CN106221762A - 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 - Google Patents
一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106221762A CN106221762A CN201610667673.1A CN201610667673A CN106221762A CN 106221762 A CN106221762 A CN 106221762A CN 201610667673 A CN201610667673 A CN 201610667673A CN 106221762 A CN106221762 A CN 106221762A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fixed bed
- hydrogen
- hydrodesulfurization
- sapo
- bed reactors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 tungsten nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910003178 Mo2C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000895 extractive distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 42
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 9
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000016768 molybdenum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- URRHWTYOQNLUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[P] Chemical compound [AlH3].[P] URRHWTYOQNLUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002796 Si–Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000622 liquid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003158 γ-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/12—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/82—Phosphates
- B01J29/84—Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
- B01J29/85—Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1096—Aromatics or polyaromatics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺,焦化粗苯与氢气混合物从塔顶进入预反应器,预反应器中装填有NiMo催化剂,其反应温度为220‑230℃,加氢压力为3.2‑3.8MPa,预反应的产物进入固定床反应器,所述固定床反应器中装填有加氢脱硫催化剂,所述催化剂包括载体和活性组分;所述载体为合成骨架结构中掺入杂原子Cu2+的SAPO‑5;所述活性组分为氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的混合物;所述固定床反应器的反应条件为:反应温度为320‑380℃,氢气压力3.0‑3.6MPa,氢油体积比500‑800,体积空速1.5‑2h‑1;固定床加氢反应后的产物进入萃取蒸馏单元,得到芳烃。该工艺可以将焦化粗苯中的总硫含量降低到0.1ppm以下,能满足其广泛的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种加氢脱硫工艺,具体涉及一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺。
背景技术
焦化是煤炭加工的主要方式之一,通常也称之为煤的高温干馏,即由适合炼焦的烟煤,适当处理后,在焦炉内隔绝空气加热到950-1050℃,经过干燥、热解、烧融、粘结、固化和收缩等阶段最终制得焦炭。炼焦过程中析出的挥发物包括煤气、焦油、氨和粗苯等化学产品。另外,焦化过程中得到的煤焦油中也含有一定量的苯等芳烃。
焦化粗苯精制是以焦化粗苯为原料,经过物理或者化学等方法脱除其中含硫、含氮等有害物质,以便得到可作为原料使用的高纯度苯、甲苯、二甲苯等。目前,我国工业上主要采用酸洗法和加氢脱硫工艺对粗苯进行精制。
催化加氢法作为焦化粗苯化学脱硫方法,是在临氢条件下将噻吩转化成硫化氢和相应的烷烃而脱除,一般分两个步骤,第一步:预加氢反应,主要用常规的催化剂脱除焦化粗苯中的不稳定物质,也可以脱除部分含硫物质;第二步,主加氢反应,脱除焦化粗苯中噻吩、二硫化碳等主要硫化物和有机氮化物。粗苯加氢工艺根据催化反应温度分为高温加氢和低温加氢两种工艺。
