CN106207724B - A kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation - Google Patents
A kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207724B CN106207724B CN201610784861.2A CN201610784861A CN106207724B CN 106207724 B CN106207724 B CN 106207724B CN 201610784861 A CN201610784861 A CN 201610784861A CN 106207724 B CN106207724 B CN 106207724B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3536—Four-wave interaction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/137—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity for stabilising of frequency
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser and its implementation,Laser includes the first Polarization Controller being sequentially connected in series,Image intensifer,Fiber coupler,Second Polarization Controller,Nonlinear device with anti-four-wave mixing effect and tunable optic filter,It is transmitted to image intensifer after the polarization state of first Polarization Controller adjusting incident light,Image intensifer provides gain,Optical signal is amplified,One output end of fiber coupler is laser output,One output end is connect with the second Polarization Controller,Nonlinear device is transmitted optical signals into after the polarization state of second Polarization Controller adjusting incident light,Nonlinear device narrows to the laser spectrum of incident more longitudinal modes based on anti-four-wave mixing effect,Then it sends signal to tunable optic filter and carries out narrow-band filtering,Finally it is recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer,Form laser feedback chamber.The present invention can form the laser of stable state, and that realizes tunable single frequency laser stablizes output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical fiber laser research field in photoelectron technology, more particularly to a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber
Laser and its implementation, based on the spectrum narrowing effect that anti-four-wave mixing introduces in nonlinear device.
Background technology
Single frequency optical fiber laser belongs to one of hot research direction of optical fiber laser, all -fiber knot good with its coherence
The advantage of structure is widely used in optical fiber telecommunications system, optical fiber sensing system, microwave photon signal processing and light as light source
The numerous areas such as spectrum imaging.And wideband adjustable single frequency optical fiber laser is one of important research direction.
The realization technology of single frequency optical fiber laser can mainly be summarized as following a few major class at present：
One, Ultrashort cavity.Increase the adjacent longitudinal mode of laser by greatly shortening chamber length (generally about centimetre or millimeter magnitude)
Interval makes laser works in relatively stable single-frequency state, such as distributed feedback (DFB) and distribution in conjunction with narrow-band filtering device
Bragg reflector (DBR) optical fiber laser.But since the chamber of laser length is shorter, output power is very low, it is also difficult in intracavitary
Other optical components such as tunable optic filter are inserted into carry out the tuning of output wavelength.
Two, Compound Cavity.Compound Cavity is formed by being inserted into two or more fiber optic loops or similar structures in laser chamber, by
Difference is grown in the chamber of each sub- chamber, causes its corresponding longitudinal mode spacing also different, to realize the laser generation of stabilization, laser output
Longitudinal mode spacing is finally determined by the common multiple of the corresponding longitudinal mode spacing of each sub- chamber, real so as to substantially increase longitudinal mode spacing
Existing single-frequency output.But such laser is easy to be influenced by factors such as external environment temperature, vibrations, leads to laser stabilization
Property be deteriorated.
Three, saturable absorber is introduced.Made using the pole narrow-band filtering of the long grating formed in optical fiber saturable absorber
With, it is ensured that single-frequency laser exports.But the saturable absorber introduced is also easily affected by the external environment, and effect is inherently unstable
It is fixed.
Four, narrow-band filtering effect or the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect using narrowband gain are introduced.Narrow-band filter is all
If phase-shifted fiber grating can filter out few longitudinal mode, it can realize that single-frequency laser exports under certain condition, but its tunable wave length is special
Property is restricted.The spectrum width of brillouin gain spectrum is very narrow, single-frequency laser output can be achieved when chamber length is shorter, but due to needing
High pumping light power, and export single-frequency laser needs and detached with pump light, implementation has certain limitation.
At present, it is also very desirable to a kind of stabilization, wideband adjustable, higher output power single frequency optical fiber laser as high property
Energy single-frequency laser light source, the performance of application system to further increase.
Invention content
The shortcomings that it is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the prior art and deficiency, it is sharp to provide a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber
Light device, the spectrum narrowing effect which is introduced using anti-four-wave mixing obtain single-frequency laser output, have simple in structure, steady
The advantages that qualitative good, wideband adjustable, high-power output, high s/n ratio output.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implementation methods based on above-mentioned tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, should
Method output spectrum power stability, line width are relatively narrow.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution：A kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, including successively
Concatenated first Polarization Controller, image intensifer, fiber coupler, the second Polarization Controller, with anti-four-wave mixing effect
Nonlinear device and tunable optic filter, wherein the first Polarization Controller is placed on before the relevant gain media of polarization, adjust into
It is transmitted to image intensifer after penetrating the polarization state of light, image intensifer provides gain, is amplified to optical signal, generated light input
To fiber coupler, fiber coupler is there are two output end, and an output end is laser output, and an output end and second is partially
The controller that shakes connects, and nonlinear device is transmitted optical signals into after the polarization state of the second Polarization Controller adjusting incident light, non-thread
Property device narrowed to the laser spectrum width of the incident more longitudinal modes of optical signal based on anti-four-wave mixing effect, then by signal
It is sent to tunable optic filter and carries out narrow-band filtering, be finally recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer.
Heretofore described anti-four-wave mixing effect is referring to S.K.Turitsyn et al. in Nature Photonics periodicals
Article (the Inverse four-wave-mixing and self-parametric amplification effect delivered
in optical fibre,Nat.Photonics,9(9):608-614,2015) it, is proposed in normal dispersion fiber in this article
In there are a kind of nonlinear effects --- anti-four-wave mixing, this effect can effectively narrow the spectral width of incident multilongitudianl-mode laser
Degree introduces spectrum narrowing effect.The present invention will be by that will have the nonlinear device of anti-four-wave mixing effect to introduce optical fiber laser
In resonant cavity, by the cooperation of all parts, it can be achieved that a series of being repeated for processes such as gain-loss-spectrum narrowing, most
For end form at the laser of stable state, that realizes tunable single frequency laser stablizes output.
As a preferred embodiment, the nonlinear device with anti-four-wave mixing effect uses nonlinear semiconductor light amplification
Device has normal dispersion characteristic according to the such semiconductor optical amplifier of studies have shown that, and its dispersion characteristics can be by driving electricity
The change of stream is controlled, to which the introducing of spectrum narrowing effect caused by anti-four-wave mixing be effectively ensured.
As another preferred embodiment, normal dispersion fiber can be used in the nonlinear device with anti-four-wave mixing effect,
The optical fiber in laser output waveband there is normal dispersion, fiber lengths can be optimized according to laser parameter, to effectively
Ensure the introducing of spectrum narrowing effect caused by anti-four-wave mixing.
Preferably, the image intensifer uses semiconductor optical amplifier.The chamber length (millimeter magnitude) of semiconductor optical amplifier
With doped optical fibre amplifier chamber length (generally wanting several meters long) compared with want it is short very much, be substantially shorter proposed optical fiber laser
Chamber it is long, effectively increase longitudinal mode spacing, it is easier to realize the output of single-frequency laser.
Preferably, the first light of the one-way transmission for ensureing light is equipped between the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer
Isolator.
Preferably, second that the one-way transmission for ensureing light is equipped between image intensifer and fiber coupler is optically isolated
Device.Second optoisolator can impact image intensifer to avoid reflected light simultaneously.
Preferably, tunable optic filter carries out substantially frequency-selecting, and three dB bandwidth setting is generally less than 0.4nm.
A kind of implementation method based on above-mentioned tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, including step：
(1) first Polarization Controller adjusts the polarization state of incident light, monitors laser output power, gain media is made to work
In optimum state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified to optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre coupler；
(3) it is divided in the output end of fiber coupler, light is fed back in laser cavity all the way, and another way light is as laser
Output；
(4) light fed back in laser cavity enters the second Polarization Controller, and the second Polarization Controller adjusts its polarization state, supervises
Laser output spectrum width is surveyed, so that nonlinear device is worked in optimum state, then passes the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) nonlinear device carries out the laser spectrum width of the incident more longitudinal modes of signal based on anti-four-wave mixing effect narrow
Change；
(6) optical signal of nonlinear device output sequentially inputs tunable optic filter and is filtered and amplifies with image intensifer,
Then it again passes by fiber coupler and realizes that light splitting, the above process recycle repeatedly, until forming the laser of stable state, realize that single-frequency swashs
Light stablizes output；
(7) filter wavelength for adjusting tunable optic filter realizes the tunable of single-frequency laser output.
Preferably, in step (7), tunable range is limited to the bandwidth of operation of tunable optic filter and laser gain is situated between
The gain bandwidth of matter.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and advantageous effect：
(1) laser of the present invention utilizes the spectrum narrowing effect that anti-four-wave mixing introduces, and is applied to single-frequency light for the first time
Fibre laser is inserted into tunable optic filter progress substantially frequency-selecting, the spectrum introduced in conjunction with anti-four-wave mixing effect in laser cavity
Narrowing effect eliminates more longitudinal mode oscillations, realizes stable, wideband adjustable single-frequency laser output.It is simple in structure, without adding
Enter complicated device, convenient for miniaturization, functionization.Compound Cavity and non-pumped saturable absorber etc. greatly rely in the prior art
In the stability of external environment, and effect is inherently unstable, and the effect that the present invention relies on is highly stable, exports laser spectrum
Stability it is also fine, line width is relatively narrow.
(2) laser of the invention can tune on a large scale, can cover C+L wave bands, tuning range is limited solely by laser
The gain bandwidth of device gain media and the operating wavelength range of tunable optic filter.
(3) noise of laser of the invention output laser spectrum is relatively high.In addition, if the medium of intracavitary has high increase
When the characteristic of benefit, the output power of laser can be very high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the installation drawing of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the single-frequency laser output of continuous tuning in 34nm wave-length coverages.
Fig. 4 is spectrogram of the laser of 1550.36nm wavelength within the scope of 0~200MHz.
Fig. 5 is the spectrogram that the laser of 1550.36nm wavelength obtains after 210MHz frequency displacement self-timers.
Fig. 6 is the installation drawing of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser of the present embodiment include the first Polarization Controller 1, the first light every
From device 2, semiconductor optical amplifier 3, the second optoisolator 4, fiber coupler 5, the second Polarization Controller 6, nonlinear device 7,
Tunable optic filter 8.
In the present embodiment, nonlinear device uses nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer (NL-SOA).Laser be by according to
Secondary serial semiconductor image intensifer 3, fiber coupler 5, nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 and tunable optic filter 8 are constituted
Ring cavity structure, wherein fiber coupler 5 is there are two output end.
Wide spectrum optical input optical fibre coupler 5 caused by semiconductor optical amplifier 3 in annular chamber, in fiber coupler 5
Output end is divided, and in a part of optical signal feedback winding, another part optical signal is exported as laser.It feeds back in winding
Optical signal sequentially inputs nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1, tunable optic filter 8 and semiconductor optical amplifier 3, then again
It realizes and is divided by fiber coupler 5, the above process recycles repeatedly, since nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 can be effective
Anti- four-wave mixing effect is introduced, there is apparent narrowing effect to the laser spectrum width of incident more longitudinal modes, it can be in stabilized lasers
Constantly narrowing to incident light line width is realized during establishing, to realize that single-frequency laser exports.
Tunable optic filter 8 is introduced in annular chamber, on the one hand carries out frequency-selecting, filter wavelength is on the other hand adjusted, from
And realize the tunable output of single frequency optical fiber laser.Tunable optic filter adjusts the wavelength of laser output, it passes through non-thread
Property device is connected with photo-coupler feedback end, and total is an annular chamber constantly recycled, collectively forms the anti-of laser
Chamber is presented, determines output characteristic of laser.
Since semiconductor optical amplifier 3 and nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer 7-1 are all Polarization-Sensitive devices, therefore at two
The first Polarization Controller 1 and the second Polarization Controller 6 are separately added into before device, the first Polarization Controller 1 is to inputting semiconductor
The laser polarization state of image intensifer 3 optimizes, and semiconductor optical amplifier 3 is made to be operated in optimum state.Second Polarization Controller 6
Polarization state for the light to unbalanced input semiconductor optical amplifier 7-1 optimizes, and makes nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer
Anti- four-wave mixing effect in 7-1 is more efficient.
First optoisolator 2 and the second optoisolator 4 are used for ensureing the one-way transmission of light.
Fig. 3 is the single-frequency laser output of the continuous tuning in 1530.87nm~1565.22nm wave-length coverages, and SMSR is big
In 55dB.Fig. 4 is that laser of the operation wavelength in 1550.36nm exports the spectrogram within the scope of 0~200MHz, by measuring institute
The chamber fundamental frequency for obtaining the single frequency optical fiber laser is 8MHz, and the beat signal between longitudinal mode is had no in entire spectral range, therefore
Laser output is that single-frequency exports.Fig. 5 is to postpone self-heterodyne method using shift frequency, and introducing 210MHz frequency displacements by acousto-optic modulator obtains
Laser self-timer spectrogram, recycle Lorentz curve fitting, the line width that single frequency optical fiber laser under the wavelength is calculated is
9.5kHz。
The implementation method of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser described in the present embodiment, including step：
(1) first Polarization Controller adjusts the polarization state of incident light, monitors laser output power, gain media is made to be operated in
Optimum state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified to optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre coupler；
(3) it is divided in the output end of fiber coupler, light is fed back in laser cavity all the way, and another way light is as laser
Output；
(4) light fed back in laser cavity enters the second Polarization Controller, and the second Polarization Controller adjusts its polarization state, supervises
Laser output spectrum width is surveyed, so that nonlinear device is worked in optimum state, then passes the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer based on anti-four-wave mixing effect to the laser spectrum of the incident more longitudinal modes of signal
Width narrows；
(6) optical signal of nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer output sequentially inputs tunable optic filter and image intensifer, so
After again pass by fiber coupler realize light splitting, the above process recycle repeatedly, until formed stable state laser, realize tunable single
Frequency laser stablizes output.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment in addition to following characteristics other structures with embodiment 1：
In the present embodiment, nonlinear device uses normal dispersion fiber.Laser includes the first Polarization Controller 1, first
Optoisolator 2, semiconductor optical amplifier 3, the second optoisolator 4, fiber coupler 5, the second Polarization Controller 6, normal dispersion
Optical fiber 7-2, tunable optic filter 8, as shown in Figure 6.
Wide spectrum optical input optical fibre coupler 5 caused by semiconductor optical amplifier 3 in annular chamber, in fiber coupler 5
Output end is divided, and in a part of optical signal feedback winding, another part optical signal is exported as laser.It feeds back in winding
Optical signal sequentially inputs normal dispersion fiber 7-2, tunable optic filter 8 and semiconductor optical amplifier 3, then again passes by optical fiber
Coupler 5 realizes that light splitting, the above process recycle repeatedly, since normal dispersion fiber 7-2 can effectively introduce anti-four-wave mixing effect
It answers, narrowing result is had to the laser spectrum width of incident more longitudinal modes, can constantly be narrowed to laser linewidth, to realize single-frequency
The output of laser.Tunable optic filter 8 is introduced in annular chamber, on the one hand carries out frequency-selecting, filter wavelength is on the other hand adjusted,
The final tunable output for realizing single frequency optical fiber laser.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser, which is characterized in that including be sequentially connected in series the first Polarization Controller, light amplification
Device, fiber coupler, the second Polarization Controller, nonlinear device and tunable optic filter with anti-four-wave mixing effect,
In, the first Polarization Controller is placed on before the relevant gain media of polarization, and light amplification is transmitted to after adjusting the polarization state of incident light
Device, image intensifer provide gain, are amplified to optical signal, generated light is input to fiber coupler, and fiber coupler has
Two output ends, an output end is laser output, and an output end is connect with the second Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Control
Nonlinear device is transmitted optical signals into after the polarization state of device adjusting incident light, nonlinear device is based on anti-four-wave mixing effect pair
The laser spectrum width of the incident more longitudinal modes of optical signal narrows, and then sends signal to tunable optic filter and carries out narrowband
Filtering, is finally recycled back into the first Polarization Controller and image intensifer.
2. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described that there is anti-four-wave mixing effect
The nonlinear device answered uses nonlinear semiconductor image intensifer.
3. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described that there is anti-four-wave mixing effect
The nonlinear device answered uses normal dispersion fiber.
4. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the image intensifer is used and partly led
Body image intensifer.
5. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the first Polarization Controller and light
The first optoisolator of the one-way transmission for ensureing light is equipped between amplifier.
6. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in image intensifer and fiber coupling
The second optoisolator of the one-way transmission for ensureing light is equipped between device.
7. tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that tunable optic filter is selected
Frequently, three dB bandwidth setting is less than 0.4nm.
8. a kind of implementation method based on claim 1-7 any one of them tunable single-frequency optical fiber lasers, feature exist
In, including step：
(1) first Polarization Controller adjusts the polarization state of incident light, monitors laser output power, gain media is made to be operated in most
Good state；
(2) image intensifer provides gain, is amplified to optical signal, obtains wide spectrum optical, input optical fibre coupler；
(3) it is divided in the output end of fiber coupler, light is fed back in laser cavity all the way, and another way light is defeated as laser
Go out；
(4) light fed back in laser cavity enters the second Polarization Controller, and the second Polarization Controller adjusts its polarization state, and monitoring swashs
Light output spectral width makes nonlinear device work in optimum state, then passes the signal to nonlinear device；
(5) nonlinear device narrows to the laser spectrum width of the incident more longitudinal modes of signal based on anti-four-wave mixing effect；
(6) optical signal of nonlinear device output sequentially inputs tunable optic filter and is filtered and amplifies with image intensifer, then
It again passes by fiber coupler and realizes that light splitting, above-mentioned steps (1)-(6) recycle repeatedly, until forming the laser of stable state, realize single
Frequency laser stablizes output；
(7) filter wavelength for adjusting tunable optic filter realizes the tunable of single-frequency laser output.
9. the implementation method of tunable single-frequency optical fiber laser according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in step (7),
Tunable range is limited to the bandwidth of operation of tunable optic filter and the gain bandwidth of laser gain medium.
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| CN108534986B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-03-31 | 安徽大学 | Multi-longitudinal-mode laser resonant cavity FSR measuring device and measuring method |
| US11677207B2 (en) | 2021-10-04 | 2023-06-13 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Continuously tunable booster optical amplifier-based fiber ring laser covering L and extended L bands |
| CN114498261B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-11-10 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-wavelength fiber laser with adjustable stable optical signal-to-noise ratio |
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