CN106358510B - Pelleting method of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm seeds under rainfall control - Google Patents
Pelleting method of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm seeds under rainfall control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358510B CN106358510B CN201610816931.8A CN201610816931A CN106358510B CN 106358510 B CN106358510 B CN 106358510B CN 201610816931 A CN201610816931 A CN 201610816931A CN 106358510 B CN106358510 B CN 106358510B
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- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a formula for aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm seed pelleting under rainfall control, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-40% of talcum powder; 45-60% of bentonite; 0-15% of attapulgite powder; 3-7% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15 to 0.31% of an adhesive; 0.02-0.12 per mill of plant growth regulator; 6-12% of nutrient substances; and the sum of the weight percentages of all the components in the formula is 100 percent. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the pelletized Calligonum mongolicum seeds. The method not only solves the problems of displacement and drift of the aerial sowing Calligonum mongolicum seeds, but also ensures that the seeds quickly germinate under the condition that the rainfall exceeds 15mm by adjusting the content of the water-retaining agent and adding the plant growth regulator and trace elements, avoids the occurrence of bud flashing and simultaneously improves the seedling strengthening index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm seed pelleting method under rainfall control, and belongs to the technical field of aerial seeding seed pelleting.
Background
In the fifties of the twentieth century, the air seeding afforestation technology is introduced into China from the western countries. The aerial seeding afforestation has the advantages of high speed, low cost, quick effect, uniform seed falling, wide range, good economic benefit and the like, and the aerial seeding area is gradually increased.
When the air seeding technology is just introduced into China, naked-seed air seeding is mainly adopted, namely, seeds are not treated at all and are directly used for air seeding. But because the in-flight seeds are lighter, the in-flight seeds drift and shift. Particularly, the seedling rate of the aerial seeding seeds cannot be ensured due to drought and rain in desert areas; the phenomenon of flash bud is the main reason for reducing the effect of aerial seeding. Meanwhile, gentle sand with good ground conditions is less and less, the air seeding areas in many places gradually turn to severe ground conditions of far sand and large sand, the air seeding areas have high sand dune density, the sand dunes are relatively high, vegetation is rare, sand mobility is high, and precipitation is less. The severe conditions of the field aggravate the phenomena of seed drifting, displacement, bud flashing and the like, and the aerial seeding effect is obviously reduced.
Therefore, the treatment of the airborne seeds becomes one of the key factors affecting the airborne effect. At present, the pelleted seed coating agent for aerial seeding mainly increases the weight of seeds and prevents the seeds from drifting and shifting with wind after the aerial seeding, but the phenomenon of bud flashing caused by insufficient rainfall is still not solved, and the phenomenon of bud flashing is the main reason for low germination rate and survival rate of plants after the aerial seeding.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pelleting method of aerial sowing Calligonum rubicundunm seeds under rainfall control, the method mainly adjusts the content of a water-retaining agent in the pelleted seeds, and ensures that seeds with rainfall exceeding 15mm start germination; meanwhile, nutrient elements (large amount and trace amount) are added to the pelletized seeds, a microenvironment capable of rapidly growing is provided for seed germination, and the seedling rate is further improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a formula for pelleting seeds of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm under rainfall control comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12-40% of talcum powder; 45-60% of bentonite; 0-15% of attapulgite powder (hereinafter, the mixture of talcum powder, bentonite and attapulgite powder is referred to as powder); 3-7% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15 to 0.31% of an adhesive; 0.02-0.12 per mill of plant growth regulator; 6-12% of nutrient substances; and the sum of the weight percentages of all the components in the formula is 100 percent.
The water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol.
The plant growth regulator is rooting powder No. 6.
The nutrient substances are potassium dihydrogen phosphate and trace elements, preferably, the ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate: trace elements of about 100 to 200: 1, wherein the trace elements comprise copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron or mixtures thereof.
A method for pelleting seeds of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm under the control of rainfall comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing Calligonum mongolicum seeds and powder in a proportion of 1: 6, uniformly mixing the raw materials, adding a binder and adding the binder to the mixture to pelletize the Calligonum mongolicum seeds; wherein the weight of the powder accounts for 95-97% of the total weight of the powder;
(b) uniformly mixing the pelleted Calligonum mongolicum seeds, a small amount of powder, a water-retaining agent and nutrient elements, and adding a growth regulator, wherein the pelleted Calligonum mongolicum seeds obtain a microenvironment and nutrition required by growth; wherein the weight of the powder accounts for 3-5% of the total weight of the powder;
(c) sieving the pelletized seeds, and drying to obtain the pelletized Calligonum mongolicum seeds
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the talcum powder, the bentonite and the attapulgite powder are added, so that the weight of the Calligonum mongolicum seeds is increased by about 7 times, and the drift and displacement of the aerial sowing seeds can be effectively avoided; the content of the water-retaining agent in the calligonum-husking seed pelleting seed coating agent is adjusted to ensure that the calligonum-husking seeds can provide enough water for seed germination under the condition that the rainfall exceeds 15 mm; the content of the adhesive in the seed pelleting seed coating of the Calligonum mongolicum seeds is adjusted, so that the seeds have good cracking degree, are prevented from being broken in the transportation process and are rapidly cracked when the seeds germinate; the plant growth regulator is added, so that the growth of plant root systems can be promoted, and the seedling protection rate and the seedling strengthening index are improved; the addition of nutrient substances can provide a microenvironment for the germination of the pelleted seeds, meet the nutrition required by the rapid growth of the seeds under the severe growth conditions, and improve the seedling strengthening index.
