CN103966539B - A kind of plasma evaporation deposition long-life, the high heat insulation group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer with composite construction and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of plasma evaporation deposition long-life, the high heat insulation group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer with composite construction and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plasma evaporation deposition long-life, the high heat insulation group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer with composite construction and preparation method thereof, belong to Thermal Barrier Coating Technologies field.Described ceramic layer material is made up of group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerate.Described thermal barrier coating is included in tack coat, the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer prepared on matrix.Described first ceramic layer is YSZ coating.Described second ceramic layer is made up of group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerate.In the preparation method of above-mentioned ceramic layer, the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；By parameters such as regulation spraying electrical power, electric current, gas flow, substrate temperature, powder feeding rate and spray distances, can obtain microstructure is YSZ coating and the group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer that columnar crystal structure, layer structure, stratiform add columnar crystal structure or nano-structured coating etc. respectively, the thermal barrier coating service life-span is high, and has good heat-proof quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Thermal Barrier Coating Technologies field, relate to the preparation method of a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE heterogeneous structure heat-barrier coating ceramic layer,
More specifically refer to prepare high novel group of the lanthanides thermal barrier coating heat insulation, long-life with a kind of ultralow pressure plasma physical vapor deposition process
Method.
Background technology
Thermal barrier coating (TBCs) is high temperature resistant, the anticorrosive and low heat conductivity energy utilizing ceramic material superior, in the way of coating
Pottery is combined mutually with metallic matrix, improves the operating temperature of metal fever end pieces, strengthen the oxidation-resistance property of hot-end component,
Extend the service life of hot-end component, improve a kind of surface protection technique of engine efficiency.
Current most widely used heat-barrier coating ceramic layer material is yittrium oxide PSZ (YSZ, ZrO2-8wt%
Y2O3), but it still has some shortcomings.When working at a temperature of higher than 1200 DEG C, YSZ can undergo phase transition and sinter, from
And jeopardize the structural intergrity of TBCs, cause coating failure.Therefore YSZ is difficult to life-time service at a temperature of higher than 1200 DEG C.
And along with advanced electromotor is to high flow capacity, the development of high thrust-weight ratio, its operating temperature is more and more higher, may be up to 1400 DEG C, because of
This, some scholars begin look for can be used for the ceramic layer material of TBCs at higher temperature.Research finds, novel group of the lanthanides thermal barrier coating is
The most promising a kind of heat barrier coat material.At 700-1200 DEG C, there is the Gd of pyrochlore constitution, Eu, Sm, Nd and
The thermal conductivity size of the zirconates of La is 1.1-1.7Wm-1K-1, hence it is evident that less than YSZ thermal conductivity, and there is good phase stability,
Stablize without phase transformation in the range of room temperature to 1500 DEG C.There is the La of fluorite structure2Ce2O7It is La2O3It is solidly soluted into CeO2Middle formation
Solid solution.As a kind of novel heat barrier coat material, La2Ce2O7Bulk has low-down thermal conductivity (0.6Wm-1K-1,
1000 DEG C), low specific heat (0.43Jg-1K-1), high thermal coefficient of expansion (12.6 × 10-6K-1, 300-1200 DEG C) and high-temperature-phase steady
Qualitative and increasingly paid close attention to by people.
The preparation method of thermal barrier coating mainly has electro beam physics vapour deposition and plasma spraying technology at present.Two kinds of methods are respectively arranged with
Pros and cons.Plasma spray deposition technical efficiency is high, and heat-proof quality is good.But between coating and matrix it is mechanical bond, in conjunction with strong
Degree is general, and its lamellar structure greatly reduces the strain tolerance limit of coating simultaneously, causes coating too early spalling failure under thermal shock.
And thermal barrier coating prepared by electro beam physics vapour deposition is owing to having columnar crystal structure, coating has higher strain tolerance limit, heat
Cycle life improves nearly 8 times than plasma spraying coating.But the method production cost is high, and deposition efficiency is the lowest.
