CN106233881B

CN106233881B - Pelleting method of aerial seeding flower stick seeds under rainfall control

Info

Publication number: CN106233881B
Application number: CN201610816920.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武志博; 刘宏义; 杨晓军; 郝小雯; 司建华; 马扎雅泰; 王文舒
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-09-09
Filing date: 2016-09-09
Publication date: 2020-03-20
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-09
Also published as: CN106233881A

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula for aerial seeding flower stick seed pelleting under rainfall control, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30% of talcum powder; 40-80% of bentonite; 0-30% of attapulgite powder; 2-6% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15-0.80% of an adhesive; 0.01-0.1 per mill of plant growth regulator; 5-10% of nutrient substances; and the sum of the weight percentages of all the components in the formula is 100 percent. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the pelletized flower stick seeds. The invention not only overcomes the problems of displacement and drift of the seeds of the aerial sowing flower sticks, but also ensures that the seeds quickly germinate under the condition that the rainfall exceeds 10mm by adjusting the content of the water-retaining agent and adding the plant growth regulator and trace elements, avoids the occurrence of bud flashing and simultaneously improves the seedling strengthening index.

Description

Pelleting method of aerial seeding flower stick seeds under rainfall control

Technical Field

The invention relates to an aerial seeding flower stick seed pelleting method under rainfall control, and belongs to the technical field of aerial seeding seed pelleting.

Background

In the fifties of the twentieth century, the air seeding afforestation technology is introduced into China from the western countries. The aerial seeding afforestation has the advantages of high speed, low cost, quick effect, uniform seed falling, wide range, good economic benefit and the like, and the aerial seeding area is gradually increased.

When the air seeding technology is just introduced into China, naked-seed air seeding is mainly adopted, namely, seeds are not treated at all and are directly used for air seeding. But because the in-flight seeds are lighter, the in-flight seeds drift and shift. Particularly, the seedling rate of the aerial seeding seeds cannot be ensured due to drought and rain in desert areas; the phenomenon of flash bud is the main reason for reducing the effect of aerial seeding. Meanwhile, gentle sand with good ground conditions is less and less, the air seeding areas in many places gradually turn to severe ground conditions of far sand and large sand, the air seeding areas have high sand dune density, the sand dunes are relatively high, vegetation is rare, sand mobility is high, and precipitation is less. The severe conditions of the field aggravate the phenomena of seed drifting, displacement, bud flashing and the like, and the aerial seeding effect is obviously reduced.

Therefore, the treatment of the airborne seeds becomes one of the key factors affecting the airborne effect. At present, the pelleted seed coating agent for aerial seeding mainly increases the weight of seeds and prevents the seeds from drifting and shifting with wind after the aerial seeding, but the phenomenon of bud flashing caused by insufficient rainfall is still not solved, and the phenomenon of bud flashing is the main reason for low germination rate and survival rate of plants after the aerial seeding.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pelleting method of aerial sowing flower stick seeds under rainfall control, which mainly adjusts the content of a water-retaining agent in the pelleted seeds and ensures that the seeds with the rainfall exceeding 10mm start germination; meanwhile, nutrient elements (large amount and trace amount) are added to the pelletized seeds, a microenvironment capable of rapidly growing is provided for seed germination, and the seedling rate is further improved.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an aerial seeding flower stick seed pelleting formula under rainfall control comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-30% of talcum powder; 40-80% of bentonite; 0-30% of attapulgite powder (hereinafter, the mixture of talcum powder, bentonite and attapulgite powder is referred to as powder); 2-6% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15-0.80% of an adhesive; 0.01-0.1 per mill of plant growth regulator; 5-10% of nutrient substances; and the sum of the weight percentages of all the components in the formula is 100 percent.

The water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.

The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

The plant growth regulator is rooting powder No. 6.

The nutrient substances are monopotassium phosphate and trace elements, and the preferred weight ratio is monopotassium phosphate: trace elements approximately 100: 1, wherein the trace elements comprise copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron or mixtures thereof.

