CN205816815U - A kind of truning fixture of LASER HEATING auxiliary - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model provides truning fixture and the method thereof of a kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary, and its device includes truning fixture, described truning fixture is fixed with cutter and workpiece；Laser aid, for heating described workpiece by laser；Non-contact temperature measuring device, the temperature at workpiece cutting described in Real-time Collection；Control device, for the data of the optimum temperature field stored in it are compared with the temperature data of described non-contact temperature measuring device Real-time Collection, if there being difference, then control described laser aid and adjust laser parameter to reach described optimal temperature field.The beneficial effects of the utility model are, by data to by the way of adjust laser parameter, make the temperature field at described workpiece cutting the most consistent with optimal temperature field, cut under such temperature field, cutter life can be made the longest, workpiece machining surface optimal quality, turning efficiency is the highest.

Description

A kind of truning fixture of LASER HEATING auxiliary

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of truning fixture, particularly relates to the truning fixture of a kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary.

Background technology

Laser-assisted machining technology is the surface of the work before high-power laser beam focuses on cutting edge, at material quilt In short time before excision, make the machinability of material at high temperature change by being locally heated to the highest temperature, then adopt It is processed with cutter.By material being carried out the heating of local tiny area, while improving material plasticity, make bending of material Taking intensity to reduce, reduce cutting force, tool life, suppression Serrated Chip Formation produces, thus reaches raising and add work efficiency Rate, reduction cost, the purpose of increase surface quality.

But, the material of LASER HEATING turnery processing is usually difficult to machine material, even if using LASER HEATING turning to enter Row processing, owing to failing on-line monitoring cutting temperature and to fail to adjust laser parameter in real time optimal to meet in the course of processing Temperature field, so, adds man-hour, easily causes tool wear more serious, the crudy of part is had large effect simultaneously, Make working (machining) efficiency the lowest.

In view of drawbacks described above, it is new that this utility model creator obtains this practicality finally through research for a long time and practice Type.

Utility model content

For solving the problems referred to above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is, it is provided that the car of a kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary Turning device, including a truning fixture, described truning fixture is fixed with a cutter and a workpiece to be cut；One laser aid, For described workpiece being heated by laser；One non-contact temperature measuring device, at workpiece cutting described in Real-time Collection Temperature；One controls device, and it is connected with described laser aid and described non-contact temperature measuring device respectively, described control device The data of the optimum temperature field stored in by it are carried out with the temperature data of described non-contact temperature measuring device Real-time Collection Comparison, if there being difference, then controls described laser aid and adjusts laser parameter to reach described optimal temperature field.

Further, described non-contact temperature measuring device is thermal infrared imager.

Further, described laser aid includes laser focusing head and laser instrument, described laser focusing head, laser instrument and described Control device to be sequentially connected.

Further, described laser aid also includes focus head adjusting apparatus, and it is used for fixing described laser focusing head and energy Enough adjust laser light incident direction and the diameter of laser facula of described laser focusing head.

Further, described truning fixture includes numerically controlled lathe workbench and be fixed on described numerically controlled lathe workbench three Dog chuck, described scroll chuck is used for fixing described workpiece.

Further, described truning fixture also includes that guide rail and knife rest, described guide rail are located on described numerically controlled lathe workbench, Described guide rail, knife rest and cutter are cascading, and described guide rail can make described knife rest move in X-direction.

Further, being provided with adjusting means between described guide rail and described knife rest, described adjusting means can make described knife rest Move in Y-axis and Z-direction respectively.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are compared with the prior art:

1. this utility model by data to by the way of adjust laser parameter, make the temperature field at described workpiece cutting The most consistent with optimal temperature field, cut under such temperature field, it is possible to make cutter life the longest, finished surface Optimal quality, it is ensured that the efficiency of LASER HEATING turning is the highest；

2. the preferred described thermal infrared imager of non-contact temperature measuring device described in, it not only has contactless, highly sensitive, survey Advantages such as temperature scope is big, fast, the strong interference immunity of response, and it is not limited by material, almost all of metal and nonmetal Material the most all has infra-red radiation so that it is the scope of application is the widest；

3. guide rail described in and described adjusting means, it is achieved that described knife rest in the movement of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, thus Make described knife rest can drive the region to be cut of workpiece described in described bit alignment during movement.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of the truning fixture of a kind of LASER HEATING of this utility model auxiliary；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the truning fixture of a kind of LASER HEATING of this utility model auxiliary.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to this utility model, above-mentioned and other technical characteristic and advantage are described in more detail.

Embodiment one

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is respectively the functional structure frame of a kind of LASER HEATING of this utility model auxiliary truning fixture Figure and structural representation.

Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the truning fixture of a kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary, including a truning fixture 1, described turning On device, 1 is fixed with workpiece 13 and a cutter 16；One laser aid 2, for heating described workpiece 13 by laser； One non-contact temperature measuring device 3, the temperature at workpiece described in Real-time Collection 13 cutting；One control device 4, its respectively with institute Stating laser aid 2 to be connected with described non-contact temperature measuring device 3, described control device 4 is for the optimum temperature that will store in it The data of field are compared with the temperature data of described non-contact temperature measuring device 3 Real-time Collection, if there being difference, then send feedback Signal gives described laser aid 2, controls described laser aid 2 and adjusts laser parameter to reach described optimal temperature field.This reality With in novel by data to by the way of adjust laser parameter, make the temperature field of heating at the cutting of described workpiece 13 with Good temperature field is consistent all the time, cuts, it is possible to make cutter life the longest, machined surface quality under such temperature field Optimum, it is ensured that the efficiency of LASER HEATING turning is the highest.

The foundation of the data base of described optimum temperature field is that result based on FEM (finite element) model carries out selecting to optimize, and Be stored in advance in described control device 4 for.Specifically, set up model partition grid according to the size of practical work piece 13, Laser is regarded as surface heat flow, load heat radiation and convection boundary condition, and revised the boundary condition by temperature survey test After, i.e. available temperature distribution prediction model accurately.Selected technological parameter is used to emulate, with work according to pilot system Temperature at part 13 cutting zone is optimization aim, and the technological parameter in conjunction with described truning fixture selects feature, i.e. can get Good temperature field parameter.In order to revise the temperature at the hot machining of current workpiece 13, need different laser parameters and temperature field Corresponding data, these data are also obtained by temperature distribution prediction model, are stored in advance in described control device 4.

Wherein, selected by temperature field finite element simulation, it is possible to obtain laser power, laser motion speed, preheating time, Laser spot center, to technological parameters such as milling cutter centre distances, utilizes the temperature field of survey by infrared range finer laser-irradiated domain with checking The accuracy of emulation.

The temperature field finite element simulation theory of LASER HEATING process is as described below: when laser is radiated at the surface of solids, luminous energy Absorption occur mainly in style top layer, therefore laser can be considered as occurring in the heat effect of the surface of solids unlimited on one, surface In thin region, surface thermal source can be regarded as at this region inner laser.This surface thermal source (1) formula is expressed as:

$I=\frac{2{\mathrm{AP}}_l}{{\mathrm{\πR}}^2}\exp \left(\frac{-2r^2}{R^2}\right)---\left(1\right)$

In formula, P_lRepresenting laser power (W), A represents that laser absorption rate, r represent that laser spot center is to milling cutter center Distance, R represents laser radius (m).

Laser heat transfer process simplification is that rotating cylindrical body is passed with Three dimensional transient under convective boundary effect by Gauss moving heat source Heat problem.Assume material hot property etc. to, under cylindrical-coordinate system shown in Heat Conduction Differential Equations such as formula (2):

$\frac{1\∂}{r\∂r}\left(\mathrm{\λ}r\frac{\∂T}{\∂r}\right)+\frac{1\∂}{r^2\∂\mathrm{\φ}}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\frac{\∂T}{\∂\mathrm{\φ}}\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂z}\left(\mathrm{\λ}\frac{\∂T}{\∂z}\right)+q_v={\mathrm{\ρc}}_p\frac{\∂T}{\∂t}---\left(2\right)$

In formula, λ represents the heat conductivity (W/m DEG C) of material, and ρ represents density (kg/m³), c_pRepresent specific heat capacity (J/kg DEG C), q_vRepresent endogenous pyrogen power density.

The laser energy that material surface absorbs under the irradiation of laser is converted into heat energy, and surface temperature raises, meanwhile Material internal carries out from outward appearance to inner essence, by high temperature to the conduction of heat of low temperature.Material is obtained heat energy by laser and is considered as a kind of perimeter strip There is a time dependent external heat source in part, i.e. material surface.In workpiece circumferential surface, the laser facula zone of actionTime,

$\mathrm{\λ}\frac{\∂T}{\∂r_w}=q_{l,abs}-q_c-E\left(T\right)---\left(3\right)$

In formula, q_l,absRepresent absorbed laser heat, q_cRepresent material surface heat convection, q_c=h_c(T-T₀)；E(T) Represent material surface radiation heat transfer, h_cRepresent composite heat-exchange coefficient (W/m DEG C), T₀Represent ambient temperature.

Embodiment two

A kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary truning fixture as above, the present embodiment is different from part and is, such as Fig. 2 institute Showing, described non-contact temperature measuring device 3 is the one in thermal infrared imager, infrared radiation thermometer and non-contact temperature sensor.

In the present embodiment, the preferred described thermal infrared imager 3 of described non-contact temperature measuring device 3, described thermal infrared imager 3 is very Easily realize the on-line temperature monitoring of LASER HEATING auxiliary turning, its not only have contactless, highly sensitive, temperature-measuring range big, Response is fast, without advantages such as shutdown during monitoring, and can reject the impact of other environment noises in the course of processing, Improve the efficiency of LASER HEATING auxiliary turning, in addition, thermal infrared imager is not limited by material, almost all of metal The most all having infra-red radiation with nonmetallic materials, and thermal infrared imager is installed simple, it need to add at original laser The integrated on-line temperature monitoring that can be realized as LASER HEATING auxiliary Turning Temperature Field on the basis of heat auxiliary truning fixture.

