化层中脱离出来,钝化层形成铅渣;
(4)铅渣和铜极柱浮在熔化的铅液上,通过捞渣机将铅渣和铜极柱进行挤压后,再次脱除铅粒,铅浮渣带着铜极柱转入一分离设备(该分离设备的专利号为CN201620232685.7),实现渣与铜极柱的完全分离。
实施例2
一种废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将通信废电池、电动车废电池通过破碎分选后,将板栅、铅零件等高含锡合金与废旧铅膏、废旧塑料外壳分离;
(2)电池接线铜极柱混杂在铅栅中,经干燥机干燥后进入低温(450℃)熔铅锅熔炼;低温熔炼不会带来尾气的污染,能耗也比较低;
(3)熔铅锅内的铅液对铅栅和铅零件进行热传递,然后产生脱壳现象,铅液从铅栅和铅零件表面钝化层中脱离出来,钝化层形成铅渣;
(4)铅渣和铜极柱浮在熔化的铅液上,通过捞渣机将铅渣和铜极柱进行挤压后,再次脱除铅粒,铅浮渣带着铜极柱转入一分离设备,实现渣与铜极柱的完全分离。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (1)

1.一种废铅酸蓄电池铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收方法,其特征在于,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将通信废电池、电动车废电池通过破碎分选后,将铅栅、废旧铅膏、废旧塑料外壳分离;
(2)电池接线铜极柱混杂在铅栅中,经干燥机干燥后进入低温熔铅锅熔炼;
(3)低温熔铅锅内的铅液对铅栅进行热传递,然后产生脱壳现象,铅液从铅栅表面钝化层中脱离出来,钝化层形成铅渣;
(4)铅渣和铜极柱浮在熔化的铅液上,通过45度倾角螺旋捞渣机将铅渣和铜极柱输送至分离设备内,利用输送过程铅液的重力及螺旋的挤压力脱除铅渣内铅液,随后将铅渣带着铜极柱转入一分离设备,实现铅渣与铜极柱的完全分离;
上述熔炼的温度为400℃-450℃;
上述铅栅经干燥机干燥后含水低于2%。
CN201610725484.5A 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 废铅酸蓄电池铅零件、铅栅低温脱渣和铜极柱分离回收工艺 Expired - Fee Related CN106252743B (zh)

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CN107142380B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2018-10-26 安徽省华鑫铅业集团有限公司 再生铅低温连续熔炼工艺
CN108787695A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-11-13 安徽华铂再生资源科技有限公司 一种分离破碎后铅酸蓄电池内铅板栅与塑料的方法
CN108342581B (zh) * 2018-04-28 2023-07-18 江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司 一种废铅酸蓄电池回收中废铅栅网的分离熔化系统及方法
CN108649290B (zh) * 2018-04-28 2019-07-09 江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司 一种过滤池水分离铅灰中铜件端子的分离装置及方法
CN110699548A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2020-01-17 安徽华铂再生资源科技有限公司 一种铅栅熔炼加工工艺
CN113174489A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-07-27 天津市洪瑞昌泰节能科技股份有限公司 一种铅栅低温熔铸工艺

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