高温催化加氢工艺中最典型就是莱托尔法,即Litol法,该工艺是在20世纪60年代由美国胡德利(Hondry)空气产品公司成功开发的一种高温粗苯加氢精制法,后来日本旭化成公司又对其进行了改进,形成了日本Litol高温、高压气相加氢技术。该法首先将粗苯在预分馏塔中分离为轻苯和重苯,轻苯经高压泵进入蒸发器与循环氢气混合后,芳烃蒸汽和氢气混合物从塔顶进入预反应器。该法的加氢条件为:预反应器温度为230℃,压力为5.7MPa,催化剂为CoMo催化剂;主反应器温度为610~630℃,压力为5l0MPa,催化剂为Cr系催化剂。预反应器是在较低温度下(200~250℃)把高温状态下容易聚合的苯乙烯等同系物进行加氢反应,防止其在主反应器内聚合,使催化剂活性降低,在两个主反应器内完成加氢裂解、脱烷基、脱硫等反应。由主反应器排出的油气经冷凝冷却系统,分离出的液体为加氢油,分离出的氢气和低分子烃类脱除H2S后,一部分送往加氢系统,一部分送往转化制氢系统制取氢气。由于Litol工艺可以将苯环上的烷基脱除,因此纯苯产率可以达到114%。
由于Litol法需要在高温高压下操作,又有氢脆(在高温高压下,氢气分解的氢原子渗透到钢材晶粒中,使钢材晶粒间的原子结合力降低,从而降低钢材的延伸率和断面收缩率)和氢腐蚀(在高温高压下,氢分子和氢原子慢慢渗透到钢材材质的缺陷处,聚集成分子缺陷后与周围含碳化合物发生加氢反应),所以对设备要求要高,制造难度较大,需要从国外全套引进。20世纪90年代,我国的宝钢化工一期工程就曾全套引进日本的莱托尔法高温脱烷基加氢工艺,于1986年投产,年处理粗苯5万t,可以得到纯度99.9%、结晶点5.52℃:、全硫含量低于lppm、噻吩含量小于0.5ppm的特号纯苯。河南神马公司随后也全套引进了日本的莱托尔法高温脱烷基加氢工艺。Litol法理论产率91.53%,但从2004年实绩來看却只有88.96%。
低温加氢法主要包括三个关键单元:焦炉煤气变压吸附制纯氢(纯度大于99.9%);催化加氢精制过程(预加氢和主加氢);产品提纯过程(萃取或萃取蒸馏)。由于在焦化粗苯低温加氢工艺中主要得到的产品是芳香烃和非芳香烃,工业上很难直接通过常规的蒸馏方法将其分离出来,加入一定的萃取剂后(萃取剂要求不与其它组分形成共沸物且沸点较高),可以明显地改变各组分在其中的溶解度,从而改变它们的相对挥发度和饱和蒸汽压,再通过蒸馏的方法就可以达到分离产品的作用,工艺上可以分为萃取蒸馏和液/液萃取。
萃取蒸馏加氢法理论产率为99.41%,但2004年实绩来看却只有98.30%。液/液萃取工艺中最具代表性的就是环丁砜法,其理论产率也在99%以上。但上述工艺方法得到的纯苯含硫量均在0.5ppm左右,这对芳烃产品的使用产生很大限制
因此如何提供一种加氢脱硫工艺,能有效将焦化粗苯产品的硫含量控制在0.1ppm以下,以满足其应用标准,是本领域面临的一个难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺,该工艺可以将焦化粗苯中的总硫含量降低到0.1ppm以下,最低到0.05ppm,以满足产品的应用要求。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺,焦化粗苯与氢气混合物从塔顶进入预反应器,预反应器中装填有NiMo催化剂,其反应温度为220-230℃,加氢压力为3.2-3.8MPa,其产物随后进入固定床反应器,所述固定床反应器中装填有加氢脱硫催化剂,所述催化剂包括载体和活性组分。
所述载体为合成骨架结构中掺入杂原子Cu2+的SAPO-5。
所述活性组分为氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的混合物。
所述固定床反应器的反应条件为:反应温度为320-380℃,氢气压力3.0-3.6MPa,氢油体积比500-800,体积空速1.5-2h-1。
固定床加氢反应后的产物进入萃取蒸馏单元,得到芳烃。
经过检测,得到的芳烃中全硫含量低于0.1ppm,产品的纯度也大于99.9%。
需要说明的是,本发明采用的焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺中,预加氢反应采用常规设备及工艺,本发明对焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺的改进,更多的体现在主加氢反应的设计。
SAPO-5分子筛是磷酸硅铝(SAPO)系列分子筛中的一种,它的孔道系统是由六方对称性的四元环与六元环构成的十二元环构成的,具有大孔径结构,其孔径为0.8nm。SAPO-5分子筛酸性温和,并且具有微弱的可调节性,还具有阳离子交换能力。某种程度上,其物化性质不仅具有铝磷酸盐分子筛的特性,并且还类似于硅铝沸石的特性。由于其具有新型的晶体结构、良好的热稳定性和水热稳定性,在间二甲苯异构化和正己烷催化裂解等反应中具有广泛应用。但其用于加氢精制而不是加氢裂解领域,鲜见文献报道。
本发明经过在众多磷酸硅铝分子筛中,比如SAPO-11、SAPO-17、SAPO-20、SAPO-31、SAPO-34、SAPO-44、SAPO-46、SAPO-47等,逐一进行对比试验选择,发现只有SAPO-5能够达到本发明的发明目的,其他介孔材料都有这样那样的缺陷,在应用到本发明中时存在难以克服的技术困难,因此本发明选择将用于加氢裂化的SAPO-5改性转做用于加氢精制的载体基础。
发明人经过研究发现,对于影响磷酸硅铝分子筛性能的硅铝比、磷铝比,在本发明中,经改性之后,硅铝比和磷铝比的变化对加氢精制效果影响较小,因此本发明不再对硅铝比和磷铝比进行限定。为便于说明本发明,一般将其限定为摩尔比均小于1。
由于现有的SAPO-5分子筛催化温度高,且易导致原料加氢裂解,因此,本发明对其进行改性,以增加其催化活性,降低催化温度并使其适用于催化精制,减少加氢裂化。本发明对SAPO-5介孔分子筛改性的途径是:向成品的全硅SAPO-5介孔分子筛孔道内表面引入Cu2+,这种途径可以通过离子交换将Cu2+负载在SAPO-5的内表面,从而在整体上改善了SAPO-5介孔分子筛的催化活性、吸附以及热力学稳定性能等。
尽管对SAPO-5介孔分子筛进行改性的方法或途径很多,发明人发现,本发明的催化剂只能采用掺杂Cu2+的SAPO-5作为载体才能实现硫含量控制与辛烷值损失的平衡,发明人尝试了在SAPO-5中掺杂:Ca2+、Fe3+、Zn2+、Ti2+、Ga3+以及碱金属等产生阴离子表面中心的离子,发现都不能实现所述效果。尽管所述机理目前并不清楚,但这并不影响本发明的实施,发明人根据已知理论与实验证实,其与本发明的活性成分之间存在协同效应。
