CN103840359A - Tunable multi-wavelength stable narrow linewidth optical laser - Google Patents
Tunable multi-wavelength stable narrow linewidth optical laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ring shape multi-wavelength optical laser, in particular to a tunable multi-wavelength optical laser, and belongs to the technical field of laser. Lights emitted from a pumping source go through a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), enter an erbium-doped fiber to acquire optical gains, go through a first couple, and respectively enter two paratactic sagnac rings respectively. The lights came from the two sagnac rings enter a fourth couple, the lights came from an isolator enter an tunable optical raster, the lights came from the tunable optical raster enter a fifth couple, the fifth couple is a 90:10 couple which can divide the lights into two paths, wherein 10% of the lights is used as output lights, and 90% of the lights feedbacks to the wavelength division multiplexer along a fiber optic, and thenthe process is repeated. When the gain of the whole loop circuit is more than the loss of the whole loop, the output end of the fifth couple can acquire the output of the stable tunable multi-wavelength laser, and the input direction and output direction of the lights of the first couple and the fourth couple are just opposite.
Description
technical field:
This patent relates to a kind of loop configuration multi-wavelength optical fiber laser, especially Tunable Multi-wavelength Fiber Laser, belongs to laser technology field.
background technology:
Along with the development of high capacity fiber communication network, wavelength-division multiplex technique has become the mainstream technology of long haul communication main line and optical-fiber network.Multi-wavelength optical fiber laser can be avoided channel confliction effectively as the important light source in wavelength route network, becomes especially study hotspot.Simultaneously multi-wavelength optical fiber laser has that line width, power output are high, good stability, is easy to and the advantage such as optical fiber telecommunications system compatibility, makes it at optical fiber sensing system, optic test, and the aspects such as spectroscopy all have a wide range of applications.
Traditional multi-wavelength signals source is by a series of single wavelength dfb semiconductor laser constitutions, and technology is relatively simple, and shortcoming is that system is huge, cost is high, and in the time considering with the optical-fiber network of optical switch node, problem is just more outstanding.And from simplified structure, the angle that reduces costs, be convenient to safeguard considers, can realize channel spacing, multi-wavelength optical fiber laser that number of channels is adjustable has obvious application advantage.
For this application target, a large amount of research work are done.In the article that is entitled as " 16-Wavelength 10-GHz Actively Mode-Locked Fiber Laser With Demultiplexed Outputs Anchored on the ITU-T Grid " that the people such as Rie Hayashi deliver in December, 2003 on photon technology wall bulletin (IEEE PTL), employing is cooled to the erbium-doped fiber of liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) as gain media, adopt circulator, the feedback loop that lithium niobate external modulator etc. form is as one end of resonant cavity, the waveguide array that reflectivity is 90% as the other end of resonant cavity simultaneously also as wavelength selector, 16 wavelength are realized, the mode locking pulse output of wavelength interval 100GHz.But due to the even spreading characteristic that Er-doped fiber gains at normal temperatures conventionally, only at very low temperature, just may realize the output of multi-wavelength Simultaneous Stabilization, this is a very large problem in actual applications.
Realize under normal temperature output wavelength adjustable, output wavelength interval can be in harmonious proportion output channel number adjustable be always multiple-wavelength laser study emphasis.Had in recent years several different methods as: introduce frequency displacement feedback mechanism, twin-core erbium-doped fiber, oval Er-doped fiber, acousto-optic frequency shifters, sinusoidal phase modulation device, four-wave mixing effect etc., but these method structures comparatively complicated and have need to carry out special processing to gain fibre, the equipment that some needs are special, has the cost degradation of being unfavorable for and integrated.
2005, Young-Geun Han and Gilhwan Kim are at Photonics Technology Letters, the article that is entitled as " Lasing Wavelength and Spacing Switchable Multiwavelength Fiber Laser From 1510 to 1620 nm " of delivering on IEEE has reported that their output wavelength between 1510nm ~ 1620nm of acquisition is adjustable, wavelength interval is adjustable, the multi-wavelength optical fiber laser of steady operation under the normal temperature that output channel number is adjustable.The main body of its experimental provision is by hybrid gain medium (SOA, C-band EDFA, L-band EDFA) and adjustable PMF Lyot-Sagnac filter composition.Utilize the self-saturation effect of semiconductor optical amplifier to obtain the multiwavelength laser output of stable high s/n ratio, the non-linear gain compacting of SOA also can be used to adjust output wavelength.But SOA is not full optical device, coupling loss is bigger than normal, and power output is very limited.