Plasma physical vapor deposition technique (Plasma Spray-Physical Vapor Deposition, PS-PVD) is at physics
A kind of new coating preparation method grown up on the basis of vapour deposition and plasma spraying method, has PS's and EB-PVD concurrently
Advantage, the composite design with liquid phase composite deposition, expanding different tissues structure by gas phase and preparation, for realizing high speed low cost
The preparation of high-performance coating new direction is provided.
Plasma physical vapor deposition technique configuration more than 100kW high powered plasma spray gun, gas enters in electrode-gun, electric
Arc thermo-dissociation becomes the equilibrium mixture of electronics and ion, forms plasma, and is in highly compressed state, has greatly
Energy.Plasma is by drastically expanding formation supersonic speed high-octane plasma flame flow during nozzle.Common vacuum plasma spray
Painting system operating air pressure is generally 50-200mbar, can deposit lamellar tissue's structure coating of 50 μm-2mm thickness.Plasma
Physics vapour deposition system have employed lower air pressure (0.5-2mbar), and plasma flame flow is thicker elongated, and length is more than 2m, directly
Footpath increases to 200-400mm.The prolongation in plasma jet region makes jet cross-section granule density and Temperature Distribution identical,
Thus be conducive to acceleration and the heating of spraying ion, improve the wetness degree of spraying ion, finally realize in complex geometry
Surface of the work obtains the thick coating of even compact.Dusty spray is admitted in plasma torch add rapidly heat fusing, is atomized into subsequently
Tiny molten drop, along with plasma jet is ejected on piece surface, cooled and solidified forms stratiform organizational structure.Simultaneously as etc.
Ionic flame energy is sufficiently high, and dusty spray can also be formed by evaporation to gas phase atom, is ejected into parts list with plasma jet afterwards
Face, formation of deposits columnar crystal structure.Research finds, columnar crystal structure YSZ thermal boundary prepared by plasma physical vapor deposition technique
Coating has preferable hot corrosion resistance, and its thermal cycle life is apparently higher than EB-PVD homogenous configuration coating thermal cycle life.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat-barrier coating ceramic layer material, and described ceramic layer material is by group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerium
Hydrochlorate is constituted.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of thermal barrier coating, is included in tack coat, the first ceramic layer prepared on matrix
With the second ceramic layer.Described first ceramic layer is YSZ coating.Described second ceramic layer is made up of group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerate.
Described bonding layer material is divided into three kinds: Ni, Al, Dy, and its component includes the Ni of (atomic percent) 40-60%,
The Dy of the Al of 39.9-59.95%, 0.05-0.1%；Ni, Pt, Al, its component includes the Ni of (atomic percent) 40-60%,
The Pt of the Al of 35-45%, 5-15%；；Ni, Co, Cr, Al, Y, its component includes the Ni of (percentage by weight) 40-60%,
The Cr of the Co of 18-22%, 19-25%, the Y of 6-8%Al, 0.07-1.5%；The first described ceramic layer is bottom, selective oxidation
Zirconium oxide (the ZrO that yttrium is stable2+(6-8wt%)Y2O3), the second ceramic layer is top layer, and top layer is novel group of the lanthanides thermal barrier coating pottery
The zirconates of any one element or La in layer material, predominantly Gd, Eu, Sm, Nd and La2Ce2O7Material.
Preferably, the thickness of the first ceramic layer is equal to the thickness of the second ceramic layer.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of plasma evaporation deposition long-life, the high heat insulation group of the lanthanides thermal boundary with composite construction
The preparation method of coating ceramic layer, comprises the following steps:
The first step, prepares matrix, specific as follows:
(1) prepare high temperature alloy matrix, respectively through 200#, 600#, 800# sand papering specimen surface, put into and acetone carries out ultrasound wave
Cleaning 10min, sandblasting pretreatment is to increase Substrate Surface Roughness (Ra < 2), standby；
(2) using air plasma spraying equipment to prepare NiAlDy or NiCoCrAlY tack coat, main technologic parameters is: electric current
600A, voltage 70V, powder feeding rate 10g/min, spray distance 100mm, primary air amount Ar gas is 2000L/h, H2Throughput
For 6.5L/min；Or the method using plating and pack cementation prepares NiPtAl tack coat, and main technologic parameters is: preparation Pt
Electroplate liquid, formula is Pt (NH3)2(NO2)217g/L, NH4NO3100g/L, NaNO210g/L, NH4OH50g/L,
Electroplating current is 0.5-2mA/mm2, electroplating time is 1h, temperature 90 DEG C, utilizes pack cementation method aluminising afterwards, 1000 DEG C
Under the conditions of be incubated 90min；
(3) take out sample after tack coat preparation, tack coat is carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2-6h.
