CN106195144B - 用于混合动力车辆的变速器 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆的变速器 Download PDF

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CN106195144B
CN106195144B CN201510231133.4A CN201510231133A CN106195144B CN 106195144 B CN106195144 B CN 106195144B CN 201510231133 A CN201510231133 A CN 201510231133A CN 106195144 B CN106195144 B CN 106195144B
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hollow shaft
shaft
input
speed change
synchronizer
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CN106195144A (zh
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边成崑
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442Series-parallel switching type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • F16H2003/008Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths comprising means for selectively driving countershafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0931Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts each countershaft having an output gear meshing with a single common gear on the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0933Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts with coaxial countershafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919Stepped shift

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器,其包括:输入轴,其连接至发动机;输出轴,其与所述输入轴平行布置;第一中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的第一侧的外周面上;第二中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的第二侧的外周面上;第一电机,其连接到第一中空轴;第二电机,其连接到第二中空轴;第一变速输出部件,其设置在所述第一中空轴和所述输出轴之间;第二变速输出部件,其设置在所述第二中空轴和所述输出轴之间;第一同步器,其将所述第一中空轴同步连接到所述第一变速输出部件;以及第二同步器,其将所述第二中空轴同步连接到所述第二变速输出部件。

Description

用于混合动力车辆的变速器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2014年11月26日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2014-0166509号的优先权,该申请的全部内容结合于此以用于通过该引用的所有目的。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器,更具体而言,本申请涉及这样一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器,其能够提高变速效率、改善燃油效率,并通过实现在电动车(EV)/混合动力电动车(HEV)驱动模式下多级变速而能够驱动为串联和并联模式。
背景技术
混合动力车辆是指通过将两种或更多种动力源彼此有效地结合而驱动的车辆,并且主要是指通过发动机和电机进行驱动的车辆,其中发动机通过燃烧燃料(诸如汽油之类的矿物燃料)获得扭矩,电机通过电池的电力来获得扭矩。
混合动力车辆是未来车辆的发展趋势,其包括发动机和电机,从而能够促进汽车尾气排放量的减少以及燃油效率的提高;根据目前燃油效率的提高和生态友好产品发展的需要,关于混合动力车辆的研究已积极地展开。
混合动力车辆可分为串联式混合动力车辆(series type hybrid vehicle)、并联式混合动力车辆(parallel type hybrid vehicle)等等。在此,串联式混合动力车辆是指混合动力系统包含发动机和电机,但在其中发动机仅仅产生电力,并将电力供应给电机和电池,用于驱动轮驱动车辆的力仅由电机提供,而并联式混合动力车辆具有的发动机和电机均可为驱动车轮提供所需力。
并且,一种能够兼备实施串联模式和并联模式的混合动力车辆也已被研制。