Multiwavelength Erbium-doped Fiber Laser based on Brillouin scattering is also the focus of Recent study, this class laser combines the non-linear gain of linear gain and the Brillouin scattering of Er-doped fiber, the effective ways that at room temperature produce multi-wavelength output, but, because the non-linear gain coefficient of stimulated Brillouin scattering is less, the fiber lengths that General Requirements is grown and larger pump power, this also has very large restriction to the improvement of output characteristic.
The another kind of common structure that realizes multi-wavelength output is to utilize Mach-Zehnder interferometer, 2007, Chen, in the article of the topic " Channel-spacing-tunable multi-wavelength fiber ring laser with hybrid Raman and Erbium-doped fiber gains " that the people such as Daru deliver on OPTICS EXPRES, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is improved, use variable optical delay line Mach-Zehnde interferometer, at room temperature realize the variable multi-wavelength optical fiber laser of channel spacing, but variable optical delay line need to computerized control, be unfavorable for the overall package of system, and this type of laser is normally nonadjustable.
2008, in the article that is entitled as " Switchable multiwavelength erbium doped fiber laser based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror incorporating multiple fiber Bragg gratings " that the people such as Thi Van Anh Tran deliver on OPTICS EXPRESS, adopt the multi-channel filter of high nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber in conjunction with the Waveguide array optical grating constitution of the multiple fiber gratings of connection, realized the multi-wavelength tunable output under room temperature.In its structure, adopt multiple fiber gratings to be connected with Waveguide array grating, complex structure, and introduce multiple fusion points and caused larger loss.
In a word, up to the present, the technology that simultaneously realizes the laser of multi-wavelength output still can not meet the demand of application.
summary of the invention:
The problems such as technical problem to be solved by this invention is: in solution prior art, tunability is poor, and stability is not high, narrow linewidth output complex process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of tunable multi-wavelength is stablized narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser, the light that pumping source sends enters after by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and in erbium-doped fiber, obtains the gain of light, then divide two-way to enter respectively in two sagnac rings arranged side by side by the first coupler, the light that encircles out from two sagnac enters the 4th coupler, enter adjustable optic fibre grating from isolator light out, enter the 5th coupler from adjustable optic fibre grating light out, the 5th coupler is that the coupler of a 90:10 is divided into two-way the light entering, wherein 10% as output light, 90% feeds back to wavelength division multiplexer along optical fiber, repeat said process, when whole loop gain is greater than loss, obtain stable tunable multi-wavelength Laser output at the output of the 5th coupler, the first coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the 4th coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the light turnover direction of the first coupler and the 4th coupler is just contrary.
As a kind of optimal way: two sagnac rings are that a sagnac ring and the 2nd sagnac encircle, the one sagnac ring comprises the second coupler, the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, the first chirped fiber grating, the first polarization-maintaining fiber, the second polarization-maintaining fiber, the 2nd sagnac ring comprises the 3rd coupler, the 3rd Polarization Controller, the 4th Polarization Controller, the second chirped fiber grating, the 3rd polarization-maintaining fiber, the 4th polarization-maintaining fiber, the second coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the 3rd coupler is the coupler of a 50:50.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by changing polarisation of light state in two sagnac rings, the consistent light of two bundle polarization states that the two row light waves that make to meet in chirped fiber grating are opposite direction, obtain the optimum length of polarization maintaining optical fibre by analysis, make this two-beam there is certain phase difference, in its relaying process, interfere, make the live width of the multi-wavelength emergent light obtaining in chirp grating narrower.Meanwhile, in device, introduce polarization and rely on element, can effectively suppress the even Bandwidth of erbium-doped fiber, realize the multi-wavelength optical fiber Laser output of ambient stable.This patent adopts two sagnac to encircle structure in parallel, and the live width of the multi-wavelength emergent light obtaining is had and well narrows effect.Adopt the adjustable fiber grating in broadband as wavelength regulation element.The output coupler of a 90:10 feeds back to most luminous power in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, selects operation wavelength to cover optical coupler and the optical isolator of output wavelength scope.The present invention is without being placed on gain media in liquid nitrogen, also do not need complexity and expensive device, simple in structure be easy to realize and cost low, there is good application prospect.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's the one sagnac ring structure schematic diagram;
Wherein: 1, pumping source, 2, wavelength division multiplexer, 3, Er-doped fiber, 4, the first coupler, 5a, the second coupler, 5b, the first Polarization Controller, 5c, the second Polarization Controller, 5d, the first chirped fiber grating, 5e, the first polarization-maintaining fiber, 5f, the second polarization-maintaining fiber, 6a, the 3rd coupler, 6b, the 3rd Polarization Controller, 6c, the 4th Polarization Controller, 6d, the second chirped fiber grating, 6e, the 3rd polarization-maintaining fiber, 6f, the 4th polarization-maintaining fiber, 7: the four couplers; 8: isolator; 9: adjustable optic fibre grating; 10: the five couplers.
embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the semiconductor laser that employing output wavelength is 980nm is as pumping source, the pump light that pumping source 1 produces is coupled into loop by the 980nm port of wavelength division multiplexer 2, be Er-doped fiber 3(EDF at gain media) in occur population inversion obtain the gain of light simultaneously, gain light is divided into two-way by the first coupler 4 of a 50:50, enter respectively by the second coupler 5a, in two sagnac rings that the 3rd coupler 6a coupler forms, and a sagnac ring has here embedded one section of first chirped fiber grating 5d, the 2nd sagnac ring has embedded one section of second chirped fiber grating 6d, utilize the filtering characteristic of the first chirped fiber grating 5d and the second chirped fiber grating 6d, in two-way, obtain respectively the light of a branch of multi-wavelength.The cycle phase-shift phase of the chirped fiber by choose reasonable the first chirped fiber grating 5d and the second chirped fiber grating 6d and chirp coefficient can be realized channel spacing to the first chirped fiber grating 5d and the second chirped fiber grating 6d and the accurate control of channel quantity.
The transmission characteristic of two sagnac rings is relevant with the birefringent characteristic of its inner light path, the structure of two sagnac rings of the present invention is similar, currently describe with a sagnac ring, the structure of encircling with a sagnac of the first chirped fiber grating 5d as shown in Figure 2, by three-dB coupler 5a(second coupler) and the first chirped fiber grating 5d formation, input/output port is I, II, in a sagnac ring, adds the first Polarization Controller 5b, the second Polarization Controller 5c, the first polarization-maintaining fiber 5e, the second polarization-maintaining fiber 5f.The first polarization-maintaining fiber 5e and the second polarization-maintaining fiber 5f length are respectively L1 and L2, light by the incident of port I is divided into two-way by three-dB coupler 5a, incide the first chirped fiber grating 5d from both direction, can be by controlling the first Polarization Controller 5b and the second Polarization Controller 5c is consistent the polarization state of this two-beam, thereby what obtain under the filter action of the first chirped fiber grating 5d is the direction of propagation is contrary and polarization state is identical two bundle multi-wavelength light beams, the condition be here a sagnac ring two arms L1 equate with L2.Can find the optimum length of the first polarization-maintaining fiber 5e and the second polarization-maintaining fiber 5f by design, the light that this two beam reversal is propagated has certain phase difference, in its communication process, interfere, the live width of the multi-wavelength emergent light obtaining is narrowed, and the output light of this multi-wavelength is through the II port outgoing of the second coupler 5a.
In invention, introduce polarization and rely on the even Bandwidth that element (the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, the 3rd Polarization Controller, the 4th Polarization Controller, the first polarization-maintaining fiber, the second polarization-maintaining fiber, the 3rd polarization-maintaining fiber, the 4th polarization-maintaining fiber) can effectively suppress erbium-doped fiber, realize the multi-wavelength optical fiber Laser output of ambient stable.