Second step, prepares ceramic layer on matrix, first prepares the first ceramic layer YSZ, specifically comprises the following steps that
(4) deposited ceramic layer YSZ, loads matrix high temperature alloy sheet in fixture, the automatic workpiece motion s platform being then attached in vacuum chamber
On；
(5) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(6) set spraying electrical power 55kw～100kw, electric current 1800A～2500A, open working gas valve, striking, treat that electric arc is steady
After Ding, progressively adjust gas flow to designated gas flow (Ar35slpm, He30～60slpm)；
(7) plasma flame flow heated substrate is utilized, infrared probe detection substrate temperature, after being heated to assigned temperature 600～1000 DEG C, stop
Heating；
(8) opening the powder feeder A equipped with YSZ powder, adjust powder feeding rate 5～35g/min, spray distance is 1200～1400mm, starts
Deposition YSZ coating；
(9), after YSZ coating deposition terminates, powder feeding is stopped；General sedimentation time is the longest, and coating layer thickness is the thickest, selects deposition in the present invention
Time is 5min～10min, obtains the YSZ coating that thickness is 50 μm～100 μm.
(10) deposit the second ceramic layer novel group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer, open the powder feeder B equipped with group of the lanthanides dusty spray, powder feeding
Amount 5～35g/min, starts to deposit novel group of the lanthanides thermal barrier coating；As required, the longest coating layer thickness of sedimentation time is the thickest, the present invention
Middle selection sedimentation time is 5～10min, and obtaining the second ceramic layer thickness is 50 μm～100 μm.
3rd step, preparation terminates, and obtains the double ceramic layer thermal barrier coatings containing group of the lanthanides ceramic layer.Accompanying drawing 1 is prepared double ceramic layers
The structural representation of thermal barrier coating
After (11) second ceramic layer depositions terminate, progressively reduce gas flow, arc extinguishing；
(12) after vacuum chamber cools down, venting；
(13) after venting terminates, open vacuum chamber, take out sample, close hull closure.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment realizing described preparation method, described
Device is mainly made up of vacuum chamber, air filter, three grades of vacuum pumps, powder feeder, plasma gun and other auxiliary equipments,
Described auxiliary equipment includes that electric power system, computer control and operating system, gas circuit water circuit system and dust treatment plant etc..Institute
Stating plasma gun model is MC-100, and electric rating can reach 150kW, and plasma gun is arranged in vacuum chamber,
Being furnished with 4 powder feeding mouths in plasma gun, respectively with four powder feeders are connected, and four described powder feeders are arranged on outside vacuum chamber,
Can be implemented as the deposition process in vacuum chamber and different types of powder is provided.Three grades of described vacuum pumps (are taken out by 1 mechanical pump
Gas ability 630m3/ h) and 2 Lodz pump (exhaust capacitys 2000m3/h、4500m3/ h) formed, such that it is able at 10min
In make 6m3Vacuum chamber reach 0.01mbar.Air filter is arranged between vacuum chamber and three grades of vacuum pumps.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1. deposition efficiency is high；
2. the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer structure can control, by adjusting every technique of plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment
Parameter, including spraying electrical power, substrate temperature, main gas kind and flow, powder feeding rate and workpiece distance etc., can be by ceramics
It is biphase that end is heated into liquid, gas respectively, obtains different microstructures: vapour deposition obtains columnar crystal structure, liquid deposition
Obtain layer structure, gas phase and liquid phase co-deposition to obtain stratiform and add columnar crystal structure, when sprayed particle is nanostructured, can
Obtain nano-structured coating etc..
