CN106244977A - Plasma evaporation deposits a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plasma evaporation deposits a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses plasma evaporation and deposit the preparation method of a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, belong to heat barrier coat material and preparation field thereof.The ceramic layer of quasi-column structure of the present invention is by solid phase, liquid phase, gas phase co-deposition, the column structure coating of polycrystalline；The ceramic layer material of described quasi-column structure can be yittrium oxide PSZ (YSZ), group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerate.The ceramic layer that described thermal barrier coating is included in the tack coat prepared on matrix, has quasi-column structure；Ceramic layer is YSZ coating or the YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate coating of bilayer of monolayer.The ceramic layer of above-mentioned quasi-column structure can use the method for plasma evaporation deposition (Plasma Evaporated Deposition) to be prepared.The sedimentation rate of the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure prepared by the present invention is high, and coating structure is stable, composition is uniform, has good heat-proof quality and thermal shock resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Thermal Barrier Coating Technologies field, relate to the preparation side of a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer
Method, more specifically refer to plasma evaporation deposition technique quickly prepare a kind of high heat insulation, thermal shock resistance good, bond strength is high,
There is the heat-barrier coating ceramic layer of the quasi-column structure of polycrystalline.
Background technology
Thermal barrier coating (Thermal Barrier Coatings), is called for short TBCs, is the resistance to height utilizing ceramic material superior
Warm, anticorrosive and high heat-proof quality, is combined pottery with metallic matrix mutually with coating form, improves the work of metal fever end pieces
Temperature, strengthens the oxidation-resistance property of hot-end component, extends the service life of hot-end component, improves the one of engine efficiency
Surface protection technique.Current application is the most extensive, and the heat-barrier coating ceramic layer material that combination property is the most excellent is that yittrium oxide part is steady
Fixed zirconium oxide (YSZ, ZrO2+ 6～8wt.%Y2O3).And the Novel hot barrier coating including group of the lanthanides zirconates and cerate
Ceramic layer material is increasingly paid close attention to by people with its lower thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability.
At present, the method preparing thermal barrier coating mainly has plasma spraying (Plasma Spray) and electron beam physical vapor
Deposition technique (Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition, EB-PVD).The advantage of plasma spraying technology
It is that spray efficiency is high, good heat-insulation effect.But, owing to coating is the most laminar structured, and and matrix between combination
For mechanical bond, thus the strain tolerance limit of coating is relatively low, and heat resistanceheat resistant circulation ability is poor, and service life is relatively low.And electro beam physics
Coating structure prepared by gas phase deposition technology is the columnar crystal structure formed after pure gas phase atomic deposition, exists between post and post
Gap can discharge thermal stress, efficiently solves the plasma spraying coating strain low problem of tolerance limit, compared with APS coating by
Thermal cycle life improves nearly 8 times, but the production cost of electro beam physics vapour deposition technology is high, and deposition efficiency is the lowest.
Plasma evaporation deposition technique (Plasma Evaporated Deposition) is to prepare in above two coating
A kind of novel thermal barrier coating technology of preparing technically grown up, the advantage having PS and EB-PVD technology concurrently.Plasma steams
Sending out the output of depositing system up to 180kw, work gas pressure energy drops to 1mbar, and plasma jet can elongate and arrive 2m, penetrates
Flow diameter can increase to 200～400mm.Dusty spray be admitted to flame stream posterior part fusing and gasification, can prepare solid phase,
The polycrystalline quasi-column structure coating that liquid phase, gas phase are co-deposited.Research finds, plasma evaporation deposition technique prepares quasi-column knot
The deposition efficiency of structure coating is the highest, cost is relatively low, has the most heat insulation and thermal shock resistance.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ceramic layer with the quasi-column structure of polycrystalline, and ceramic layer can be monolayer
The YSZ coating of quasi-column structure, or the double-deck YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate with quasi-column structure is coated with
Layer.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of thermal barrier coating, is included on high temperature alloy matrix the metal prepared
Tack coat, the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure.Ceramic layer can be the YSZ coating of the quasi-column structure of monolayer, or has simultaneously
There is the double-deck YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate coating of quasi-column structure.Described bonding layer material is divided into three kinds: the first is
NiAlX (X select Dy, Hf or Zr etc.), its component includes the Ni of 40～60mol%, the Al of 38～60mol%, 0.05～
The X (X selects Dy, Hf or Zr etc.) of 1.5mol%；The second is NiAlPt, and its component includes the Ni of 40～60mol%, 34～
The Al of 46mol%, the Pt of 4～20mol%；The third is NiCoCrAlY, and its component includes the Ni of 40～60wt.%, 15～
The Co of 25wt.%, the Cr of 16～27wt.%, the Al of 5～10wt.%, the Y of 0.05～2wt.%.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide plasma evaporation and deposits the system of a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer
Preparation Method, comprises the following steps:
The first step, high temperature alloy matrix pretreatment.
