CN111711056A - Tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference - Google Patents

Tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111711056A
CN111711056A CN202010574695.XA CN202010574695A CN111711056A CN 111711056 A CN111711056 A CN 111711056A CN 202010574695 A CN202010574695 A CN 202010574695A CN 111711056 A CN111711056 A CN 111711056A
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fiber
optical fiber
wavelength
double
core
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Inventor
赵琦
裴丽
王建帅
宁提纲
郑晶晶
李晶
解宇恒
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
    • H01S3/06737—Fibre having multiple non-coaxial cores, e.g. multiple active cores or separate cores for pump and gain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
    • H01S3/10023—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by functional association of additional optical elements, e.g. filters, gratings, reflectors
    • H01S3/1003—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by functional association of additional optical elements, e.g. filters, gratings, reflectors tunable optical elements, e.g. acousto-optic filters, tunable gratings

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference, which can simultaneously realize tuning of a wavelength range, and change of the number of wavelengths and wavelength intervals. In the fiber laser, a polarization controller I and a polarization maintaining fiber are connected between two ports of a fiber coupler I to form a Sagnac fiber filter, so that wavelength tuning in a gain range is realized. The change of the wavelength interval can be realized by adjusting the optical fiber stress frame of the double-core optical fiber Mach-Zehnder filter. The use of the optical fiber with high nonlinear coefficient can form four-wave mixing effect, inhibit wavelength competition and facilitate stable wavelength output. At the same time, the change in the number of wavelengths can be achieved by changing the pump power. The laser has simple structure and flexible output wavelength, and is favorable for application in optical communication and optical wavelength division multiplexing systems.