3. ceramic layer laminate coating structure is fine and close.
4. being effectively controlled the pollution of oxygen, decrease the oxidation of spraying particle and matrix, coating binding force is high.
5. plasma flame flow has extraordinary around plating property, can be uniform on complex part (such as duplex or three guide vanes) surface
Deposition coating.
6. the thermal barrier coating service life-span increases substantially.
7. thermal barrier coating has good heat-proof quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of double ceramic layer thermal barrier coatings prepared by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the columnar crystal structure La that the present invention prepares2Ce2O7The cross section SEM photograph of coating.
Detailed description of the invention
With case study on implementation, invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1: at high temperature alloy matrix surface sedimentary column shape crystal structure La2Ce2O7The double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating of/YSZ, concrete steps
As follows:
The first step, preparation matrix:
(1) prepare former of high temperature alloy, a size of Φ 30 × 4mm, respectively through 200#, 600#, 800# sand papering specimen surface, put
Enter and acetone carries out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 10min, sandblasting pretreatment, standby；
(2) using the method for plating and pack cementation to prepare NiPtAl tack coat, main technologic parameters is: the electroplate liquid of preparation Pt, joins
Side is Pt (NH3)2(NO2)217g/L, NH4NO3100g/L, NaNO210g/L NH4OH50g/L, electroplating current is 0.5-2
mA/mm2, electroplating time is 1h, and temperature 90 DEG C utilizes pack cementation method aluminising afterwards, is incubated 90min under the conditions of 1000 DEG C.
(3) tack coat carrying out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2-6h；
Second step, prepares ceramic layer, including the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer.
(4) YSZ, La are prepared2Ce2O7Ceramic layer dusty spray；
(5) deposit the first ceramic layer YSZ, start plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment, it is ensured that working gas gas circuit, powder feeder, cooling
Recirculated water etc. are working properly；
(6) matrix high temperature alloy sheet is loaded in fixture, be then attached to the automatic workpiece in plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment vacuum chamber
On sports platform.
(7) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(8) adjusting spraying current is 2500A, and power is 100kw, opens working gas valve, striking, after arc stability, progressively
Adjust working gas flow to designated gas flow (Ar35slpm, He60slpm)；
(9) utilize plasma flame flow heating sample, infrared probe detection specimen temperature, after temperature arrives 1000 DEG C, stop heating；
(10) opening the powder feeder A equipped with YSZ powder, adjust powder feeding rate 10g/min, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is
10min, spray distance is 1400mm, and deposit thickness is 100 μm；
(11), after YSZ coating deposition terminates, powder feeding is stopped；
(12) the second ceramic layer La is deposited2Ce2O7Thermal barrier coating, opens equipped with La2Ce2O7The powder feeder B of powder, powder sending quantity 10g/min,
Start to deposit La2Ce2O7Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is 10min, and spray distance is 1400mm, deposit thickness 60 μm.
(13), after ceramic layer deposition terminates, gas flow, arc extinguishing are progressively reduced；
(14) after vacuum chamber cools down；Venting；
(15) after venting terminates, open vacuum chamber, take out sample, close hull closure.
The microscopic appearance of the sample prepared, coating layer thickness, heat-proof quality, thermal shock resistance are measured.Prepare
The thermal barrier coating of double ceramic layers, its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.Find that YSZ coating layer thickness is about by scanning electron microscopic observation
100μm,La2Ce2O7Thickness is 100 μm；Both are columnar crystal structure coating, and Fig. 2 is the columnar crystal structure La of preparation2Ce2O7
The cross section SEM photograph of coating.After this explanation dusty spray is admitted to plasma gun, owing to plasma torch energy is sufficiently high,
Dusty spray is formed by evaporation to gas phase atom, is ejected into matrix surface with plasma jet afterwards, and deposition obtains columnar crystal structure coating.
Sample is carried out thermal shock test, at surface temperature 1300 DEG C, substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, is incubated 5min, the heat of cooling 90s
Under cycling condition, coating thermal cycle life reaches 4050 times, has absolutely proved that sample has good thermal shock resistance.Use every
Thermal effect test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cooling gas flow is 2m3During/h, La2Ce2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation is 181 ± 5 DEG C,
Cooling gas flow is 3m3During/h, La2Ce2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation is 202 ± 8 DEG C, illustrates that coating has good effect of heat insulation.
Embodiment 2: in high temperature alloy matrix surface sedimentary shape structure La2Zr2O7The double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating of/YSZ
The first step, prepares matrix.
(1) prepare former of high temperature alloy, a size of Φ 30 × 4mm, respectively through 60# sand papering specimen surface, put in acetone and surpass
Sound wave cleans 10min, standby；
(2) NiAlDy tack coat dusty spray and YSZ, La are prepared2Zr2O7Ceramic layer powder,
(3) using air plasma spraying equipment to prepare NiAlDy tack coat, main technologic parameters is: electric current 600A, voltage 70V,
Powder feeding rate 10g/min, spray distance 100mm, primary air amount Ar gas is 2000L/h, H2Throughput is 6.5L/min, deposition
Time 20min, deposit thickness is 100 μm；
(4) take out sample after tack coat preparation, tack coat is carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2h；
Second step, prepares ceramic layer
(5) deposited ceramic layer YSZ, starts plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment, it is ensured that working gas gas circuit, dust feeder, cooling follows
Ring water etc. are working properly；
(6) matrix high temperature alloy sheet is loaded in fixture, be then attached to the automatic workpiece in plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment vacuum chamber
On sports platform.
(7) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(8) adjusting spraying current is 1800A, and power is 55kw, opens working gas valve, striking, after arc stability, progressively adjusts
Whole gas flow is to designated gas flow (Ar35slpm, He35slpm).
(9) utilize plasma flame flow heating sample, infrared probe detection specimen temperature, after temperature arrives 600 DEG C, stop heating；
(10) opening the powder feeder A equipped with YSZ powder, adjust powder feeding rate 35g/min, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is
5min, spray distance is 1200mm, and deposit thickness is 70 μm；
(11), after YSZ coating deposition terminates, powder feeding is stopped；
(12) deposited ceramic layer La2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, opens equipped with La2Zr2O7The powder feeder B of powder, powder sending quantity 35g/min,
Start to deposit La2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1200mm, deposit thickness 70 μm.
(13), after ceramic layer deposition terminates, gas flow, arc extinguishing are progressively reduced；
(14) after vacuum chamber cools down；Venting；
(15) after venting terminates, open vacuum chamber, take out sample, close hull closure.
Microstructure, coating layer thickness, thermal shock resistance and the heat-proof quality of the sample prepared is measured.By sweeping
Retouching Electronic Speculum it is found that prepared double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating, its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.YSZ and La2Zr2O7Pottery
Enamel coating is lamellar tissue's structure.This is because the plasma gun electrical power on the one hand selected is less, dusty spray is admitted to
Ionic flame can not be gasified, and adds that powder feeding rate is relatively big, and therefore dusty spray can only be heated fusing, is atomized into tiny molten drop,
Being ejected on matrix surface with plasma jet, cooled and solidified forms stratiform organizational structure.YSZ coating layer thickness is about 70 μm,
La2Zr2O7Thickness is 70 μm；Sample is carried out thermal shock test, at surface temperature 1300 DEG C, substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, protects
Temperature 5min, under the thermal cycle conditions of cooling 90s, coating thermal cycle life reaches 2950 times, has absolutely proved that sample has good
Good thermal shock resistance.Using effect of heat insulation test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cooling gas flow is 2m3During/h,
La2Zr2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation is 210 ± 5 DEG C, and cooling gas flow is 3m3During/h, coating is heat insulation is 230 ± 5 DEG C, and coating is described
There is good effect of heat insulation.
Embodiment 3: at the Gd that high temperature alloy matrix surface sedimentary column shape is brilliant and layer structure is alternate2Zr2O7The double ceramic layer thermal boundary of/YSZ is coated with
Layer,
The first step, prepares matrix alloy, and prepares tack coat on matrix alloy surface.
(1) prepare former of high temperature alloy, a size of Φ 30 × 4mm, respectively through 200#, 600#, 800# sand papering specimen surface, put
Enter and acetone carries out ultrasonic waves for cleaning 10min, sandblasting pretreatment, standby；
(2) NiCoCrAlY tack coat dusty spray and YSZ, Gd are prepared2Zr2O7Ceramic layer powder,
(3) using air plasma spraying equipment to prepare NiCoCrAlY tack coat, main technologic parameters is: electric current 600A, voltage 70V,
Powder feeding rate 10g/min, spray distance 100mm, primary air amount Ar gas is 2000L/h, H2Throughput is 6.5L/min, deposition
Time 20min, deposit thickness is 100 μm；
(4) take out sample after tack coat preparation, tack coat is carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2h；
Second step, prepares the first ceramic layer in tie layer surface, and prepares the second ceramic layer at the first surface ceramii layer.
(5) deposited ceramic layer YSZ, starts plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment, it is ensured that working gas gas circuit, powder feeder, cooling circulation
Water etc. are working properly；
(6) matrix high temperature alloy sheet is loaded in fixture, be then attached to the automatic workpiece motion s platform of plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment
On.
(7) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(8) adjusting spraying current is 2000A, and power is 65kw, opens working gas valve, striking, after arc stability, progressively adjusts
Whole gas flow is to designated gas flow (Ar35slpm, He45slpm)
(9) utilize plasma flame flow heating sample, infrared probe detection specimen temperature, after temperature arrives 700 DEG C, stop heating；
(10) opening the powder feeder 1 equipped with YSZ powder, adjust powder feeding rate 25g/min, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is
5min, spray distance is 1400mm, and deposit thickness is 50 μm；
(11), after YSZ coating deposition terminates, powder feeding is stopped；
(12) deposited ceramic layer Gd2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, opens equipped with Gd2Zr2O7The powder feeder of powder, powder feeding rate 25g/min, open
The deposition that begins Gd2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1400mm, deposit thickness 50 μm.
(13), after ceramic layer deposition terminates, gas flow, arc extinguishing are progressively reduced；
(14) after vacuum chamber cools down；Venting；
(15) after venting terminates, open vacuum chamber, take out sample, close hull closure.
Microstructure, coating layer thickness, thermal shock resistance and the effect of heat insulation of the sample prepared is measured.By sweeping
Retouching Electronic Speculum it is found that prepared double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating, its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.YSZ and Gd2Zr2O7
Ceramic layer is column crystal and layer structure is alternate.This explanation is under these process conditions, and dusty spray is in the middle part of plasma torch
Dividing evaporation to form gaseous state, amount of powder adds heat fusing, is atomized into tiny molten drop, and therefore cooled and solidified forms stratiform and column is held concurrently
Some organizational structuries.YSZ coating layer thickness is about 50 μm, Gd2Zr2O7Thickness is 50 μm；Sample is carried out thermal shock test,
At surface temperature 1300 DEG C, substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, it is incubated 5min, under the thermal cycle conditions of cooling 90s, coating thermal cycle
The Life Cycle life-span reaches 3550 times, has absolutely proved that sample has good thermal shock resistance.Effect of heat insulation test furnace is used to survey
Examination coating effect of heat insulation, cooling gas flow is 2m3During/h, Gd2Zr2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation is 195 ± 7 DEG C, cooling gas flow
For 3m3During/h, coating is heat insulation is 219 ± 5 DEG C, illustrates that coating has good effect of heat insulation.
Embodiment 4: deposit nanometer laminated structure Gd at high temperature alloy matrix surface2Zr2O7The double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating of/YSZ.
