CN106225423A - 一种降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法 Download PDF

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CN106225423A
CN106225423A CN201610689384.1A CN201610689384A CN106225423A CN 106225423 A CN106225423 A CN 106225423A CN 201610689384 A CN201610689384 A CN 201610689384A CN 106225423 A CN106225423 A CN 106225423A
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oxygen
nitrogen
liquid nitrogen
liquid
heat exchanger
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CN106225423B (zh
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徐小芹
侯新刚
张育哲
楼旭铼
郑少栋
钟斌
孙松楠
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Yingde Gas Engineering Zhejiang Co ltd
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Zhejiang Zhihai Chemical Equipment Engineering Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04278Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using external refrigeration units, e.g. closed mechanical or regenerative refrigeration units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F25J3/04224Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F25J3/04357Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen and comprising a gas work expansion loop
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42Nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen

Abstract

一种降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法,所述的空分装置主要包括压缩机、分子筛纯化器、透平膨胀机、板式换热器、精馏塔以及连接管路,所述的精馏塔顶部通过氮气接出管路连接于板式换热器,并在该板式换热器的氮气接出口用氮气管路接入一氧氮液化装置,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置后用液氮管路接入液氮储槽;所述的液氮储槽通过液氮接出管路连接一液氮泵,该液氮泵通过液氮连接管路连接于精馏塔的上塔上部;所述的精馏塔上塔底部通过氧气接出管路连接于板式换热器,该板式换热器的氧气接出口用氧气管路连接于氧氮液化装置,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置后用液氧管路接入液氧储槽;本发明具有节能降耗、操作简单的特点,实用性和经济性较之有了显著提高。

Description

一种降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法,适用于低温精馏法分离制氧工艺,属于低温空分技术领域。
背景技术
改革开放以来,我国通过以资源消耗为主的、粗放式的发展模式,实现了经济的高速增长;但这种以牺牲环境为代价的经济发展难以持续。进入新世纪,节能环保和生态文明建设日益受到国家和民众的重视,也成为“十二五”规划的重点内容之一。实践空分装置的节能降耗,不仅可以减少能源消耗、提升企业的经济效益,也是建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会和科学发展的需要。
空分装置的能源消耗主要来自于电耗,而工业电价有峰谷电的特点,且价格差异在2倍左右,充分利用这种差异运行空分能显著的降低企业成本。但是在常规的空分流程中,由于涉及的系统较多,调节上具有滞后性,很难通过频繁的变工况操作来赢取这部分效益。另外,空分流程中的耗电设备主要是压缩机,在下游负荷降低需要减少氧气产品流量时,压缩机通常需要放空或是机组打回流来实现,这在能耗上也是不经济的。
液化装置仅包含压缩、膨胀制冷和换热单元,系统相对独立,变工况操作简单且响应及时,非常适合工业峰谷电的供电特点。在这种背景下,将液化装置与空分装置联合,结合液化装置变工况响应快速的特点,可以实现整个空分装置的低能耗运行以及快速变负荷,在实际运行时,节能增效的潜力非常大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足,而提供一种能够充分利用工业谷电的低价优势,在不影响稳定运行的前提下降低空分的运行成本,增加企业经济效益的降低空分装置能耗的装置及方法。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实施的:一种降低空分装置能耗的装置,所述的空分装置主要包括压缩机、分子筛纯化器、透平膨胀机、板式换热器、精馏塔以及连接管路,所述的精馏塔顶部通过氮气接出管路连接于板式换热器,并在该板式换热器的氮气接出口用氮气管路接入一氧氮液化装置,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置后用液氮管路接入液氮储槽;
所述的液氮储槽通过液氮接出管路连接一液氮泵,该液氮泵通过液氮连接管路连接于精馏塔的上塔上部。
作为优选:所述的精馏塔上塔底部通过氧气接出管路连接于板式换热器,该板式换热器的氧气接出口用氧气管路连接于氧氮液化装置,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置后用液氧管路接入液氧储槽。
一种利用所述装置来降低空分装置能耗的方法,所述的原料氮气从精馏塔的顶部引出,经氮气接出管路进入换热器复热,再经氮气管路进入氧氮液化装置的制冷单元,被冷却成液氮后送入液氮贮槽;在峰电期间,可关停液化装置,利用液氮贮槽来的液氮经液氮泵加压后倒灌至主空分的精馏塔内维持系统冷量平衡,保持主空分液体产量不变;空分装置内的耗电机组可降低负荷或者关停。
作为优选:当空分的氧气负荷降低时,可将多余的氧气通过氧气接出管路送至换热器和液化装置与液氮换热,变成液氧送至液氧贮槽,空压机不需要放空。
本发明所述的空分装置可以是内压缩流程或者是外压缩流程,流程型式和规模不限。液化装置也可根据产液量的不同采用不同的流程组织型式。对于两种流程型式的主空分装置,均可以在维持同样冷量的基础上有效降低压缩机电耗,降低运行成本。
本发明具有能够充分利用工业谷电的低价优势,在不影响稳定运行的前提下降低空分的运行成本,增加企业经济效益等特点。
附图说明
图1 是本发明所述利用液化装置降低空分能耗的流程示意图。
图2是本发明所述利用液化装置调节空分负荷的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作详细的介绍:图1所示,本发明所述的一种降低空分装置能耗的装置,所述的空分装置主要包括压缩机、分子筛纯化器、透平膨胀机、板式换热器、精馏塔以及连接管路,所述的精馏塔10顶部通过氮气接出管路1连接于板式换热器11,并在该板式换热器11的氮气接出口用氮气管路2接入一氧氮液化装置12,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置12后用液氮管路3接入液氮储槽13;
所述的液氮储槽13通过液氮接出管路4连接一液氮泵14,该液氮泵14通过液氮连接管路5连接于精馏塔10 的上塔上部。
图2所示,所述的精馏塔10上塔底部通过氧气接出管路6连接于板式换热器11,该板式换热器11的氧气接出口用氧气管路7连接于氧氮液化装置12,并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置12后用液氧管路8接入液氧储槽15。
一种利用所述装置来降低空分装置能耗的方法,在工业谷电期间,所述的原料氮气GN从精馏塔10的顶部引出,经氮气接出管路1进入换热器11复热,再经氮气管路2进入氧氮液化装置12的制冷单元,被冷却成液氮后送入液氮贮槽13;在峰电期间,可关停液化装置12,利用液氮贮槽13来的液氮经液氮泵14加压后倒灌至主空分的精馏塔10内维持系统冷量平衡,保持主空分液体产量不变;空分装置内的耗电机组可降低负荷或者关停;如图1所示。
本发明进一步的是:当空分的氧气负荷降低时,可将多余的氧气通过氧气接出管路6送至换热器11和液化装置12与液氮换热,变成液氧送至液氧贮槽15,空压机不需要放空;如图2所示。

