CN107602189A - A kind of crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107602189A CN107602189A CN201710980100.9A CN201710980100A CN107602189A CN 107602189 A CN107602189 A CN 107602189A CN 201710980100 A CN201710980100 A CN 201710980100A CN 107602189 A CN107602189 A CN 107602189A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and its production method, belongs to crop material utilization and organic fertilizer production field.Composite organic-inorganic fertilizer formula of the present invention includes following raw material by weight：1000 parts of crop material, 400 600 parts of water, 98% 200 300 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 98% 200 300 parts of concentrated nitric acid solution, 450 700 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 200 300 parts of urea, 100 200 parts of potassium chloride, 60 100 parts of diatomite in powder.The acid treated calcium magnesium phosphate that adds of crop material fully reacts, then carries out stirring curing, drying process, is eventually adding urea, potassium chloride, diatomite in powder, obtains composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of the present invention.Abundant organic matter, and the quick-acting nutrient elements such as N P and K containing abundance had both been contained in composite fertilizer of the present invention；And its simple production process, it is with short production cycle, it is adapted to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop material utilization and organic fertilizer production field, and in particular to a kind of crop material organic and inorganic compound
Hefei and its production method.
Background technology
Crop is China's staple food crop, stalk enormous amount.Crop material organic matter enriches, and from farmland, leads to
Everfermentation is decomposed, gives back in farmland, is to supplement the soil organism, soil nutrient, the important fertilizer source for improving soil texture.Cause
Crop material surface covers the reason such as coating of wax matter and cellulose, hemicellulose, content of lignin height, traditional crop stalk fermentation
Decomposed, the time is long, efficiency is low, and peasant is unwilling to use mostly；In recent years, as agricultural machinery is promoted, by straw in a manner of rotary tillage
Stalk, which directly smashes, turns over embedment field, although simple and easy to do, due to not passing through desinsection, sterilization, killing the processing such as weed seed, disease
Insect pest etc. easily remains, and has the popular potential risk of huge disease, insect pest, weeds, and few places have even occurred because of straw
Stalk rotary tillage direct returning to farmland and there is disease severe epidemic situation.Meanwhile although the various nutrient elements of crop material are complete, nitrogen,
The Main Nutrients constituent content such as phosphorus is too low, and course of fermentation is slow, limits straw utilization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming and deficiency existing for prior art, there is provided a kind of crop material organic-inorganic
Composite fertilizer and its production method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, it is formulated comprising following raw material by weight：Crop material
1000 parts, water 400-600 parts, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution 200-300 parts, 98% concentrated nitric acid solution 200-300 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate
450-700 parts, urea 200-300 parts, potassium chloride 100-200 parts, diatomite in powder 60-100 parts.Can according to plant growth to nitrogen,
The demand status of the nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, soil acid-base situation etc., suitably adjust sulfuric acid dosage, nitric acid dosage, calcium magnesium phosphate dosage,
Urea, potassium chloride dosage, or even the appropriate phosphoric acid of addition participate in stalk processing；Also can add other nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and in it is micro-
Secondary element fertilizer, to meet needs of the respective crop to nutrient element.It is above-mentioned 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution 200-300 parts, 98% dense
Salpeter solution 200-300 parts are the limitations to sulfuric acid, the total dosage of nitric acid, if concentrated sulfuric acid solution, concentrated nitric acid solution concentration have change
Changing then parts by weight can keep total amount constant with respective change.Described crop material includes rice, wheat, sorghum, rape
Etc. the stalk of various crops.