Embodiment three

The truning fixture of a kind of LASER HEATING as above auxiliary, the present embodiment is different from part and is, such as Fig. 2 institute Showing, described laser aid 2 includes laser instrument 21 and laser focusing head 22, and described laser focusing head 22 is by launching laser to described Workpiece 13 heats, and described control device 4, described laser instrument 21 and described laser focusing head 22 are sequentially connected.

Described laser aid 2 also includes focus head adjusting apparatus 23, and described focus head adjusting apparatus 23 is for fixing described The laser focusing head 22 and laser light incident direction of described laser focusing head 22 can be adjusted and be incident on described workpiece 13 surface The diameter of hot spot, described thermal infrared imager 3 is arranged on the side of described workpiece 13, and is radiated at described at a certain angle Workpiece 13 region to be cut.

Because optical fiber has the advantages such as transmission capacity is big, strong interference immunity, signal stabilization, spread speed are fast, embodiment one to In embodiment three, the connected mode of each parts is preferably optical fiber 5 and connects.

Embodiment four

A kind of LASER HEATING auxiliary truning fixture as above, the present embodiment is different from part and is, such as Fig. 2 institute Showing, described truning fixture 1 includes numerically controlled lathe workbench 11, scroll chuck 12, described workpiece 13, guide rail 14, knife rest 15 and institute State cutter 16.

Described scroll chuck 12 is fixed on described numerically controlled lathe workbench 11, and described scroll chuck 12 is used for fixing to be cut The described workpiece 13 cut, described guide rail 14 is connected on described numerically controlled lathe workbench 11, and described guide rail 14 can be at described number Sliding on control Lathe bench 11, i.e. slide in described X-direction, described guide rail 14 is provided with knife rest 15, on described knife rest 15 Being provided with cutter 16, be provided with adjusting means between described guide rail 14 and described knife rest 15, described adjusting means can make described knife rest 15 are moving respectively in Y-axis and Z-direction.

This utility model is by arranging described guide rail and described adjusting means, it is achieved that described knife rest is at X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis The movement in direction, so that described knife rest can drive the district to be cut of workpiece described in described bit alignment during movement Territory.

Embodiment five

The LASER HEATING auxiliary turning step of device described above includes:

(1) described workpiece 13 is installed on described truning fixture 1；

(2) the relative position of described laser aid 2 and described non-contact temperature measuring device 3 is adjusted so that it is be directed at described work The region to be cut of part 13；

(3) select optimum temperature field by temperature field finite element simulation, obtain laser parameter and cutting parameter, utilize described The accuracy that the temperature field of non-contact temperature measuring device 3 Laser Measurement irradiation area emulates with checking, and by described optimum temperature The data of field are stored in described control device 4；

(4) described laser parameter and described cutting parameter are set, open optical gate, made the cutting of described workpiece 13 by preheating Regional temperature reaches processing request, utilizes the temperature data of described non-contact temperature measuring device 3 Real-time Collection to control dress with described The optimum temperature field data put in 4 contrasts, if there being difference, then sends and feeds back signal to described laser aid 2, controls described Laser aid 2 adjusts laser parameter to reach described optimal temperature field；

(5), after machining, described optical gate is closed.

Wherein, described laser parameter includes that laser power, preheating time, laser motion speed and laser spot center arrive The distance of center cutter；Described cutting parameter includes cutting speed, cutting depth and feed speed.

The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art Art personnel, on the premise of without departing from this utility model method, it is also possible to makes some improvement and supplements, and these improve and supplement Also should be regarded as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. LASER HEATING auxiliary a truning fixture, including a truning fixture, described truning fixture is fixed with a cutter and One workpiece to be cut, it is characterised in that also include:

One laser aid, for heating described workpiece by laser；

One non-contact temperature measuring device, the temperature at workpiece cutting described in Real-time Collection；

One controls device, and it is connected with described laser aid and described non-contact temperature measuring device respectively, and described control device is used The data of the optimum temperature field stored in by it compare with the temperature data of described non-contact temperature measuring device Real-time Collection Right, if there being difference, then control described laser aid and adjust laser parameter to reach described optimum temperature field.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 1 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described contactless temperature-measuring fills It is set to thermal infrared imager.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 2 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described laser aid includes swashing Light focus head and laser instrument, described laser focusing head, laser instrument and described control device are sequentially connected.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 3 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described laser aid also includes Focus head adjusting apparatus, it is for fixing described laser focusing head and can adjust the laser light incident direction of described laser focusing head Diameter with laser facula.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 1 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described truning fixture includes number Control Lathe bench and the scroll chuck being fixed on described numerically controlled lathe workbench, described scroll chuck is used for fixing described work Part.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 5 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described truning fixture also includes Guide rail and knife rest, described guide rail is located on described numerically controlled lathe workbench, and described guide rail, knife rest and cutter are cascading, Described guide rail can make described knife rest move in X-direction.

The truning fixture of LASER HEATING the most according to claim 6 auxiliary, it is characterised in that described guide rail and described knife rest Between be provided with adjusting means, described adjusting means can make described knife rest move in Y-axis and Z-direction respectively.