The present invention utilizes two sagnac with chirped fiber grating ring in parallel, and two-beam interferes during again through the 4th coupler 7, thereby makes the multi-wavelength output linewidth that obtains narrower.In the present invention simultaneously, do not require that two chirped fiber gratings in sagnac are in full accord, this has reduced the difficulty that fiber grating is made.Prior, adopt the structure of this parallel connection to improve to a great extent the stability of output wavelength, and can further play the effect that narrows live width.
The multi-wavelength light of the 4th coupler 7 outgoing carries out wavelength through the adjustable optic fibre grating 9 in a broadband again and selects output, and then has realized the stabilized lasers that output light wavelength is adjustable and channel spacing is adjustable output.The adjustable optic fibre grating 9 here requires broader bandwidth, is in order to select suitable Laser output from the light beam of multi-wavelength, only has the light wave that meets fiber grating Bragg condition to export.
The effect of optical isolator 8 is in order to prevent that returning to the 4th coupler 7 focus ring roads from the light of the 4th coupler 7 outgoing impacts, and guarantees light propagation along clockwise direction in whole annular chamber.
Light through adjustable optic fibre grating 9 is divided into two-way by the 5th coupler 10 of a 90:10, and wherein 10% as output light, and 90% feeds back to wavelength division multiplexer 2 along optical fiber, repeats said process.When whole loop gain is greater than loss, obtain stable tunable multi-wavelength Laser output at the output of the 5th coupler 10.
Claims (2)
1. a tunable multi-wavelength is stablized narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: the light that pumping source sends enters after by wavelength division multiplexer and in erbium-doped fiber, obtains the gain of light, then divide two-way to enter respectively in two sagnac rings arranged side by side by the first coupler, the light that encircles out from two sagnac enters the 4th coupler, enter isolator from the 4th coupler light out, enter adjustable optic fibre grating from isolator light out, enter the 5th coupler from adjustable optic fibre grating light out, the 5th coupler is that the coupler of a 90:10 is divided into two-way the light entering, wherein 10% as output light, 90% feeds back to wavelength division multiplexer along optical fiber, repeat said process, when whole loop gain is greater than loss, obtain stable tunable multi-wavelength Laser output at the output of the 5th coupler, the first coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the 4th coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the light turnover direction of the first coupler and the 4th coupler is just contrary.
2. a kind of tunable multi-wavelength according to claim 1 is stablized narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: two sagnac rings are a sagnac ring and the 2nd sagnac ring, the one sagnac ring comprises the second coupler, the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, the first chirped fiber grating, the first polarization-maintaining fiber, the second polarization-maintaining fiber, the 2nd sagnac ring comprises the 3rd coupler, the 3rd Polarization Controller, the 4th Polarization Controller, the second chirped fiber grating, the 3rd polarization-maintaining fiber, the 4th polarization-maintaining fiber, the second coupler is the coupler of a 50:50, the 3rd coupler is the coupler of a 50:50.
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| CN105515677A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | Silicon photonics integration multi-wavelength optical sending and receiving module |
| CN105703211A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | Mach-Zehnder filtering structure based tunable fiber laser |
| CN106646425A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 南京理工大学 | Tunable true-time-delay experiment device and method based on wavelength division multiplexing |
| CN107248692A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-10-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of compound cavity optical fibre laser of super-narrow line width Wavelength tunable |
| CN104297854B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | Silicon substrate multi wave length illuminating source and its method for realization |
| CN107806944A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-16 | 黑龙江工程学院 | A kind of temperature sensor based on Sagnac interference and annular Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy |
| CN108106712A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-01 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of distribution type fiber-optic vibration detecting device based on chaotic laser light Sagnac interference |
| CN109459011A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The parallel optical fibre gyro of dicyclo resonant cavity |
| CN109490234A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on the bicyclic parallel-connection structure of optical fiber Sagnac |
| CN109507130A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Strength investigation type gas sensor based on the bicyclic parallel-connection structure of Sagnac and photothermal technique |
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| CN105703211A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | Mach-Zehnder filtering structure based tunable fiber laser |
| CN106646425B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-05-07 | 南京理工大学 | Tunable true delay experimental provision and its experimental method based on wavelength-division multiplex |
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| CN109507131A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | The strength investigation type gas sensor in parallel and photothermal technique based on mixed interference |
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| CN115102016B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2024-08-09 | 北京交通大学 | Single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth thulium doped fiber laser |
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