CN1062337A - The manufacture method of aseptic organic fertilizer and equipment thereof - Google Patents

The manufacture method of aseptic organic fertilizer and equipment thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1062337A
CN1062337A CN91102918A CN91102918A CN1062337A CN 1062337 A CN1062337 A CN 1062337A CN 91102918 A CN91102918 A CN 91102918A CN 91102918 A CN91102918 A CN 91102918A CN 1062337 A CN1062337 A CN 1062337A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
acid
fertilizer
miscellany
mushroom
alkaline matter
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN91102918A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
W·D·彼得逊二世
B·L·歇利
L·康耐尔
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WILLIAM DONALD PETERSON II US)
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WILLIAM DONALD PETERSON II US)
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Application filed by WILLIAM DONALD PETERSON II US) filed Critical WILLIAM DONALD PETERSON II US)
Publication of CN1062337A publication Critical patent/CN1062337A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present invention relates to produce the method and apparatus of aseptic fertilizer, comprise the mixture that forms each component, make its pH value less than 7 with acid treatment.The mushroom that has in the mixture adapts to this sour environment and breeding therein at short notice.Use alkaline matter for processing then, make it be converted to slightly acidic or alkalescence, mushroom can't be adapted to and death in seconds because the rapid variation of environment and mixture temperature rise from strongly-acid.Mushroom breeding consumption nitrogen just can not take place in the finished product like this, and nitrogen and other component are just preserved very safely.After this fertilizer was applied in the ground, the mushroom in the soil absorbed nitrogen and other material wherein, and converting thereof into can be for the nutrition of plant absorbing again.