Prepare high temperature alloy matrix, respectively through surface of polishing on 120#, 400#, 600#, 800# sand paper, put in acetone
Carry out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 5min, then carry out sandblasting pretreatment and increase high temperature alloy matrix surface roughness (Ra < 1), standby.
Second step, high temperature alloy matrix prepares tack coat.
Use vacuum plasma spray coating method to prepare NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating, use electro beam physics vapour deposition
Method prepares NiAlX (X selects Dy, Hf or Zr etc.) metal bonding coating, or uses the method for plating and pack cementation to prepare
NiAlPt metal bonding coating.
Take out high temperature alloy matrix after metal bonding coating preparation and it carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000～
1100 DEG C, the time is 3～5h, vacuum 7～9 × 10-5Mbar, takes out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace；
3rd step, prepares the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure on metal bonding coating, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) being loaded in fixture by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat, the automatic workpiece being fixed in vacuum chamber turns
On dynamic platform；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas argon (Ar) arrive 130mbar；
(4) set spraying current 1700A～2000A, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, be evacuated to 1.5～
2mbar, progressively adjusts gas flow to designated gas flow, Ar25～35slpm, He50～70slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix surface is 600～700mm, utilizes plasma jet to heat
High temperature alloy matrix, to 800～900 DEG C, is persistently incubated, and is monitored high temperature alloy substrate temperature with infrared probe.
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder A, adjust powder feeding rate 2～4g/min, spray
Being coated with power 50kw～60kw, the i.e. powder feeding angle of angle of powder feeding mouth and horizontal plane is 60 °～80 °, powder feeding carrier gas (Ar) speed 8～
13L/min, spray distance is 900～1100mm, and sedimentation time is 10min～20min, and prepared thickness is 50 μm～100 μm
YSZ ceramic layer；
If preparation has the double-deck YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate coating of quasi-column structure, then continue deposition and there is standard
The group of the lanthanides zirconates of column structure or group of the lanthanides cerate coating, by the group of the lanthanides cerate in powder feeder B or the group of the lanthanides in powder feeder C
Zirconates dusty spray is heated to 60 DEG C, opens corresponding powder feeder B or powder feeder C, regulates powder feeding rate 2～4g/min, powder feeding mouth
Be 60 °～80 ° with the i.e. powder feeding angle of angle of horizontal plane, powder feeding carrier gas (Ar) speed 8～13L/min, spray power 60kw～
75kw, sedimentation time is 10min～20min, and spray distance is 900～1100mm, obtains the quasi-post that thickness is 50 μm～100 μm
The group of the lanthanides zirconates of shape structure or group of the lanthanides cerate ceramic layer；
(7) progressively reduce plasma gas flow, spraying current, more progressively reduce vacuum, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar
To gas pressure in vacuum more than 70mbar after, arc extinguishing, until vacuum chamber cool down after, venting, open vacuum chamber and take out high-temperature alloy base
Body.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1. the preparation method using the present invention to provide can obtain the heat-barrier coating ceramic layer with the quasi-column structure of polycrystalline.
2. it is high that the preparation method using the present invention to provide prepares heat-barrier coating ceramic layer deposition efficiency, even tissue.
3. the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure ceramic layer has good heat-proof quality.
4. the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure ceramic layer has good thermal shock resistance.
5. there is the bond strength between the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure and metal bonding coating higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure ceramic layer prepared by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is electron backscattered the spreading out with quasi-column structure YSZ ceramic layer prepared with plasma evaporation depositing system
Penetrate image；
The crystal grain orientation maps of the polycrystalline quasi-column structure YSZ ceramic layer that Fig. 3 is corresponding with Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is cutting of the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure YSZ ceramic layer prepared with plasma evaporation depositing system
Face SEM pattern；
Fig. 5 is the La with quasi-column structure prepared by the present invention2Ce2O7The section SEM pattern of ceramic layer.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides plasma evaporation and deposit the preparation method of a kind of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, including
The following step:
The first step, high temperature alloy matrix pretreatment.
