CN106216745B - A kind of laser heating auxiliary milling attachment that can monitor tool wear in real time - Google Patents
A kind of laser heating auxiliary milling attachment that can monitor tool wear in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN106216745B CN106216745B CN201610605407.6A CN201610605407A CN106216745B CN 106216745 B CN106216745 B CN 106216745B CN 201610605407 A CN201610605407 A CN 201610605407A CN 106216745 B CN106216745 B CN 106216745B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P25/00—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress
- B23P25/003—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress immediately preceding a cutting tool
- B23P25/006—Heating the workpiece by laser during machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laser heating auxiliary milling attachment that can monitor tool wear in real time, including milling attachment, laser heating device, real-time monitoring devices；The milling attachment includes CNC milling machine workbench, milling cutter, the workpiece being fixed on the CNC milling machine workbench；The laser heating device includes laser focusing head, and the laser focusing head is by the surface of laser light incident to workpiece；The real-time monitoring device includes multiple acoustic emission sensors, signal processing module, digital sampling and processing, industrial personal computer, the acoustic emission sensor is mounted on workpiece and detects acoustic emission signal of the milling cutter in milling state, the acoustical signal is stored in after signal processing module and digital sampling and processing processing in industrial personal computer, after processing and analysis, the milling cutter grinding away over time state is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cutter abrasion detection device, especially a kind of laser heating that can monitor tool wear in real time
Assist milling attachment.
Background technology
Laser-assisted machining technology is the workpiece surface focused on high-power laser beam before cutting edge, in material quilt
In short time before excision, will be locally heated to very high temperature makes the machinability of material change at high temperature, then adopts
It is processed with cutter.By carrying out the heating of local tiny area to material, bending for material is made while improving material plasticity
Strength reduction is taken, cutting force is reduced, tool life inhibits Serrated Chip Formation to generate, cutting chatter prevented, to reach
To the purpose for improving processing efficiency, reducing cost, increasing surface quality.
Laser heating auxiliary milling is a kind of mode of laser-assisted machining.Since milling is an intermittent cut
Journey, workpiece are easier the percussion of cutter to cause tool damage, and therefore, laser heating auxiliary milling technology, which can reduce, to be cut
Power is cut, impact of the cutter to workpiece is reduced, cutter life is improved and improves machined surface quality.Foreign scholar closes tungsten chromium cobalt
Golden material has carried out laser heating auxiliary milling test research, it was demonstrated that the advantages of heating auxiliary milling, can be processed improving
Tool wear is reduced while efficiency.In terms of the ceramic material that brittleness is big, difficulty of processing is high, auxiliary milling is heated using laser
Technology can make material by Transition of Brittleness be plasticity, significantly reduce cutting force in process, and chip becomes continuous, and
To good finished surface.However, the material of laser heating Milling Process is usually aerospace difficult-to-machine material, even if adopting
It is processed with laser heating milling, cutter wear has large effect also than more serious, for the processing quality of part, together
When need frequently remove cutter carry out cutter wear value measurement, processing efficiency greatly reduces, while also bringing milling cutter
Secondary the problem of positioning when being loaded.
In view of drawbacks described above, creator of the present invention obtains this creation finally by prolonged research and practice.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is design it is a set of can monitor tool wear in real time laser heating auxiliary milling attachment, to gram
Take drawbacks described above.
To realize that this purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are, tool wear can be monitored in real time by devising one kind
Laser heating auxiliary milling attachment, including milling attachment, laser heating device, real-time monitoring device；
The milling attachment includes CNC milling machine workbench 1, milling cutter 5, the work being fixed on the CNC milling machine workbench 1
Part 3；
The laser heating device includes laser focusing head 8, and the laser focusing head 8 is by laser light incident to the table of workpiece 3
Face；
The real-time monitoring device includes acoustic emission sensor unit 4, signal processing module 11, digital sampling and processing
12, industrial personal computer 13；
The acoustic emission sensor unit 4 includes multiple acoustic emission sensors, and the multiple acoustic emission sensor is mounted on
On workpiece 3 and acoustical signal of the milling cutter 5 in milling state is detected, the acoustical signal is adopted through signal processing module 11 and data
Collection processing module 12 is stored in after handling in industrial personal computer 13, by handling and analyzing, obtains 5 grinding away over time state of the milling cutter.