Description

The manufacture method of aseptic organic fertilizer and equipment thereof
The present invention relates to be used to produce the fertilizer that improves crop yield, more specifically to the manufacture method and the equipment used of aseptic organic fertilizer.
For fertilizing the land, traditional saying is: you support the soil, and the crops is supported in the soil.The history that modern chemical fertilizer industry approximately had for five more than ten years till now from being born, it should be noted that during this period, use chemical fertilizer to the soil and just begun to promote plant-growth very significantly, but as desire to keep this effect with regard to the necessary amount of application that constantly increases chemical fertilizer.In a certain usage range, will can there be higher crop yield in the soil of excessively using chemical fertilizer than the soil of never executing chemical fertilizer.
In recent years, people once found almost do not have the organic-biological of living in the soil of chemical fertilizer using.To the scientific explarnation of this phenomenon is to cause soil nitrification owing to moisture content could be kept and keep to the hardening soil normal infiltration, and organism can't be survived.Pedologists have been found that using chemical fertilizer has retardation to its fertility of soil restoration.Scientists imagination chemical fertilizer has destroyed the natural microorganisms structure in the soil and has made the rotten value matter barren.According to present tillage method, if not by planting different types of plant (change of crops) in turn, to plough the implant remains or use organism such as way such as fecaluria is replenished, matter is planted in corruption will be more and more barrenr.
Global agronomists recognize that the excessive chemical fertilizer of using is deleterious by the microorganism channel to the natural ability of plant keeping to soil.In the U.S., topsoil is considered to one of maximum natural resources of country.Yet since the change of chemical fertilizer and consequent agricultural cultivating mode appears in one nine four zero years, the natural microorganisms soil ulmin average content in U.S.'s topsoil drops to present 1.5% by original 4%-6%.
In order to keep best edaphic condition, organic content must remain in the definite limit in the soil.If organic content is in 2.5% level, with regard to uncontrollable leaching.If be lower than 2%, do not go to form enzyme system good in the plant with regard to there being enough metal trace elements.But greater than 6% o'clock, produce keen competition between plant and soil organic matter, this will cause the deficiency of enzyme system in the plant.
In decades, formed a kind of like this idea at fertilizer industry: can be dissolved as ion immediately because change handle, so, have only chemical fertilizer just should be applied to the farmland, " and having only ion to be absorbed ".Fertilizer use the obstruction that always is subjected to chemical fertilizer industry, its apologist emphasizes that fertilizer must resolve into ion and could be absorbed by plant roots, and think that the coring absorption ion of plant is a kind of waste to the energy, because mineral substance must could be carried in whole strain plant by after the plant root whisker cell chelating, and inner complex is the needs of all plant tissues.Human body is also like this to the absorption of mineral substance.
In 1989, Ba Jilalaitifo (Bargyla Rateaver) be entitled as " plant can absorb great molecule? " point out in one literary composition: plant can absorb water-fast macromole by the plasmalemma structure of its coring cell.By some mechanism, plant structure can be recognized the food that is adapted to plant-growth, and correspondingly open cellularstructure these molecular absorption in the liquid stream of plant, these phenomenons arrive by electron microscope observation.It is shocking most that its speed of response is high, find in test that mineral substance just is distributed to plant structure fully and has suffered in about 12 minutes.The Ao Genwei gill (Eugene Vigil) of wearing dimension Robinson (David Robinson) and american agriculture tissue (U.S.O.A) of brother's Dettingen university provides information and picture for this piece article.
A lot of for the merits and demerits arguement of estimating chemical fertilizer and fertilizer, but be worth proposing is: the public and pedologist have realized that the mode of traditional a large amount of use chemical fertilizer brought soil issues, and need to solve in the near future.Because fertilizer has become essential thing for peasant and the home gardening of today, so use the soil issues that chemical fertilizer brings for excessive, fertilizer industry is seeking redress always.
Someone proposed one new but may be more definite fertilization theory: " provide food with the mushroom of fertilizer in soil, support to plant by mushroom again ".Completely contradict with aforementioned traditional concept, this theory is thought and nitrogen component and other compound in the mushroom decomposition and consumption fertilizer is converted thereof into the nutrition that plant can absorb then.
Not only nitrogen needs the help of microorganism before by plant absorbing, other negatively charged ion nutrient for plants as: phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, boron, molybdenum etc. are in that become can be for the processing that all needs microorganism before the nutrition of plant absorbing.As nitrogen must at first convert nitrate to, phosphorus was converted to phosphoric acid salt, and sulphur converts vitriol to, and chlorine converts muriate to, and boron is converted into borate, and molybdenum becomes molybdate.
People also do not know the reservation amount of traditional its nitrogen of fertilizer.In fact, the very poor exactly nitrogenous source of organic fertilizer.It is with a kind of like this method that the present invention produces fertilizer, wherein uses chemical products as the reinforcement of the basal component of fertilizer to kill mushroom in the fertilizer in process of production.Nitrogen content and other composition of the fertilizer of producing with the inventive method can match in excellence or beauty with chemical fertilizer, and through measuring for several times, there is no the trend that descends though its nitrogen content is preserved through for many years.When this product was applied the soil with leaching characteristic, because this fertilizer does not only provide nutrition to soil, and the microorganism in soil provided organic, thereby converts plant desired nutritional composition to absorbable form by the mode of talking about above.
Another wonderful saying about fertilizer is that nutrition must be water miscible.The water-soluble water transfer lime that makes plant pass through the root cells system absorbs nutrition.The present invention is based on such notion: useful fertilizer might not non-ly be water miscible, but must be the material that can be converted to plant nutrition by mushroom.By this way, mushroom is converted into plant acceptable form with some composition of fertilizer.We recognize further that under certain conditions, some component in the mushroom decomposition and consumption fertilizer produce the secretory product that some can supply plant absorbing then, and this fertilizer can not be directly by plant absorbing before this process.Therefore, this new fertilizer is the bacterium dissolubility, but might not be water miscible.In its manufacturing processed, adopted fertilizer miscellany sterilising technology to prevent that mushroom from decomposing its composition before fertilizer is administered to ground, soil.The fertilizer sterilization can prevent the loss of available nitrogen in the fertilizer before it is administered to soil.
And acid comprises that as sulfuric acid and alkaline matter ammoniacal liquor is commonly used to do mixed fertilizer, the present invention does not take traditional fertiliser production mode, for example, and at United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 050,383(Wilson) in, the inventor mentions: " organic waste materials with acid and ammoniacal liquor synchronous reaction ".With former method contrast, the present invention has disclosed the new realization ways and means of conversion fast, and as previously mentioned, this process is not to realize by " synchronously " reaction that resembles Weir inferior (Wilson) proposition.
The invention provides a kind of ways and means that is used for improving the recoverable amount of organic fertilizer nitrogen, mineral substance and nutrition, make the edible fungus in the nutritive substance confession soil in the fertilizer, producing some by mushroom again may be strengthened its growth by the material of plant absorbing and utilization.Rather than between the fertilizer preservation period, just be consumed happy most.