(1) prepare former of high temperature alloy, a size of Φ 30 × 4mm, respectively through 60# sand papering specimen surface, put in acetone and surpass
Sound wave cleans 10min, standby；
(2) using air plasma spraying equipment to prepare NiCoCrAlY tack coat, main technologic parameters is: electric current 600A, voltage 70V,
Powder feeding rate 10g/min, spray distance 100mm, primary air amount Ar gas is 2000L/h, H2Throughput is 6.5L/min, deposition
Time 20min, deposit thickness is 100 μm；
(3) take out sample after tack coat preparation, tack coat is carried out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2h；
(4) YSZ, Gd are prepared2Zr2O7Nanometer reunion dusty spray；
(5) deposited ceramic layer YSZ, starts plasma physical vapor depositing device, it is ensured that working gas gas circuit, powder feeder, cooling circulation
Water etc. are working properly；
(6) matrix high temperature alloy sheet is loaded in fixture, be then attached to the automatic workpiece motion s platform of plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment
On；
(7) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(8) adjusting spraying current is 1800A, and power is 55kw, opens working gas valve, striking, after arc stability, progressively adjusts
Whole gas flow is to designated gas flow (Ar35slpm, He30slpm)；
(10) utilize plasma flame flow heating sample, infrared probe detection specimen temperature, after temperature arrives 600 DEG C, stop heating；
(11) opening the powder feeder 1 equipped with YSZ powder, adjust powder feeding rate 35g/min, start to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is
5min, spray distance is 1200mm, and deposit thickness is 70 μm；
(12), after YSZ coating deposition terminates, powder feeding is stopped；
(13) deposited ceramic layer Gd2Zr2O7Thermal barrier coating, opens Gd2Zr2O7Powder feeder, powder sending quantity 35g/min, start to deposit Gd2Zr2O7
Thermal barrier coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1200mm, deposit thickness 70 μm；
(14), after ceramic layer deposition terminates, gas flow, arc extinguishing are progressively reduced；
(15) after vacuum chamber cools down；Venting；
(16) after venting terminates, open vacuum chamber, take out sample, close hull closure.
Microstructure, coating layer thickness, thermal shock resistance and the heat-proof quality of the sample prepared is measured.By sweeping
Retouching Electronic Speculum it is found that prepared double ceramic layer thermal barrier coating, its schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.YSZ and Gd2Zr2O7
Ceramic layer is nanometer laminated structure coating.YSZ coating layer thickness is about 70 μm, Gd2Zr2O7Thickness is 70 μm；Sample is entered
Row thermal shock test, at surface temperature 1300 DEG C, substrate temperature 1000 DEG C, is incubated 5min, the thermal cycle conditions of cooling 90s
Under, coating thermal cycle life cycle life reaches 3850 times, has absolutely proved that sample has good thermal shock resistance.Use every
Thermal effect test furnace testing coating effect of heat insulation, cooling gas flow is 2m3During/h, Gd2Zr2O7/ YSZ coating is heat insulation is 205 ± 7 DEG C,
Cooling gas flow is 3m3During/h, coating is heat insulation is 229 ± 8 DEG C, illustrates that coating has good effect of heat insulation.
Claims (1)
1. plasma evaporation deposition long-life, a preparation method for the high heat insulation group of the lanthanides heat-barrier coating ceramic layer with composite construction, its
It is characterised by:
Described thermal barrier coating is included on matrix and is sequentially prepared tack coat, the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer obtained, and described first
Ceramic layer is YSZ coating, and described second ceramic layer is made up of group of the lanthanides zirconates or cerate；Described group of the lanthanides zirconates is
La2Zr2O7Or Gd2Zr2O7, described cerate is La2Ce2O7；Described YSZ refers to the zirconium oxide of stabilized with yttrium oxide, i.e.