Preferably, the digital sampling and processing 12 includes A/D converter, amplifier and data processor, the A/D
Converter converts after digital signal the acoustical signal received to and passes to data processor through amplifier.The data processor
It receives the data of the amplifier output and Screening Treatment is carried out to these data.
Preferably, the data processor is to the Screening Treatment process of data：
The average value of acoustical signal data is calculated, formula is：
Acoustical signal data threshold W is setminAnd Wmax
Wmin=S (1-m%)
Wmax=S (1+m%)
Work as Wmin<Sx<WmaxWhen, the data S that is obtainedxIn set threshold range, then the data retain；
Work as Sx>WmaxOr Sx<Wmin, the data S that is obtainedxNot in the threshold range of the setting, then the data are deleted.
In formula, S is the average value of acoustical signal data, SXFor the acoustical signal data that x-th of acoustic emission sensor obtains, X
For acoustic emission sensor quantity, m is the constant of setting, WminAnd WmaxFor acoustical signal data threshold.
Preferably, the real-time monitoring device further includes current sensor, the motor phase of the current sensor and main shaft
Even, and the current signal of the spindle motor received is sent to signal processing module 11 by cable.
Preferably, the industrial personal computer 13 includes terminal control module, the terminal control module is by real-time state of wear
It is compared with predetermined threshold value, if will carry out alarm more than threshold value replaces milling cutter 5.
Preferably, being connected with preamplifier between the acoustic emission sensor unit 4 and signal processing module 11.
Preferably, the signal processing module 11 is made of signal amplitude adjustment circuit, filter, differential amplifier.
Preferably, the laser heating device further includes temperature field finite element simulation module, the temperature field finite element is imitative
True module optimizes laser heating process parameter.
Preferably, the milling attachment further include numerical control rotary table or with two-dimensional movement workbench.
Preferably, the laser heating device, which further includes focus head, fixes adjusting apparatus 7, optical fiber 9, laser 10, it is described
Laser 10, which can export the laser of prescribed energy and be conducted by the optical fiber 9, enters the laser focusing head 8, the laser
Focus head 8 is fixed on the focus head and fixes on adjusting apparatus 7, and the focus head fixes adjusting apparatus 7 and is fixed on lathe milling
It is straight by adjusting focus head fixation adjusting apparatus 7 change laser light incident direction and the hot spot for being incident on workpiece surface on head
Diameter size.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) acoustic emission signal and current signal detection technique being capable of laser easy to implement as effective non-destructive testing technology
Milling cutter mill is greatly saved the advantages that being not necessarily to shut down during monitoring in the on-line monitoring of heating auxiliary milling, and high sensitivity
The efficiency damaged the time of monitoring, improve laser heating auxiliary milling.
(2) signal acquired to multiple acoustic emission sensors by data processor screens so that the signal of acquisition
Data are more accurate.
(3) signal processing module can reject the influence of other ambient noises in actual processing or experimentation, from
And only there is preferable selectivity to analyze the high frequency stage of our acoustic emission signals of concern, realizing industrial automation side
Face has relatively broad application prospect.
(4) acoustic emission equipment is simple, and only need to collect achievement on the basis of original laser heats auxiliary milling attachment can be real
Existing laser heating auxiliary milling cutter wear and damaged on-line monitoring.