所述活性组分的总含量为载体SAPO-5重量的1%-15%,优选3-12%,进一步优选5-10%。例如,所述含量可以为2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%、4%、4.5%、5%、5.5%、6%、6.5%、7%、7.5%、8%、8.5%、9%、9.5%、10%、10.5%、11%、11.5%、12%、12.5%、13%、13.5%、14%、14.5%等。
本发明中,特别限定活性组分为氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的混合比例,发明人发现,不同的混合比例达到的效果完全不同。发明人发现,氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的混合比例(摩尔比)为1:(0.4-0.6):(0.28-0.45):(0.8-1.2),只有控制氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的摩尔比在该范围内,才能够实现焦化粗苯中含硫量控制在0.1ppm以下。也就是说,本发明的四种活性组分只有在摩尔比为1:(0.4-0.6):(0.28-0.45):(0.8-1.2)时,才具备协同效应。除开该摩尔比范围之外,或者省略或者替换任意一种组分,都不能实现协同效应。
优选的,氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的摩尔比为1:(0.45-0.5):(0.35-0.45):(0.8-1.0),进一步优选为1:(0.45-0.48):(0.4-0.45):(0.9-1.0),最优选1:0.48:0.42:0.95。
所述催化剂的制备方法可以采取常规的浸渍法以及其他替代方法,本领域技术人员可以根据其掌握的现有技术自由选择,本发明不再赘述。
优选的,所述固定床反应器的反应条件为:反应温度为340-360℃,氢气压力3.2-3.4MPa,氢油体积比600-800,体积空速1.5-1.8h-1。
优选的,所述固定床反应器包括1-5个催化剂床层,进一步优选2-3个催化剂床层。
本发明的焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺通过选取特定的催化剂,所述催化剂通过掺入杂原子Cu2+的SAPO-5作为载体,以及选取特定比例的氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC作为活性成分,使得该催化剂产生协同效应,对焦化粗苯的加氢脱硫能控制在总硫含量低于0.1ppm。
具体实施方式
本发明通过下述实施例对本发明的加氢脱硫工艺进行说明。
实施例1
通过浸渍法制备得到催化剂,载体为掺杂Cu2+的SAPO-5,Cu2+在SAPO-5中的掺杂量控制在载体质量的0.65%。所述活性组分氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的总含量为载体质量的10%,其摩尔比为1:0.4:0.3:0.8。
将所述催化剂装填入固定床反应器,所述反应器的反应管由内径50mm的不锈钢制成,催化剂床层温度用UGU808型温控表测量,原材料轻质油由北京卫星制造厂制造的双柱塞微量泵连续输送,氢气由高压气瓶供给并用北京七星华创D07-11A/ZM气体质量流量计控制流速,催化剂装填量为2kg。
焦化粗苯与氢气混合物从塔顶进入预反应器,预反应器中装填有NiMo催化剂,其反应温度为230℃,加氢压力为3.5MPa,其产物随后进入所述固定床反应器。控制主反应条件为:反应温度为340℃,氢气压力3.4MPa,氢油体积比650,体积空速1.5h-1。得到的产物随后进入萃取蒸馏单元,萃取溶剂采用环丁砜,萃取温度控制在100℃,萃取压力控制在200kPa。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量降低到0.07ppm。
实施例2
通过浸渍法制备得到催化剂,载体为掺杂Cu2+的SAPO-5,Cu2+在SAPO-5中的掺杂量控制在载体质量的0.7%。所述活性组分氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的总含量为载体质量的10%,其摩尔比为1:0.6:0.45):1.2。
其余条件与实施例1相同。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量降低到0.06ppm。
对比例1
将实施例1的载体替换为γ-Al2O3,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为10ppm。
对比例2
将实施例1的载体替换为未掺杂的SAPO-5,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为8ppm。
对比例3
将实施例1的Cu2+替换为Zn2+,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为12ppm。
对比例4
将实施例1中的Cu2+在SAPO-5中的掺杂量控制在载体质量的0.5%,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为16ppm。
对比例5
将实施例1中的Cu2+在SAPO-5中的掺杂量控制在载体质量的0.8%,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为12ppm。
实施例1与对比例1-5表明,本申请采用的特定含量范围和特定负载金属离子的SAPO-5载体,当替换为本领域的其他已知载体时,或者载体相同但Cu2+掺杂量不同时,均达不到本发明的技术效果,因此本发明的特定含量范围的Cu2+掺杂SAPO-5载体与催化剂其他组分之间具备协同效应,所述加氢脱硫工艺产生了预料不到的技术效果。
对比例6