The production method of above-mentioned crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) crop material prepares：
Crop material is smashed into powdered segment, preferably 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment；
(2) crop material acid treatment：
The water for being formulated dosage is added in reactor, the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of formula dosage is added slowly, after stirring
Slowly the concentrated nitric acid solution of formula dosage is added, is stirred, and acid solution is heated to 40-55 DEG C；By matching somebody with somebody through pulverization process
The crop material of square dosage is added in reactor, is mixed, is mixed thoroughly, handles 12-24 hours, is substantially deepened to stalk color, straw
Stalk fully absorbs acid solution, material without free acid solution；
(3) calcium magnesium phosphate processing is added：
The calcium magnesium phosphate for being formulated dosage is added in reactor, fully mixed with the crop material fully handled through acid solution
Close, stir, mix, calcium magnesium phosphate is fully contacted with the acid solution inside crop material and its stalk, be stirred continuously mixed processing
12-24 hours, make fully to react, no longer rise to temperature；
(4) curing, drying process：
Crop material material by above-mentioned processing can reach the high temperature of 70-90 DEG C and the above, then by 12-48 hours
Stirring, curing, and appropriate heat drying process, make the moisture of material to less than 10%；
(5) urea, potassium chloride, diatomite in powder are added, further makes compound fertilizer：
Into by fully dry material (below moisture 10%), urea, potassium chloride, the silicon of formula dosage are added
Diatomaceous earth powder, mix, obtain crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
The present invention passes through strong acid and other common things rich in nutrient element using the stalk of various crops as primary raw material
Matter, it is thorough while the main matter structures such as cellulose, the lignin of the crop material surface waxs such as rice and difficult degradation are destroyed
The harmful substance such as germ is killed at bottom, makes full use of reaction heat, and largely supplements the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, be combined with organic and inorganic and
It is easy to the mode of production of automation, scale, batch production, produces crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, both containing abundant organic
Matter, and the quick-acting nutrient elements such as N P and K containing abundance, it is possible to achieve long-acting nutrient is with available nutrient, supply crop nutrition content with using
Soil supports the coordinating and unifying of soil.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to prior art and effect：
1st, it is sufficiently destroyed and has been degraded with difficult degradation composition of the acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid to crop material, and
Stalk material is passed through high-temperature process, can degrade rapidly so as to effectively facilitating and ensure stalk organic matter after field is applied and
It is absorbed by crops utilization.
2nd, combined with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, take into account product nutrient and using acid dilution heat release, oxidation reaction, acid-base reaction with
Release reaction heat, promotes windrow to enter high temperature, reduces energy consumption and cost；And by the processing such as strong acid and high temperature, crop material can
The pathogeny bacterium that can carry, worm's ovum, weed seed etc. have obtained thorough killing, ensure that with fertilizer safety.
3rd, the advantages of organic fertilizer is with quick-acting chemical fertilizer has been merged, the content of organic matter is enriched, and the essential nutrient contents such as N P and K are high,
Other nutrients are complete, balanced, comprehensive, and add diatomite in powder improved soil and absorption nutrient, not only can supply crop comprehensively and support
Point, available for base manure, top dressing etc., also with improved soil, delay the effects such as nutrients release, raising plant recovery of nutrient.
4th, crop material the like waste is taken full advantage of, no waste water and dregs are produced, turned waste into wealth, and fertilizer yield is high.
5th, simple production process, it is with short production cycle, it is especially suitable for batch production, large-scale production.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Composition of raw materials：1000 parts of wheat stalk, 500 parts of water, 98% 250 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 98% concentrated nitric acid solution 250
Part, 550 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 250 parts of urea, 120 parts of potassium chloride, 80 parts of diatomite in powder.
Production：500 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 250 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 250 kilograms of 98% concentrated nitric acid slowly again, stir, and acid solution is heated to 50 DEG C on the basis of acid solution has warmed up；Add
Enter to be ground into 1000 kilograms of the wheat stalk of 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment, mix, stir, after reacting 15 hours,
To stalk color substantially deepens, stalk fully absorbs acid solution, material is without free acid solution；Calcium magnesium phosphate 550 is added into reactor
Kilogram, mixing, stirring 20 hours, temperature of charge rises to 84 DEG C (now 16 DEG C of environment temperature)；Again by the stirring, ripe of 24 hours
Change, promote moisture evaporation and appropriate heat drying, the moisture to material is 9.2%；Normal temperature is cooled to, adds urea 250
Kilogram, potassium chloride 120 kg, 80 kilograms of diatomite in powder, be uniformly mixed so as to obtain product of the present invention.Meanwhile to be added without in aforementioned formula
Diatomite in powder simultaneously produces reference product in the same way.
Invention product (addition diatomite in powder) and the nutrient and properties of product situation of reference product (being added without diatomite) are shown in
Table 1.