The ways and means that is used to produce aseptic fertilizer comprises: the first step, the various components of preparation compound manure, comprising the component that plays aggregation, use acid as vitriolization it then, the sour environment of the short period of time endoadaptation fertilizer of mushroom after adding acid also begins to breed therein.Use alkaline matter then, as anhydrous ammonia NH 3, handle this polycomponent miscellany, make the pH of miscellany change slightly acidic or alkalescence into from strongly-acid rapidly.Because this transformation is big, add that consequent exothermic heat of reaction makes the miscellany temperature raise, mushroom can't be survived and in seconds just can be die.Fertilizer after the processing does not almost have mushroom, otherwise mushroom will continue breeding and consumption nitrogen.Therefore, the nitrogen in this fertilizer and other component have just been preserved very safely.After this fertilizer was applied in the ground, the mushroom in the soil absorbed nitrogen and other material wherein, and converting thereof into can be for the nutrition of plant absorbing again.
For the ideal plant-growth, some fundamental elements are necessary, in these elements, and carbon, hydrogen, oxygen is taken from air, and soil then provides the 90-95% of whole plants weight.In fertile soil, 13 kinds of compositions of its inherent are: nitrogen, and phosphoric acid salt, salt of wormwood is referred to as " NPK ", sulphur, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc.Silt accounts for 45%, 25% of soil total amount, water, and the 25%th, air, remaining 5% is organism.
Ideal, to make the fertilizer of soil post-equalization should be to mend the above-mentioned unit that is lacked in the soil usually to promote fertile soil and help plant-growth.Except say from the microorganism angle aseptic, the present invention also provides a complete set of equipment of producing this product, these will be talked about below.
Fig. 1 has provided the technical process of producing this aseptic fertilizer.The realization of gnotobiosis is to lean against the strongly-acid miscellany that forms in mixer with the anhydrous ammonia handle in the reactor neutralize neutrality or slightly acidic.
It has been found that plant is to supply with nutrition by the mushroom in the soil, these mushrooms are then by the survival of the nutritive ingredient in the organic fertilizer.Though this plant growth Cyclical Theory is mutually vigorous with traditional " you support the soil, and the crops is supported in the soil ", the fertilizer source of nutrition of the mushroom of " indigenous " really in some sense.Because the organic fertilizer produced with the present invention is " aseptic ", therefore can prolonged preservation and do not lose efficacy.
Production system of the present invention comprises a dry type batching mixer (first part) and a wet type batching mixer (second section).The first step, organism (3) as ight soil, is crushed to a certain degree by rotary mill (5).Pulverizer (5) is furnished with a scraper (7) in the last rotation of pulverizing grid (8) that is dragged by power.Organic materials after the pulverizing (3) falls into vibration bank (9) by gravity after sieving through the pulverizing grid, delivers to subsequent processing by screw feeder (12) again.Trace element (4) and the batching (1) done add along the length direction of screw feeder.
According to ideal state, add-on and other siccative (1) amount of allocating into of trace element (4) should be decided by the soil analysis result, otherwise just produce by the standard proportioning.Usually the trace element that adds comprises copper (13), iron (14), magnesium (15), manganese (16) and zinc (17).Various element is stored in the storage tank that has feeder (18) (22) lining separately.Each this feeder (18) all has a little electronic rotating screw (19) to be used for from storage tank (22) with given speed to the screw feeder quantifying feed.The mixed batching of doing (1), i.e. salt of wormwood (23), ammonium sulfate (24), Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) (25) and humic acids (26) add with organism (3) mixed in the top of screw feeder (12).As shown in Figure 1, every kind of dried batching all is stored in separately the storage tank that has screw feeder (21).The speed of each feeder can be set separately to reach by different ratios and the mixed purpose of organism (3).Comprise organism (3), trace element (4) and siccative (1) at interior miscellany by screw feeder (12), screw-blade (27) is delivered to mixer (28), and here the oar formula agitating vane (29) by mixer is blended into predetermined degree with material.Second screw feeder (31) sent into reactor (33) to these mixed materials of doing by check valve (32).Check valve (32) the effect here is to prevent that moistened batch (2) from entering screw feeder (31).
With the mixed material while of doing, water (36) and sulfuric acid (37) have also entered sterilization reactor (33) thereby have formed acid miscellany.Stirrer mixer (39) in the reactor (33) fully stirs these acid miscellanys, and in a short period of time, the mushroom in the mixed material of doing has just adapted to this sour environment, through the mixed of certain hour and after adapting to, and anhydrous ammonia NH 3(38) enter reactor (33) with in rapidly and the acidity of miscellany with enough amounts, make its property be converted to neutrality or alkalescence by strong acid, this process is a strong exothermal reaction.Thereby this reaches production " aseptic " fertilizer from rapid reversal procedures and a large amount of reaction heat of strongly-acid alkalitropism in the fatal position to mushroom purpose.This treating processes has been stablized the chemical property of miscellany, decomposes this miscellany thereby can guarantee not have mushroom.
Anhydrous ammonia (38) treating processes is emitted a considerable number of flavor gas (41) that has, and these gases are introduced gas scrubber (42) via pipeline, and the water (43) that has absorbed ammonia loops back water tank (44), and like this, the anhydrous ammonia of recovery can recycle repeatedly.
Mixed under hygrometric state, as to react miscellany is referred to as " fertilizer " from now on, is discharged on the disc type granulator (47) from reactor (33) via a check valve (46).Fertilizer behind the granulating is packed after drying by conveying belt (48).
Because the fertilizer (51) after the pack is aseptic, thus can prolonged preservation and not corrupt, can not lose its nitrogen content yet.People provide grain to mushroom with this organic fertilizer application at last in the soil, supply with nutrition by mushroom to plant again, thereby grow healthy and strong plant and thereupon offer human nutritious food.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of in fertilizer the method for retained nitrogen, it is characterized in that said method comprises: at first with the acid treatment fertilizer so that strongly-acid to be provided; Make it be slightly acidic with a large amount of alkaline matter for processing then; Quick and violent pH value changes to guarantee sterilising effect.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that said acid is sulfuric acid.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that said alkaline matter is an anhydrous ammonia.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mixed fully acid miscellany of homogeneous phase that forms of said acid and fertilizer.
5, keep the method for nitrogen in a kind of fertilizer, it is characterized in that said method may further comprise the steps:
ⅰ. stir dried fertilizer,
ⅱ. in dried human and animal excreta, add enough acid forming acid miscellany,
ⅲ. the alkaline matter that adds q.s in acid miscellany to be forming alkaline miscellany,
ⅳ. add in the alkaline matter process and realize sterilising effect.
6, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that said acid miscellany provides good environment for the growth of mushroom.
7, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that said alkaline matter has promptly changed the pH value of solution and caused to make the lethal environment of mushroom.
8, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that said acid is sulfuric acid.
9, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that said alkaline matter is an anhydrous ammonia.
10, a kind of reactor of producing aseptic fertilizer is characterized in that it comprises:
Have to the mixed material of doing and add acid and mixed device, produce the mixer of strongly-acid miscellany;
In the strongly-acid miscellany, add alkaline matter, make miscellany change alkalescence into and reach feeding in raw material and mixing apparatus fertilizer sterilization (mushroom can't be adapted to) purpose from acidity with enough big speed and quantity.
CN91102918A 1990-04-26 1991-04-26 The manufacture method of aseptic organic fertilizer and equipment thereof Pending CN1062337A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51476790A 1990-04-26 1990-04-26
US514,767 1990-04-26