然而,在根据相关技术的混合动力车辆中,在变速器中使用了利用油压的摩擦元件(如离合器、制动器等等),从而会使得变速效率和动力传输效率降低。
公开于该发明背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的一般背景技术的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面致力于提供一种用于车辆的变速器,其能提高变速效率和动力传输效率,并显著改善燃油效率,通过在电动车(EV)/混合动力电动车(HEV)驱动模式下实现多级变速,使得其能够以串联、并联模式驱动。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器包括:输入轴,其连接至发动机;输出轴,其与所述输入轴平行布置;第一中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的一侧的外周面上;第二中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的另一侧的外周面上;第一电机,其连接到第一中空轴;第二电机,其连接到第二中空轴;第一变速输出部件,其设置在所述第一中空轴和所述输出轴之间;第二变速输出部件,其设置在所述第二中空轴和所述输出轴之间;第一同步器,其将所述第一中空轴同步连接到所述第一变速输出部件;以及第二同步器,其将所述第二中空轴同步连接到所述第二变速输出部件。
所述第一中空轴可以具有两个或更多个第一输入齿轮,所述第一输入齿轮形成于所述第一中空轴的外周面上,并且第一同步器可以安装在第一中空轴的第一输入齿轮之间,以将第一输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到第一变速输出部件;第二中空轴可以具有两个或更多个第二输入齿轮,所述第二输入齿轮形成于所述第二中空轴的外周面上,并且第二同步器可以安装在第二中空轴的第二输入齿轮之间,以将第二输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到第二变速输出部件。
所述第一变速输出部件可以具有第一变速轴和多个第一变速齿轮,所述第一变速齿轮形成于第一变速轴的外周面上;第二变速输出部件可以具有第二变速轴和多个第二变速齿轮,所述第二变速齿轮形成于第二变速轴的外周面上。
所述第一同步器可以配置成将第一输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到所述第一变速轴的第一变速齿轮;所述第二同步器可以配置成将第二输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到所述第二变速轴的第二变速齿轮。
连接机构可以安装在第一中空轴和第二中空轴彼此毗邻的部分,并且将第一中空轴和第二中空轴选择性地同步连接到所述输入轴。
所述连接机构可以配置成同步器。
所述第一中空轴、所述第一电机、所述第一同步器以及所述第一变速输出部件可以布置在邻近于车辆前轮的部分;所述第二中空轴、所述第二电机、所述第二同步器以及所述第二变速输出部件可以布置在邻近于车辆后轮的部分。
所述输入轴可以在车辆的前轮和后轮之间延伸,第一连接机构可以安装在输入轴的一侧和第一中空轴之间,以使得输入轴和第一中空轴彼此选择性地同步连接,第二连接机构可以安装在输入轴的另一侧和第二中空轴之间,以使得输入轴和第二中空轴彼此选择性地同步连接。
根据本发明的另一个示例性实施方案,一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器可以包括:输入轴,其连接到发动机;输出轴,其与所述输入轴平行布置;中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的外周面上;电机,其连接到所述中空轴上;变速输出部件,其设置在所述中空轴和所述输出轴之间;以及同步器,其将中空轴的输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到变速输出部件。
用于混合动力车辆的变速器可以进一步包括连接机构,所述连接机构选择性地将所述中空轴同步连接到所述输入轴。
所述连接机构可以配置成同步器。
所述中空轴可以具有两个或更多个输入齿轮,所述输入齿轮形成于中空轴的外周面上,并且所述同步器安装在中空轴的输入齿轮之间,以将输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到变速输出部件。
所述变速输出部件可以包括变速轴,所述变速轴与所述输出轴平行布置,所述变速轴具有多个尺寸不相同的变速齿轮。
本发明的方法和装置可以具有其他的特性和优点,这些特性和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中将是显而易见的,或者将在并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中进行详细陈述,这些附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为显示了根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器的结构图。
图2是根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器在电动车(EV)模式下的动力传动系。
图3是根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器在串联模式下的动力传动系。