Prepare high temperature alloy matrix, respectively through surface of polishing on 120#, 400#, 600#, 800# sand paper, put in acetone
Carry out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 5min, then carry out sandblasting pretreatment and increase high temperature alloy matrix surface roughness (Ra < 1), standby.
Second step, high temperature alloy matrix prepares tack coat.
Use vacuum plasma spray coating method to prepare NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating, use electro beam physics vapour deposition
Method prepares NiAlX (X selects Dy, Hf or Zr etc.) metal bonding coating, or uses the method for plating and pack cementation to prepare
NiAlPt metal bonding coating.
(A) vacuum plasma spray coating method is used to prepare NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating；
Pretreated for first step high temperature alloy matrix is arranged on the automatic workpiece motion s platform of vacuum chamber, adjusts main
Technological parameter: spray power is 50～55kw, spraying current is 1400～1550A, powder feeding rate 15～20g/min, spray distance
550～600mm, primary air amount Ar gas 30～35slpm, He gas 55～60slpm, vacuum 70～75mbar.Deposition 2～
3min, obtains the tack coat of thickness 80～150 μm.
(B) electro beam physics vapour deposition method is used to prepare NiAlX (X selects Dy, Hf or Zr etc.) metal bonding coating；
The method preparation target heat treatment using electric arc melting is placed in crucible, is evacuated to 3 × 10-3Pa；By first
Walking pretreated metallic matrix and be preheated to 850～900 DEG C, regulation electron-beam voltage is 18～20kV, and electron beam current is 1.3
～1.5A, the high temperature alloy matrix speed of rotation is 10～15r/min, and the climbing speed of target is 0.3mm/min, and sedimentation time is
40～50min, obtain the tack coat of thickness 80～100 μm.
(C) method of plating and pack cementation is used to prepare NiAlPt metal bonding coating；
The electroplate liquid of configuration Pt, is selected to be divided into: nitrous acid diamino platinum (Pt (NH3)2(NO2)2) content 17g/L, ammonium nitrate
(NH4NO3) content 100g/L, sodium nitrite (NaNO2) content 10g/L, ammonia (NH3·H2O) content 50g/L.Heating plating bath temperature
High temperature alloy matrix, to 80 DEG C, is put in Pt electroplate liquid by degree, and arranging electric current is 0.8-1mA/mm2, electroplating time be 55～
60min, the thickness of the plating Pt layer prepared is 4～5 μm.
Utilizing pack cementation method aluminising, the technological parameter of pack cementation is: holding temperature 950～1000 DEG C, temperature retention time 90
～100min, finally prepare the NiAlPt tack coat of thickness 60～65 μm.
Take out high temperature alloy matrix after metal bonding coating preparation and it carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000～
1100 DEG C, the time is 3～5h, vacuum 7～9 × 10-5Mbar, takes out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace；
3rd step, prepares the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure on metal bonding coating, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) being loaded in fixture by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat, the automatic workpiece being fixed in vacuum chamber turns
On dynamic platform；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas argon (Ar) arrive 130mbar；
(4) set spraying current 1700A～2000A, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, be evacuated to 1.5～
2mbar, progressively adjusts gas flow to designated gas flow, Ar25～35slpm, He50～70slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix surface is 600～700mm, utilizes plasma jet to heat
High temperature alloy matrix, to 800～900 DEG C, is persistently incubated, and is monitored high temperature alloy substrate temperature with infrared probe.
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder A, adjust powder feeding rate 2～4g/min, spray
Be coated with power 50kw～60kw, the i.e. powder feeding angle of angle 60 °～80 ° of powder feeding mouth and horizontal plane, powder feeding carrier gas (Ar) speed 8～
13L/min, spray distance is 900～1100mm, and sedimentation time is 10min～20min, and prepared thickness is 50 μm～100 μm
YSZ ceramic layer；
If preparation has the double-deck YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate coating of quasi-column structure, then continue deposition and there is standard
The group of the lanthanides zirconates of column structure or group of the lanthanides cerate coating, by the group of the lanthanides cerate in powder feeder B or the group of the lanthanides in powder feeder C
Zirconates dusty spray is heated to 60 DEG C, opens corresponding powder feeder B or powder feeder C, regulates powder feeding rate 2～4g/min, powder feeding mouth
With the i.e. powder feeding angle of angle 60 °～80 ° of horizontal plane, powder feeding carrier gas (Ar) speed 8～13L/min, spray power 60kw～
75kw, sedimentation time is 10min～20min, and spray distance is 900～1100mm, obtains the quasi-post that thickness is 50 μm～100 μm
The group of the lanthanides zirconates of shape structure or group of the lanthanides cerate ceramic layer；
(7) progressively reduce plasma gas flow, spraying current, more progressively reduce vacuum, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar
To gas pressure in vacuum more than 70mbar after, arc extinguishing, until vacuum chamber cool down after, venting, open vacuum chamber and take out high-temperature alloy base
Body.