Description

Tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference, and belongs to the field of optical fiber communication and instruments and meters.
Background
With the coming of the information era, the human society has changed with the earth, the requirements of people on the communication speed and the communication capacity are greatly improved, and the optical fiber communication has come and come to play an important role. Due to the development of high-capacity optical fiber communication networks, wavelength division multiplexing (wdm) technology has become the most economical and efficient way to upgrade and expand optical fiber communication systems. The multi-wavelength fiber laser with the advantages of simple structure, good compatibility, stable output laser, low price and the like provides an ideal light source for a DWDM system, and is an effective scheme for reducing the number of lasers and the cost of the system. In addition, the multi-wavelength fiber laser is widely used in the fields of optical measurement, optical signal processing, spectral analysis, optical sensing, microwave generation, and the like. Since the first fiber laser in the world comes, researchers have designed various types of multi-wavelength fiber lasers, such as multi-wavelength single longitudinal mode fiber lasers based on fiber gratings, multi-wavelength lasers based on few-mode fibers, stimulated brillouin fiber lasers, and the like.
Among the various types of fiber lasers, a multi-wavelength laser having flexible output characteristics such as a variable output number, a variable wavelength range, and an adjustable wavelength interval has attracted much attention in view of practical use. The Journal of lightwave Technology, vol.29, No.21, pp.3319-3326,2011, proposes a method of cascading a pair of long period gratings with a Sagnac filter, so as to achieve the adjustability of the output laser quantity and range, but a special grating has the disadvantages of complex manufacturing and easy damage, and in addition, the variation of the output wavelength interval has great randomness, which cannot well meet the actual requirement. The article IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.29, No.3, pp.287-290,2017 uses a two-stage Lyot filter in combination with the NOLM effect to achieve a wavelength-spaced, variable wavelength-amount laser output. However, the filter based on the polarization maintaining fiber can only change the wavelength interval of 2-3, and has a certain limitation in the output flexibility.
The mach-zehnder filter has been widely used as a comb filter in practice, and its main principle is to change the output wavelength interval by controlling the optical path difference of two paths of light. The paper Laser Physics Letters, vol.14, No.5,2017, proposes a fiber Laser based on a dual core fiber mach-zehnder filter, which achieves switchable wavelength output. The paper Physica script, vol.94, No.12, p.125502,2019 proposes a laser using a bidirectional mach-zehnder filter of the tapered type, but tuning of the wavelength range of the output laser is difficult to achieve. The Journal of lightwave Technology, vol.37, No.3, pp.715-721,2019, proposes a method for tapering one optical fiber of a mach-zehnder filter in a laser by using a tapering platform, which can precisely change the interval of the output wavelengths of the laser. The Journal of Optics, vol.16, No.5,2014, of the article proposes a method of placing a dual core fiber in a laser on a fiber stress shelf to achieve free variation of wavelength separation. It should be noted that none of the fiber lasers constructed by the above methods has the capability of simultaneously realizing tuning of the wavelength range, the number of wavelengths and the variation of the wavelength interval.
The double-core fiber and the Sagnac ring are cascaded to form a double interference effect, so that the tuning of the output wavelength position and the wavelength interval of the fiber laser in a very large range can be realized simultaneously, in addition, the free change of the wavelength quantity can also be realized by the change of the pumping power, different requirements in an optical communication system can be better met, the cost and the complexity of the system are reduced, and the double-core fiber and the Sagnac ring cascade connection method have very important significance for the development of a future communication network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tunable laser structure based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference, which can be used for flexibly changing the wavelength interval and changing the wavelength quantity within a certain range while greatly improving the output wavelength tunable range of a multi-wavelength optical fiber laser.
The specific scheme adopted is as follows:
the optical fiber polarization maintaining device comprises a pumping light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain optical fiber, an optical fiber with a high nonlinear coefficient, a first optical fiber coupler, a second optical fiber coupler, a polarization maintaining optical fiber, a first polarization controller, a second polarization controller and a double-core optical fiber.
The pump light source is connected with the input end on the right side of the wavelength division multiplexer, the port I on the left side of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the gain optical fiber, the port II on the left side of the gain optical fiber is connected with the optical fiber with a high nonlinear coefficient, the port III on the left side of the optical fiber with the high nonlinear coefficient is connected with the port IV of the optical fiber coupler I, and the polarization controller I and the polarization maintaining optical fiber are sequentially connected between the port V and the port VI of the optical fiber coupler I. The port seven on the right side of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the double-core optical fiber, the port on the right side of the double-core optical fiber is connected with the port eight of the optical fiber coupler II, and the polarization controller II is connected between the port nine and the port ten of the optical fiber coupler II. And the second port on the left side of the second optical fiber coupler is used as the output end of the laser.
The gain optical fiber is erbium-doped optical fiber, ytterbium-doped optical fiber, thulium-doped optical fiber and other optical fibers capable of providing gain for laser.
The invention has the following effects:
a tunable laser based on dual-core fiber and Sagnac loop dual-interference is proposed. The laser can realize wavelength tuning in a large range and change the wavelength interval at the same time. Firstly, a section of double-core optical fiber is selected and placed on an optical fiber stress frame to form a Mach-Zehnder filter with variable wavelength interval, then a first optical fiber coupler, a first polarization controller and a polarization maintaining optical fiber are used to form a Sagnac filter, and finally the two optical fiber filters are cascaded. In addition, another Sagnac loop is formed by the second fiber coupler and the polarization controller, and is used for forming a fiber laser resonant cavity. The wavelength interval can be changed by adjusting the optical fiber stress frame of the Mach-Zehnder filter based on the double-core optical fiber. Tuning the polarization controller in the Sagnac filter allows for a wide range of wavelength tuning. The four-wave mixing effect can be formed by connecting optical fibers with high nonlinear coefficients, wavelength competition is inhibited, stable laser output is obtained, and the number of output wavelengths can be greatly increased. Furthermore, a change in the number of wavelengths can also be achieved to some extent by controlling the pump power.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunable laser based on dual-core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of wavelength spacing variation for a tunable laser based on dual core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference, where (a) the wavelength spacing is Δ λ1Graph (b) has a wavelength interval of Δ λ2Graph (c) has a wavelength interval of Δ λ3(Δλ1≠Δλ2，Δλ2≠Δλ3，Δλ1≠Δλ3)。
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of wavelength tuning of a tunable laser based on dual core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference.
Detailed Description
Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Implementation mode one
A tunable laser based on double-core fiber and Sagnac ring double interference is shown in FIG. 1 and comprises a pumping light source 01, a wavelength division multiplexer 02, a gain fiber 03, a fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient, a fiber coupler I05, a polarization controller I06, a polarization maintaining fiber 07, a double-core fiber 08, a fiber coupler II 09 and a polarization controller II 10.
The pump light source 01 is connected with the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer 02, a first port 022 on the left side of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the gain fiber 03, a second port 031 on the left side of the gain fiber 03 is connected with the fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient, a third port 041 on the left side of the fiber 04 with the high nonlinear coefficient is connected with a fourth port 051 of the fiber coupler I05, and a first polarization controller 06 and a first polarization maintaining fiber 07 are sequentially connected between a fifth port 061 and a sixth port 071 of the fiber coupler I05. The seven 081 port on the right side of the wavelength division multiplexer 02 is connected with the double-core optical fiber 08, the port on the right side of the double-core optical fiber 08 is connected with the eight 091 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler, and the second 10 polarization controller is connected between the nine 101 port and the ten 102 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler. The second port 092 on the left side of the second fiber coupler 09 serves as the output end of the laser. The wavelength interval variation can be achieved by adjusting the fiber stress shelf of a dual core fiber based mach-zehnder filter, as shown in figure 2. Tuning the polarization controller in the Sagnac filter can achieve a wide range of wavelength tuning, as shown in fig. 3. The gain fiber 03 is an erbium-doped fiber, the length of the fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient is a suitable length capable of exciting a four-wave mixing effect in the structure, and the length of the polarization-maintaining fiber 07 is a corresponding length capable of enabling the free spectral range of the Sagnac loop to be larger than or equal to the gain range of the erbium-doped fiber.
Second embodiment
A tunable laser based on double-core fiber and Sagnac ring double interference is shown in FIG. 1, wherein a pumping light source 01 is connected with an input end of a wavelength division multiplexer 02, a first port 022 on the left side of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of a gain fiber 03, a second port 031 on the left side of the gain fiber 03 is connected with a fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient, a third port 041 on the left side of the fiber 04 with the high nonlinear coefficient is connected with a fourth port 051 of a first fiber coupler 05, and a first polarization controller 06 and a first polarization maintaining fiber 07 are sequentially connected between a fifth port 061 and a sixth port 071 of the first fiber coupler 05. The seven 081 port on the right side of the wavelength division multiplexer 02 is connected with the double-core optical fiber 08, the port on the right side of the double-core optical fiber 08 is connected with the eight 091 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler, and the second 10 polarization controller is connected between the nine 101 port and the ten 102 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler. The second port 092 on the left side of the second fiber coupler 09 serves as the output end of the laser. The wavelength interval variation can be achieved by adjusting the fiber stress shelf of a dual core fiber based mach-zehnder filter, as shown in figure 2. Tuning the polarization controller in the Sagnac filter can achieve a wide range of wavelength tuning, as shown in fig. 3. The gain fiber 03 is an ytterbium-doped fiber, the fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient is an HI1060 fiber, the length of the HI1060 fiber is a suitable length required for exciting a four-wave mixing effect, and the length of the polarization-maintaining fiber 07 is a corresponding length which enables the free spectral range of the Sagnac ring to be larger than or equal to the gain range of the ytterbium-doped fiber.
Third embodiment
A tunable laser based on double interference of a double-core optical fiber and a Sagnac ring is shown in figure 1, wherein a pumping light source 01 is connected with an input end of a wavelength division multiplexer 02, the wavelength division multiplexer 02 is connected with one end of a gain optical fiber 03, a left port II 031 of the gain optical fiber 03 is connected with an optical fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient,
the port three 041 is connected with the port four 051 of the optical fiber coupler I05, and the polarization controller I06 and the polarization maintaining optical fiber 07 are sequentially connected between the port five 061 and the port six 071 of the optical fiber coupler I05. The seven 081 port on the right side of the wavelength division multiplexer 02 is connected with the double-core optical fiber 08, the port on the right side of the double-core optical fiber 08 is connected with the eight 091 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler, and the second 10 polarization controller is connected between the nine 101 port and the ten 102 port of the second 09 optical fiber coupler. The second port 092 on the left side of the second fiber coupler 09 serves as the output end of the laser. The wavelength interval variation can be achieved by adjusting the fiber stress shelf of a dual core fiber based mach-zehnder filter, as shown in figure 2. Tuning the polarization controller in the Sagnac filter can achieve a wide range of wavelength tuning, as shown in fig. 3. The gain fiber 03 is a thulium-doped fiber, the fiber 04 with a high nonlinear coefficient is a high nonlinear fiber, the length is a suitable length required by exciting a four-wave mixing effect when the thulium-doped fiber is applied to the structure, and the length of the polarization-maintaining fiber 07 is a corresponding length which enables the free spectral range of the Sagnac loop to be larger than or equal to the gain range of the thulium-doped fiber.
In conclusion, the invention can greatly improve the flexibility of the multi-wavelength fiber laser for outputting laser, realize the change of the output wavelength range and the wavelength interval in a larger range, and is beneficial to the reduction of the complexity of an optical fiber communication system.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the components in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be correspondingly changed in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The components of the above embodiments may be combined into one component, or may be further divided into a plurality of sub-components.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. Tunable laser based on two interference of two core fiber and Sagnac ring which characterized in that:
the wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber polarization controller comprises a pumping light source (01), a wavelength division multiplexer (02), a gain optical fiber (03), an optical fiber (04) with a high nonlinear coefficient, a first optical fiber coupler (05), a first polarization controller (06), a polarization maintaining optical fiber (07), a double-core optical fiber (08), a second optical fiber coupler (09) and a second polarization controller (10), wherein the double-core optical fiber (08) is used for forming a Mach-Zehnder filter with variable wavelength intervals, the first optical fiber coupler (05), the first polarization controller (06) and the polarization maintaining optical fiber (07) are used for forming a Sagnac filter, the two optical fiber filters are cascaded, the wavelength intervals are changed by adjusting an optical fiber stress frame of the double-core optical fiber Mach-Zehnder filter, the first polarization controller (06) in the Sagnac filter is adjusted, and wavelength tuning in a large range is achieved. An optical fiber (04) having a high nonlinear coefficient is accessed to suppress wavelength competition and increase the number of output wavelengths. The change of the number of wavelengths is achieved by controlling the power of the pump light source (01).
2. The tunable laser based on double-core fiber and Sagnac ring double interference of claim 1, wherein the gain fiber (03) comprises erbium-doped fiber, ytterbium-doped fiber, thulium-doped fiber and other fibers capable of providing gain for laser light.
3. The tunable laser based on dual core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference of claim 1, characterized in that the fiber (04) with high nonlinear coefficient includes photonic crystal fiber, dispersion compensation fiber, high nonlinear fiber, single mode fiber and dispersion shifted fiber and other fiber that can generate optical nonlinear effect.
4. The tunable laser based on dual-core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the fiber (04) with high nonlinear coefficient should be a suitable length needed to excite the four-wave mixing effect in the structure, and the length of the polarization maintaining fiber (07) should be such that the free spectral range of the Sagnac loop is greater than or equal to the corresponding length of the gain range of the gain fiber (03).
5. The tunable laser based on the dual-core fiber and Sagnac loop dual interference of claim 1, wherein the splitting ratio of the second fiber coupler (09) can be any ratio, such as 50:50, 70:30, 80:20, etc.
CN202010574695.XA 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Tunable laser based on double-core optical fiber and Sagnac ring double interference Pending CN111711056A (en)

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CN114498262A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-05-13 北京交通大学 Multi-wavelength switchable single longitudinal mode thulium-doped fiber laser

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113608295A (en) * 2021-08-04 2021-11-05 西南交通大学 Fiber-integrated adjustable optical comb filter, method and optical system
CN114498262A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-05-13 北京交通大学 Multi-wavelength switchable single longitudinal mode thulium-doped fiber laser
CN114498262B (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-11-07 北京交通大学 Multi-wavelength switchable single-longitudinal-mode thulium-doped fiber laser

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Application publication date: 20200925