(5) system analyzes the signal of acquisition by wavelet transformation in real time, can adjust laser in time and cut
It cuts parameter and real-time compensation is carried out to cutter wear, ensure the requirement for fully meeting Workpiece Machining Accuracy in milling process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of laser heating auxiliary milling attachment schematic diagram having monitoring cutter grinding away over time；
Digital representation in figure：
1-CNC milling machine workbench；2-fixtures；3-workpiece；4-acoustic emission sensors；5-milling cutters；6-main shafts；7—
Laser focusing head adjusting apparatus；8-laser focusing heads；9-optical fiber；10-lasers；11-signal processing modules；12-data
Acquisition processing module；13-industrial personal computers.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with implementation and attached drawing, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram for the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment having monitoring cutter grinding away over time, the device packet
Include CNC milling machine workbench 1, fixture 2, workpiece 3, acoustic emission sensor unit 4, milling cutter 5, milling machine spindle 6, laser focusing head tune
Engagement positions 7, laser focusing head 8, optical fiber 9, laser 10, signal processing module 11, digital sampling and processing 12, industrial personal computer
13。
The wherein described workpiece 3 is fixed on after being mounted on fixture 2 on CNC milling machine workbench 1 together, in the top of workpiece 3
For milling cutter 5, milling cutter 5 is fixed on milling machine spindle 6, and the acoustic emission sensor unit 4 includes multiple acoustic emission sensors, at this
Acoustic emission sensor is 3 in embodiment, and the acoustic emission sensor is mounted on the side edge of workpiece 3 and as close to cutting
At point, when installation, makes acoustic emission sensor be close to workpiece 3, in order to preferably receive acoustic emission signal.Laser 10 passes through tune
Current can export the laser of prescribed energy, and laser enters laser focusing head 8 by the conduction of optical fiber 9, and laser focusing head 8 is fixed
It is fixed on adjusting apparatus 7 in focus head, focus head is fixed adjusting apparatus 7 and is fixed on lathe milling head, the laser focusing head 8
By laser light incident to the surface of workpiece 3, fixes adjusting apparatus 7 by adjusting the focus head and change laser light incident direction and incidence
In the spot diameter size of workpiece surface.Signal processing module 11, digital sampling and processing 12 are located at acoustic emission sensor list
Between member 4 and industrial personal computer 13, between industrial personal computer 13 and milling machine table 1, digital sampling and processing 12, acoustic emission sensor list
Pass through cable connection between member 4 and signal processing module 11 and digital sampling and processing 12.
At runtime, control laser 10 adjusts laser power to the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment of the present invention, opens light
Lock makes cutting zone temperature reach processing request by preheating, and laser enters laser focusing head 8, focus head by the conduction of optical fiber 9
Fixed adjusting apparatus 7 can adjust laser light incident direction and be incident on the spot diameter size on 3 surface of workpiece.The laser
10 be CO2Laser, YAG laser or semiconductor laser.Wherein YAG laser has output wave length, is conducive to metal
Absorption of the material to laser, and it is suitable for fiber optic conduction, the advantages that capable of easily being integrated with traditional machine tool.
It is flat that the acoustic emission sensor unit 4, signal processing module 11 and digital sampling and processing 12 belong to hardware
Platform, for realizing signal acquisition, detection and digitlization.In milling process, milling cutter 5 will produce a kind of elastic wave in rupture,
This elastic wave is propagated from the form of the energy released by solid when generating plastic deformation and rupture is converted into sound wave
, it can be very good to detect the sound wave by 3 acoustic emission sensors.Acoustic emission sensor heats laser and assists
The signal of specific frequency carries out real time on-line monitoring in milling process, and detected acoustical signal then passes to signal processing mould
The acoustical signal received export after range-adjusting, analog filtering and difference convert by block 11, the signal processing module 11,
Treated, and signal enters digital sampling and processing 12 is post-processed, the data post-processed through digital sampling and processing 12
Finally it is transferred to industrial personal computer 13.On the software processing analysis platform LabVIEW of industrial personal computer 13, data are processed and displayed out
Waveform.Judge the signal of a certain frequency band of interest, and wavelet decomposition is made to the signal in the frequency band, by original signal point
Different frequency range is solved, the degree that milling cutter 5 is worn is judged according to the energy of decomposed signal, adjusts laser and cutting parameter in time to milling
The abrasion of knife 5 carries out real-time compensation, ensures the requirement for fully meeting machining accuracy during the cutting process.After processing is completed, light is closed
Lock stops acquisition acoustic emission signal.
The digital sampling and processing 12 includes A/D converter, amplifier and data processor.The A/D converter
After the signal for receiving the signal processing module 11, it is translated into after digital signal and transmits data processor through amplifier.
The data processor receives the data of the amplifier output and carries out Screening Treatment to these data, and handling result is defeated
Go out to industrial personal computer 13.Since when laser heats auxiliary milling attachment work, the vibration of lathe or noise etc. all can back drop hairs
It penetrates sensor and receives acoustical signal so that be mixed with many interference signals among measuring signal, these interference signals can make to described
There is deviation in the judgement of 5 abrasion condition of milling cutter, therefore the data processor needs to measure acoustic emission sensor each time
Data are screened, and are obtained and measured acoustical signal S1.The acoustical signal data that x-th of acoustic emission sensor obtains are SX, then pass through institute
The average value for stating the acoustical signal data that acoustic emission sensor unit 4 is obtained is S, then the calculation formula of the S is：
Acoustical signal data threshold W is setminAnd Wmax
Wmin=S (1-m%)
Wmax=S (1+m%)
Work as Wmin<Sx<WmaxWhen, the data S that is obtainedxIn set threshold range, then the data retain；
Work as Sx>WmaxOr Sx<Wmin, the data S that is obtainedxNot in the threshold range of the setting, then the data are deleted.