With case study on implementation, invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1: steam at high temperature alloy matrix surface vacuum plasma spray coating NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating+plasma
Send out deposition and there is the ceramic layer YSZ of quasi-column structure, specifically comprise the following steps that
The first step, prepare former of high temperature alloy matrix, a size of Φ 25 × 4mm, respectively through 120#, 400#, 600#,
On 800# sand paper, polishing surface, puts into and carries out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 5min in acetone, then carries out sandblasting pretreatment and increases high temperature conjunction
Gold Substrate Surface Roughness (Ra < 1), standby；
Second step, prepares NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating on high temperature alloy matrix.
Vacuum plasma spray coating method is used to prepare NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating, by pretreated for first step high temperature
Alloy substrate is arranged on the automatic workpiece motion s platform of vacuum chamber, adjusts main technologic parameters: spray power is 55kw, spraying electricity
Stream is 1550A, powder feeding rate 20g/min, spray distance 600mm, primary air amount Ar gas 35slpm, He gas 60slpm, vacuum
75mbar.Deposition 2min30s, obtains thickness and is about the tack coat of 100 μm.
Put at Vacuum Heat after the high temperature alloy matrix of the NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating prepared is taken out from equipment
In reason stove, arranging heat treatment temperature is 1050 DEG C, temperature retention time 4h, vacuum 9 × 10-5Mbar, is diffused processing, improves and be coated with
Layer and the adhesion of high temperature alloy matrix, take out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
3rd step, prepares the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure on metal bonding coating, specific as follows:
(1) being loaded in fixture by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat, the automatic workpiece being fixed in vacuum chamber turns
On dynamic platform；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas Ar to 130mbar；
(4) spraying current 1700A is set, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, it is evacuated to 1.5mbar, progressively adjusts
Gas flow is to designated gas flow, Ar30slpm, He60slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix is 700mm, utilizes plasma jet to heat high-temperature alloy base
Body to 800 DEG C, and with infrared probe, high temperature alloy substrate temperature is monitored；
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder A, adjust powder feeding rate 2g/min, powder feeding angle
Spend 60 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8L/min, spray power 50kw, spray distance is adjusted to 1000mm, starts to deposit YSZ ceramic layer,
The YSZ ceramic layer that thickness is 100 μm is obtained after 20min；
(7) progressively reduce plasma gas flow, spraying current, more progressively reduce vacuum, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar
To gas pressure in vacuum more than 70mbar after, arc extinguishing；After vacuum chamber cools down, venting, open vacuum chamber and take out high-temperature alloy base
Body.
The microstructure of high temperature alloy matrix prepared, coating layer thickness are tested.Found by scanning electron microscope,
Having prepared the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure YSZ ceramic layer, NiCoCrAlY adhesive layer thickness is about 100 μm, YSZ
Ceramic layer thickness is about 100 μm, illustrates that the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure can grow on NiCoCrAlY metal bonding coating, its
Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.Use the bond strength of electronic type material experiment-machine test ceramic layer and tack coat, YSZ/
It is 40 ± 5MPa that NiCoCrAlY is coated with the bond strength of interlayer, illustrates that being coated with interlayer has good adhesion.To high temperature alloy matrix
Carry out thermal shock test, at surface temperature 1300 DEG C, high temperature alloy substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, be incubated the heat punching of 5min, cooling 90s
Under the conditions of hitting, coating life reaches 4050 times, has absolutely proved that high temperature alloy matrix has good thermal shock resistance.Use every
Thermal effect test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cooling tolerance is 3m3During/h, YSZ/NiCoCrAlY coating adiabatic temperature is 161
± 5 DEG C, illustrate that coating has good effect of heat insulation.In spraying process, powder is formed after the heating of plasma beam
Solid, liquid, gas three-phase, solid phase particles repeatedly forming core, gas phase atom deposition on solid phase particles also grows into column structure, simultaneously
It is attended by the deposition of liquid phase, eventually forms the column structure tissue of polycrystalline, the most quasi-column structure coating.The electricity of described ceramic layer
Sub-back scattering diffraction image is as in figure 2 it is shown, show as the quasi-column structure of typical polycrystalline.Orientation maps such as Fig. 3 (a) of different crystal grain
Shown in, wherein RD is rolling direction, and TD is the horizontal direction of rolling.Fig. 3 (b) is the inverse pole figure in zirconium oxide [001] direction, different
The corresponding different crystal grain orientation of color, and in Fig. 3 (a), the color of each crystal grain is different.Therefore, the quasi-column structure of described polycrystalline is coated with
Layer does not has specific crystal grain to be orientated.Owing to plasma jet has high temperature, the feature of high speed, material powder can be heated to pole
High temperature, thus the coating structure that deposition obtains is stable, composition is more uniform；Meanwhile, quasi-column structure coating growth rates is relatively
Hurry up, sedimentation rate is the highest.In this embodiment, the cross section SEM pattern of the thermal barrier coating with quasi-column structure ceramic layer of preparation is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, ceramic layer presents typical quasi-columnar crystal structure.