A method for pelleting aerial seeding flower stick seeds under rainfall control comprises the following steps:

(a) mixing the seed of the floral rod with the powder in a ratio of 1: 6, uniformly mixing the components in a weight ratio, adding a binder, and adding the binder to granulate the seed of the flower stick; wherein the weight of the medium powder accounts for 95-97% of the total weight of the powder;

(b) uniformly mixing the pelleted flower stick seeds, a small amount of powder, a water-retaining agent and nutrient elements, and adding a growth regulator to ensure that the pelleted seeds obtain a microenvironment and nutrition required by growth; wherein the weight of the powder accounts for 3-5% of the total weight of the powder;

(c) sieving the pelletized seeds, and drying to obtain the pelletized flower stick seeds

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the method, the talcum powder, the bentonite and the attapulgite powder are added, so that the weight of the seed of the flower stick is increased by about 7 times, and the drifting and displacement of the aerial seeding seed can be effectively avoided; the content of a water-retaining agent in the seed coating agent for the seed pelleting of the flower stick seeds is adjusted, so that the flower stick seeds can provide enough water for seed germination under the condition that the rainfall exceeds 10 mm; the content of the adhesive in the seed coating agent for the seed pelleting of the Huabang seeds is adjusted, so that the seeds have good cracking degree, are not crushed in the transportation process and are cracked quickly when the seeds germinate; the plant growth regulator is added, so that the growth of plant root systems can be promoted, and the seedling protection rate and the seedling strengthening index are improved; the addition of nutrient substances can provide a microenvironment for the germination of the pelleted seeds, meet the nutrition required by the rapid growth of the seeds under the severe growth conditions, and improve the seedling strengthening index.

Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is the influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the water loss rate of seeds; FIG. 1 shows that the water content of 4% is relatively low compared to the water loss rate, and the water content required in the initial stage of seed germination can be satisfied.

FIG. 2 is the influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the water loss rate of seeds; FIG. 2 shows that 2% water content is low relative to water loss and satisfies the water content required for the initial stage of seed germination.

FIG. 3 is the effect of different water-retaining agent contents on the water loss rate of seeds; FIG. 3 shows that 2% water content is low relative to water loss and satisfies the water content required for the initial stage of seed germination.

FIG. 4 shows the drought resistance index of seed germination of pelleted flower stick seeds of different formulations under sand control

FIG. 5 pelletized flower stick seed vigor index of different formulations under sand control conditions

FIG. 6 shows the germination index of pelleted flower stick seeds of different formulations under sand control

FIG. 7 shows the seedling rate of pelleted floral rod seeds of different formulations under sand control

FIG. 8 root length of pelleted flower stick seeds of different formulations under sand control conditions

FIG. 9 shows the fresh weight of pelleted flower stick seedlings of different formulas under sand control

FIG. 10 shows the plant heights of pelleted floral bouquet seedlings of different formulations under sand control

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

(1) and (3) screening seeds, namely screening the seeds by using a seed screen with the aperture of 10mm, and removing impurities and seeds with smaller particle size. And selecting and removing mildewed and deteriorated seeds.

(2) Weighing 50 g of the seed of the floral bouquet, adding the seed into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 4% polyvinyl alcohol according to the speed of 200 ml/h. Slowly adding 300g of powder (containing 30g of talcum powder, 240g of bentonite and 30g of attapulgite powder), and pelleting for 10 min.

(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 1g of talcum powder, 8g of bentonite and 1g of attapulgite powder), 24.5g of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 14g of polyacrylamide, 0.175g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.175g of trace elements (containing copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax each 0.035g), and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.

(4) And (3) sieving the pelletized seeds respectively through seed sieves with the aperture of 8mm and 5mm, and removing the pelletized seeds with the diameter of less than 5mm and the diameter of more than 8 mm. Drying the seeds with the diameter of 5-8 mm by using a blast dryer at the temperature of 40 ℃. Taking out after 10min, and naturally drying to completely dry.

TABLE 1 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength

As can be seen from Table 1, the addition of 2% polyvinyl alcohol ensures that the compressive strength of the pelletized seeds is greater than 18N, and meets the compressive requirements of aerial seeding and transportation.

TABLE 2 influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the vigor of the seed

As can be seen from Table 2, the water-retaining agent has the best activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) at 4%.

Example 2

(2) Weighing 50 g of the seed of the shiitake, adding into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 1.25% sodium carboxymethyl according to the speed of 200 ml/h. Slowly adding 300g of powder (containing 90g of talcum powder, 120g of bentonite and 90g of attapulgite powder), and pelleting for 10 min.

