CN106207724A - A kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation - Google Patents
A kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207724A CN106207724A CN201610784861.2A CN201610784861A CN106207724A CN 106207724 A CN106207724 A CN 106207724A CN 201610784861 A CN201610784861 A CN 201610784861A CN 106207724 A CN106207724 A CN 106207724A
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- polarization controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3536—Four-wave interaction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/137—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity for stabilising of frequency
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
nullThe invention discloses a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation，Laser instrument includes the first Polarization Controller being sequentially connected in series、Image intensifer、Fiber coupler、Second Polarization Controller、There is nonlinear device and the tunable optic filter of anti-four-wave mixing effect，It is delivered to image intensifer after the polarization state of the first Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination，Image intensifer provides gain，Optical signal is amplified，One outfan of fiber coupler is laser output，One outfan and the second Polarization Controller connect，Nonlinear device is transmitted optical signals into after the polarization state of the second Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination，The laser spectrum of incident many longitudinal modes is narrowed by nonlinear device based on anti-four-wave mixing effect，Then send signal to tunable optic filter and carry out narrow-band filtering，Finally it is recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer，Form laser feedback chamber.The present invention can form the laser of stable state, it is achieved the stable output of tunable single frequency laser.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical fiber laser research field in photoelectron technology, particularly to a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber
Laser instrument and its implementation, its spectrum narrowing effect introduced based on anti-four-wave mixing in nonlinear device.
Background technology
One of single frequency optical fiber laser hot research direction belonging to optical fiber laser, all-fiber knot good with its coherence
The advantage of structure, is widely used in optical fiber telecommunications system, optical fiber sensing system, microwave photon signal processing and light as light source
The numerous areas such as spectrum imaging.And wideband adjustable single frequency optical fiber laser is one of them important research direction.
At present the technology that realizes of single frequency optical fiber laser can mainly be summarized as following several big class:
One, Ultrashort cavity.The adjacent longitudinal mode of laser instrument is increased by greatly shortening chamber length (the most about centimetre or millimeter magnitude)
Interval, in conjunction with narrow-band filtering device, make laser works in more stable single-frequency state, such as distributed feedback (DFB) and distribution
Bragg reflector (DBR) optical fiber laser.But owing to the chamber length of laser instrument is shorter, output is the lowest, it is also difficult at intracavity
Insert other optical components such as tunable optic filter and carry out the tuning of output wavelength.
Two, Compound Cavity.By being inserted into two or more fiber optic loop or similar structures formation Compound Cavity at laser chamber, by
Chamber length in each sub-chamber is different, and the longitudinal mode spacing causing its correspondence is the most different, for realizing stable laser generation, laser output
Longitudinal mode spacing is finally determined by the common multiple of longitudinal mode spacing corresponding to each sub-chamber, thus can substantially increase longitudinal mode spacing, real
Existing single-frequency output.But this type of laser instrument is easily subject to the impact of the external environment such as factor such as temperature, vibration, causes laser stabilization
Property be deteriorated.
Three, saturable absorber is introduced.The pole narrow-band filtering utilizing the long grating formed in optical fiber saturable absorber is made
With, it is ensured that single-frequency laser exports.But the saturable absorber introduced the most easily is affected by the external environment, and effect is the most unstable
Fixed.
Four, introduce narrow-band filtering effect or utilize the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of narrowband gain.Narrow-band filter is all
As phase-shifted fiber grating can leach few longitudinal mode, single-frequency laser output can be realized under certain condition, but its tunable wave length is special
Property is restricted.The spectrum width of brillouin gain spectrum is the narrowest, can realize single-frequency laser output when chamber length is shorter, but due to needs
High pumping light power, and output single-frequency laser need separate with pump light, it is achieved scheme has certain limitation.
At present, it is also very desirable to the single frequency optical fiber laser of a kind of stable, wideband adjustable, higher output power is as high property
Energy single-frequency laser light source, to improve the performance of institute's application system further.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at the shortcoming overcoming prior art with not enough, it is provided that a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber swashs
Light device, the spectrum narrowing effect that this laser instrument utilizes anti-four-wave mixing to introduce obtains single-frequency laser output, has simple in construction, steady
The advantage such as qualitative good, wideband adjustable, high-power output, high s/n ratio output.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implementation method based on above-mentioned tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, should
Method output spectrum power stability, live width are narrower.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, including successively
Series connection the first Polarization Controller, image intensifer, fiber coupler, the second Polarization Controller, there is anti-four-wave mixing effect
Nonlinear device and tunable optic filter, wherein, before the first Polarization Controller is placed on the gain media that polarization is relevant, regulate into
Being delivered to image intensifer after penetrating the polarization state of light, image intensifer provides gain, is amplified optical signal, and produced light inputs
To fiber coupler, fiber coupler has two outfans, an outfan to be laser output, an outfan and second inclined
The controller that shakes connects, and transmits optical signals into nonlinear device, non-thread after the polarization state of the second Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination
Property device based on anti-four-wave mixing effect, the laser spectrum width of the incident many longitudinal modes of optical signal is narrowed, then by signal
It is sent to tunable optic filter and carries out narrow-band filtering, be finally recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer.
Heretofore described anti-four-wave mixing effect sees S.K.Turitsyn et al. at Nature Photonics periodical
Article (the Inverse four-wave-mixing and self-parametric amplification effect delivered
In optical fibre, Nat.Photonics, 9 (9): 608 614,2015), this article proposes at normal dispersion fiber
Middle there is a kind of anti-four-wave mixing of nonlinear effect, this effect can effectively narrow the spectral width of multilongitudianl-mode laser of incidence
Degree, introduces spectrum narrowing effect.The present invention is by introducing optical fiber laser by the nonlinear device with anti-four-wave mixing effect
In resonator cavity, by the cooperation of all parts, being repeated of a series of processes such as gain-loss-spectrum narrowing can be realized,
End form becomes the laser of stable state, it is achieved the stable output of tunable single frequency laser.
As one preferably, the nonlinear device described in anti-four-wave mixing effect uses nonlinear semiconductor light amplification
Device, according to research display, this type of semiconductor optical amplifier has normal dispersion characteristic, and its dispersion characteristics can be by driving electricity
The change of stream is controlled, thus the introducing of spectrum narrowing effect that anti-four-wave mixing cause is effectively ensured.
Preferred as another kind, described in there is the nonlinear device of anti-four-wave mixing effect can use normal dispersion fiber,
This optical fiber has normal dispersion at laser instrument output wave band, and fiber lengths can be optimized according to laser parameter, thus effectively
Ensure the introducing of the spectrum narrowing effect that anti-four-wave mixing causes.
Preferably, described image intensifer uses semiconductor optical amplifier.The chamber length (millimeter magnitude) of semiconductor optical amplifier
Want compared with the chamber length of doped optical fibre amplifier (typically want several meters long) short a lot, be substantially shorter proposed optical fiber laser
Chamber long, effectively increase longitudinal mode spacing, it is easier to realize the output of single-frequency laser.
Preferably, between the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer, it is provided with the first light of one-way transmission for ensureing light
Isolator.
Preferably, between image intensifer and fiber coupler, it is provided with the second optically isolated of one-way transmission for ensureing light
Device.This second optoisolator can be avoided reflecting light simultaneously and impact image intensifer.
Preferably, tunable optic filter carries out substantially frequency-selecting, and its three dB bandwidth arranges and is generally less than 0.4nm.
A kind of implementation method based on above-mentioned tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, including step:
The polarization state of (1) first Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination, monitors laser output power, makes gain media work
At optimum state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre bonder；
(3) outfan at fiber coupler carries out light splitting, and a road light feeds back in laser cavity, and another road light is as laser
Output；
(4) feeding back to the light in laser cavity and enter the second Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller regulates its polarization state, prison
Survey laser output spectrum width, make nonlinear device work in optimum state, then pass the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) the laser spectrum width of the incident many longitudinal modes of signal is carried out narrow based on anti-four-wave mixing effect by nonlinear device
Change；
(6) nonlinear device output optical signal sequentially input tunable optic filter be filtered and image intensifer amplify,
Then again passing by fiber coupler and realize light splitting, said process circulates repeatedly, until forming the laser of stable state, it is achieved single-frequency swashs
The stable output of light；
(7) filter wavelength of tunable optic filter is regulated, it is achieved it is tunable that single-frequency laser exports.
Preferably, in step (7), tunable range is limited to bandwidth of operation and laser gain Jie of tunable optic filter
The gain bandwidth of matter.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and beneficial effect:
(1) laser instrument of the present invention utilizes the spectrum narrowing effect that anti-four-wave mixing introduces, and is applied to single-frequency light first
Fibre laser, is inserted into tunable optic filter in laser cavity and carries out substantially frequency-selecting, the spectrum introduced in conjunction with anti-four-wave mixing effect
The effect that narrows eliminates the vibration of many longitudinal modes, it is achieved that single-frequency laser stable, wideband adjustable exports.Simple in construction, it is not necessary to add
Enter the device of complexity, it is simple to miniaturization, practical.In prior art, Compound Cavity and non-pumped saturable absorber etc. greatly rely on
In the stability of external environment, and effect is the most unstable, and the effect that the present invention relies on is highly stable, Output of laser spectrum
Stability also fine, live width is narrower.
(2) laser instrument of the present invention can tune on a large scale, can cover C+L wave band, and its tuning range is limited solely by laser
The gain bandwidth of device gain media and the operating wavelength range of tunable optic filter.
(3) signal to noise ratio of the laser instrument Output of laser spectrum of the present invention is higher.If additionally, the medium of intracavity has high increasing
Benefit characteristic time, the output of laser instrument can be the highest.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the installation drawing of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the single-frequency laser output of continuous tuning in 34nm wave-length coverage.
Fig. 4 is the laser of 1550.36nm wavelength spectrogram in the range of 0～200MHz.
Fig. 5 is the laser of 1550.36nm wavelength spectrogram of obtaining after 210MHz frequency displacement is autodyned.
Fig. 6 is the installation drawing of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in embodiment 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, the present embodiment one tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser include first Polarization Controller the 1, first light every
From device 2, semiconductor optical amplifier the 3, second optoisolator 4, fiber coupler the 5, second Polarization Controller 6, nonlinear device 7,
Tunable optic filter 8.
In the present embodiment, nonlinear device uses nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer (NL-SOA).Laser instrument is by depending on
Secondary serial semiconductor image intensifer 3, fiber coupler 5, nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 and tunable optic filter 8 are constituted
Ring cavity structure, wherein fiber coupler 5 has two outfans.
Wide spectrum optical input optical fibre bonder 5 produced by semiconductor optical amplifier 3 in annular chamber, at fiber coupler 5
Outfan carries out light splitting, and in a part of optical signal feedback winding, another part optical signal exports as laser.In feedback winding
Optical signal sequentially inputs nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1, tunable optic filter 8 and semiconductor optical amplifier 3, the most again
Realizing light splitting through fiber coupler 5, said process circulates repeatedly, owing to nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 can be effective
Introduce anti-four-wave mixing effect, the laser spectrum width of incident many longitudinal modes is had the effect that substantially narrows, can be in stabilized lasers
Realize constantly narrowing to incident illumination live width during foundation, thus realize single-frequency laser output.
In annular chamber, introduce tunable optic filter 8, on the one hand carry out frequency-selecting, on the other hand scalable filter wavelength, from
And achieve the tunable output of single frequency optical fiber laser.The wavelength of tunable optic filter regulation laser output, it passes through non-thread
Property device is connected with photo-coupler feedback end, and total is the annular chamber of a continuous circulation, collectively forms the anti-of laser instrument
Feedback chamber, determines output characteristic of laser.
Owing to semiconductor optical amplifier 3 and nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 are Polarization-Sensitive devices, therefore at two
Being separately added into the first Polarization Controller 1 and the second Polarization Controller 6 before device, the first Polarization Controller 1 is to input quasiconductor
The laser polarization state of image intensifer 3 is optimized, and makes semiconductor optical amplifier 3 be operated in optimum state.Second Polarization Controller 6
For the polarization state of the light of unbalanced input semiconductor optical amplifier 7-1 is optimized, make nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer
Anti-four-wave mixing effect in 7-1 is in hgher efficiency.
First optoisolator 2 and the second optoisolator 4 are used for ensureing the one-way transmission of light.
Fig. 3 is the single-frequency laser output of continuous tuning in 1530.87nm～1565.22nm wave-length coverage, and SMSR is the biggest
In 55dB.Fig. 4 is that operation wavelength exports the spectrogram in the range of 0～200MHz at the laser of 1550.36nm, owing to measuring institute
The chamber fundamental frequency obtaining this single frequency optical fiber laser is 8MHz, and has no the beat signal between longitudinal mode in whole spectral range, therefore
Laser is output as single-frequency output.Fig. 5 is to use shift frequency to postpone self-heterodyne method, introduces 210MHz frequency displacement by acousto-optic modulator and draws
Laser auto heterodyne spectrogram, recycle Lorentz curve matching, calculating the live width of single frequency optical fiber laser under this wavelength is
9.5kHz。
The implementation method of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in the present embodiment, including step:
The polarization state of (1) first Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination, monitors laser output power, makes gain media be operated in
Optimum state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre bonder；
(3) outfan at fiber coupler carries out light splitting, and a road light feeds back in laser cavity, and another road light is as laser
Output；
(4) feeding back to the light in laser cavity and enter the second Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller regulates its polarization state, prison
Survey laser output spectrum width, make nonlinear device work in optimum state, then pass the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer is based on the anti-four-wave mixing effect laser spectrum to the incident many longitudinal modes of signal
Width narrows；
(6) optical signal of nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer output sequentially inputs tunable optic filter and image intensifer, so
After again pass by fiber coupler and realize light splitting, said process circulates repeatedly, until forming the laser of stable state, it is achieved tunable single
The stable output of frequency laser.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment in addition to following characteristics other structures with embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, nonlinear device uses normal dispersion fiber.Laser instrument includes the first Polarization Controller 1, first
Optoisolator 2, semiconductor optical amplifier the 3, second optoisolator 4, fiber coupler the 5, second Polarization Controller 6, normal dispersion
Optical fiber 7-2, tunable optic filter 8, as shown in Figure 6.
Wide spectrum optical input optical fibre bonder 5 produced by semiconductor optical amplifier 3 in annular chamber, at fiber coupler 5
Outfan carries out light splitting, and in a part of optical signal feedback winding, another part optical signal exports as laser.In feedback winding
Optical signal sequentially inputs normal dispersion fiber 7-2, tunable optic filter 8 and semiconductor optical amplifier 3, then again passes by optical fiber
Bonder 5 realizes light splitting, and said process circulates repeatedly, owing to normal dispersion fiber 7-2 can effectively introduce anti-four-wave mixing effect
Should, the laser spectrum width of incident many longitudinal modes is had narrowing result, laser linewidth constantly can be narrowed, thus realize single-frequency
The output of laser.In annular chamber, introduce tunable optic filter 8, on the one hand carry out frequency-selecting, on the other hand scalable filter wavelength,
Finally realize the tunable output of single frequency optical fiber laser.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limit, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, substitute, combine, simplify,
All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, it is characterised in that include the first Polarization Controller, the light amplification being sequentially connected in series
Device, fiber coupler, the second Polarization Controller, the nonlinear device with anti-four-wave mixing effect and tunable optic filter, its
In, before the first Polarization Controller is placed on the gain media that polarization is relevant, after the polarization state of regulation incident illumination, it is delivered to light amplification
Device, image intensifer provides gain, is amplified optical signal, and produced light is input to fiber coupler, and fiber coupler has
Two outfans, an outfan is laser output, and an outfan and the second Polarization Controller connect, the second Polarization Control
Transmitting optical signals into nonlinear device after the polarization state of device regulation incident illumination, nonlinear device is based on anti-four-wave mixing effect pair
The laser spectrum width of the incident many longitudinal modes of optical signal narrows, and then sends signal to tunable optic filter and carries out arrowband
Filtering, is finally recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in have anti-four-wave mixing effect
The nonlinear device answered uses nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in have anti-four-wave mixing effect
The nonlinear device answered uses normal dispersion fiber.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image intensifer uses and partly leads
Body image intensifer.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at the first Polarization Controller and light
The first optoisolator of one-way transmission for ensureing light it is provided with between amplifier.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that couple at image intensifer and optical fiber
The second optoisolator of one-way transmission for ensureing light it is provided with between device.
Tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that tunable optic filter is carried out substantially
Frequency-selecting, its three dB bandwidth is arranged less than 0.4nm.
8. an implementation method based on the tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in any one of claim 1-7, its feature exists
In, including step:
The polarization state of (1) first Polarization Controller regulation incident illumination, monitors laser output power, makes gain media be operated in
Good state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre bonder；
(3) outfan at fiber coupler carries out light splitting, and a road light feeds back in laser cavity, and another road light is defeated as laser
Go out；
(4) feeding back to the light in laser cavity and enter the second Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller regulates its polarization state, and monitoring swashs
Light output spectral width, makes nonlinear device work in optimum state, then passes the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) the laser spectrum width of the incident many longitudinal modes of signal is narrowed by nonlinear device based on anti-four-wave mixing effect；
(6) nonlinear device output optical signal sequentially input tunable optic filter be filtered and image intensifer amplify, then
Again passing by fiber coupler and realize light splitting, said process circulates repeatedly, until forming the laser of stable state, it is achieved single-frequency laser
Stable output；
(7) filter wavelength of tunable optic filter is regulated, it is achieved it is tunable that single-frequency laser exports.
Implementation method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (7), tunable range is limited to tunable
The bandwidth of operation of wave filter and the gain bandwidth of laser gain medium.
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| CN110806306A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-02-18 | 安徽大学 | Device and method for measuring temperature change of cavity of resonant cavity of multi-longitudinal-mode laser |
| CN114498261A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-wavelength fiber laser with adjustable stable optical signal-to-noise ratio |
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| CN106207724B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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