In formula, S is the average value of acoustical signal data, SXFor the acoustical signal data that x-th of acoustic emission sensor obtains, X
For acoustic emission sensor quantity, m is the constant of setting, WminAnd WmaxFor acoustical signal data threshold.The constant m can be according to reality
Border situation is configured, and in the present embodiment, the constant m values are set as 10-30.When X sound emission in the milling cutter 5 passes
When the acoustical signal data that sensor obtains are not in threshold value, the data processor carries out delete processing, the milling to the Sx of acquisition
When the acoustical signal data that X acoustic emission sensor in knife 5 obtains are in threshold value, the data processor to the Sx of acquisition then into
Thus lathe vibrations or noise and different can be discharged in milling process in row reservation process, and then obtain the measurement acoustical signal S needed
Object etc. is influenced caused by measurement.Compared with the prior art, which is calculated by the formula of quantization, process letter
Single, execution is motivated, calculates rapid and makes obtained data more accurate.
The abrasion of milling cutter 5 is a progressive process in milling attachment, and variation is slower, in conventional machining, worker
It can estimate 5 degree of wear of milling cutter according to the vibration of lathe or noise and cutting state etc..But in automating process, then
Need system be capable of automatic decision milling cutter 5 the degree of wear and in time replace milling cutter 5, to avoid due to 5 wear extent of milling cutter it is excessive
Caused by processing quality decline, while improving production efficiency, reduce labor cost.Compared with other non-destructive monitoring methods, sound
Launch monitor has sensor simple installation, signal frequency abundant information, does not influence that process, that dynamic detection etc. can be achieved is excellent
Point.And acoustic-emission monitoring is the high frequency elastic stress wave signal sent out when the abrasion of milling cutter 5 and breakage, is avoided processed
Vibration and the seriously polluted low frequency range of audio signal in journey, sensitivity is higher in high frequency region, strong antijamming capability, while by milling
The influence for cutting 5 geometric parameter of parameter and milling cutter is smaller, damaged to milling cutter 5 very sensitive, and acoustic emission monitor(ing) milling cutter 5 is worn and swashed
Light heating auxiliary milling integrates, this technology of laser heating milling is enabled to play maximum economic benefit.Experiment
Show this method strong operability, is conducive to promote and apply in real-time monitoring.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of the above embodiment, the real-time monitoring device further includes current sensor, the current sense
Device is connected with the motor of main shaft, and the current signal of the spindle motor received is sent to signal processing module by cable
11.The current signal and acoustic emission signal handled by signal processing module 11 is passed through final after digital sampling and processing 12
It send to industrial personal computer 13, the industrial personal computer 13 selects acquisition and analysis platform of the LabVIEW softwares as data, passes through wavelet transformation
Current signal and acoustic emission signal for acquisition carry out real-time analyzing processing, and damaged with predetermined threshold value multilevel iudge milling cutter 5
Situation.In metal milling process, corresponding variation can occur with the increase of 5 wear extent of milling cutter for Milling Force, be believed using Milling Force
It number may be implemented the monitoring of 5 state of wear of milling cutter, but the high cost impact of the Milling Force measuring instrument practical application of this method
Value；The variation of Milling Force can cause the change of motor output torque, to make current of electric change, therefore utilize motor
Current signal can realize the monitoring to 5 state of wear of milling cutter indirectly.It since current sensor is at low cost, is easily installed, therefore
Current monitoring method has good application foundation.But individually current signal is not only related with tool wear, also joins with milling
Number, part material, material of cutting-tool are related, and current signal is used alone and judges that cutter wear situation reliability is poor.And sound is sent out
Penetrate signal be excited optical parameter, milling parameter and milling cutter geometric parameter influence it is smaller.Therefore, it is sent out in conjunction with current signal harmony
Signal is penetrated, more information can be obtained so that is more comprehensively and reliable to the judgement of cutter wear situation.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of the above embodiment, the industrial personal computer 13 includes terminal control module.The industrial personal computer 13 is selected
Acquisition and analysis platform of the LabVIEW softwares as data carry out at real-time analysis the signal of acquisition by wavelet transformation
It is real to the abrasion progress of milling cutter 5 to adjust laser and cutting parameter by terminal control module and predetermined threshold value multilevel iudge in time for reason
When compensate, ensure to fully meet the requirement of machining accuracy during the cutting process, if more than alarming if threshold value terminal control module, carry
It wakes up and replaces milling cutter 5.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of the above embodiment, it is connected between the acoustic emission sensor unit 4 and signal processing module 11
There is preamplifier.The signal voltage of sensor output is very low, these faint signal signal strengths after long distance transmission
Decaying needs to improve signal to a certain extent by preamplifier, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of signal.In acoustic emission system,
Preamplifier controls the size of whole system noise, and preamplifier occupies an important position.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of the above embodiment, the signal processing module 11 is by signal amplitude adjustment circuit, filter, difference
Dynamic amplifier composition, by the acoustic emission signal of preamplifier amplification first after signal amplitude adjustment circuit, sound at this time
Transmitting signal, current signal are mingled with various noises, filter out impurity by filter, are finally converted signal by differential amplifier
At the receptible differential signal of A/D converters institute.Differential amplifier be by filtered signal become two-way differential wave+
OUTPUT and-OUTPUT, this two paths of signals phase with one another differ 180 degree, also eliminate certain common mode interference in this way.