The product nutrient of table 1 and performance condition
| Product | Feedstock treating | Organic matter | Total nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Effective potassium | PH value | Production cycle |
| Invention product | Add diatomite | 36.3% | 7.37% | 4.23% | 4.62% | 6.8 | 4 days |
| Reference product | It is added without diatomite | 37.1% | 7.52% | 4.37% | 4.68% | 6.8 | 4 days |
Field test：To one piece of about 300m in the circulation industrial park of the big exit of valley in Jingmen City, Hubei Province2Cement vegetables arable land,
3 processing are divided into, according to habits fertilization and equivalent fertilization principle, carry out green cucumber experiment.Chemical fertilizer is applied in processing 1, is applied
Fertilizer amount is 32.8 kilograms of urea, 48.8 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 18.9 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and 201 kilograms of reference product is applied in processing 2,
205 kilograms of invention products are applied in processing 3, as base fertilizer, three times top dressing apply.Harvest cucumber yield is respectively 386.4 kilograms,
412.6 kilograms, 436.8 kilograms, illustrate that product of the present invention not only has organic fertilizer, the basic function of inorganic fertilizer, also because adding silicon
Diatomaceous earth powder and further protect storage and continue nutrients release, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote the raising of cucumber yield.
Embodiment 2
Composition of raw materials：1000 parts of rice straw, 600 parts of water, 98% 300 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 98% concentrated nitric acid solution 300
Part, 700 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 300 parts of urea, 180 parts of potassium chloride, 100 parts of diatomite in powder.
Production：600 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 300 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 300 kilograms of 98% phosphoric acid slowly again, stir, and acid solution is heated to 45 DEG C on the basis of acid solution has warmed up；Add
1000 kilograms of the rice straw of 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment has been ground into, mixed, stir, after reacting 36 hours, extremely
Stalk color substantially deepens, stalk fully absorbs acid solution, material is without free acid solution；It is public that calcium magnesium phosphate 700 is added into reactor
Jin, mixing, stirring 24 hours, temperature of charge rises to 87 DEG C (now 23 DEG C of environment temperature)；Again by the stirring, ripe of 48 hours
Change, promote moisture evaporation and appropriate heat drying, the moisture to material is 8.6%；Normal temperature is cooled to, adds urea 300
Kilogram, 180 kilograms of potassium chloride, 100 kilograms of diatomite in powder, be uniformly mixed so as to obtain this production invention product.Meanwhile to be added without in aforementioned formula
Diatomite in powder simultaneously produces reference product in the same way.
Invention product (addition diatomite in powder) and the nutrient and properties of product situation of reference product (being added without diatomite) are shown in
Table 2.
The product nutrient of table 2 and performance condition
| Product | Feedstock treating | Organic matter | Total nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Effective potassium | PH value | Production cycle |
| Invention product | Add diatomite | 31.4% | 7.42% | 4.45% | 4.81% | 7.3 | 5 days |
| Reference product | It is added without diatomite | 32.1% | 7.61% | 4.57% | 4.98% | 7.3 | 5 days |
Field test：To one piece of about 300m in the circulation industrial park of the big exit of valley in Jingmen City, Hubei Province2Conventional wheat arable land,
3 processing are divided into, according to habits fertilization and equivalent fertilization principle, carry out wheat planting experiment.Chemical fertilizer is applied in processing 1, is applied
Fertilizer amount is 43.5 kilograms of urea, 66.5 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 26.5 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and 263 kilograms of reference product is applied in processing 2,
269.5 kilograms of invention product is applied in processing 3, is applied as base manure, secondary top dressing.Harvest wheat yield is respectively 63.3 public
Jin, 67.6 kilograms, 72.8 kilograms, illustrate product of the present invention with inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer basic function simultaneously, because add silicon
Diatomaceous earth powder and improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote the raising of wheat yield.
Embodiment 3
Composition of raw materials：1000 parts of rape stalk, 400 parts of water, 98% 200 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 98% concentrated phosphoric acid 200
Part, 450 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 200 parts of urea, 100 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of diatomite in powder.