Brief description of the drawings
FIG. 1 shows the influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the water loss rate of seeds; figure 1 shows that the water holding capacity of the formulation increases with increasing water holding agent content in the formulation.
FIG. 2 shows the influence of water-retaining agents with different contents on the water loss rate of seeds; figure 2 shows that the water holding capacity of the formulation increases with increasing water holding agent content in the formulation.
FIG. 3 shows the influence of different water-retaining agent contents on the water loss rate of seeds; figure 3 shows that the water holding capacity of the formulation increases with increasing water holding agent content in the formulation.
FIG. 4 shows drought resistance indexes of seed germination of different formula of pelletized Calligonum mongolicum under sand control condition
FIG. 5 shows activity indexes of different formula of pelletized Calligonum mongolicum seeds under the condition of sand control
FIG. 6 shows the germination index of seeds of Calligonum mongolicum with different formulations under the sand control condition
FIG. 7 shows the seedling rate of the seeds of Calligonum rubicundunm with different formulations under the condition of sand control
FIG. 8 shows the root length of the seeds of Calligonum rubicundunm with different formulations under the sand control condition
FIG. 9 shows the fresh weight of the seeds of Calligonum mongolicum with different formulas under the condition of sand control
FIG. 10 shows the plant heights of the pelletized Calligonum mongolicum seedlings with different formulas under the sand control condition
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for pelleting seeds of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm under rainfall control comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) screening seeds, namely screening the seeds by using a seed screen with the aperture of 10mm, and removing impurities and seeds with smaller particle size. And selecting and removing mildewed and deteriorated seeds.
(2) Weighing 50 g of Calligonum mongolicum seeds, adding the seeds into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 4% polyvinyl alcohol according to the speed of 200 ml/h. Slowly adding 300g of powder (containing 40g of talcum powder, 220g of bentonite and 40g of attapulgite powder), and granulating for 10 min.
(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 1.3g of talcum powder, 7.4g of bentonite and 1.3g of attapulgite powder), 22g of monopotassium phosphate, 17.5g of polyacrylamide, 0.245g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.21g of trace elements (containing 0.042g of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax respectively) into the roller, and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.
(4) And (3) sieving the pelletized seeds respectively through seed sieves with the aperture of 10mm and 7mm, and removing the pelletized seeds with the diameter of less than 7mm and the diameter of more than 10 mm. Drying the seeds with the diameter of 10-7 mm by using a blast dryer at the temperature of 40 ℃. Taking out after 10min, and naturally drying to completely dry.
TABLE 1 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength
As can be seen from Table 1, the addition of 4% polyvinyl alcohol ensures that the compressive strength of the pelletized seeds is greater than 18N, and meets the compressive requirements of aerial seeding and transportation.
TABLE 2 influence of different water-retaining agent contents on Calligonum rubicundunm seed vigor
As shown in Table 2, the water-retaining agent has the best activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) when the water-retaining agent is 5%.
Example 2
A method for pelleting seeds of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm under rainfall control comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) screening seeds, namely screening the seeds by using a seed screen with the aperture of 10mm, and removing impurities and seeds with smaller particle size. And selecting and removing mildewed and deteriorated seeds.
(2) Weighing 50 g of Calligonum mongolicum seeds, adding the seeds into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 2% polyvinyl alcohol according to the speed of 200 ml/h. Slowly adding 300g of powder (containing 80g of talcum powder, 140g of bentonite and 80g of attapulgite powder), and pelleting for 10 min.
(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 2.7g of talcum powder, 5.4g of bentonite and 2.7g of attapulgite powder), 29g of monopotassium phosphate, 10.5g of polyacrylamide, 0.245g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.21g of trace elements (containing 0.042g of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax respectively) into the roller, and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.
(4) And (3) sieving the pelletized seeds respectively through seed sieves with the aperture of 10mm and 7mm, and removing the pelletized seeds with the diameter of less than 7mm and the diameter of more than 10 mm. Drying the seeds with the diameter of 10-7 mm by using a blast dryer at the temperature of 40 ℃. Taking out after 10min, and naturally drying to completely dry.
TABLE 3 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength
As can be seen from Table 3, when the content of the binder is 2%, the compression strength of the pelleted seeds reaches 19.6N, the requirement that the compression strength of the pelleted seeds is more than 18N is met, and the compression requirements of transportation and air seeding can be guaranteed.