Embodiment 6
On the basis of the above embodiment, the laser heating device further includes temperature field finite element simulation module.This
The method for the suitable technological parameter of selection that invention proposes is that the result based on finite element model carries out selection optimization.Cutting region
Domain temperature is the laser heating auxiliary most important parameter of milling, reflects the softening degree of local ob, selected parameter needs
Ensure cutting zone temperature in a certain range, it is higher directly to obtain suitable technological parameter cost by the method for experiment, and
Time is saved using the method for emulation, reduces cost, and suitable technological parameter can be obtained.According to the size of practical work piece
Model partition grid is established, laser is regarded as surface heat flow, loads heat radiation and convection boundary condition, and measure by temperature
Experiment revises the boundary after condition, you can obtains accurate temperature distribution prediction model.Technique can be selected according to pilot system use
Parameter is emulated, and using cutting zone temperature as optimization aim, selects feature in conjunction with the technological parameter of milling, you can obtain final
Working process parameter.
By temperature field finite element simulation select optimization processing technology parameter, can obtain laser power, cutting speed, into
To amount, feed speed, preheating time, laser spot center apart from technological parameters such as milling cutter centre distances.
Embodiment 7
On the basis of the above embodiment, the milling attachment further include numerical control rotary table or with two-dimensional movement work
Make platform.The relative position of laser and milling cutter can not adjust in laser heating auxiliary milling process, and it is opposite which results in Working positions
It is only a direction in milling cutter.For having the isostructural complex part of complicated groove, cavity, only clamping could reach again
The purpose heated and softened to laser, this just significantly limits the application range of the technology.Therefore the present invention adds for different
Work workpiece and original CNC milling machine increase rotary table or with two-dimensional movement workbench.In Numerical-control Milling Machines workbench
A numerical control rotary table is placed on 1, has the function that change workpiece relative direction, while two dimensional surface workbench being positioned over
On numerical control rotary table, have the function that change workpiece relative position.