图4是根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器在并联模式下的动力传动系。
图5A,5B,5C和5D为显示了根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器在EV模式下的第一变速过程的视图。
图6为显示了根据本发明另一个示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器的结构图。
应当理解,附图不一定是按照比例,提供各种特征的略微简化的表示本发明的基本原理的说明。本发明所公开的本发明的具体设计特征(包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和形状)将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图中,贯穿附图的多幅图,相同的附图标记涉及本发明的相同或等同的部分。
附图中元件的附图标记:
10:发动机
11:输入轴
15:输出轴
21,22:中空轴
MG1,MG2:电机
31,32:变速输出部件
41,42:同步器。
具体实施方式
下面将具体参考本发明的各个实施方案,这些实施方案的示例显示在附图中并描述如下。尽管本发明将与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述,但是应当意识到,本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。相反,本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案,而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种选择形式、修改形式、等价形式及其它实施方案。
图1为显示了根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆变速器的图。
如图1所示,根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器配置成包括:连接到发动机10的输入轴11,与输入轴11平行布置的输出轴15,一个或多个安装在输入轴11外周面的中空轴21、22,一个或多个连接到中空轴21、22的电机MG1、MG2,设置在中空轴21、22和输出轴15之间的变速输出部件31、32,将中空轴21、22选择性地同步连接到变速输出部件31、32的同步器41、42。
输入轴11安装在变速壳体H内以纵向地延伸,输入轴11的一侧连接到发动机10以便接收发动机10的驱动力。
输出轴15设置在变速壳体H外部以与输入轴11平行,输出轴15的外周面上有一个或多个输出齿轮15a、15b。
中空轴21、22具有形成在其内的中空部分,并且输入轴11可旋转地安装在中空轴21、22内,使得中空轴21、22布置在输入轴11的外周面上。因此,中空轴21、22可绕着输入轴11自由旋转。
根据示例性实施方案,中空轴21、22包括:第一中空轴21和第二中空轴22,所述第一中空轴21安装在输入轴11的一侧的外周面上,所述第二中空轴22安装在输入轴11的另一侧的外周面上,如图3所示。
第一中空轴21具有形成在其外周面上的两个或更多个第一输入齿轮21a、21b,其中,两个或更多个第一输入齿轮21a、21b配置成其尺寸(例如齿数、直径等等)互不相同,从而向第一变速输出部件31提供不同的输入速度。
第二中空轴22具有形成在其外周面上的两个或更多个第二输入齿轮22a、22b,其中,两个或更多个第二输入齿轮22a、22b配置成其尺寸(例如齿数、直径等等)互不相同,从而向第二变速输出部件32提供不同的输入速度。
电机MG1、MG2连接到中空轴21、22,以旋转中空轴21、22。
根据示例性实施方案,电机MG1、MG2包括:连接到第一中空轴21的第一电机MG1,以及连接到第二中空轴22的第二电机MG2,如图3所示。
第一电机MG1具有固定到变速壳体H的定子,以及连接到第一中空轴21的转子。因此,第一电机MG1旋转第一中空轴21。
第二电机MG2具有固定到变速壳体H的定子,以及连接到第二中空轴22的转子。因此,第二电机MG2旋转第二中空轴22。
第一变速输出部件31具有与第一中空轴21平行布置的第一变速轴33,其中,第一变速轴33具有形成在其外周面上的多个第一变速齿轮33a至33c。多个第一变速齿轮33a至33c配置成其尺寸(例如齿数、直径等等)互不相同,使得它们能选择性地与第一中空轴21的输入齿轮21a、21b啮合。
第二变速输出部件32具有与第二中空轴22平行布置的第二变速轴34,其中,第二变速轴34具有形成在外周面上的多个第二变速齿轮34a至33c。多个第二变速齿轮34a至33c配置成其尺寸(例如齿数、直径等等)互不相同,使得它们能够选择性地与第二中空轴22的输入齿轮22a、22b啮合。
同时,第一变速轴33的第一变速齿轮33a至33c以及第二变速轴34的第二变速齿轮34a至34c与输出轴15的输出齿轮15a、15b选择性地啮合,从而可以实现多级变速。
同步器41、42配置成将中空轴21、22同步连接到变速输出部件31、32。
根据示例性实施方案,同步器41、42包括:第一同步器41和第二同步器42,所述第一同步器41将第一中空轴21同步连接到第一变速输出部件31,所述第二同步器42将第二中空轴22同步连接到第二变速输出部件32。
第一同步器41安装在第一中空轴21的第一输入齿轮21a和21b之间,并配置成将第一输入齿轮21a、21b选择性地同步连接到第一变速输出部件31的第一变速齿轮33a至33c。