Embodiment 2: steam at high temperature alloy matrix surface electro beam physics vapour deposition NiAlDy metal bonding coating+plasma
Send out deposition to there is the YSZ ceramic layer of quasi-column structure+plasma evaporation deposition there is the La of quasi-column structure2Ce2O7Ceramic layer,
Specifically comprise the following steps that
The first step, prepare former of high temperature alloy matrix, a size of Φ 25 × 4mm, respectively through 120#, 400#, 600#,
On 800# sand paper, polishing surface, puts into and carries out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 5min in acetone, then carries out sandblasting pretreatment and increases high temperature conjunction
Gold Substrate Surface Roughness (Ra < 1), standby；
Second step, prepares NiAlDy tack coat with electron beam physical gas-phase deposite method on high temperature alloy matrix, preparation
Step is as follows:
(1) high purity nickel (Ni content > 99.99wt.%) is used, rafifinal (Al content > 99.999wt.%) and purity
The dysprosium (Dy) of 99.7wt.%, according to being designed to distribution ratio, Al content be 50at.%, Dy content be 0.5at.%, surplus is Ni.
Polished in nickel block, aluminium block surface, remove the oxide-film on surface, then carry out ultrasonic waves for cleaning with anhydrous alcohol and acetone
10min, after drying, the method to the alloy use electric arc melting of preparation, prepare Φ 70mm × 100mm target；
(2) above-mentioned target is carried out in vacuum heat treatment furnace 1200 DEG C of homogenization heat treatment 24h；
(3) target is put in the crucible of electro beam physics vapour deposition equipment, be evacuated to 3 × 10-3Pa, closes high temperature
Auri body entirety is preheated to 900 DEG C, and regulation electron-beam voltage is 20kV, and electron beam current is 1.5A, and high temperature alloy matrix rotates
Speed is 15r/min, and the climbing speed of target is 0.3mm/min.Sedimentation time 50min, obtains the bonding that thickness is 100 μm
Layer；
(4) vacuum heat is put into after being taken out from equipment by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing NiAlDy metal bonding coating
In stove, being diffused heat treatment, temperature is 1100 DEG C, temperature retention time 3h, vacuum 7 × 10-5Mbar, the composition making tack coat is equal
Even, improve the adhesion of tack coat and high temperature alloy matrix simultaneously, take out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
3rd step, on NiAlDy metal bonding coating, preparation has the YSZ ceramic layer of quasi-column structure, specific as follows:
(1) being loaded in fixture by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat, the automatic workpiece being fixed in vacuum chamber turns
On dynamic platform；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas argon (Ar) arrive 130mbar；
(4) spraying current 1860A is set, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, it is evacuated to 2mbar, progressively adjusts gas
Body flow is to designated gas flow, Ar25slpm, He50slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix is 600mm, utilizes plasma jet to heat high-temperature alloy base
Body to 900 DEG C, and with infrared probe, high temperature alloy substrate temperature is monitored；
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder A, adjust powder feeding rate 4g/min, powder feeding angle
Spend 80 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 13L/min, spray power 55kw, spray distance is adjusted to 900mm, starts to deposit YSZ ceramic layer,
The YSZ ceramic layer of the quasi-column structure that thickness is 100 μm is obtained after 10min；
Will be equipped with La2Ce2O7The powder feeder B of powder is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder B, and powder feeding rate is 4g/min, send
Powder angle 80 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 13L/min, spray power 60kw, start to deposit La2Ce2O7Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is
10min, spray distance is 900mm, deposit thickness 60 μm.