Specific implementation mode is：For processing linear, requirement on machining accuracy is high or existing milling machine cannot meet the requirements
Occasion.Increase rotary table on Numerical-control Milling Machines, adjusts good position first and process in one direction, when processing side
To when needing to change, milling cutter 5 is promoted, and optical gate is closed, and rotary table rotates to next position, so that machine direction and laser
Incident direction is identical, while CNC milling machine workbench 1 is moved to postrotational Working position, and milling cutter 5 carries out next after falling
The processing of position.But since laser light incident relative position can not adjust at any time in process, it is only capable of processing linear track；
For needing processing curve, the processing fragile material or higher occasion of requirement on machining accuracy.Two-dimensional movement workbench is positioned over
On rotary table, CNC milling machine machine tool chief axis 6 and rotary table central coaxial, rotary table is during rotation
Only change the direction of processing, do not change the position of 5 relative two dimensional mobile work platform of milling cutter, can ensure that laser light incident is opposite at this time
Position can adjust at any time in process, therefore can meet the processing request of curvilinear path.In process workpiece with
Mobile work platform movement, the relative angle for changing laser light incident position and workpiece, laser facula position are rotated with rotary table
It sets and haves no need to change.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and not restrictive
's.Those skilled in the art understand that in the spirit and scope defined by the claims in the present invention many changes can be carried out to it,
It changes or even equivalent, but falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of laser heating auxiliary milling attachment that can monitor tool wear in real time, which is characterized in that including milling attachment, swash
Optical heating device, real-time monitoring device；
The milling attachment includes CNC milling machine workbench (1), milling cutter (5), is fixed on the CNC milling machine workbench (1)
Workpiece (3)；
The laser heating device includes laser focusing head (8), and the laser focusing head (8) is by laser light incident to workpiece (3)
Surface；
The real-time monitoring device includes acoustic emission sensor unit (4), Signal-regulated kinase (11), digital sampling and processing
(12), industrial personal computer (13)；
The acoustic emission sensor unit (4) includes multiple acoustic emission sensors, and the multiple acoustic emission sensor is mounted on work
Acoustical signal of the milling cutter (5) in milling state is detected on part (3), the acoustical signal is through signal processing module (11) and data
It is stored in industrial personal computer (13) after acquisition processing module (12) processing, by handling and analyzing, show that the milling cutter (5) is ground in real time
Damage state；
The real-time monitoring device further includes current sensor, and the current sensor is connected with the motor of main shaft, and will be received
To the current signal of spindle motor the signal processing module (11) is sent to by cable, the current sensor passes through prison
The curent change of spindle motor is surveyed to monitor the variation of Milling Force；
The digital sampling and processing (12) includes A/D converter, amplifier and data processor, and the A/D converter will
The acoustical signal received is converted into after digital signal passes to data processor through amplifier, described in the data processor receives
The data of amplifier output simultaneously carry out Screening Treatment to these data；
The data processor is to the Screening Treatment process of data：
The average value of acoustical signal data is calculated, formula is：
Acoustical signal data threshold W is setminAnd Wmax
Wmin=S (1-m%)
Wmax=S (1+m%)
Work as Wmin<Sx<WmaxWhen, the data S that is obtainedxIn set threshold range, then the data retain；
Work as Sx＞ WmaxOr Sx<Wmin, the data S that is obtainedxNot in the threshold range of the setting, then the data are deleted,
In formula, S is the average value of acoustical signal data, SXFor the acoustical signal data that x-th of acoustic emission sensor obtains, X sends out for sound
Number of sensors is penetrated, m is the constant of setting, WminAnd WmaxFor acoustical signal data threshold.
2. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment according to claim 1 that tool wear can be monitored in real time, which is characterized in that
The industrial personal computer (13) includes terminal control module, and the terminal control module carries out real-time state of wear and predetermined threshold value
Compare, if will carry out alarm more than threshold value replaces milling cutter (5).
3. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment according to claim 2 that tool wear can be monitored in real time, which is characterized in that
It is connected with preamplifier between the acoustic emission sensor (4) and signal processing module (11).
4. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment according to claim 3 that tool wear can be monitored in real time, which is characterized in that
The signal processing module (11) is made of signal amplitude adjustment circuit, filter, differential amplifier.
5. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment of tool wear can be monitored in real time according to claim 1-4 any one of them,
It is characterized in that, the laser heating device further includes temperature field finite element simulation module, the temperature field finite element simulation module
Optimize laser heating process parameter.
6. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment according to claim 5 that tool wear can be monitored in real time, which is characterized in that
The milling attachment further include numerical control rotary table or with two-dimensional movement workbench.
7. the laser heating auxiliary milling attachment according to claim 6 that tool wear can be monitored in real time, which is characterized in that
The laser heating device further includes that focus head fixes adjusting apparatus (7), optical fiber (9), laser (10), the laser (10)
The laser of prescribed energy can be exported and conducted by the optical fiber (9) and enter the laser focusing head (8), the laser is poly-
Burnt head (8) is fixed on the focus head and fixes on adjusting apparatus (7), and the focus head fixes adjusting apparatus (7) and is fixed on machine
On bed milling head, fixes adjusting apparatus (7) change laser light incident direction by adjusting the focus head and be incident on workpiece surface
Spot diameter size.
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| JP6846657B2 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2021-03-24 | 株式会社ディスコ | Cutting equipment |
| CN106944835B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 山东大学 | A kind of heating auxiliary milling process method |
| CN108356607B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2023-08-08 | 中南大学 | Device and method for monitoring the condition of a tool in cutting machining and chip forming |
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