Production：400 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 200 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 200 kilograms of 98% nitric acid slowly again, stir, and acid solution is heated to 55 DEG C on the basis of acid solution has warmed up；Add
Pulverization process mixes, stirred, react 12 hours into 1000 kilograms of the rape stalk of 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment
Afterwards, to stalk color substantially deepens, stalk fully absorbs acid solution, material is without free acid solution；Calcium magnesium phosphate is added into reactor
450 kilograms, mixing, stirring 12 hours, temperature of charge rises to 89 DEG C (now 26 DEG C of environment temperature)；Turned over again by 24 hours
Material, curing, promote moisture evaporation and appropriate heat drying, and the moisture to material is 9.7%；Normal temperature is cooled to, adds urine
200 kilograms of element, 100 kilograms of potassium chloride, 60 kilograms of diatomite in powder, are uniformly mixed so as to obtain this product.Meanwhile to be added without in aforementioned formula
Diatomite in powder simultaneously produces reference product in the same way.
Invention product (addition diatomite in powder) and the nutrient and properties of product situation of reference product (being added without diatomite) are shown in
Table 3.
The product nutrient of table 3 and performance condition
| Product | Feedstock treating | Organic matter | Total nitrogen | Available phosphorus | Effective potassium | PH value | Production cycle |
| Invention product | Add diatomite | 39.4% | 7.32% | 3.67% | 4.42% | 6.5 | 4 days |
| Reference product | It is added without diatomite | 40.2% | 7.36% | 3.78% | 4.51% | 6.5 | 4 days |
Field test：One piece of about 120m is chosen in the big exit of valley circulation industrial park in Jingmen City, Hubei Province2Traditional rice field, etc.
It is divided into 3 processing, according to habits fertilization and equivalent fertilization principle, carries out Rice Cropping experiment.Chemical fertilizer is applied in processing 1, is applied fertilizer
Measure and apply 11.3 kilograms of reference product, place for 1.81 kilograms of urea, 2.37 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 1.02 kilograms of potassium sulfate, processing 2
Reason 3 applies 11.4 kilograms of invention product, is applied as top dressing of base manure.Harvest rice yield is respectively 30.6 kilograms,
32.8 kilograms, 34.7 kilograms, illustrate product of the present invention with inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer basic function simultaneously, because add diatom
Native powder and improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote the raising of rice yield.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：It is formulated comprising following raw material by weight：Make 1000 parts of thing stalk, water 400-600 parts, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution 200-300 parts, 98% concentrated nitric acid solution 200-300 parts, calcium and magnesium phosphorus Fertile 450-700 parts, urea 200-300 parts, potassium chloride 100-200 parts, diatomite in powder 60-100 parts.
- 2. crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described crop material includes Rice straw, wheat stalk, broomcorn straw, rape stalk.
- 3. the production method of the crop material composite organic-inorganic fertilizer described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Including as follows Step：（1）Crop material prepares：Crop material is smashed into powdered segment；（2）Crop material acid treatment：The water for being formulated dosage is added in reactor, the concentrated sulfuric acid solution and concentrated nitric acid solution of formula dosage is added slowly, stirs Mix uniformly, and acid solution is heated to 40-55 DEG C；The crop material of formula dosage through pulverization process is added in reactor, Mix, mix thoroughly, handle 12-24 hours；（3）Add calcium magnesium phosphate processing：The calcium magnesium phosphate for being formulated dosage is added in reactor, stir process to temperature no longer rises；（4）Curing, drying process：Crop material material by above-mentioned processing passes through the stirring of 12-48 hours, curing, and appropriate heat drying process, makes The moisture of material is to less than 10%；（5）Add urea, potassium chloride, diatomite in powder：Urea, potassium chloride, the diatomite in powder of formula dosage are added into dried material, mixes, it is organic to obtain crop material Inorganic composite fertilizer.
- 4. production method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（1）For rice straw is smashed into 0.2-0.3 Centimetre powdered segment.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115448803A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-09 | 李东霖 | Preparation and application method of multifunctional organic fertilizer with saline-alkali soil improvement effect |
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| CN115448803A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-09 | 李东霖 | Preparation and application method of multifunctional organic fertilizer with saline-alkali soil improvement effect |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |