CN103928834A - Ultra-narrow line-width FDML ring-shaped laser based on SOA - Google Patents
Ultra-narrow line-width FDML ring-shaped laser based on SOA Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an ultra-narrow line-width FDML ring-shaped laser based on an SOA. According to the ultra-narrow line-width FDML ring-shaped laser based on the SOA, a ring-shaped cavity is formed by an optical isolator, the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), a tunable filter, a first coupling device, a feedback loop, a second coupling device and a first single mode fiber loop. The feedback loop comprises an optical circulator, a high Rayleigh scattering fiber loop, a tunable attenuator, a third single mode fiber loop, a first polarization controller, a fourth single mode fiber loop and a second polarization controller. The ultra-narrow line-width FDML ring-shaped laser based on the SOA has the advantages of being ultra-narrow in line-width and tunable in wave length.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber communication and optical fiber measurement field, relate in particular to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA.
Background technology
Fourier locked mode (Fourier Domain Mode Locking is called for short FDML) represents a kind of brand-new laser work state.Completely different from the locked mode mechanism of traditional amplitude modulation(PAM) or phase-modulation; FDML is a kind of locked mode mode of spectrum modulation; the laser of FDML laser output frequency continuous sweep; can compressed output ultrashort laser pulse sequence, all scanning frequency information is stored in laserresonator and (is generally annular chamber) with the form of light.FDML is also the Wavelength-swept laser (Wavelength Swept Laser is called for short WSL) on a kind of ordinary meaning, realizes the continuous sweep of high speed wavelength in certain wave-length coverage, and instantaneous output peak power is high, the laser of line width.
Narrow linewidth laser has the features such as pumping threshold is low, conversion efficiency is high, good heat dissipation effect, tuning range is wide, coupling efficiency is high, compact conformation, rely on its narrow linewidth, low noise and other advantages to be widely used in Fibre Optical Sensor, optical fiber remote sensing high accuracy spectrum and fiber optic communication field, can greatly promote the development of wide range sensing, telemeasurement laser radar.
2000, southwest hands over great Pan bright around utilizing semiconductor optical amplifier (Service-Oriented Architecture, be called for short SOA) as core devices, coordinate tail-fiber type mechanical tuning band pass filter as modeling element, by online fiber coupler, isolator and monomode fiber etc. form external cavity type tunable fiber ring resonator semiconductor laser (FRSLs), set up theoretically the physical model of FRSLs, obtain being applicable to the Single-Mode Traveling-Wave rate equation of FRSLs, after simplifying, obtain the analytical expression of photon stream density distribution, the performance of FRSLs has been carried out to quantitative analysis, set up experimental provision and the corresponding test macro of FRSLs, realized dynamic single longitudinal mode under high-repetition-rate tuning, obtained stable single-frequency light pulse output.Adopt radio-frequency current directly to modulate, obtained repetition rate is greater than 36nm lower than 100ps, tuning range short optical pulse row higher than 1GHz, half value full duration.It seems from existing document, doctor's Pan Wei work may be domestic the earliest about the report of tunable SOA annular cavity laser, and still, regrettably, he does not mention any thing about Fourier locked mode.
2009, the Chen Da of Zhejiang University, as introduced basic conception and the operation principle of FDML fiber laser, built continuous wave FDML fiber laser and has been applied to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating is called for short FBG) demodulation.In annular chamber, add the filter of fixed wave length, realize the limited FDML fiber laser of a kind of frequency spectrum, inquired into the application of this technology aspect FBG multi-point sensing, and amplify and realized remote stress sensing in conjunction with Raman.
The people such as Ding Zhihua, Chen Minghui has summarized present Research and the progress of rapid frequency-sweeping light source in 2009, introduce optimal frequency domain imaging technique and application based on rapid frequency-sweeping light source, and inquired into regard to the subject matter of this field existence and the trend of technical development.2011, they reported a kind of broadband fast linear Wavelength-swept laser based on grating polygonal mirror tuned filter.Tuned filter is made up of grating and polygonal rotating mirror, has adopted non-telescope Littrow layout.The two semiconductor optical amplifiers that adopted spontaneous emission light spectral limit to expand each other in laserresonator, and both in parallel uses are guaranteed to wide spectral range.Wavelength scanning range is 170nm, and centre wavelength is 1312nm.When the rotating speed of polygonal mirror reaches 695r/s, length scanning speed is 50kHz, and corresponding Laser output average power is 2mW.
The people such as S.H.Yun in 2004 have reported a kind of Wavelength-swept laser that utilizes diffraction grating and oscillating mirror to make filter.By a centre wavelength, near SOA 1310nm does gain media to laser; Speculum by a diffraction grating and vibrations is realized filtering, when speculum rotates to certain angle, only has corresponding wavelength to turn back in laser, thereby realizes filter action.Can be by adjusting driving signal controlling laser wavelength scanning scope and the scanning frequency of speculum in experiment.It is 80nm that experiment has obtained wavelength scanning range, and scanning frequency is 500Hz, and instantaneous spectrum live width is less than the laser of 0.06nm.2005, the people such as R.Huber reported Wavelength-swept laser.This laser forms an annular chamber by monomode fiber, does gain media with SOA, and filter is adjustable optic fibre Fabry-Perot filter.This laser power output under the length scanning frequency of 20kHz can reach 45mW.
R.Huber has analyzed the shortcoming of traditional Wavelength-swept laser, for traditional length scanning fiber laser, whenever filter sees through wavelength shift, the vibration mode in laser cavity can be upset before, and new starting of oscillation pattern will re-establish from the spontaneous radiation of gain media again.Each change filter see through wavelength, laser all will re-establish stable operational mode, therefore, laser from spontaneous radiation to form laser time restriction length scanning speed, traditional Wavelength-swept laser scanning frequency that Here it is is difficult to the important bottleneck improving.
Compare with traditional Wavelength-swept laser, FDML laser has overcome wavelength shift and need to again form from spontaneous radiation the shortcoming of laser.Therefore, its length scanning speed significantly improves.The people such as R.Huber in 2006 have proposed a kind of Fourier mode locked fiber laser, and have provided the time domain specification of output laser under several different scanning frequencies, and wherein maximum wavelength scanning frequency is up to 290kHz, and wavelength scanning range exceedes 100nm.
The people such as Christian Jirauschek in 2009, for FDML laser has proposed a kind of theoretical model, have drawn time domain change curve and the laser center wavelength curve over time of laser amplitude by numerical simulation.Result proves, dispersion, non linear coefficient in monomode fiber are very little on the impact of laser amplitude, and time of detouring in filter wavelength scan period and chamber while not mating is very large on laser amplitude impact.And in subsequently several years, they utilize this theoretical model, analyze the impact on the output of FDML laser of annular chamber each physical effect, comprise dispersion, the factor such as gain recovery and linewidth enhancement factor from phase-modulation and SOA.
People's experimental studies such as Benjamin in 2009 optical fiber dispersion, the impact of filter bandwidht on FDML laser instantaneous spectrum live width.And in subsequently 1 year, design a kind of electrooptical modulation method, can directly measure FDML laser instantaneous spectrum live width, electrooptical modulation method has overcome this shortcoming, it is with a signal driver electrooptic modulator identical with FDML laser scans, electrooptic modulator can only allow the light in very short time pass through (approximately a few ns) at every turn, because driving signal and scan period are synchronous, the light wavelength of at every turn passing through is also identical.So just can directly measure the instantaneous spectrum live width of FDML laser.
At present the common technology of narrow linewidth single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser has: (1) is controlled and utilized the polarization state of the light wave that meets in chamber to eliminate the incoherent technology of the spatial hole burning that standing wave effect causes; (2) in chamber, adopt Fiber Bragg Grating as laser mirror, can obtain the arrowband output of laser; (3) in laser cavity, add pumping doped fiber not to carry out frequency-selecting and suppress the saturated absorbing body technical scheme of mode hopping; (4) due to effective utilization of various nonlinear effects in optical fiber, there is again in recent years the narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser based on Brillouin scattering or Rayleigh scattering.
2003; Jae Chul Yong utilizes the Coupled Feedback/output of non-equilibrium MZ interferometer; Distributed Feedback Laser pumping realizes single-frequency continuous light Brillouin optical fiber laser; the relative position of longitudinal mode position and brillouin gain peak value affects laser single longitudinal mode or the work of many longitudinal modes; employing is stablized feedback loop technology from motion tracking and has been realized single-frequency steady operation; the about 3.18mW of Brillouin laser power output when pumping light power 26.4mW, power fluctuation is suppressed at below 4%, records live width and is less than 1kHz.
The people such as Zhu Tao, Bao Xiaoyi utilizes stimulated rayleigh scattering to realize longitudinal mode inhibition, and single longitudinal mode super-narrow line width fiber laser is studied in detail.2010, in optical fiber, observe stimulated rayleigh scattering phenomenon, and point out that this phenomenon can be used for laser linewidth compression, preliminary theory analysis shows that the method can realize the super-narrow line width Laser output of tens of Hz, and it is adjustable to realize the wavelength of ultra wide band range.Within 2011, realized the tunable laser output that 3dB live width is less than 2KHz, Output of laser side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) reaches 70dB, carried out wavelength tuning within the scope of 0.6nm, and luminous power is up to 5dBm.2013, utilize to be about 21 of distributing on the optical fiber of 110m and to draw wimble structure, implementation pattern suppresses and live width compression, has again reported the single longitudinal mode super-narrow line width laser based on Rayleigh scattering, tests and obtains the about 200Hz of Output of laser live width.Further, they introduce from injecting feedback system, have obtained the single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser that live width is less than 130Hz, and SMSR is up to 75dB.
At fiber optic communication field, in following high bandwidth, the optical communication system of high transfer rate, need high-quality light source, especially the wavelength dependence of optical communication system can real time high-speed measurement aspect, require very high to the dynamic characteristic of light source, and wavelength tuning characteristic is also one of important parameter, super-narrow line width FDML laser relies on its good dynamic tuning characteristic, and the dispersion, the polarization mode dispersion etc. that can be used for optical fiber telecommunications system are measured at a high speed and spectrum analysis.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of a kind of super-narrow line width, tunable wave length.
First aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA, the described super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA forms an annular chamber by optical isolator, semiconductor optical amplifier SOA, tunable optic filter, the first coupler, feedback loop, the second coupler, the first monomode fiber ring, wherein:
Described feedback loop comprises: optical circulator, high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring, tunable attenuator, the 3rd monomode fiber ring, the first Polarization Controller, the 4th monomode fiber ring, the second Polarization Controller;
Light beam is exported by described the first coupler, and enters into described optical circulator by the first port of described optical circulator; The light beam that enters described optical circulator is exported by the second port of described optical circulator, and a part of light beam arrives described high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring and produces Rayleigh scattering light dorsad, and another part light beam continues the described tunable attenuator of transmission arrival and forms straight-through light beam; Described straight-through light beam is transported to the first port of described the second coupler through tuning and described the 3rd monomode fiber ring; The second port that described Rayleigh scattering light dorsad turns back to described optical circulator enters described optical circulator, and exported by the 3rd port of described optical circulator, after the second port ECDC bundle that arrives described the second coupler through described the second Polarization Controller, described the 4th monomode fiber ring, described the first Polarization Controller successively, export.
Second aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA makes the described super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA have spontaneous radiation source by spontaneous radiation, when the described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA of each light beam process, be exaggerated, produce laser to realize stimulated radiation.
The third aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, described optical isolator is provided with the first optical isolator and the second optical isolator, described the first optical isolator and described the second optical isolator setting are positioned at the two ends of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA, for making described light beam one-way transmission.
Fourth aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, the carrier recovery time of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA is 300ps.
The 5th aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, described annular chamber reserves two ports, and port type is set to annular connector FC/ dimpling polishing connector APC, and the method by welding between all the other elements connects.
The 6th aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, selects the best splitting ratio of described the first coupler and described the second coupler according to the length of described annular chamber inner fiber; The splitting ratio of described the first coupler is set to 30:70, and the splitting ratio of described the second coupler is set to 50:50.
The 7th aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, described tunable optic filter requires to select wavelength according to design sweep speed, to realize filtering.
Eight aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, the drive circuit of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA and described tunable optic filter is by based on FPGA Direct Digital, frequency synthesis realizes.
The 9th aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, Rayleigh scattering light and the ratio of described straight-through light beam in ring dorsad described in described adjustable attenuator control, described in making, Rayleigh scattering light further compresses the bandwidth of light beam in described annular chamber dorsad, finally realizes narrow-linewidth laser output.
The tenth aspect, according to a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA of embodiment of the present invention, if whole fiber lengths is set to ring length, the length of described high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber is Fiber2, described the first monomode fiber ring length is that Fiber1, described the 3rd monomode fiber ring length are that Fiber3, described the 4th monomode fiber ring length are Fiber4, and the length of each several part optical fiber meets following condition:
Fiber3＝Fiber2+Fiber4；ring?length＝Fiber1+Fiber2+Fiber3。
Because adopt the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA, technique scheme has following beneficial effect:
(1) take Fourier locked mode FDML mode of operation, can greatly improve length scanning speed, the length scanning speed that has broken through traditional Wavelength-swept laser is subject to the restrictions such as fiber annular cavity length, filter tuner speed, gain media metastable state carrier lifetime, break the limitation that is difficult to realize high sweep speed, for optical communication and light sensing provide high speed wavelength tuned laser;
(2) adopt the mode of stimulated rayleigh scattering feedback, when realizing the function of super-narrow line width, do not affect the resonance problems of FDML annular chamber, can provide high-quality light source for coherent measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser schematic diagram according to the based semiconductor image intensifer SOA of one embodiment of the present invention and stimulated rayleigh scattering;
Fig. 3 is the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser schematic diagram based on SOA according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the laser spectroscopy while exporting continuous wavelength according to the annular chamber scan laser of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the Fabry-Perot tunable wavelength filter triangular wave drive circuit output according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
(1) performance test of annular chamber scan laser and the realization of stimulated rayleigh scattering
Embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA.First, build optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser 100, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises: semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, the first optical isolator 1021, the second optical isolator 1022, tunable optic filter 103, coupler 104.Semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 is as spontaneous radiation source and the amplifying device of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser, make laser have spontaneous radiation source by the spontaneous radiation of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, when each light beam process semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, can be amplified by semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, finally realize stimulated radiation and produce laser.The first optical isolator 1021, the second optical isolator 1022 arrange the two ends that are positioned at semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, transmit along prescribed direction one-way for the ring light that makes optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser 100.Tunable optic filter 103 makes filter to require to select wavelength on a large scale according to design sweep speed under the effect of drive circuit 1031, realizes filtering.Coupler 104 reasonably distributes the laser of Output of laser and ring inner loop, realizes the beam splitting of laser.
The non-linear gain process of based semiconductor image intensifer SOA101 and the high speed tuning process of filter are obtained in experiment, and the output characteristic of Fourier locked mode FDML and the relation of the each parameter of system, comprise the gain of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, phase place, noise, charge carrier recovers dynamic process, drive current, semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 structure and size, filter see through characteristic, tuned speed, the polarization characteristic of annular chamber, loss, the impact of all many reference amounts of dispersion etc. on optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser 100, obtain forming the performance test results of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser 100 each several part devices.Develop high Rayleigh scattering medium or structure based on silica fiber simultaneously, suppress other nonlinear scattering process, strengthen Rayleigh scattering feedback, and utilize high-speed oscilloscope etc. to measure laser process of establishing, comprise the phenomenons such as longitudinal mode inhibition, live width compression, and in evenly broadening medium (as EDF) and inhomogeneous broadening (as SOA) medium the difference of laser process of establishing.Observe on this basis within the scope of the gain spectral of inhomogeneous broadening medium SOA, Rayleigh scattering realizes the process that longitudinal mode suppresses and live width is compressed; Detect subsequently the influence of active medium carrier lifetime to stimulated rayleigh scattering, observe its impact on feedback oscillator process and live width compression.Final selection utilizes inhomogeneous broadening medium SOA as gain media, due to generally approximately hundreds of ps of carrier lifetime of SOA, be 300ps charge carrier turnaround time of the semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 of the embodiment of the present invention, than the little 7-8 of a now widely used EDF magnitude, consequent laser process of establishing there are differences, so on the basis of the doped fiber ring laser of setting up above, propose as the research approach of Fig. 2, Rayleigh scattering light and straight-through light feedback are injected semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 jointly dorsad simultaneously, in annular chamber, transmit, finally realize the super-narrow line width FDML laser based on SOA.
(2) annular chamber is realized to dispersion management and wavelength scaling, realize Fourier locked mode mode of operation.
Multi-wavelength resonance in Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser cavity, the dispersion meeting of annular chamber affects the output of high-velocity scanning wavelength, the dispersion management technique of optical fiber link is very ripe in optical fiber telecommunications system, abundant achievement in research and experience are accumulated by experiment, therefore, combining with theoretical analysis and experimental study, be used for Fourier locked mode FDML by dispersion management technique, improve sweep bandwidth, improve output spectrum characteristic.Adopt multiple dispersion management method, comprise that ordinary optic fibre adds dispersion compensating fiber, dispersion shifted optical fiber, chirp grating etc., adjust the dispersion characteristics within the scope of Fourier locked mode FDML scanning wavelength, reduce the transmission time delay difference within the scope of full bandwidth, realize wide bandwidth, power equalization, fast wave long scan Laser output, realize the dispersion of annular chamber is carried out to control and management.
Finally realize the control to Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser output wavelength by controlling tunable optic filter 103 scanning modes.Because the centre wavelength of tunable optic filter 103 is non-linear relation with the voltage being applied on PZT, and after each end of scan, the position of PZT is different, the version of each scanning curve is also variant, cannot obtain unified mathematic(al) representation with curve; And not only influence by voltage of PZT, ambient temperature also can change the operating state of PZT, and experiment shows, 10 DEG C of temperature changes, under same voltage, the centre wavelength of tunable optic filter 103 changes 3-5nm.So in the each scanning process of Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser need tunable optic filter 103 to carry out dynamic calibration.
Concrete scaling method is as follows: adopt etalon and absorb air chamber the dynamic calibration of realizing Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser output wavelength, form closed-loop control process, by the demarcation of wavelength, dynamically adjust PZT scanning voltage, make tunable optic filter 103 be operated in a controlled stable state, thereby realize the controlled of Fourier locked mode FDML fiber laser output wavelength and demarcate.Etalon reality is also a pectination tunable optic filter 103, and the peak-to-peak 0.8nm that is spaced apart of adjacent two transmissions, is divided into 100 intervals by the free spectral range of tunable optic filter 103, and the voltage in each interval can be thought linear to the variation of wavelength.When Fourier locked mode FDML laser wavelength scanning, also pectination tunable optic filter 103 is scanned simultaneously, instantaneous output spectra must be in certain interval of pectination tunable optic filter 103, then uses linear interpolation just can obtain the accurate location of Fourier locked mode FDML laser output wavelength.
But our accepted standard tool pectination tunable optic filter 103 also can be subject to the impact of temperature, in the time of 100 DEG C of variations in temperature, the position excursion 2-5pm of pectination tunable optic filter 103 each peak values, therefore calibrates device and also can bring measure error.Due to the absorption line of gas vary with temperature minimum, the error of bringing in order to proofread and correct pectination tunable optic filter 103, the air chamber absorption spectrum of available injection acetylene gas is demarcated.Carry out can being demarcated absworption peak by pectination tunable optic filter 103 after single pass, the difference of the result obtaining and the absorption line of standard i.e. the measure error for being caused by temperature, laser output wavelength is demarcated by this error, can realize accurately like this output of controlling laser wavelength, also realize Fourier locked mode FDML mode of operation simultaneously.
(3) design driven and control circuit.
The Primary Component of super-narrow line width FDML laser comprises semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, tunable optic filter 103 and high Rayleigh scattering medium, and first we will design and develop driving (comprising direct current, interchange) and the temperature control of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 and tunable optic filter 103.The drive current of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 is adjustable continuously, and temperature is controlled continuously, exchanges the frequency and the amplitude that drive all adjustable.
Obtain the electrology characteristic parameter of tunable optic filter 103 by measurement, comprise equivalent resistance, inductance and electric capacity, taking measurement data as according to design driven and control system, the tuning characteristic of research tunable optic filter 103, comprise linear relationship, Tuning Mechanism and the tuned frequency etc. of centre wavelength and driving voltage, tuning scheme and the technology of the research above ultrahigh speed of MHz, the parameters such as driving function, frequency, voltage and the amplitude of tunable optic filter 103 are all adjustable, and working temperature is adjustable.
The realization of drives aspect: the driving and controlling circuits part of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 and tunable optic filter 103 adopts based on FPGA Direct Digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology and generates random waveform, realize the adjusting of arbitrary function waveform frequency, amplitude, level, design waveform signal amplifying circuit meets the driving voltage of tunable optic filter 103.Control section is mainly temperature control, outside adjusting and demonstration, comprises three aspects: adopt peltier-element and thermistor to realize temperature control; The signal of the control buttons such as frequency acquisition, amplitude, function, is input to FPGA, completes the control of the parameter such as frequency and amplitude of output waveform; Output frequency, amplitude, level, temperature information are to display screen.Ambient temperature is in the time that 10-40 degree changes, and temperature control circuit makes tunable optic filter 103 be operated in 25 degree, temperature fluctuation <0.1 degree.
The realization of Fourier locked mode FDML: usually, the fundamental frequency of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is relevant with optical maser wavelength, Fourier locked mode FDML laser requires the integral multiple of the fundamental frequency that length scanning frequency is optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, therefore, only in the time of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity non-dispersive, could realize the scanning frequency coupling within the scope of full bandwidth, realize Fourier locked mode FDML.Arrive the asynchronism(-nization) of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 and tunable optic filter 103 from the Rayleigh scattering light of diverse location scattering, in Fig. 2, on high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062, different experience propagation delay times are fed back to semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 by the Rayleigh scattering light dorsad of diverse location, therefore, we can only ensure that abundant Rayleigh scattering light is through semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 and tunable optic filter 103, the output of formation resonance, realizes super-narrow line width Fourier locked mode FDML laser.In order to make Rayleigh scattering light and pump light form resonance simultaneously, whole fiber lengths is set to ringlength, the length of high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062 is Fiber2, the first monomode fiber ring 1061 length are that Fiber1, the 3rd monomode fiber ring 1063 length are that Fiber3, the 4th monomode fiber ring 1064 length are Fiber4, and the length of each several part optical fiber meets following condition:
Fiber3＝Fiber2+Fiber4；ring?length＝Fiber1+Fiber2+Fiber3。
Illustrate length condition: if the long 10km of ring, the light of 1550nm wave band cycle of detouring in annular chamber is 50us so, and the scanning frequency of tunable optic filter 103 should be 20kHz could realize Fourier locked mode FDML; If waveguide tuning range is 50nm, the three dB bandwidth of tunable optic filter 103 is 0.1nm, can think equivalently that so the time of staying of each resonance wave strong point is 0.1nm/50nm/20kHz=0.1us, so just require the poor 0.1us of being no more than of back-scattering light round-trip delay at the high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber of Rayleigh scattering medium ring 1062 two ends, like this, the length of high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062 must be less than 10m; If annular chamber increases, tunable optic filter 103 tuned frequencies will reduce so, and high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062 will suitably lengthen.
(4) debugging of super-narrow line width FDML laser
The debugging work of super-narrow line width FDML Optical Maser System mainly comprises: the driving of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 and the debugging of control system; The driving of tunable optic filter 103 and control system debugging; The debugging (scattering coefficient, length etc.) of Rayleigh scattering medium or optical fiber structure; The adjusting of Polarization Controller; The adjusting of coupler 104 splitting ratios; Length of ring cavity regulates and dispersion management; The monitoring of laser output wavelength and demarcation etc.After debugging, determine each optical device parameter, drive circuitry parameter etc. in super-narrow line width FDML Optical Maser System.
(5) realization of super-narrow line width FDML laser
Super-narrow line width FDML ring laser system diagram based on SOA as shown in Figure 3.Because the output of laser and resonance are subject to polarization impact greatly in annular chamber, in super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA, the control of polarization state is significant, so add the first Polarization Controller 1081 and the second polarizer 1082 to realize the control to the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser polarization state based on SOA on the basis of Fig. 2 scheme.
The super-narrow line width Fourier mode-locked laser of based semiconductor image intensifer SOA, by semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, the first optical isolator 1021, the second optical isolator 1022, tunable optic filter 103, the first coupler 1041, the second coupler 1042, feedback loop, the second coupler 1042, an annular chamber of the first monomode fiber 1061 ring compositions, wherein: feedback loop comprises: optical circulator 105, high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062, tunable attenuator VOA107, the 3rd monomode fiber ring 1063, the first Polarization Controller 1081, the 4th monomode fiber ring 1064, the second Polarization Controller 1082.
Semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 is as spontaneous radiation source and the amplifying device of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity scan laser, make laser have spontaneous radiation source by the spontaneous radiation of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, when each light beam process semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, can be amplified by semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101.For making the spontaneous emission light of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 along the direction transmission of regulation, the one-way transmission of light path is mainly realized by the first optical isolator 1021 and the first optical isolator 1022 that are positioned at semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101 two ends.Unidirectional light beam after amplification is transferred to tunable optic filter 103, makes tunable optic filter 103 to require to select wavelength on a large scale according to design sweep speed under the effect of drive circuit 1031, realizes the filtering to light beam.
Filtered light beam arrives the first coupler 1041, part light beam is by the first port A output of the first coupler 1041, another part light beam, by the second port B output of the first coupler 1041, arrives the first port C of optical circulator 105 through reserved port H1.The light beam that enters into optical circulator 105 is exported by its second port D.The light beam of D port output, a part arrives high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062 and produces Rayleigh scattering light dorsad, and another part continuation transmission arrives tunable attenuator VOA107 and forms straight-through light beam.Straight-through light beam carries through tunable attenuator VOA107 and the 3rd monomode fiber ring 1063 the first port F that arrives the second coupler 1042, high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring 1062 and monomode fiber ring 1063 are mainly the generations in order to strengthen Rayleigh scattering, tunable attenuator VOA107 is mainly for controlling the light intensity through monomode fiber ring 1063, and then control Rayleigh scattering light and the intensity of straight-through light in annular chamber, by regulating tunable attenuator VOA107 that Rayleigh scattering light dorsad is further compressed the bandwidth of laser beam in annular chamber, finally realize narrow-linewidth laser output.The second port D that described Rayleigh scattering light dorsad turns back to optical circulator 105 enters optical circulator 105, and exported by the 3rd port E of optical circulator 105, arrive successively the second port G of the second coupler 1042 through the second Polarization Controller 1082, the 4th monomode fiber ring 1064, the first Polarization Controller 1081.The second coupler 1042 has been realized the bundle that closes of two-beam.The laser closing after bundle is connected to the first optical isolator 1021 by the second coupler 1042 through reserved port H2, realizes loop.
The fiber coupler of different splitting ratios has a great impact laser output power, and meanwhile, it is for the also important of resonance of endovenous laser.According to the length of annular chamber inner fiber and experimental result, the best splitting ratio of selection, the splitting ratio of the first coupler 1041 is set to 30:70, and the splitting ratio of the second coupler 1042 is set to 50:50.
Reserved port H1, H2 all connect by FC/APC, are all to connect by welding between all the other devices, and this is mainly in order to reduce the loss effect in end face reflection and chamber.By the syndeton of different modes, can realize different functions; For example, if two ports only connect by optical fiber, so just can realize the function of a length scanning fiber laser.
Light beam resonance repeatedly in whole annular chamber, due to the gain of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA101, and the feedback effect of Rayleigh scattering, finally realizes the Fourier locked mode FDML Laser output of super-narrow line width.The scanning of wavelength is by realizing the modulation of tunable optic filter 103.By regulating the parameter of scan laser, as shown in Figure 4, the triangle wave voltage signal that driving tunable optic filter 103 produces as shown in Figure 5 for the laser spectroscopy can obtain the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser output continuous wavelength based on SOA time.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection range being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA, it is characterized in that, the described super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA forms an annular chamber by optical isolator, semiconductor optical amplifier SOA, tunable optic filter, the first coupler, feedback loop, the second coupler, the first monomode fiber ring, wherein:
Described feedback loop comprises: optical circulator, high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring, tunable attenuator, the 3rd monomode fiber ring, the first Polarization Controller, the 4th monomode fiber ring, the second Polarization Controller;
Light beam is exported by described the first coupler, and enters into described optical circulator by the first port of described optical circulator; The light beam that enters described optical circulator is exported by the second port of described optical circulator, and a part of light beam arrives described high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber ring and produces Rayleigh scattering light dorsad, and another part light beam continues the described tunable attenuator of transmission arrival and forms straight-through light beam; Described straight-through light beam is transported to the first port of described the second coupler through tuning and described the 3rd monomode fiber ring; The second port that described Rayleigh scattering light dorsad turns back to described optical circulator enters described optical circulator, and exported by the 3rd port of described optical circulator, after the second port ECDC bundle that arrives described the second coupler through described the second Polarization Controller, described the 4th monomode fiber ring, described the first Polarization Controller successively, export.
2. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA makes the described super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA have spontaneous radiation source by spontaneous radiation, when the described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA of each light beam process, be exaggerated, produce laser to realize stimulated radiation.
3. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical isolator is provided with the first optical isolator and the second optical isolator, described the first optical isolator and described the second optical isolator setting are positioned at the two ends of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA, for making described light beam one-way transmission.
4. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the carrier recovery time of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA is 300ps.
5. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described annular chamber reserves two ports, and port type is set to annular connector FC/ dimpling polishing connector APC, and the method by welding between all the other elements connects.
6. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, selects the best splitting ratio of described the first coupler and described the second coupler according to the length of described annular chamber inner fiber; The splitting ratio of described the first coupler is set to 30:70, and the splitting ratio of described the second coupler is set to 50:50.
7. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described tunable optic filter requires to select wavelength according to design sweep speed, to realize filtering.
8. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the drive circuit of described semiconductor optical amplifier SOA and described tunable optic filter is by frequency synthesis realizes based on FPGA Direct Digital.
9. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, Rayleigh scattering light and the ratio of described straight-through light beam in ring dorsad described in described adjustable attenuator control, described in making, Rayleigh scattering light further compresses the bandwidth of light beam in described annular chamber dorsad, finally realizes narrow-linewidth laser output.
10. the super-narrow line width FDML ring laser based on SOA as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, if whole fiber lengths is set to ring length, the length of described high Rayleigh scattering optical fiber is Fiber2, described the first monomode fiber ring length is that Fiber1, described the 3rd monomode fiber ring length are that Fiber3, described the 4th monomode fiber ring length are Fiber4, and the length of each several part optical fiber meets following condition:
Fiber3＝Fiber2+Fiber4；ring?length＝Fiber1+Fiber2+Fiber3。
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