(7) progressively reduce plasma gas flow, spraying current, more progressively reduce vacuum, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar
To gas pressure in vacuum more than 70mbar after, arc extinguishing；Exit after vacuum chamber cools down and take out high temperature alloy matrix.
The microstructure of high temperature alloy matrix, coating layer thickness, heat-proof quality and the thermal shock resistance prepared is carried out
Test.Found by scanning electron microscope, prepared YSZ and La with quasi-column structure2Ce2O7Ceramic layer.Fig. 5
La for the quasi-column structure of preparation2Ce2O7The section SEM pattern of ceramic layer.Owing to plasma torch energy is sufficiently high, spraying
Powder part is gasified, and is deposited on high temperature alloy matrix surface with liquid phase and solid phase with jet afterwards, forms quasi-column structure
Ceramic layer.Coating texture is stable, composition is uniform, and sedimentation rate is high.Use electronic type material experiment-machine test ceramic layer with
The bond strength of tack coat, test result is 40.9 ± 5MPa, illustrates that ceramic layer has higher adhesion with bonding interlayer.To height
Temperature alloy matrix carries out thermal shock test, at surface temperature 1300 DEG C, high temperature alloy substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, is incubated 5min, cold
But under the thermal shock conditions of 90s, coating life reaches 4100 times, has absolutely proved that high temperature alloy matrix has good anti-thermal shock
Performance.Using effect of heat insulation test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cooling tolerance is 3m3During/h, La2Ce2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation
Temperature is 200 ± 5 DEG C, illustrates that coating has good effect of heat insulation.
Embodiment 3: at the plating of high temperature alloy matrix surface and pack cementation legal system NiAlPt metal bonding coating+plasma evaporation
Deposition has the YSZ ceramic layer+plasma evaporation of quasi-columnar crystal structure and deposits the Gd with quasi-column structure2Zr2O7Ceramic layer,
Specifically comprise the following steps that
The first step, prepare former of high temperature alloy matrix, a size of Φ 25 × 4mm, respectively through 120#, 400#, 600#,
On 800# sand paper, polishing surface, puts into and carries out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 5min in acetone, then carries out sandblasting pretreatment and increases high temperature conjunction
Gold Substrate Surface Roughness (Ra < 1), standby；
Second step, uses the method for plating and pack cementation to prepare NiAlPt metal bonding coating on high temperature alloy matrix,
The preparation process of NiAlPt metal bonding coating is as follows:
(1) configure the electroplate liquid of Pt, be selected to be divided into: nitrous acid diamino platinum (Pt (NH3)2(NO2)2) content 17g/L, nitre
Acid ammonium (NH4NO3) content 100g/L, sodium nitrite (NaNO2) content 10g/L, ammonia (NH3·H2O) content 50g/L.Add hot dip
High temperature alloy matrix, to 80 DEG C, is put in Pt electroplate liquid by liquid temp, and arranging electric current is 1mA/mm2, electroplating time is 1h, preparation
The thickness of the plating Pt layer obtained is 5 μm.
(2) utilizing pack cementation method aluminising, the technological parameter of pack cementation is: holding temperature 1000 DEG C, temperature retention time
90min, finally prepares the NiAlPt tack coat of thickness 60 μm.The high temperature alloy of NiAlPt metal bonding coating that will prepare
Matrix is put in vacuum heat treatment furnace after taking out from equipment, and arranging heat treatment temperature is 1000 DEG C, temperature retention time 5h, vacuum
9×10-5Mbar, is diffused processing, improves the adhesion of coating and high temperature alloy matrix, takes out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
3rd step, on NiAlPt metal bonding coating, preparation has the YSZ ceramic layer of quasi-column structure, specific as follows:
(1) being loaded in fixture by the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat, the automatic workpiece being fixed in vacuum chamber turns
On dynamic platform；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas argon (Ar) arrive 130mbar；
(4) spraying current 2000A is set, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, it is evacuated to 2mbar, progressively adjusts gas
Body flow is to designated gas flow, Ar35slpm, He70slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix is 600mm, utilizes plasma jet to heat high-temperature alloy base
Body to 900 DEG C, and with infrared probe, high temperature alloy substrate temperature is monitored,；
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder A, adjust powder feeding rate 2g/min, powder feeding angle
Spend 60 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8L/min, spray power 60kw, spray distance is adjusted to 1100mm, starts to deposit YSZ ceramic layer,
The YSZ ceramic layer of the quasi-column structure that thickness is 100 μm is obtained after 20min；
Will be equipped with Gd2Zr2O7The powder feeder C of powder is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder C, and powder feeding rate is 2g/min, send
Powder angle 60 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8L/min, spray power 75kw, start to deposit Gd2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is
20min, spray distance is 110mm, deposit thickness 50 μm.