Claims (4)

1.一种降低空分装置能耗的装置,所述的空分装置主要包括压缩机、分子筛纯化器、透平膨胀机、板式换热器、精馏塔以及连接管路,其特征在于所述的精馏塔(10)顶部通过氮气接出管路(1)连接于板式换热器(11),并在该板式换热器(11)的氮气接出口用氮气管路(2)接入一氧氮液化装置(12),并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置(12)后用液氮管路(3)接入液氮储槽(13);
所述的液氮储槽(13)通过液氮接出管路(4)连接一液氮泵(14),该液氮泵(14)通过液氮连接管路(5)连接于精馏塔(10) 的上塔上部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降低空分装置能耗的装置,其特征在于所述的精馏塔(10)上塔底部通过氧气接出管路(6)连接于板式换热器(11),该板式换热器(11)的氧气接出口用氧气管路(7)连接于氧氮液化装置(12),并在经过所述的氧氮液化装置(12)后用液氧管路(8)接入液氧储槽(15)。
3.一种利用权利要求1或2所述装置来降低空分装置能耗的方法,其特征在于所述的原料氮气GN从精馏塔(10)的顶部引出,经氮气接出管路(1)进入换热器(11)复热,再经氮气管路(2)进入氧氮液化装置(12)的制冷单元,被冷却成液氮后送入液氮贮槽(13);在峰电期间,可关停液化装置(12),利用液氮贮槽(13)来的液氮经液氮泵(14)加压后倒灌至主空分的精馏塔(10)内维持系统冷量平衡,保持主空分液体产量不变;空分装置内的耗电机组可降低负荷或者关停。
4.根据权利要求3所述的降低空分装置能耗的方法,其特征在于:当空分的氧气负荷降低时,可将多余的氧气通过氧气接出管路(6)送至换热器(11)和液化装置(12)与液氮换热,变成液氧送至液氧贮槽(15),空压机不需要放空。
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CN106679333A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-17 清远市联升空气液化有限公司 一种高纯氧制备装置及采用该装置制备高纯氧的方法
CN108960487A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-07 北京天泽智云科技有限公司 基于大数据分析的空压机集群系统能耗优化方法和装置
CN109341193A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-15 杭州凯德空分设备有限公司 一种峰谷电生产液氧液氮装置及方法
CN110160315A (zh) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-23 兰文旭 一种利用夜间廉价电力的液体空分装置及生产方法
CN110319652A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-10-11 杭州杭氧化医工程有限公司 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置
CN114576552A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-06-03 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种空分装置储能生产设备及储能生产方法
CN114593358A (zh) * 2022-01-21 2022-06-07 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种与空分装置耦合进行储能生产的方法及其装置
CN110319652B (zh) * 2019-06-25 2024-05-14 杭州杭氧化医工程有限公司 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置

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