ZrO2+ (6-8wt%) Y2O3；
Described preparation method comprises the following steps:
The first step, prepares matrix, specific as follows:
(1) high temperature alloy matrix is carried out pretreatment；
(2) use air plasma spraying equipment to prepare NiAlDy or NiCoCrAlY tack coat, or use plating and pack cementation
Method prepare NiPtAl tack coat；Described bonding layer material is divided into three kinds: Ni, Al, Dy, and its component includes atomic percent
Dy than the Al, 0.05-0.1% of Ni, 39.9-59.95% for 40-60%；Ni, Pt, Al, its component includes atomic percent
For the Ni of 40-60%, the Pt of the Al of 35-45%, 5-15%；Ni, Co, Cr, Al, Y, its component includes percentage by weight
For the Ni of 40-60%, the Cr of the Co of 18-22%, 19-25%, the Y of 6-8%Al, 0.07-1.5%；
(3) tack coat carrying out vacuum heat: temperature 1000-1100 DEG C, the time is 2-6h；
Second step, prepares ceramic layer on matrix, first prepares the first ceramic layer YSZ, specifically comprises the following steps that
(4) deposited ceramic layer YSZ, loads matrix high temperature alloy sheet in fixture, the automatic workpiece motion s platform being then attached in vacuum chamber
On；
(5) closing vacuum chamber, evacuation, until the pressure of vacuum chamber is less than 1mbar；
(6) double ceramic layers that the double ceramic layer of columnar crystal structure, the double ceramic layer of lamellar tissue's structure, column crystal and layer structure are alternate are prepared
Or the double ceramic layer of nanometer laminated structure；
The preparation condition of the double ceramic layer of described columnar crystal structure is: adjustment spraying current is 2500A, and power is 100kw, adjusts
Full employment gas flow Ar 35slpm, He 60slpm, heating sample reaches 1000 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 10g/min, start to sink
Long-pending YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 10min, and spray distance is 1400mm, and deposit thickness is 100 μm；Prepared by the same manner
Second ceramic layer La2Ce2O7；
The preparation condition of the double ceramic layer of described lamellar tissue's structure is: adjustment spraying current is 1800A, and power is 55kw, gas
Body flow Ar 35slpm, He 35slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 600 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 35g/min, start deposition
YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1200mm, and deposit thickness is 70 μm；Deposit under similarity condition
La2Zr2O7Coating；
The preparation condition of described column crystal and the alternate double ceramic layers of layer structure is: adjustment spraying current is 2000A, power
For 65kw, gas flow Ar 35slpm, He 45slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 700 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 25g/min,
Starting to deposit YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1400mm, and deposit thickness is 50 μm；Similarity condition
Lower deposition Gd2Zr2O7Coating；
The preparation condition of the double ceramic layer of described nanometer laminated structure is: adjustment spraying current is 1800A, and power is 55kw, gas
Body flow Ar 35slpm, He 30slpm；Heated substrate temperature arrives 600 DEG C；Adjust powder feeding rate 35g/min, start deposition
YSZ coating, sedimentation time is 5min, and spray distance is 1200mm, and deposit thickness is 70 μm；Deposit under similarity condition
Gd2Zr2O7Coating；Prepare double ceramic layer and be nanometer laminated structure coating；
3rd step, preparation terminates；
Said method uses plasma physical vapor precipitation equipment, described device by vacuum chamber, air filter, three grades of vacuum pumps,
Powder feeder, plasma gun and other auxiliary equipments are constituted, and described auxiliary equipment includes that electric power system, computer control and behaviour
Make system, gas circuit water circuit system and dust treatment plant；Described plasma gun model is MC-100, and electric rating reaches
150kW, plasma gun is arranged in vacuum chamber, is furnished with four powder feeding mouths, respectively with four powder feeder phases in plasma gun
Even, four described powder feeders are arranged on outside vacuum chamber, it is achieved provide different types of powder for the deposition process in vacuum chamber；
Three grades of described vacuum pumps are made up of a mechanical pump and two Lodz pumps, thus make 6m in 10min3Vacuum chamber reach
0.01mbar；Air filter is arranged between vacuum chamber and three grades of vacuum pumps.
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