(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 3g of talcum powder, 4g of bentonite and 3g of attapulgite powder), 31.5g of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 7g of polyacrylamide, 0.175g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.175g of trace elements (containing 0.035g of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax respectively) into the roller, and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.

TABLE 3 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength

As can be seen from Table 3, when the content of the binder is 1.25%, the compression strength of the pelleted seeds reaches 19.7N, the requirement that the compression strength of the pelleted seeds is more than 18N is met, and the compression requirements of transportation and aerial sowing can be ensured.

TABLE 4 influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the vigor of the seeds

Table 4 shows that the activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) of the pelletized flower stick seeds is best when 2% of water-retaining agent is added into the formula.

Example 3

(2) Weighing 50 g of the seed of the shiitake, adding into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 1.25% sodium carboxymethyl according to the speed of 200 ml/h. 300g of powder (containing 60g of talc and 240g of bentonite) was slowly added and granulated for 10 min.

(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 2g of talcum powder and 8g of bentonite), 31.5g of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 7g of polyacrylamide, 0.175g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.175g of trace elements (containing 0.035g of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax respectively) into the roller, and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.

TABLE 5 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength

As can be seen from Table 5, when the content of the binder is 1.25%, the compression strength of the pelleted seeds reaches 19.2N, the requirement that the compression strength of the pelleted seeds is more than 18N is met, and the compression requirements of transportation and aerial sowing can be ensured.

TABLE 6 influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the vigor of the seeds

Table 6 shows that the activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) of the pelletized flower stick seeds is the best when 2% of water-retaining agent is added into the formula.

In order to verify whether the formula is below 10mm of rainfall or not, the phenomenon of bud flashing of the pelletized flower stick seeds does not occur; when the rainfall is more than 10mm, the pelleted flower stick seeds have higher seedling protection rate and seedling strengthening indexes. We performed a water content sand control test. FIGS. 4-10, the abscissa represents the moisture content of the sand bed for seed germination and the ordinate represents different physiological indices, respectively, in the legend WH1, WH2, WH3 represent example 1, example 2 and example 3, respectively; . The result shows that compared with the control, the indexes of strong seedlings of the seedlings germinated by the pelleted seed formula are obviously higher than those of the control. The granulated formulation WH1 was superior to WH2 and WH2 was superior to WH 3.

Example 4

In the field test, precipitation is artificially simulated to be 0mm, 5mm, 10mm and 15mm, and the cracking rate and the seedling rate of the pelleted seeds are tested. The result shows that when the rainfall reaches 10mm, the pelleted seeds start to crack, and the seedling rate reaches 87.2%; when the rainfall is 5mm, the cracking rate is only 7.6 percent, and the seedling rate is 0.

Claims

1. A pelleting coating method of aerial seeding flower stick seeds under rainfall control is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10-30% of talcum powder; 40-80% of bentonite; 0-30% of attapulgite powder; 2-6% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15-0.80% of binder; 0.01-0.1 per mill of plant growth regulator; 5-10% of nutrient substances, wherein the nutrient substances comprise potassium dihydrogen phosphate and trace elements, and the weight ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the trace elements is 100: 1; the total weight percentage of all the components is 100 percent, wherein the mixture of the talcum powder, the bentonite and the attapulgite powder is called powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(a) mixing the seed of the floral rod with the powder in a ratio of 1: 6, uniformly mixing, adding a binder, and pelleting the seed of the flower stick; wherein the powder accounts for 95-97% of the total weight of the powder; in a roller of the pelleting machine, the speed of the roller is set to be 60r/min, and the pelleting time is 10 min;

(b) uniformly mixing the pelletized flower stick seeds obtained in the step (a), a small amount of powder, a water-retaining agent and nutrient substances, and adding a plant growth regulator to ensure that the pelletized seeds obtain microenvironment and nutrition required by growth; wherein the powder accounts for 3-5% of the total weight of the powder; in a roller of the pelleting machine, the speed of the roller is set to be 60r/min, and the pelleting time is 5 min;

(c) sieving the pelletized seeds, and drying to obtain the pelletized flower stick seeds.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the water retaining agent is polyacrylamide.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the binder is polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. The method of pellet coating of flower stick seeds of claim 1, wherein the plant growth regulator is root-inducing powder No. 6.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the trace element is selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron, and mixtures thereof.