Publications (1)

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CN1062337A true CN1062337A (en) 1992-07-01

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CN91102918A Pending CN1062337A (en) 1990-04-26 1991-04-26 The manufacture method of aseptic organic fertilizer and equipment thereof

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EP (1) EP0536149A4 (en)
JP (1) JPH05506421A (en)
KR (1) KR930702940A (en)
CN (1) CN1062337A (en)
CA (1) CA2081446A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991016280A1 (en)

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PL398871A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-28 Bio Technology Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia The method of obtaining mineral-organic fertilizer from digestate in agricultural biogas plants
CN103332982B (en) * 2013-06-27 2015-04-29 重庆拓阳科技有限公司 Method for preparing special composite microbial fertilizer for non-deciduous fruit trees and capable of improving soil, and prepared product
CN103396223B (en) * 2013-07-29 2015-08-12 成都市四友化学工业有限责任公司 A kind of take Chinese medicine slag as biological organic fertilizer and the production technique thereof of raw material
CN103980057B (en) * 2014-05-31 2015-10-07 重庆市中绿农业开发有限责任公司 Silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special
RU2599176C2 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-10-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ДарЭко" Apparatus for producing organic fertiliser
CN105439412A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-03-30 嘉兴职业技术学院 Livestock breeding excrement treatment system
CN107973626A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-01 重庆工商大学 Metal material reduces in compost treatment application and its method in nitrogen loss as nitrogen protecting agent
CN113402307B (en) * 2021-05-15 2022-09-13 甘肃华瑞农业股份有限公司 Production device and production method of amino acid fertilizer

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CN1108452C (en) * 1997-12-12 2003-05-14 株式会社日立制作所 Compressor of swirl

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EP0536149A1 (en) 1993-04-14
CA2081446A1 (en) 1991-10-27
EP0536149A4 (en) 1993-09-15
WO1991016280A1 (en) 1991-10-31
JPH05506421A (en) 1993-09-22
KR930702940A (en) 1993-11-29

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