(7) progressively reduce gas flow, spraying current, more progressively reduce vacuum, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar to vacuum
Room air pressure is more than arc extinguishing after 70mbar；Exit after vacuum chamber cools down and take out high temperature alloy matrix.
The microstructure of high temperature alloy matrix, coating layer thickness, heat-proof quality and the thermal shock resistance prepared is carried out
Test.Found by scanning electron microscope, prepared YSZ and Gd with quasi-column structure2Zr2O7Ceramic layer, YSZ coating
Thickness is about 100 μm, Gd2Zr2O7Coating layer thickness is about 50 μm, illustrates that the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure can be at NiAlPt metal
Grow on tack coat.Using the bond strength of electronic type material experiment-machine test ceramic layer and tack coat, test result is 41.7
± 5MPa, illustrates to be coated with interfacial bonding strength higher.High temperature alloy matrix is carried out thermal shock test, surface temperature 1300 DEG C,
High temperature alloy substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, is incubated 5min, and under the thermal shock conditions of cooling 90s, coating life reaches 3900 times, explanation
High temperature alloy matrix has good thermal shock resistance.Use effect of heat insulation test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cool down tolerance
For 3m3During/h, Gd2Zr2O7/ YSZ coating adiabatic temperature is 230 ± 5 DEG C, illustrates that coating has good effect of heat insulation.
The ceramic layer that the present invention uses plasma evaporation deposition process to prepare is polycrystalline quasi-column structure coating, bag
Include the quasi-column structure YSZ coating of monolayer, or there is the double-deck YSZ+ group of the lanthanides zirconates/cerate of quasi-column structure simultaneously
Coating；This type coating has good combination property: as described in the bond strength of ceramic layer and tack coat more than 40 ±
5MPa；Ceramic layer and tack coat have thermal shock resistance, and coating life is no less than 3900 times,；Described ceramic layer has heat insulation effect
Really, coating adiabatic temperature is not less than 161 ± 5 DEG C.
The present invention uses single powder feeding mouth powder feeding on spraying coating process, and the powder feeding rate of ceramic powders is 2～4g/min,
The i.e. powder feeding angle of angle controlling powder feeding mouth and horizontal plane is 60～80 °；Employing argon is as powder feeding carrier gas, and regulates carrier gas speed
Rate is to 8～13L/min.Under these parameter roles, ceramic powder particle and the drop of not fully heating can be at the works of carrier gas
Fly out under with plasma beam, reduces liquid phase and the ratio of solid phase in coating, improves the structural homogenity of coating, make quasi-post
The performance of shape structure coating is more stable.
Claims (8)
1. a plasma evaporation deposits quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, it is characterised in that: described ceramic layer microcosmic
Structure is the quasi-column structure of polycrystalline, does not has specific crystal grain to be orientated；Described ceramic layer is that the YSZ of the quasi-column structure of monolayer is coated with
Layer, or there is YSZ coating and the group of the lanthanides zirconates coating of quasi-column structure simultaneously, or there is quasi-column structure simultaneously
YSZ coating and group of the lanthanides cerate coating.
A kind of plasma evaporation the most according to claim 1 deposits quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, and its feature exists
In: described ceramic layer thickness is 50 μm～200 μm, and wherein YSZ ceramic layer thickness is 50～100 μm, group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerium
The thickness of chromate coatings is 50～100 μm.
A kind of plasma evaporation the most according to claim 1 deposits quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, and its feature exists
In: described ceramic layer is more than 40 ± 5MPa with the bond strength of tack coat；Ceramic layer and tack coat have thermal shock resistance, coating
Life-span is no less than 3900 times,；Described ceramic layer has effect of heat insulation, and coating adiabatic temperature is not less than 161 ± 5 DEG C.
4. a plasma evaporation deposits quasi-column structure thermal barrier coating, it is characterised in that: described thermal barrier coating is included in height
The metal bonding coating for preparing on temperature alloy matrix, the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure；Described ceramic layer is the quasi-post of monolayer
The YSZ coating of shape structure, or there is YSZ coating and the group of the lanthanides zirconates coating of quasi-column structure simultaneously, or have simultaneously
The YSZ coating of quasi-column structure and group of the lanthanides cerate coating；Described bonding layer material is divided into three kinds: the first is NiAlX, X
Selecting Dy, Hf or Zr, its component includes the Ni of 40～60mol%, the Al of 38～60mol%, and the X of 0.05～1.5mol%, X select
Select Dy, Hf or Zr；The second is NiAlPt, its component include the Ni of 40～60mol%, the Al of 34～46mol%, 4～
The Pt of 20mol%；The third is NiCoCrAlY, its component include the Ni of 40～60wt.%, the Co of 15～25wt.%, 16～
The Cr of 27wt.%, the Al of 5～10wt.%, the Y of 0.05～2wt.%.
5. a plasma evaporation deposits the preparation method of quasi-column structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, it is characterised in that: include with
Lower step:
The first step, prepares high temperature alloy matrix, and polishing surface, acetone carry out sandblasting pretreatment after cleaning；
Second step, high temperature alloy matrix is prepared tack coat: use vacuum plasma spray coating method to prepare NiCoCrAlY metal and glue
Knot layer；Using electro beam physics vapour deposition method to prepare NiAlX metal bonding coating, wherein X selects Dy, Hf or Zr；Use electricity
The method of plating and pack cementation prepares NiAlPt metal bonding coating；
Take out high temperature alloy matrix it is carried out vacuum heat, temperature 1000～1100 DEG C after preparation, the time be 3～
5h, vacuum 7～9 × 10-5Mbar, takes out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace；
3rd step, prepares the ceramic layer of quasi-column structure on metal bonding coating, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) the high temperature alloy matrix preparing tack coat is loaded in fixture, the automatic workpiece turntable being fixed in vacuum chamber
On；
(2) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure in vacuum chamber is less than 0.08mbar；
(3) open working gas valve, in vacuum chamber, be filled with protective gas argon to 130mbar；
(4) setting spraying current as 1700A～2000A, striking, after plasma-arc is stable, progressively adjusting gas flow is
Ar25～35slpm, He50～70slpm；
(5) distance adjusted between spray gun and high temperature alloy matrix surface is 600～700mm, utilize plasma jet to heat high temperature
Alloy substrate to 800～900 DEG C is also persistently incubated；
(6) the YSZ powder in powder feeder A is heated to 60 DEG C, opens powder feeder, deposit YSZ ceramic layer；Technological parameter is: send
Powder rate 2～4g/min, powder feeding angle 60～80 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8～13L/min, spray power 50kw～60kw, spraying
Distance is 900～1100mm, and sedimentation time is 10min～20min；
If preparation has YSZ coating and the group of the lanthanides zirconates coating of quasi-column structure or has quasi-column structure simultaneously simultaneously
YSZ coating and group of the lanthanides cerate coating, then continue deposition and have group of the lanthanides zirconates or the group of the lanthanides cerate coating of quasi-column structure,
Group of the lanthanides cerate in powder feeder B or the group of the lanthanides zirconates dusty spray in powder feeder C are heated to 60 DEG C, open corresponding powder feeding
Device B or powder feeder C, obtains group of the lanthanides zirconates or the group of the lanthanides cerate coating of quasi-column structure；Technological parameter is: powder feeding rate 2～
4g/min, powder feeding angle 60～80 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8～13L/min, spray power 60kw～75kw, sedimentation time is
10min～20min, spray distance is 900～1100mm；
(7) progressively reduce plasma gas flow, spraying current, in vacuum chamber, be filled with Ar to gas pressure in vacuum more than 70mbar
After, arc extinguishing, after vacuum chamber cools down, venting, open vacuum chamber and take out high temperature alloy matrix.
Preparation method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adjust spraying current 1700A, spray power 50kw,
Gas flow Ar30slpm, He60slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 800 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 2g/min, powder feeding angle
60 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8L/min, spray distance 1000mm, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 20min, thick coating
Degree is 100 μm, prepares monolayer polycrystalline quasi-columnar structure structure YSZ coating.
Preparation method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adjust spraying current 1860A, spray power 55kw,
Gas flow Ar25slpm, He50slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 900 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 4g/min, powder feeding angle
80 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 13L/min, spray distance 900mm, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 10min, thick coating
Degree is 100 μm；Raising spray power, to 60kw, prepares La under other spray parameters the same terms2Ce2O7Coating.
Preparation method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adjust spraying current 2000A, spray power 60kw,
Gas flow Ar35slpm, He70slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 900 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 2g/min, powder feeding angle
60 °, powder feeding carrier gas speed 8L/min, spray distance 1100mm, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 20min, thick coating
Degree is 100 μm；Raising spray power, to 75kw, prepares Gd under other spray parameters the same terms2Zr2O7Coating.
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