省略实施例1中的MO2N,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为9ppm。
对比例7
省略实施例1中的WC,其余条件不变。
测试最终的产品,其总硫含量为14ppm。
上述实施例及对比例6-7说明,本发明的加氢脱硫工艺的催化剂几种活性组分之间存在特定的联系,省略或替换其中一种或几种,都不能达到本申请的特定效果,证明其产生了协同效应。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的工艺,但本发明并不局限于上述工艺,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细催化剂才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,焦化粗苯与氢气混合物从塔顶进入预反应器,预反应器中装填有NiMo催化剂,其反应温度为220-230℃,加氢压力为3.2-3.8MPa,预反应的产物进入固定床反应器,所述固定床反应器中装填有加氢脱硫催化剂,所述催化剂包括载体和活性组分;所述载体为合成骨架结构中掺入杂原子Cu2+的SAPO-5;所述活性组分为氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的混合物;所述固定床反应器的反应条件为:反应温度为320-380℃,氢气压力3.0-3.6MPa,氢油体积比500-800,体积空速1.5-2h-1;固定床加氢反应后的产物进入萃取蒸馏单元,得到芳烃。
2.如权利要求1所述的加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,杂原子Cu2+的掺杂量为SAPO-5重量的0.63%-0.72%。
3.如权利要求1所述的加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,所述活性组分的总含量为载体SAPO-5重量的3-12%,优选5-10%。
4.如权利要求1所述的加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,氮化二钼MO2N、氮化钨W2N、碳化钼Mo2C和碳化钨WC的摩尔比为1:(0.45-0.5):(0.35-0.45):(0.8-1.0),进一步优选为1:(0.45-0.48):(0.4-0.45):(0.9-1.0),最优选1:0.48:0.42:0.95。
5.如权利要求1所述的加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,所述固定床反应器的反应条件为:反应温度为340-360℃,氢气压力3.2-3.4MPa,氢油体积比600-800,体积空速1.5-1.8h-1。
6.如权利要求1所述的加氢脱硫工艺,其特征在于,所述固定床反应器包括1-5个催化剂床层,优选包括2-3个催化剂床层。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610667673.1A CN106221762A (zh) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610667673.1A CN106221762A (zh) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106221762A true CN106221762A (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=57548555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610667673.1A Pending CN106221762A (zh) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106221762A (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1262969A (zh) * | 2000-03-02 | 2000-08-16 | 南开大学 | TiO2为载体负载金属氮化物Mo2N的催化剂 |
CN1470327A (zh) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-01-28 | 北京石油化工学院 | 一种金属氮化物催化剂制备方法及催化剂 |
CN1895777A (zh) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-17 | 北京化工大学 | 一种组装碳化物的介孔分子筛催化剂及其制备方法 |
WO2013149014A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Wayne State University | Bimetal catalysts |
CN105251527A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种复合分子筛以及由其作为载体制成的加氢脱硫催化剂 |
-
2016
- 2016-08-12 CN CN201610667673.1A patent/CN106221762A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1262969A (zh) * | 2000-03-02 | 2000-08-16 | 南开大学 | TiO2为载体负载金属氮化物Mo2N的催化剂 |
CN1470327A (zh) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-01-28 | 北京石油化工学院 | 一种金属氮化物催化剂制备方法及催化剂 |