第二同步器42安装在第二中空轴22的第二输入齿轮22a和22b之间,并配置成将第二输入齿轮22a、22b选择性地同步连接到第二变速输出部件32的第二变速齿轮34a至33c。
如上所述,根据本发明,通过同步器41、42,电机MG1、MG2的驱动力选择性地连接到变速输出部件31、32,以实现电动车(EV)/混合动力电动车(HEV)模式下的多级变速,从而能够提高变速效率和动力传输效率,并且大大改善燃油效率。
具体而言,根据本发明,由于利用两个同步器兼顾执行串、并联模式,使得两个电机MG1、MG2可独立地同步连接到两个变速输出部件31、32上,因此,能够实现最佳驱动状态。
此外,根据本发明,由于通过同步器41、42在EV/HEV模式下的多级变速,使得动力电子(power electronics,PE)组件(如电机等)的容量可能会随之减少,因此,成本的降低和效率的增加是可以预期的。
此外,根据本发明,为了多级变速的目的,同步器41、42被用来替代由油压驱动的间歇机构(诸如离合器、制动器等等),从而能够提高变速效率以提高燃油效率。
连接机构45安装在第一中空轴21和第二中空轴22彼此毗邻的部分,并配置成将第一中空轴21、第二中空轴22选择性地同步连接到输入轴11。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,连接机构45配置为同步器,以将第一、第二中空轴21、22选择性地同步连接到输入轴11。
如上所述,根据本发明,通过连接机构45将第一、第二中空轴21、22同步连接到输入轴11,使得在没有用于发动机启动的单独的减速器情况下,仍能够轻松实现串联模式,并且现有的启动器发电机可以被省略,从而让减少制造成本成为可能。
如上描述的配置的根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器的驱动模式将参考图2至图4进行详细描述。
在EV驱动模式下,如图2所示,第一电机MG1被驱动,从而第一电机MG1的驱动力通过第一中空轴21传递到第一变速输出部件31,并且然后传递到输出轴15(见箭头A的方向)。
在串联驱动模式下,如图3所示,第一电机MG1被驱动,从而使得第一电机MG1的驱动力通过第一中空轴21传递到第一变速输出部件31,并且然后传递到输出轴15(见箭头A的方向),而发动机10的驱动力,在输入轴11和第二中空轴22通过连接机构45彼此相连的状态下,通过中空轴22传递到第二电机MG2(见箭头B的方向),以使得第二电机MG2产生电力。
在并联驱动模式下,如图4所示,第一电机MG1被驱动,从而使得第一电机MG1的驱动力通过第一中空轴21传递到第一变速输出部件31,并且然后传递到输出轴15(见箭头A的方向),而发动机10的驱动力,在输入轴11和第二中空轴22通过连接机构45彼此相连的状态下,通过中空轴22传递到第二电机MG2(见箭头B的方向),以使得第二电机MG2产生电力,而第二电机MG2的驱动力传递到第二变速输出部件32(见箭头C的方向),并且然后传递到输出轴15。
并且,根据本发明示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器在EV驱动模式下的多级变速过程将参考图5A至图5D进行描述。
如图5A所示,在EV驱动模式的最初过程中,第一电机MG1被驱动,从而使得第一电机MG1的驱动力通过第一中空轴21传递到第一变速输出部件31(见箭头A的方向),在第一变速输入部件31以第一EV驱动模式被驱动期间,在第二同步下的速度同步通过第一同步器41经由第二电机MG2来执行(见箭头B的方向)。在此,在用于混合动力车辆的变速器处于由第二电机MG2来完成的串联驱动状态下,速度同步在串联驱动模式停止之后执行。
然后,如图5所示,当第一变速输出部件31通过同步器41在第二同步下被同步后,第二电机MG2停止,并且第二变速输出部件32通过第二同步器42在第二同步下被接合。
接下来,如图5C所示,第一、第二变速输出部件31、32通过第一、第二同步器41、42在第二同步下被接合,以保持变速感觉,并通过对第一、第二电机MG1、MG2的扭矩控制来保持动力性能(见箭头A’、C’)。
然后,如图5D所示,在第一电机MG1停止的状态下,第一同步器41在第一同步下保持中性,并且通过第二电机MG2第二驱动被执行(见箭头C的方向)。在这样的情况下,通过第一电机MG1的串联驱动是可行的。
同时,图6是根据本发明另一个示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器的图。
如图6所示,在根据本发明的另一个示例性实施方案的用于混合动力车辆的变速器中,第一中空轴21、第一电机MG1、第一同步器41以及第一变速输出部件31布置在邻近于车辆前轮的部分,第二中空轴22、第二电机MG2、第二同步器42以及第二变速输出部件32布置在邻近于车辆后轮的部分,从而能够实现四轮驱动。
此外,输入轴11可以在车辆的前、后轮之间延伸,第一连接机构46可以安装在输入轴11的一侧和第一中空轴21之间,以使得输入轴11和第一中空轴21能够彼此选择性地同步连接,第二连接机构47可以安装在输入轴11的另一侧和第二中空轴22之间,以使得输入轴11和第二中空轴22能够彼此选择性地同步连接。
如上所述,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,电机的驱动力通过同步器选择性地同步连接到了变速输出部件,以实现EV/HEV模式下的多级变速,从而能够增加变速效率和动力传输效率,并且显著提高燃油效率。