TABLE 4 influence of different water-retaining agent contents on Calligonum mongolicum seed vigor
Table 4 shows that the activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) of the pelleted Calligonum rubicundunm seeds is the best when 5 percent of water-retaining agent is added into the formula.
Example 3
A method for pelleting seeds of aerial seeding Calligonum rubicundunm under rainfall control comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) screening seeds, namely screening the seeds by using a seed screen with the aperture of 10mm, and removing impurities and seeds with smaller particle size. And selecting and removing mildewed and deteriorated seeds.
(2) Weighing 50 g of Calligonum mongolicum seeds, adding the seeds into a roller of a pelleting machine, setting the speed of the roller to be 60r/min, and adding 2% polyvinyl alcohol according to the speed of 200 ml/h. 300g of powder (containing 120g of talc and 180g of bentonite) was slowly added and granulated for 10 min.
(3) Continuously adding 10g of powder (containing 2g of talcum powder and 8g of bentonite), 29g of monopotassium phosphate, 10.5g of polyacrylamide, 0.245g of rooting powder No. 6 and 0.21g of trace elements (containing 0.042g of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and borax respectively) into the roller, and continuously pelleting for 5min according to the parameter settings.
(4) And (3) sieving the pelletized seeds respectively through seed sieves with the aperture of 10mm and 7mm, and removing the pelletized seeds with the diameter of less than 7mm and the diameter of more than 10 mm. Drying the seeds with the diameter of 10-7 mm by using a blast dryer at the temperature of 40 ℃. Taking out after 10min, and naturally drying to completely dry.
TABLE 5 Effect of different concentrations of Binder on cracking Rate and compressive Strength
As can be seen from Table 5, when the content of the binder is 2%, the compression strength of the pelleted seeds reaches 19.3N, the requirement that the compression strength of the pelleted seeds is more than 18N is met, and the compression requirements of transportation and air seeding can be ensured.
Influence of 6 different content water-retaining agents on vitality of Calligonum mongolicum seeds
Table 6 shows that the activity (including germination percentage, germination index, activity index and fresh weight) of the pelleted Calligonum rubicundunm seeds is the best when 5 percent of water-retaining agent is added into the formula.
In order to verify whether the formula is below 15mm of rainfall or not, the phenomenon of bud flashing of the seeds of the Calligonum rubicundunm after pelleting is avoided; when the rainfall is more than 15mm, the pelleted Calligonum rubicundunm seeds have higher seedling protection rate and strong seedling indexes. We performed a water content sand control test. FIGS. 4-10, the abscissa represents the moisture content of the sand bed for seed germination and the ordinate represents different physiological indices, respectively, in the legend WH1, WH2, WH3 represent example 1, example 2 and example 3, respectively; . The result shows that compared with the control, the indexes of strong seedlings of the seedlings germinated by the pelleted seed formula are obviously higher than those of the control. The granulated formulation WH1 was superior to WH2 and WH2 was superior to WH 3.
Example 4
In the field test, precipitation is artificially simulated to be 0mm, 10mm, 15mm and 20mm, and the cracking rate and the seedling rate of the pelleted seeds are tested. The result shows that when the rainfall reaches 15mm, the pelleted seeds start to crack, and the seedling rate reaches 81.6%; when the rainfall is 10mm, the cracking rate is only 12.3 percent, and the seedling rate is 3.5 percent.
Claims (5)
1. A method for pelleting and coating aerial sowing Calligonum rubicundunm seeds under rainfall control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the pelleting formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12-40% of talcum powder; 45-60% of bentonite; 0-15% of attapulgite powder; 3-7% of a water-retaining agent; 0.15-0.31% of binder; 0.02-0.12 per mill of plant growth regulator; 6-12% of nutrient substances, wherein the nutrient substances comprise potassium dihydrogen phosphate and trace elements, and the weight ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the trace elements is (100-200): 1; and the sum of the weight percentages of all the components is 100 percent; wherein the mixture of the talcum powder, the bentonite and the attapulgite powder is called powder;
in addition, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) mixing Calligonum mongolicum seeds and powder in a proportion of 1: 6, adding a binder to granulate the Calligonum mongolicum seeds; wherein the powder accounts for 95-97% of the total weight of the powder; in a roller of the pelleting machine, the speed of the roller is set to be 60r/min, and the pelleting time is 10 min;
(b) uniformly mixing the pelletized flower stick seeds obtained in the step (a), a small amount of powder, a water-retaining agent and nutrient substances, and adding a plant growth regulator to ensure that the pelletized seeds obtain microenvironment and nutrition required by growth; wherein the powder accounts for 3-5% of the total weight of the powder; in a roller of the pelleting machine, the speed of the roller is set to be 60r/min, and the pelleting time is 5 min;
(c) sieving the pelletized seeds, and drying to obtain the pelletized Calligonum mongolicum seeds.
2. The method for pelletizing and coating flying sowing Calligonum rubicundunm seeds according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant growth regulator is rooting powder No. 6.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the trace element is selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron, and combinations thereof.
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