CN1895777A (zh) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-17 | 北京化工大学 | 一种组装碳化物的介孔分子筛催化剂及其制备方法 |
WO2013149014A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Wayne State University | Bimetal catalysts |
CN105251527A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种复合分子筛以及由其作为载体制成的加氢脱硫催化剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (14)
Title |
---|
F•维拉尼: "《稀土技术及其应用》", 31 July 1986, 烃加工出版社 * |
中国石油化工集团公司人事部,等: "《加氢裂化装置操作工》", 30 September 2008, 中国石化出版社 * |
何鸣元,等: "《石油炼制和基本有机化学品合成的绿色化学》", 31 January 2006, 中国石化出版社 * |
姜琳琳: "全馏分FCC汽油加氢改质中改性MCM-41催化性能研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
崔克清,等: "《化工工艺及安全》", 31 May 2004, 化学工业出版社 * |
张文成: "改性MCM-41 分子筛的制备及加氢催化性能研究", 《第十一届全国青年催化学术会议论文集(下)》 * |
李静海,等: "《展望21世纪的化学工程》", 31 October 2004, 化学工业出版社 * |
林世雄: "《石油炼制工程(第三版)》", 31 July 2000, 化学工业出版社 * |
王基铭: "《石油炼制辞典》", 30 September 2013, 中国石化出版社 * |
王海彦,等: "《石油加工工艺学》", 31 January 2014, 中国石化出版社 * |
王福安,等: "《绿色过程工程引论》", 31 October 2002, 化学工业出版社 * |
王雷,等: "《炼油工艺学》", 31 August 2011, 中国石化出版社 * |
邝生鲁: "《现代精细化工高新技术与产品合成工艺》", 31 December 1997, 科学技术文献出版社 * |
阎子峰: "《纳米催化技术》", 31 May 2003, 化学工业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106221794A (zh) | 一种选择性加氢脱硫方法 | |
CN104031679A (zh) | 一种由石脑油生产烯烃和芳烃的方法 | |
KR20090015055A (ko) | 디시클로펜타디엔의 제조 방법 | |
CN106244228A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
JP6772382B2 (ja) | ヘキサデカヒドロピレンの製造方法 | |
CN106221762A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106281445A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106221771A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106244227A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106318451A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106367115A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106380366A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106318449A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106244201A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106281430A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN108368002A (zh) | 提高芳烃联合装置中的总芳烃和二甲苯收率的方法 | |
CN106244203A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106433757A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106281429A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106398754A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106345518A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106380367A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106281428A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106380365A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 | |
CN106318454A (zh) | 一种焦化粗苯加氢脱硫工艺 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20161214 |