具体而言,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,由于利用两个同步器兼顾执行串、并联模式,使得两个电机可独立地同步连接到两个变速输出部件,因此,能够实现最佳驱动状态。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,通过连接机构(同步器)将中空轴同步连接到输入轴,使得在没有用于发动机启动的单独的减速器情况下,仍能够轻松实现串联模式,并且现有的启动器发电机可以被省略,从而让减少制造成本成为可能。
具体而言,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,由于通过同步器在EV/HEV模式下的多级变速,使得动力电子(power electronics,PE)组件(如电机等等)的容量可能会随之减少,因此,成本的降低和效率的增加是可以预期的。
此外,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,为了多级变速的目的,同步器被用来替代由油压驱动的间歇机构(诸如离合器、制动器等等),从而能够提高变速效率以提高燃油效率。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求,术语“上”、“下”、“内”和“外”被用于参考附图中所显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性实施方式的特征。
前面对本发明具体示例性实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并不想要成为毫无遗漏的,也不是想要把本发明限制为所公开的精确形式,显然,根据上述教导很多改变和变化都是可能的。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的其它技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围旨在由所附权利要求书及其等价形式所限定。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于车辆的变速器,包括:
输入轴,其连接至发动机;
输出轴,其与所述输入轴平行布置;
第一中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的第一侧的外周面上;
第二中空轴,其安装在所述输入轴的第二侧的外周面上;
第一电机,其连接到第一中空轴;
第二电机,其连接到第二中空轴;
第一变速输出部件,其设置在所述第一中空轴和所述输出轴之间;
第二变速输出部件,其设置在所述第二中空轴和所述输出轴之间;
第一同步器,其将所述第一中空轴同步连接到所述第一变速输出部件;以及
第二同步器,其将所述第二中空轴同步连接到所述第二变速输出部件,
其中,第一中空轴通过第一同步器与第一变速输出部件选择性地连接,
其中,第二中空轴通过第二同步器与第二变速输出部件选择性地连接,
其中,连接机构安装在第一中空轴和第二中空轴彼此毗邻的部分,并且选择性地连接第一中空轴和第二中空轴到输入轴,以将第一中空轴和第二中空轴与输入轴同步。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述第一中空轴具有两个或更多个第一输入齿轮,所述第一输入齿轮形成于所述第一中空轴的外周面上,并且第一同步器安装在第一中空轴的两个或更多个第一输入齿轮之间,以将两个或更多个第一输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到第一变速输出部件;
所述第二中空轴具有两个或更多个第二输入齿轮,所述第二输入齿轮形成于所述第二中空轴的外周面上,并且第二同步器安装在第二中空轴的两个或更多个第二输入齿轮之间,以将两个或更多个第二输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到第二变速输出部件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述第一变速输出部件具有第一变速轴和多个第一变速齿轮,所述第一变速齿轮形成于第一变速轴的外周面上,
第二变速输出部件具有第二变速轴和多个第二变速齿轮,所述第二变速齿轮形成于第二变速轴的外周面上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述第一同步器配置成将两个或更多个第一输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到所述第一变速轴的第一变速齿轮,
所述第二同步器配置成将两个或更多个第二输入齿轮选择性地同步连接到所述第二变速轴的第二变速齿轮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述连接机构为同步器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述第一中空轴、所述第一电机、所述第一同步器以及所述第一变速输出部件布置在邻近于车辆前轮的部分,
所述第二中空轴、所述第二电机、所述第二同步器以及所述第二变速输出部件布置在邻近于车辆后轮的部分。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于车辆的变速器,其中,所述输入轴在车辆的前轮和后轮之间延伸,第一连接机构安装在输入轴的第一侧和第一中空轴之间,以使得输入轴和第一中空轴彼此选择性地同步连接,第二连接机构安装在输入轴的第二侧和第二中空轴之间,以使得输入轴和第二中空轴彼此选择性地同步连接。
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